专四语言知识2附答案

1、专四语言知识2There are some sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your answer sheet.52. Agriculture is the countrys chief source of wealth, wheat _ by far the biggest ce

2、real crop. 单选题 *A) isB) beenC) beD) being(正确答案)答案解析：在这里wheat being by far the biggest cereal crop是独立主格结构，用来表示解释说明，再例如：Almost all the metals are good conductors，with silver being the best几乎所有的金属都是好导体，银是最好的导体。53. Jack _ from home for two days now, and I am beginning to worry about his safety. 单选题 *A)

3、has been missing(正确答案)B) has been missedC) had been missingD) was missed答案解析：解析考点：语法规则和词汇知识。因为说话的参照点是现在，因而在讲述一个持续到现在的事件应用现在完成时。missing表示“失踪”的状态。译文杰克到现在已有两天没回家了。我开始为他的安全担心起来。54. Above the trees are the hills, _ magnificence the river faithfully reflects on the surface. 单选题 *A) whereB) of whoseC) whos

4、e(正确答案)D) which答案解析：解析考点：语法规则。Whose 在其引导的定语从句中充当定语。Whose magnificence在从句中是reflect 的宾语。B中of 是多余的。我们可以举一个出现 of whose的例子：Above the trees are the hills ,of whose magnificence he often speaks,显然这里的of 是与speak搭配的。若用which ，必须说：the magnificence of which.译文 树林上面是群山，河水将其雄伟逼真地倒映在水面上。55. Who _ was coming to see

5、me in my office this afternoon? 单选题 *A) you saidB) did you say(正确答案)C) did you say thatD) you did say答案解析：根据句型结构，应该是一般疑问句的句式，因此正确答案是B。56. Does Alan like hamburgers? Yes. So much _ that he eats them almost every day. 单选题 *A) forB) asC) toD) so(正确答案)答案解析：so much so that作“如此以至于”讲，例如：At sports meet，if w

6、hite and black are present，they support opposing sides and the result is frictionso much so that in many grounds only whites are allowed在体育项目上，如果黑人和白人都在场，他们分别支持对立方，结果就会产生摩擦，摩擦的结果是只有白人才能上场。He could see that she had been patient all her life，so much so that now，after years of it，her lips were set in a

7、 gentle and saintly smile他看得出，她一生都很有耐心，经过多年的忍耐以后，现在她的嘴边总挂着一丝温柔、圣洁的微笑。57. Your ideas, _ , seem unusual to me. 单选题 *A) like herB) like hers(正确答案)C) similar to herD) similar to herself答案解析：根据句子结构，这里要使用名词性物主代词hers，来指代her ideas。例如：Womans dearest delight is to wound mans self-conceit，though mans dearest d

8、elight is to gratify hers女人最大的乐事是伤害男人的自负心理，男人最大的乐事却是满足女人的自负心理。58. The opening ceremony is a great occasion. It is essential _ for that. 单选题 *A) for us to be prepared(正确答案)B) that we are preparedC) of us to be preparedD) our being prepared答案解析：解析考点：语法规则和词汇知识。for us to be prepared for that为不定式复合结构，在句子

9、中充当真正的主语(it 是形式主语)。essential还可以用于下列结构：It is essential that，但that从句中的谓语动词需要用虚拟语气形式，所以B不对。essential不引导动名词复合结构，所以D也不对。essential强调所要做的事，而非描述做事的人，所以C也不妥。译文开幕式是一个很重大的场合。我们必须为此做好准备。59. Time _ , the celebration will be held as scheduled. 单选题 *A) permitB) permitting(正确答案)C) permittedD) permits答案解析：解析 此处应填入表示

10、主动含义的非谓语动词，与time构成独立主格结构。答案是B。60. _ I like economics, I like sociology much better. 单选题 *A) As much asB) So muchC) How muchD) Much as(正确答案)答案解析：本题译文：尽管我很喜欢经济学，但我更喜欢社会学。as much as表示“和一样多”；so much表示“许多”；how much表示“有多少(修饰不可数名词)”；用as引导让步状语从句时，常把形容词或副词置于句首，所以much as符合题意。61. It is futile to discuss the ma

11、tter further, because _ going to agree upon anything today. 单选题 *A) neither you nor I areB) neither you nor me amC) neither you nor I am(正确答案)D) neither me nor you are答案解析：由neithernor连接的两个名词或代词共同作主语时，谓语动词应与后一个主语的人称和数一致，例如：If law and order is not preserved，neither the citizen nor his property is safe

12、如果法律和秩序得不到维护，公民的人身和财产就得不到安全。Neither Russia nor the United States has been able to discover a mutually satisfactory program for gradual disarmament俄国和美国双方都没能找到一个能使双方都满意的分阶段裁军的方案。Time cures sorrows and squabbles because we all change，and are no longer the same personsNeither the offender nor the offen

13、ded is the same时间可以治愈忧伤，消除争吵，因为我们都在改变，都不再与从前一样了。不管是触犯者和被触犯者都已不是从前的那个人了。62. They overcame all the difficulties and completed the project two months ahead of time, _ is something we had not expected. 单选题 *A) which(正确答案)B) itC) thatD) what答案解析：which引导的修饰整个主句的非限制性定语从句，一般是对主句的内容作进一步的说明，相当于一个并列分句，此时which可

14、用and this代替，例如：She married Joe，which surprised everyone她嫁给了乔，这使大家都感到意外。Liquid water changes to vapor，which is called evaporation液态水变为蒸汽，这个过程叫作蒸发。Friction wears away metal of the moving parts，which shortens their effective working life摩擦会使运动部件的金属磨损，这就会缩短其有效使用期。63. He is quite worn out from years of h

15、ard work. He is not the man _ he was twenty years ago. 单选题 *A) whichB) that(正确答案)C) whoD) whom答案解析：解析 考点：语法知识。这里the man并不表示某个人，而是强调某个状态、属性或身份，所以不用C或D。that在从句中作表语，which作表语时一般引导非限制性从句，如：He was no longer stronga student，which he was twenty years ago这时不能用that代替。另一个值得知道的表达方式是：He was not what he was twent

16、y years ago译文多年的辛劳使他十分衰弱。他不再是二十年前的他了。64. She would have been more agreeable if she had changed a little bit, _? 单选题 *A) hadnt sheB) hasnt sheC) wouldnt she(正确答案)D) didnt she答案解析：本题译文：如果她能改变一点点，她会更讨人喜欢，不是吗 此句为虚拟语气，其反意疑问句需要根据主句谓语动词来决定，所以would have been的反意疑问形式应是wouldnt。65. I parked my bike behind the b

17、uilding, but now its gone. It _. 单选题 *A) may be stolenB) must be stolenC) must have been stolen(正确答案)D) must have stolen答案解析：情态动词用法题。此处应用过去完成语态表示对过去发生的事情的推测，且应为被动语态，所以正确答案为C。66. I suppose these apples are for _. 单选题 *A) us three(正确答案)B) we threeC) our threeD) three us答案解析：数量词用法题。for为介词，因此后面应用宾格，所以B和

18、C错误。表示我们三个，可以说three of us，也可以说us three。因此正确答案为A。67. _ the end of the film, more and more people left the cinema. 单选题 *A) ToB) OnC) ByD) Towards(正确答案)答案解析：介词词义辨析题。表示一个动态过程，因此所选介词也应具有该意义，而在诸选项中，只有D towards表示动态过程，其余都连接确定的某一时间点，因此答案为D。68. At three thousand feet, wide plains begin to appear, and there is

19、 never a moment when some distant mountain is not _. 单选题 *A) on viewB) at a glanceC) on the sceneD) in sight(正确答案)答案解析：解析 根据句意可判断出答案为D。in sight表示“可见，看得见，在望，不远”，如：Peace was in sight. 和平在望。其余三个词组的意思分别为：A项“展览着，上映着”、B项“看一眼，马上”和C项“出现，登场”。69. The first two stages in the development of civilized man were p

20、robably the invention of weapons and the discovery of fire, although nobody knows exactly when he acquired the use of the _. 单选题 *A) latter(正确答案)B) latestC) laterD) last答案解析：本题译文：在人类文明的发展中，最初的两个阶段很可能是武器的发明和火的发现，尽管没有人确切地知道后者开始使用的时间。the latter是习惯用法，表示“后者”，符合句意；latest“最新的”；later“更迟的”；last“最后的”。70. It w

21、ill take us twenty minutes to get to the railway station, _ traffic delays. 单选题 *A) acknowledgingB) affordingC) allowing for(正确答案)D) accounting for答案解析：考点 短语动词辨析 allow for可用来表示to make provision for，to plan for in case of need，意思是“考虑到某种可能性/ 对某种意外作出预先安排”；afford表示“提供；供应得起”；acknowledge 表示“承认某物的存在、真相或事实”

22、；account for表示“解决；占；说明”等。译文 考虑到交通耽搁，我们去火车站需要花20分钟。71. He will have to _ his indecent behaviour one day. 单选题 *A) answer toB) answer for(正确答案)C) answer backD) answer about答案解析：本题译文：总有一天他要对他的卑劣行为负责的。answer for“为负责”，符合句意；answer to“符合”；answer back“回嘴，顶嘴”；answer about没有这种搭配。72. With _ exceptions, the form

23、er president does not appear in public now. 单选题 *A) rare(正确答案)B) unusualC) extraordinaryD) unique答案解析：本题译文：除了极个别情况下，前任总统很少会在公共场合露面。rare“稀有的，难得的，特别的”，强调事情发生的几率很少，符合句意；unusual“不平常的，异常的”；extraordinary“非常的，特别的，额外的”；unique“唯一的，独特的”。73. We have been hearing _ accounts of your work. 单选题 *A) favouredB) favo

24、urable(正确答案)C) favouriteD) favouring答案解析：解析 从句意上分析，B项正确。favorable表示“赞成的，有利的，赞许的”，如：I hope you will give favorable consideration to my suggestion. 我希望你对我的建议作出肯定的表示。74. During the summer holiday season there are no _ rooms in this seaside hotel. 单选题 *A) emptyB) blankC) desertedD) vacant(正确答案)答案解析：解析 近

25、形近义题。所填词修饰rooms，Dvacant“空着的，未被占用的”常用来形容职位、职务、房间等，指暂时没有被占用的，符合句意，所以D是答案。Aempty“空的”，empty rooms指里面没有家具的或串无一人的房间；Bblank“空白的，无字的”指没有写、印刷或做过标记的，比如a blank page(空白的一页)；C deserted“被遗弃的，荒废的”。句意 暑假旺季时，这个海滨旅馆根本没有空着的房间。75. Drive straight ahead, and then you will see a _ to the Shanghai-Nanjing Expressway. 单选题 *

26、A) sign(正确答案)B) markC) signalD) board答案解析：解析 sign指“告示，标语，牌示，牌子”，如：The sign by the road said No Parking. 路边的牌子上写着“禁止停车”。76. Whenever possible, Ian _ how well he speaks Japanese. 单选题 *A) shows upB) shows aroundC) shows off(正确答案)D) shows out答案解析：考点 短语动词辨析 show up表示“揭露；露面；出现”；show sbaround表示“带某人参观”；show off表示“炫耀；炫示”；show sbout表示“带某人出去”。译文 只要可能，伊恩总会炫示自己的日语讲得好。77. The tenant left nothing behind except some _ of paper, cloth, etc. 单选题 *A) sheetsB) scraps(正确答案)C) pagesD) slices答案解析：解析考点：词语辨析。sheet，scrap和page都可以与paper连用，但sheet和page不可以与cloth连用。scraps o