医学博士入学考试词汇

1、aberrantDeviating from the proper or expected course/Deviatingfrom what is normal; untrue to type a. a. 畸变的 ; 异常的 ;脱离常轨的ablateTo remove by erosion, melting, evaporation, or vaporization /To becomeablated; undergo ablation v. 切除，摘除abstinenceTheactor practiceof refraining from indulgingan appetite, as

2、 forfood/Abstention from alcoholic beverages/Self-denial suggests resistingones own desires for the achievement of a higher goal, such as the goodof another personn节制；禁欲achromatopsia n 色盲acnen痤疮，粉刺acoustic relatingtosound, the sense of hearing, or thescience of sound a声学的；听觉的adduceWhen you adduce ev

3、idence of this nature, you must be sure of yoursources/ To cite as an example or means of proof in an argument/ adduceevidence/ He adduced nothing to prove his theory v 引证；提出admonishTo reprove gentlybut earnestly/To remind of something forgotten ordisregarded, as an obligation or a responsibility轻责，

4、告诫温和但诚挚地责备aerobicLivingor occurringonlyin the presence ofoxygen/ an aerobic organism a 需氧的afebrileHaving no fever a 无热的afferentCarryinginward to a centralorgan or section, as nerves thatconductimpulses from the periphery of the body to the brain or spinal cord传入的传入到中央器官或部分的，如从身体的神经末梢周围传导神经冲至大脑或脊柱腱的神

5、经affinityA natural attraction or feeling of kinship/An inherent similarity betweenpersonsor thing/Arelationshipor resemblance in structure betweenspecies that suggests a common origin She feels a strong affinity for himn.亲和力；密切关系agileCharacterized by quickness, lightness, and ease of movement; nimbl

6、e/ anagile mind a 敏捷的，灵活的agitateTo cause to move with violenceor sudden force/To arouse or stir uppublic interest in by use of the written or spoken word; debate v 搅动；激动 , 焦急不安agueA febrile condition in which there are alternating periods of chills, fever,and sweating. Used chiefly inreference to th

7、e fevers associated withmalaria n疟疾；寒颤almightyHaving absolute power; all-powerful/ almighty God a.全能的糟糕透的极端地 ; 非常地alveolusA small angular cavity or pit, such as a honeycomb celln.小窝牙槽肺泡ambientIt is reported that the ambient air over the city is becoming worse andworse a周围的，包围着的；环境的ambiguousOpen tomo

8、rethan one interpretation/ Doubtfulor uncertain /anambiguousreplyobscure 某事物的意思含糊不清 ,或因知识缺乏而难解的 ,vague 模糊的 , 不明确的 ambiguous 有两种或两种以上的解释而意义不明确的n模棱两可的ambulanta能走动的；适宜于下床活动的ameliorateTo make or become better;improve/ameliorate workingconditions v v 改善，改良，转好ameliorate conditions, circumstances, living s

9、tandards, etc 改进情况、改善环境、提高生活水平amenableResponsiveto advice, authority, or suggestion;tractable/Open to testing, criticism, or judgment a 顺从的，有义务的 ;经得起检验的amiableFriendly and agreeable in disposition; good-natured and likable/ Cordial;sociable; congenial/ Good-natured suggests a tolerant, easygoingdisp

10、osition;sometimes it also implies a docilenature/The foreignguests are always amiable to the host when they visit his house a analogueSomething that bears an analogy to something else/ An organ or structurethat is similarin function to one in another kind oforganism but is ofdissimilar evolutionary

11、originn.类似物analogyNo analogy exists between them/ There is an analogy between the waywater moves in waves and the way light travels n. 类似相似 ;比拟 ;类推anesthesiaTotalor partial loss of sensation, especiallytactile sensibility, induced by disease, injury, acupuncture, or an anesthetic, such as chloroform

12、 or nitrous oxide/ Local or general insensibility to pain with or without the loss of consciousness, induced by an anesthetic n感觉缺失；麻醉anestheticgeneral anesthetic/ local anesthetic a麻木的n麻醉剂anguishAgonizing physical or mental pain; torment / To cause to feel or sufferanguish / be in anguish n. 极度的痛苦

13、v感到极度痛苦anhydrousWithout water, especially water of crystallizationa脱水的，无水的asphyxiaaspirate assassinateassessAconditionin whichan extreme decrease in theamount of oxygen in the body accompanied by an increase of carbon dioxide leads to loss of consciousness or death. Asphyxia can be induced by chokin

14、g, drowning, electric shock, injury, or the inhalation of toxic gases. n窒息To draw (something) into the lungs; inhale v 吸出；抽出，吸气To murder (a prominentperson) by surprise attack, as forpoliticalreasonsv暗杀，行刺To determine the value, significance, or extent of; appraise/Damages were assessed at 1000 RMB

15、v.估价，评价animateTo give lifeto; fillwith life/To impartinterest or zest to; enliven/Theassessmentparty was animated by all kinds of men and women” (A smile animatedassether face/His excitement animated us allv使有生气，使活泼；激励animationThe act, process, or result of impartinglife, interest,spirit, motion, or

16、assiduityactivity n 生气，活泼，兴奋；动画片anorexiaLoss of appetite, especially as a result ofdisease anorexia nervosa n.assignmentanoxiaA pathological deficiency of oxygen, especially hypoxiaassimilaten缺氧 (症 )antifebrileCapable of reducing fever; antipyretic. An agent that reduces fever a appallingCausing con

17、sternation or dismay; frightful/appalling food a令人震惊的，骇人听闻的asthmaapparatusn器械，仪器，装置astonishapprehendapprehend eternal truth v理解，领悟；逮捕，拘押；畏惧，忧虑astoundardentExpressingor characterized by warmthof feeling;passionate/ strongatriumenthusiasm or devotion/The ardent hope for the future brought themthrough

18、allthe sufferings during the war/ in an impassioned age, soatropineardent and serious in its pursuit of art a 热情的，热烈的强烈的烈性的attenuatearrhythmiaAn irregularity in the force or rhythm of the heartbeatauscultaten心律不齐auspicearticulateExpressing oneself easily in clear and effective language v 接合 a接合起来的；关

19、节联接的, 有口才的authoritariann.估价，评价An agreeable personality is a great asset;proved herself an asset to thecompany. n.财产；宝贵的人(或物 )Persistentapplicationordiligence;unflaggingeffort/withassiduity/Ivanquished her coldness withmyassiduity. n.刻苦，勤奋He has got a new assignment n.分配，委派，任务， (课外 )作业 America has as

20、similated many outstanding people from all corners of the world/As a qualified lawyer, he has to assimilate the facts, not just remember them/assimilate knowledge/To incorporate and absorb into the mind v. 吸收；同化n气喘，哮喘To fill with sudden wonder or amazement v 使惊讶，使吃惊He was astounded when he heard his

21、 son had taken drugs v使震惊Abodilycavityreceives blood fromthe veins andforces it into a ventriclen心房n阿托品To make slender, fine, or small v 变细 ( 小)；减弱减毒 ; 稀释To examine by auscultation. v. 听诊A sign indicative of future prospects; an omen/ Protection n. 预兆，吉兆unquestioningobedience/againstindividual freed

22、om a 独裁主义的 n独裁主义者autoclaven高压消毒锅auxiliaryGiving assistance or support a. 辅助的 ,从属的n.辅助者助动词battalionA great number n 营；部队；大队 (的人 )beaki: n (鸟的 )嘴； (器皿的 )鸟嘴形口belly-button n脐beriberi n脚气病besetThe project was beset with difficulties.v镶嵌；困扰bicarbonaten碳酸氢盐biliaryOf or relating to bile, the bile ducts, or

23、the gallbladder a. 胆汁的bizarreStrikingly unconventionaland far-fetched instyle orappearance; odd a稀奇古怪的，异乎寻常的blanchTo take the color from; bleach v 漂白；使变白；使 (植物 )不见日光而变白bleachTo remove the color from, as by means of chemical agents or sunlight v. n.blunderHe blundered through the dark forest 大错 v 犯大错

24、 ;慌乱地走blurTears blur my eyes / To become indistinct v 弄脏； (使 )模糊不清bombard v炮击；轰炸；攻击 , 痛斥bondn结合；契约；债券bondageA state of subjection to a force, a power, or an influence n 奴役，束缚botanicalOf or relating to plants or plant life a 植物学的，植物的boutA contest between antagonists; a match, a wrestling bout n 一回；发作

25、breachin breach of contract n. 破坏；破裂 ;breathtakinga惊人的，激动人心的bronchitisn支气管炎bronchusn支气管brothThe water in which meat, fish, or vegetables have been boiled; stock肉汤brutala brutal winter in the Arctic a 残忍的，令人难受的buccala颊的；口腔的bulgen v肿胀；膨出；隆起 (物 )bumbleThe old lady kept bumbling on aboutsomething, but n

26、obodycouldunderstand her v犯大错；结巴地讲话；踉跄buoyn浮标，救生圈burglarOne who commits burglary /burglar alarm n窃贼calamityWar is a frightful calamity/ A hurricane would be acalamity for this low-lying coastal region. n灾害 ,祸患 ,不幸事件callousHis behavior on that occasion was extremely callousa 起老茧的 ;无感觉的 ; 冷淡的callushar

27、dened tissue n胼胝；骨痂，接骨质皮肤的硬结组织cancellousHaving an open, latticed, or porous structure. Usedespecially of bone. a 网眼状的；海绵状的；网状骨质的candidTo be candid, I dont agree 坦率地说，我不同意 Free from prejudice;impartial/ Characterized by opennessand sincerity of expression;unreservedly straightforward a 公正的 , 正直的；坦率的c

28、aninen犬齿cankerUlceration of the mouth and lips n 溃疡；口疮cannulan套管，插管captionA title or heading, as of a document or articlen 章节，文章等 ;标题；解说词字幕cardinalThis is a matter of cardinal significance a.主要的，基本的；深红的cariesn龋；骨疡；骨疽cartilagen软骨cartridge（电唱机）针头 录音带盒 n弹药筒；子弹；软片，胶卷casualtyAn accident, especially one i

29、nvolvingseriousinjury or loss of life n 严重伤亡事故 ;伤亡人员catalystmodifies and increases the rate of a reaction withoutbeing consumed in the process v. n.catastropheA great, often sudden calamity n. 大灾难，大变动catercater for the need of the customers v 迎合，投合；供应伙食 (for)cinerarya灰的；骨灰的cathetern导管circadianRelati

30、ng to or exhibiting approximately 24-hour periodicity生理节奏CatholicOf broad or liberal scope; comprehensive a 天主教的 n天主教徒的causticcaustic remarks a腐蚀性的； n腐蚀剂circumscribeTo limit narrowly TheirlifewasceleritySwiftness of action or motion; speed. n 迅速 ,敏捷extremely circumscribed, with long hours of study a

31、nd few of play v.在celeryn芹菜周围划线限制约束celiacOf or relating to the abdomen or abdominal cavityacircusn马戏场，杂技场；马戏团celluloseA complex carbohydrate that is composed ofcirrhosisliver characterized by the replacement of normalglucose units n纤维素tissue with fibrous tissue and the loss of functional liver cells

32、n硬变；cephalica. Located on, in, or near the head cerebral hemisphere 大肝硬化脑半球citrusn柠檬；柑橘cerebellumn. 小脑 The trilobed structure of the brain, lyingclamo(u)rv n吵闹，叫喊posterior to the pons and medulla oblongata and inferior to the occipitalclaspA grip or grasp of the hand n 扣子，钩子 v扣住 ;紧握，紧抱lobes of the c

33、erebral hemispheres, that is responsible for the regulationclavicleEither of two slender bones in human beings thatand coordination of complex voluntary muscular movement as wellasextend from the manubrium of the sternum to the acromion of thethe maintenance of posture and balance. 脑的三裂叶状组织，位于脑桥scap

34、ula. n和延髓之后脑半球的枕叶下面，负责调节和协调复杂的自发肌肉运cleavagen劈开；分裂；卵裂动，同时负责保持身体姿势的平衡cleavecleave to one wife/To split with or as ifwith a sharp instrument.cerebrumIt controls and integrates motor, sensory, and higherv粘着 ,粘住；坚持；依恋mental functions, such as thought, reason, emotion, and memory n cleavev (cleft ； cleft

35、or cloven) 劈开 ;把 , 分成几个小部分char ladyv n打杂， (做 )家庭杂务 打杂女工climactericAperiodoflifechloriden氯化物 A binary compound of chlorinecharacterized by physiological and psychic change that marks the end ofchlorinen氯 (气 )the reproductive capacity of women and terminates with the completionchlorophyln叶绿素of menopau

36、se.choleraAn acute infectious disease of the small intestine,clumsyYou are clumsy! Youre knocked over my cup of coffee a 笨拙的，愚caused by the bacterium笨的cholesteroll a precursor to steroid hormonesclutchv抓住，攫住n胆固醇coagulatev凝结，凝固chroniclea precursor to steroid hormones presented in chronological ordera

37、ndcolicappendicular colic 阑尾绞痛 n绞痛 ,急腹痛 a. 绞痛的 ;结肠的without authorial interpretation or comment n 编年史；历史，记事colitisn结肠炎cilian睫；纤毛collideWhen truths collide, compromise becomes the first casualty碰撞冲突抵触compromiseSuchconduct will compromise your reputation/A settlement ofcollocationEnglish collocations n

38、排列；搭配；differences in which each side makes concessions/A concession to配置something detrimental or pejorative vn. 妥协折衷colloid n/a胶体 (的 )，胶质 (的 ) The particulate matter socompulsiveA person with behavior patterns governed by a compulsion a 强迫的suspended.有强迫力colloquialCharacteristic of or appropriate to

39、theconceitafavorable and especially unduly high opinion of ones own abilitiesspoken language a口语的，会话的or worth/No one admires a man who is full of conceit. n 自负 ,自高colonelA commissioned rank in the U.S. Army, Air Force, or自大 ;想法 ,个人的意见Marine Corps that is above lieutenant colonel and below brigadierc

40、onceiveHalf a century ago its difficult toconceive of travelling to thegeneral.上校moon/The baby was conceived in February and born in November v.colossal n巨像的，巨大 in ones colossal ignorance想构想以为怀胎怀有combustionn燃烧；氧化concessionThe bosss promise to increase the workers pay was a concession tocometn慧星union

41、 demands/a mining concession 迁就，让步 ,许权；租界commencecommence learning English/commence in arts v 开始concomitantcurring or existing concurrently; attendant/concomitant circumstances acommencement A ceremony at which academic degrees or diplomas are conferred伴随的；伴发的n开始；学位授予典礼 (日 ); 毕业典礼 (日 )concordThe two

42、 tribes lived in concord/ live in concord with sb.n 和谐；协调commentHe made a comment about the bad road n. v解说，评论，意见conduciveExercise is conducive to health a 有助于 , 的，有益的compactgarbage that compacts easily a紧密的，坚实的 v压缩conduitnA pipe or channel for conveying fluids, such as partmentvascular compartment/

43、a smoking compartment n 分隔 ,空间；隔室congenitalthe congenital American optimism that deniescompass n罗盘，指南针conflicts and imagines all stories having happy endings a 先天的，compassionDeep awareness of the suffering of another coupled with the wish to天生的relieve it/Her heart was filledwith compassion for the m

44、otherlesscongestThe main streets in the centre of the city are always very congested/ Tochildren n. 同情怜悯cause the accumulation of excessive blood or tissue fluid in v 充满；compatibleTheirmarriage came to anend because they were simply not拥挤；充血compatible with each other a 相容的；一致的conjectureThe commentat

45、ors made various conjectures about the outcome ofcompatriotJohn and Jean are compatriots because they both come from Irelandthe next election. v 推测；假设compileWe are compiling an English dictionary for students v 编辑编制搜集conjoinv To join or become joined together; unite汇编conjugate n结合，使成对 , 直径complacenc

46、eContented self-satisfaction. Total lack of concern n. 自满，自鸣得意conjunctivan结膜complexion na good complexion/the complexion ofconjunctureA critical set of circumstances; a crisisn结合；紧要关头the war 肤色情况局面气质性格conscience His conscience troubled him after he took themoney n.良心良知conscientiouss Be conscientious

47、 and make a good job ofpublishing a 认真的；诚心诚意的；谨慎的consciousHe is hurt but still conscious/I was conscious of herpresence. a有意识的知觉的consecutivefour consecutive weeks/ The number 4, 5, 6 are consecutive a 连续的，连贯的；顺序的consensusWhat is the consensus of opinion at the afternoon meeting? n 一致；舆论；同感，交感consent

48、I asked my mother if I could go out, and she consented/ Has theminister consented to have his speech printed? v n同意，答应consequencen 后果，影响；重要性consequentthe earthquake and the consequent confusion a作为结果的，随后发生的 n当然的结果，推论conservationThe act or process of conserving./There is a need for the conservationof

49、 trees, or there will soon be no forests/ Conservation of water is ofgreat importance in desert areas/ the conservation of energy 能量守恒 n保存，保护；守恒conservePeople have to learn to conserve water anytime, especially duringthe drought v 保存，保藏；保养consideratecareful thought; deliberate a 考虑周到的，体谅的considerati

50、onPlease give the problem your careful consideration. n 考虑，思考；体谅consoleWe tried to console her when her mother died butit was very difficult.v安慰，慰问consolidateThe two banks willconsolidate in July next year. Several smallbusinesses are planning to consolidate to form a large powerful company.v 巩固，加强；

51、合并;联合consonanceact in consonance with the requirements of the occasion/ in consonancewith n 调和 ;一致 ;共鸣conspicuousEasy to notice; obvious/several conspicuous errors/ Shes alwaysconspicuous because of her bright clothes and queer hair style/ He wasconspicuous for his bravery. a 明显的 惹人注目的constipationOb

52、struction n 便秘constituentA constituent part; a component / constituentassembly 立宪会议 /constituent corporation 子公司 a形成的，组成的n选举人投票人；成分，人的本质constitute7 days constitute a week/ To amount to; equal/ constitute new trafficregulations v 组成，构成constitutionHe has a weak constitution n 构成，机构 ,成分 ,体格 ,体质；宪法const

53、raintignored all moral constraints in hispursuit of success、 underinconstraintn强逼，强制；紧张感，紧张状态constrictlives constricted by poverty v 压缩，收缩；阻塞consultTo seek advice or information of/I consulted George about buying a carv商量，咨询 ;会诊consultantThe consultant committee met at the call of the chairman.顾问委员会

54、应主席的召集而开会 n请教者；商议者；顾问 ,会诊医生consumeHis old car consumed much gasoline v 消费，消耗consumptionThe nations consumption of coal decreased continuously last year n 消费，消耗；肺结核；contactFriendly contacts between different peoples facilitate the cultural andeconomic interchange/She comes intocontact with manypeople

55、/Thetwo wires were in contact.v. n接触，联系，交往contagiousHer laughters contagious!/acontagiousdiseasea.传染的containBeer contains alcohol/The speech contained some interesting ideasv.容纳 ,含有，装有containern.容器 ,集装箱contaminateThe river was contaminated with wastev.弄脏 ,污染；传染contaminationThe actor process of conta

56、minating/contamination ofthe riverbyindustrial wasten.污染contemplateThe young surgeon contemplated the difficult operationof kidneytransplant /To look at attentively and thoughtfully/contemplated the problem from all sides/contemplate marriage v. 注视 ,沉思；期待 ,仔细考虑contemporaryBelonging to the same perio

57、d of time/He and I were contemporaries atschool a现代的，当代的 n.同时代的人，同年龄的人contemptShe lives in contempt. 她在屈辱中生活n轻蔑，藐视；受辱,丢脸contendThe man contend that it was not his fault v 竞争，斗争；争论contentShe is content withvery little. 她易于满足 We should never contentourselves with a little book knowledge only. n 内容，目录；

58、容量，含量 n a满足 (的)，甘愿 (的 )contesta beauty contest/A struggleforsuperiority or victorybetweenrivals.v 竞赛，比赛contextn上下文，前后关系continenceSelf-restraint; moderation/ Partialorcomplete abstention from sexualactivity.continentAfrica is a continent n 大陆，洲contingentHappening by chance or accident; Have theScotti

59、sh contingent arrived yet?/ a contingent event a 可能 (发生 )的，偶然的，意外的；应急的n意外事件；代表团；小分队contourThe contourof the Atlantic coast of America is veryirregular n 轮廓，外形contraceptive Capable of preventing conceptiona避孕的 n避孕药物用具contractn契约，合同，包工 v收缩；得 (病 )contractileCapable of contracting or causing contraction

60、 a 可收缩的contractorproject contractor 工程承包n订约人；承包人；收缩肌contradictIts difficult to contradict someone politely /To deny the statement of.v反驳；同 , 矛盾，同 , 抵触contradictionYour statements today are incontradiction with what you saidyesterday v矛盾；反驳contraindicatev禁忌 contraindication n. 禁忌征象 -contralaterala对侧的