2021-2022学年湖南省衡阳县清潭中学高考压轴卷英语试卷含答案

1、2021-2022高考英语模拟试卷注意事项：1答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1Lucia impressed her peer students with her musical talent, as well as several foreign languages _.Aon her ownBunder

2、her controlCin her chargeDat her command2She sat on the top of the stairs _ her head on her crossed arms and cried.AforBwhenCwithDwhile3It was from only a few supplies that she had brought in the village _ the hostess cooked such a nice dinner.AwhereBwhenCthatDwhich4Dont leave matches or cigarettes

3、on the table within _ of children.AstretchBexpandCreachDextend5语音知识(共5小题；每小题l分，满分5分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项。并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。6“It might have saved me a lot of money”, Mr. Chen sighed, “_ timely from the stock market this July”.Adid I withdrawBshould I withdrawChave I withdrawnDhad I withd

4、rawn7Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity _ sight matters more than hearing.Awhen Bwhose Cwhich Dwhere8Mark has lived in China for many years, yet he still cant _ himself to the Chinese customs.AobserveBadaptCleadDdevote9-Hows your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautif

5、ul? -It _ be, but it is now heavily polluted.Awill Bwould Cshould Dmust10Im not quite sure how to get there, - Id better _ a map.AwatchBlook upCconsultDread11The government has taken some measures to solve the shortage of electricity, but it will be some time_ the situation improves.AsinceBwhenCunle

6、ssDbefore12 Helen,are you going Io the airport to pick up Jack the day after tomorrow? _ tomorrow night.I would go.AWere he to come backBIf he was about to come backCHad he come backDIf he would come back13With the nuclear crisis worsening in Iran, the worlds attention is fixed again on _is called t

7、he Middle East.AwhichBwhatCthatDit14When it comes to in public, no one can match him.AspeakBspeakingCbeing spokenDbe spoken15_me tomorrow and Ill let you know the lab result.ACallingBCallCTo callDHaving called16He wrote a letter _ he explained what had happened in the accident.AthatBwhichCwhereDwhat

8、17Mike is looking for another job because he feels that nothing he does his boss.AservesBsatisfiesCpromisesDsupports18Some tourists visiting Tian anmen Square during the holiday left a _ of litter everywhere they went.AtrailBdotCchainDtrack19Some experts fear that too-early _ to computers will have

9、harmful consequences for childrens development.AexposureBextensionCexhibitionDexpansion20Are we about to having dinner?Yes, it _ in the dining room.Aserve Bis servingCis being served Dhas been serving第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分）2018 FIRST Robotics Competition GameFIRST POW

10、ER UPSMThe adventure begins on January 6, 2018. Play for real! Combining the excitement of sport with the rigors(严酷)of science and technology. We call FIRST Robotics Competition the ultimate Sport for the Mind. High-school student participants call it “the hardest fun youll ever have”.Team BasicsThe

11、 really cool thing about FIRST Robotics Competition is that all skill levels are welcomed and needed, technical or non-technical. Read more about team basics, time frame, commitment, and skills required.Cost & RegistrationWhat does it cost to participate? There are costs involved with forming a FIRS

12、T Robotics Competition team and they can vary from team to team and region to region depending on what level of participation the team chooses.Here are some basic cost standards:There are never any “per student” fees; all costs for individual team members are assumed by the team as a group.The annua

13、l fees for team registration, a robot kit of parts, and event participation are $5,000$6,000. Additional costs for travel, food, team shirts and other optional items will vary.ScholarshipsA big advantage of participating in FIRST is gaining access to millions in college scholarships made available b

14、y colleges, universities, and corporations who support FIRST. This is exclusive financial help open only to FIRST team members, giving them a competitive leg up on other students seeking educational funds.1、What is really attractive about FIRST Robotics Competition?ACompetitors will ever have the ha

15、rdest fun.BOnly high-level teams are welcomed.CAll skill levels are welcomed.DIt connects science with technology.2、How should the participants pay to attend FIRST Robotics Competition?AAll the participants should pay the same amount of moneyBThe fees depend on the participants team levels and regio

16、ns.CThere are no additional fees besides the basic cost.DThe participants should pay no more than $5, 000.3、Who will get exclusive financial help?AHigh school students.BStudents seeking educational funds.CFirst team members.DCollege students.22（8分） For centuries, medical pioneers have refined a vari

17、ety of methods and medicines to treat sickness, injury, and disability, enabling people to live longer and healthier lives.“A salamander (a small lizard-like animal) can grow back its leg. Why cant a human do the same?” asked Peruvian-born surgeon Dr. Anthony Atala in a recent interview. The questio

18、n, a reference to work aiming to grow new limbs for wounded soldiers, captures the inventive spirit of regenerative medicine. This innovative field seeks to provide patients with replacement body parts.These parts are not made of steel; they are the real things - living cells, tissue, and even organ

19、s.Regenerative medicine is still mostly experimental, with clinical applications limited to procedures such as growing sheets of skin on burns and wounds. One of its most significant advances took place in 499，when a research group at North Carolinas Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine c

20、onducted a successful organ replacement with a laboratory-grown bladder. Since then, the team, led by Dr. Atala, has continued to generate a variety of other tissues and organsfrom kidneys to ears.The field of regenerative medicine builds on work conducted in the early twentieth century with the fir

21、st successful transplants of donated human soft tissue and bone. However, donor organs are not always the best option. First of all, they are in short supply, and many people die while waiting for an available organ; in the United States alone, more than 100,000 people are waiting for organ transpla

22、nts. Secondly, a patients body may ultimately reject the transplanted donor organ. An advantage of regenerative medicine is that the tissues are grown from a patients own cells and will not be rejected by the bodys immune system.Today, several labs are working to create bioartificial body parts. Sci

23、entists at Columbia and Yale Universities have grown a jawbone and a lung. At the University of Minnesota, Doris Taylor has created a beating bioartificial rat heart. Dr. Atalas medical team has reported long-term success with bioengineered bladders implanted into young patients with spina bifida (a

24、 birth defect that involves the incomplete development of the spinal cord). And at the University of Michigan, H. David Humes has created an artificial kidney.So far, the kidney procedure has only been used successfully with sheep, but there is hope that one day similar kidney will be implantable in

25、 a human patient. The continuing research of scientists such as these may eventually make donor organs unnecessary and, as a result, significantly increase individuals chances of survival.1、In the latest field of regenerative medicine, what are replacement parts made of?ADonated cells, tissues and o

26、rgans.BRejected cells, tissues and organs.CCells, tissues and organs of ones own.DCells, tissues and organs made of steel.2、What have scientists experimented successfully on for a bioartificial kidney?APatientsBRatsCSheepDSoldiers3、Why is generative medicine considered innovative?AIt will provide pa

27、tients with replacement soft tissues.BIt will strengthen the human bodys immune system.CIt will shorten the time patients waiting for a donated organ.DIt will make patients live longer with bioartificial organs.4、What is the writers attitude towards regenerative medicine？APositive.BNegative.CDoubtfu

28、l.DReserved.23（8分） As any plane passenger will confirm, a crying baby is almost impossible to ignore, no matter how hard you try. Now scientists believe they may have worked out why. A babys cry pulls at the heartstrings(扣人心弦) in a way while other cries dont, researchers found.Researchers found that

29、 a babys cry can trigger unique emotional responses in the brain, making it impossible for us to ignore themwhether we are parents or not. Other types of cries, including calls of animals in great pain, fail to get the same response, suggesting the brain is programmed to respond specifically to a ba

30、bys cry.A team of Oxford University scientists scanned the brains of 28 men and women as they listened to a variety of calls and cries. After 100 milliseconds roughly the time it takes to blink(眨眼) two parts of the brain that respond to emotion lit up. Their response to a babys cry was particularly

31、strong. The response was seen in both men and womeneven if they had no children.Researcher Dr Christine Parsons said, “You might read that men should just notice a baby and step over it and not see it, but its not true. There is a special processing in men and women, which makes sense from an evolut

32、ionary(演化的) view that both men and women would be responding to these cries.” The study was in people who were not parents, yet they are all responding at 100ms to these particular cries, so this might be a fundamental response present in all of us regardless of parental status.Fellow researcher Kat

33、ie Young said it may take a bit longer for someone to recognize their own childs cries because they need to do more “fine-grained analysis”. The team had previously found that our reactions speed up when we hear a baby crying. Adults performed better on computer games when they heard the sound of a

34、baby crying than after they heard recordings of adults crying.1、A babys cry is difficult to ignore because it _.Akeeps on cryingBcries harder than adultsCcauses people great painDmakes people feel strong emotions2、The underlined word “trigger” in Paragraph 2 probably means “_”.AcauseBremoveCavoidDcu

35、re3、What may Christine Parsons agree to?AA crying baby makes no sense to people without children.BParents can hardly recognize their own babies cries.CMen pay less attention to a crying baby than women.DAlmost everyone makes certain response to a babys cry.4、Whats the main idea of the text?AHow to r

36、ecognize different babies cries.BWhy you cant get a babys cry out of your head.CWhy a baby is easy and likely to cry.DHow to prevent a baby crying.24（8分） Exercise seems to be good for the human brain, with many recent studies suggesting that regular exercise improves memory and thinking skills. But

37、an interesting new study asks whether the apparent cognitive benefits from exercise are real or just a placebo effect that is, if we think we will be “smarter” after exercise, do our brains respond accordingly? The answer has significant implications for any of us hoping to use exercise to keep our

38、minds sharp throughout our lives.While many studies suggest that exercise may have cognitive benefits, recently some scientists have begun to question whether the apparently beneficial effects of exercise on thinking might be a placebo effect. So researchers at Florida State University in Tallahasse

39、e and the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign decided to focus on expectations, on what people anticipate that exercise will do for thinking. If peoples expectations jibe (吻合) closely with the actual benefits, then at least some of those improvements are probably a result of the placebo effec

40、t and not of exercise.For the new study, which was published last month in PLOS One, the researchers recruited 171 people through an online survey system, they asked half of these volunteers to estimate by how much a stretching and toning regimens (拉伸运动) performed three times a week might improve va

41、rious measures of thinking. The other volunteers were asked the same questions, but about a regular walking program.In actual experiments, stretching and toning program generally have little if any impact on peoples cognitive skills. Walking, on the other hand, seems to substantially improve thinkin

42、g ability.But the survey respondents believed the opposite, estimating that the stretching and toning program would be more beneficial for the mind than walking. The estimates of benefits from walking were lower.These data, while they do not involve any actual exercise, are good news for people who

43、do exercise. “The results from our study suggest that the benefits of aerobic exercise are not a placebo effect,” said Cary Stothart, a graduate student in cognitive psychology at Florida State University, who led the study.If expectations had been driving the improvements in cognition seen in studi

44、es after exercise, Mr. Stothart said, then people should have expected walking to be more beneficial for thinking than stretching. They didnt, implying that the changes in the brain and thinking after exercise are physiologically genuine.The findings are strong enough to suggest that exercise really

45、 does change the brain and may, in the process, improve thinking, Mr. Stothart said. That conclusion should encourage scientists to look even more closely into how, at a molecular level, exercise remodels the human brain, he said. It also should encourage the rest of us to move, since the benefits a

46、re, it seems, not imaginary, even if they are in our head.1、Which of the following about the placebo effect is TRUE according to the passage?AIt occurs during exercise.BIt has cognitive benefits.CIt is just a mental reaction.DIt is a physiological response.2、Why did the researchers at the two univer

47、sities conduct the research?ATo discover the placebo effect in the exercise.BTo prove the previous studies have a big drawback.CTo test whether exercise can really improve cognition.DTo encourage more scientists to get involved in the research.3、What can we know about the research Cary Stothart and

48、his team carried out?AThey employed 171 people to take part in the actual exercise.BThe result of the research removed the recent doubt of some scientists.CThe participants thought walking had a greater impact on thinking ability.DTheir conclusion drives scientists to do research on the placebo effe

49、ct.4、What might be the best title for the passage?AIs it necessary for us to take exercise?BHow should people exercise properly?CWhat makes us smarter during exercise?DDoes exercise really make us smarter?25（10分）Our neighbor said the storm lasted four minutes. The town houses are destroyed or damage

50、d. Amazingly, none of us were severely injured.On the day the tornado hit, there was no indication that severe weather was on its way. The first alert my husband, Jimmy, 67, and I, 65, got came around 9 p.m., from some rolling text on the TV Jimmy was watching. He ran upstairs to find me in our thir

51、d-floor bedroom, and we changed the channel to our local Pensacola, Florida, station.No sooner had we found coverage of the tornado than it was on top of us. The bones of the house shook, and the power went out. We had three flights of steps to get to the relatively safe closet down on the first flo

52、or.As we reached the last flight of steps, our front door blew out. Suddenly, a three-foot-long tree branch whipped through the doorframe. It flew over our heads, missing us by inches. Had we been one step up, it would have stuck through us.Finally, Jimmy pushed me down to the closet floor, but he c

53、ouldnt get inside himself because of the wind. I grasped Jimmys arm as the tornado sucked the door open and tried to bring Jimmy with it. My knees and scalp(头皮) were full of glass, but in that moment, I felt no pain. If I had let go, Jimmy would have flown right out the back of the house and into th

54、e bay.All of a sudden, Jimmy lifted off his feet like people in tornadoes do in the movies. I thought he was gone. And then everything stopped. He landed on his feet. In those first quiet moments, I couldnt believe it was over.1、How was the old couple aware of the tornado?AThey learned it from their

55、 neighbors who passed their house.BThey learned it from some common indications before a tornado.CThey found the news report forecasting the tornado on TV.DThey found the tornado on top of them when they were upstairs.2、We can infer from paragraph4 that _AThe old couple was very grateful to the bran

56、ch.BThe old couple missed the branch very much.CThe old couple was hit by the branch on the head.DThe old couple was fortunate to have a narrow escape.3、Why did the old woman feel no pain in paragraph5?ABecause she was worried about her husband.BBecause she was brave enough to bear the pain.CBecause

57、 she didnt actually feel any pain.DBecause she had a good husband to comfort her.4、The passage is most probably taken from _.Aa brochure Ba novelCnewspaper Da magazine第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项26（30分）When I was young I loved taking part in high scho

58、ol musicalsI loved to 1 In one production, I auditioned（试音）like 2 else. My music teacher was38 that I would get a particular part in the music drama. The part I thought I had was a 3 lead who sang some of the most beautiful love songs.But one day the show director pulled me aside. I was 4 to be offe

59、red the leading role. To my disappointment, he said, “Bob, I found a boy with an excellent voice. I need to give the 5 to him.”From that moment on I began hating music class. I 6 that I didnt like what we were singing. My music teacher didnt know why. She 7 me in front of the class and told me I had

60、 changed. She didnt know what I had been told. But when they 8 the finalists, I was given a 9 role. For some time my pride was 10 with having to do something I didnt think I should be doing. But I did it. The minor role I had 11 to be much more fun than I had expected. My performance even 12 my brot