川大884化工原理电子版本课件双语1

1、1教师简况姓名: 刘 钟 海单位: Dept. of Chem. Eng.电话: 85402634 .cn2Introduction3Transport Phenomena &Unit Operationsin Chemical Industry动量传递 Momentum Transfer 热量传递 Heat Transfer质量传递 Mass Transfer4Unit operations of momentum Transfer流体流动和输送 Fluid Flow and Transport 流体输送机械 Fluid Moving Machine5 搅拌混合 Stirring, Mixi

2、ng 沉降分离 Precipitation 过滤 Filtration Mixing and Separation6Unit operations of Heat Transfer加热和冷却 Heat Exchange 蒸发 Evaporation 冷冻 Refrigeration 干燥 Drying 7Unit operations of Mass Transfer气体吸收 Gas Absorption蒸馏 Distillation液相萃取 Liquid Extraction结晶 Crystallization浸取 Leaching干燥/增湿 Drying & Humidification吸

3、附 Adsorption 8Two typical chemical processesWet phosphoric acid process Citric acid process9Wet phosphoric acid process10Citric acid process11Conclusion：Different raw materials and productsSame Unit operations12the special properties andthe way to studySemi-empirical Method: combination of modeling

4、and experiment Theoretical Method： differential equations 13Steps to solve a problemfrom differential equations 利用相似准则使方程无因次化(dimensionless of the equations by using of analogy theory) 进行因次分析 (Dimensional Analysis) 从实验数据求参数(parameters from experimental data) 14Key to study理论结合实际, 建立工程概念习题的重要性实验的必要15

5、 chapter 1transport phenomena in fluid1.1 Fluid and its flow 16Basic properties of fluidDensity gas：100 kg/m3 liquid：103-4 kg/m3 super critical fluid：102 kg/m3Note：Tc和Super Critical Fluid17 剪应力 黏度 速度梯度shearing kinematical velocity stress viscosity gradient Newtons viscose law and viscosity(1.1.8) （p

6、8）18Unit of viscositySI： Pa.s =N.s/m2 engineering: 厘泊（cp）exchange： 1cp = 10-3 Pa.s Note: the viscosity of water at 20C is 1cpsymbol: Note: = / (dynamic viscosity) 19Flow Velocity and Flow RateFlow Velocity symbol u unit m/sFlow Rate volume : symbol qv unit m3/s mass : symbol w unit kg/s20Forces exer

7、ted on fluidsField or volume 重力 gravitational 离心力 centrifugal 电磁力 electro-magnetic21Unit of pressure：1Pa =1N/m2表示法：绝对(真实)压力(absolute pressure) 真空度(degree of vacuum) 表压(gauge pressure) exchange relations： absolute = atmospheric + gauge absolute = atmospheric - vacuumsurface forces（normal stress ）22扩散

8、现象与扩散定律* Momentum : Newtons viscose Law* Heat: Fouriers (heat conduction) Law* Mass: Ficks (diffusion) LawThe similarity of Momentum, heat and mass diffusions 23Heat diffusion and Fouriers lawEquation 热通量 导热系数 ? heat flux conduction coefficient 负号的意义: 热流方向与温度梯度方向相反 Unit: ? (1.4.13)24Notes to heat co

9、nductivityFrom large to small metalsother solidsliquidsgases heat isolation materials： solids containing gases 25Mass diffusion and Ficks Lawequation (1.4.16) 扩散通量 扩散系数 浓度梯度 diffusion flux diffusion concentration coefficient gradient What are the meanings of negative symbol and the subscript?26diffusion coefficient 绝对温度 （2.5.54)总压 平均碰撞直径 碰撞积分 相对分子质量 常用数据见p102表2.6Molecular diffusion coefficient in gas27 (2.5.56) 玻耳兹曼常数 溶液黏度 溶质分子半径Boltzman Const. Viscosity molecular radius of solution of solute The data are on Table