《英语教学法》第11章teaching Reading

1、Unit 11 Teaching Reading书是人类进步的阶梯。Knowledge is power. Aims of the unit 1. How do people read?2. What do people read?3. What are the skills involved in reading?4. What is the role of vocabulary in reading?5. What are the principles and models for teaching reading?6. What procedures and types of activ

2、ities can we use in teaching reading?First memories of reading?What/ Where? Whom?Favorite reading as a child?Books? Authors? Genres?firstFavorite reading as an adult?Books? Authors? Genres?Any books or authors that have influence you tremendously?Opinions of the roles, purposes and benefits of readi

3、ngHow do we read?Reading aloud and silent readingWhats the difference between them?Reading aloudMannerSpeedPurpose(s)Form of activityLevel of difficulty in classroom management SkillsinvolvedReading aloudSilent readingMannerUtterance of every wordSilentSpeedUsually slowUsually fastPurpose(s)Usually

4、for sharing information.sometimes for appreciation or memorisation for getting information and also for pleasureForm of activityCollective activityIndividual activityLevel of difficulty in classromm management Easy to manage as it can be observed and heardDifficult to manage as teachers cannot see w

5、hat is going on in the students mindSkillsinvolvedPronunciation and intonation SkimmingScanningPredicting Guessing unknown words from the contextUnderstanding detailsUnderstanding relations between sentences and paragraphsUnderstanding references Making inferencesEvaluating the writers attitudes and

6、 opinions, etc. What is the main purpose for reading aloud?What is the main purpose for silent reading?What do effective readers do?What do we read?Strategies involved in reading comprehensionSpecifying a purpose for readingPredicting the contents of the textSkimming the text for the main ideaScanni

7、ng the text for specific information Posing questions about the textMaking inferencesPrinciples for teaching reading *texts accessible to the students *task clearly given in advance *tasks designed to encourage selective and intelligent reading for the main meaning *tasks should help develop student

8、s reading skills*teachers should help students develop their reading strategies and reading ability *teacher should provide enough guidance and assistance at the beginning but gradually withdraw the guidance so that they eventually become independent readers Bottom-up modelTop-down modelInteractive

9、modelPre-reading activitiesWhile-readingactivitiesPost-readingactivitiesThe stages of teaching readingStage OneActivityPre-reading activitiesPredicting预测1)Predicting based on the title2)Predicting based on vocabulary3)Predicting based on the T/F questionsSetting the scene创设情境Skimming略读Scanning快读Stag

10、e Two ActivitiesWhile-reading activitiesUsing transition devices:Pictures, Drawings, Maps, Tables, Tree diagrams, Cyclic diagrams, Pie charts, Bar charts, Flowcharts, Chronological sequence, Subtitles, NotesReading comprehension questions:1)Questions of literal comprehension 2)Questions involving re

11、organisation or reinterpretation 3)Questions for inferences 4)Questions for evaluation or appreciation5)Questions for personal responseUnderstanding referencesMaking inferencesStage Three ActivitiesPost-reading activitiesDiscussion Reproducing the textRole playGap-fillingRetellingPredicting based on

12、 the titleStep 1. What do you think of when you read the title “A Nation of Pet-Lovers”, “Save the jungle” “Police hunt for child”Step 2. You have two minutes to go over the directions on P186 in the textbook.Step 3. Whod like to come to the front and give a mini demonstration. * * * *Task 7A Nation

13、 of Pet-Lovers: It is about how people love pets in Britain.Save the Jungle: Save the World: The text is about the decreasing forests in South America.Police Hunt for Child: A child is missing and the police are looking for him.Task 8Work in pairs. Predict the contents of the text entitled “Drinking

14、 while driving.” When you are ready, join another pair to compare your predicitions. Also, discuss the clues that helped you make the predictions. DRINKING WHILE DRIVINGWhich ten words will be appeared in the following article? Danger , function, blood alcohol content , management, license suspensio

15、n , reject, jail time , money, interview, deaths, concern,fatal crashes, purpose, advantage, attention, arrest, occur, drunk, accidents ,injures,Drinking while drivingDrinking While Driving We all know that when we drive while intoxicated or even drunk we expose ourselves to high danger. Of course,

16、drinking while driving is even worse, adding distraction to the mix. Statistics consistently show large numbers of drivers with high blood alcohol content (BAC) that are at increased risk of car accidents, highway injuries and vehicular deaths. Until recently, all measures of prevention were limited

17、 to license suspension or revocation, impounding or confiscating vehicle plates, enforcing open container bans, increasing fines or jail for repeat drunk driving arrests, mandating education for young people and lowering legal BACs. Now some officials are considering harsher punishments such as mand

18、atory jail time and permanent vehicle forfeiture.On the plus side, more and more people are thinking of effective and practical ways to stay sober or to avoid driving after (or while) consuming alcohol. Every single injury and death caused by drunk driving can be prevented. Unfortunately, every year

19、 in the United States a large percentage of all traffic accidents are caused by drunk drivers. This is why drunken driving is still a serious national concern that each year tragically affects many thousands of people. Its easy to forget that dry statistics represent real people and real lives. Most

20、 drivers who have had something to drink have low blood alcohol content or concentration (BAC) and few are involved in fatal crashes.Task 9Read the following statements about how to behave at a job interview.Predicting based on the T/F questionsStep 1. Do you know how to behave at a job interview? P

21、lease tick the statements in the box on P188 that you think are true.Step 2. Turn to P331 and read the article “How to shine at an interview” and do the exercise again.2. Do not try to dominate the interview. (T-Myth 3)4. If necessary, disagree with the interviewer. (T-Myth 5)Task 10 Read the follow

22、ing text quickly and decide how you would design a “setting the scene ” activity. ESKIMOSTask 11Pre-reading activities-skimming which means reading quickly to get the gist. (=Main idea)On “A city is dying” and “Save the children” P333-4Ask general questions (avoid detailed ones)Provide 3-4 statement

23、s and one of them represents the main idea. Ask students to read the text and decide which statement is the correct one.Provide subtitles for different parts of a text and asks students to put them in the right place.Answer the following Questions:Whats the purpose of the writer to write the article

24、 ?What cause the dying of the city ?Pick one of the statements as main idea.Read the four Statements and decide which express the main idea.Pollution is Athens most serious problem.Noise is Athens serious problem.Athens government has taken actions to solve pollution and population problem.Pollution

25、 and over-population are the Athens two greatest problems which is now getting the attention of the government.Here are the four subtitles for the different parts of the text, put them in the right place. Athens is getting attention of the government which has taken some actions.More people are stil

26、l moving to the city.Overpopulation has caused Athens overcrowded and poor transport. Noise is another problem confronting Athenians. Task 12 Study the text “A city is dying ”and write five questions for scanning practice. Then ask your partner these questions and see if he or she finds the answers

27、too easy or too difficult. Questions:1. What is the population density in Athens?2. How many people move to Athens from outlying provinces every year?3. What will the population be by the year 2000?4. What are the biggest problems confronting Athenians?5. The following words will be used in the arti

28、cle : smart, hinterland, outlying, stay out. Predict their meanings. Answers:1. 3.7 million people are crammed in 135 square. 2. About 120,000people. 3. 6.5 million. 4. Noise and pollution. 5. “Smart”: To cause or feel a painful stinging sensation“hinterland”: the inner part of a country“outlying”:

29、distant, remote“stay put” to remain in one placeScan the text and find words about being crowded and polluted.Words about being “crowded”: jammed, packed, overcrowded, crammedWords about being polluted”: stinking, smog, dirty, contaminated, waste, garbageMore scanning tasks: Scan for tense forms, di

30、scourse connectors, or particular sentence structures. (P191)Task 13 Task 15Predicting based on vocabularyPredict the lexical items in the given list that you think are likely to occur in the text about earthquake and then read the text and confirm your predictions . See who predict the most.Shake,

31、trench , dig, magnitude, rescue (degree of the earthquake ), Richter scale, draw back, injure, huge, wave, carried inland, dragged out, tremor (tremble), flood, dislodge (move away ), brush, sea- storm, sea-bed, sink, massive, wrench, aftershocks, casualties (numbers of died and injured people), eno

32、rmous, typhoon, survivor, collapse, terrible, descend (get down), ascend, intact (remaining uninjured), Here are some T/F questions, please predict if the statements are true or false and then read the text and check if you have made the right predictions1. A huge rug-like rock has been pulled from

33、under Tokyo Bay. T/F2.The earthquake came from a trench. T/F3. The tremors dislodged part of a hillside brushing trains, stations and bodies into the water below. T/F4. There were no lucky survivors. T/F5. She and her bath gracefully descended to the street, leaving both her and the bath water intac

34、t. T/F1.F 2.T 3.T 4.F 5.TTask 16Text 1To draw a picture and label themText 2-The best way is to ask students read the text and draw a picture according to the instructions. Text 3An easy task is to ask students to read the text and draw a flowchart to indicate the water cycle. Text 4 Personal inform

35、ation about the property ownerName: Monty BallAddress: 26 Ash Avenue, ManchesterOffice number: 4837692Descriptions of lost propertyBriefcase: black and made of leatherone of those flat sided ones; lunch and a few papers in itCircumstances the property was lostOn the 8:30 train to Stockport. Text 5To

36、 draw a tableText 6 A flowchart is best for this text. Students read the text and draw a flowchart to indicate the process of making gowns. Cloth clothFactory Cutting roomSewing roomsleeves, pockets and botts are putonFinished Examined Clothes are foldedThe price and the size are writtenSent by trai

37、n or by lorrySold in shopsText 7To take a note while readingTask 8TimeThings1935Elvis Presley was born in Mississipi1948His family moved to Memphis, Tennessee1954Made his first single “Thats All Right, Mama”1955Elvis appeared on TV in New York1956He went to Hollywood and made his first film. 1956-19

38、58He had many hit records1958He joined the American army and went to Germany. 1977Died of a heart attack on 16 Aug, 1977. Task 17While-reading activitiesReading comprehension questionsQuestions of literal comprehensionQuestions involving reorganisation or reinterpretationQuestions for inferencesQues

39、tions for evaluation or appreciationQuestions for personal responseWhile-reading activitiesReading comprehension questionsQuestions of literal comprehension 字面意思的理解 -answers are directly and explicitly expressed in the text.2.Questions involving reorganisation or reinterpretation 归纳解释题to obtain lite

40、ral information from various parts of the text3.Questions for inferences判断题 -to consider what is implied but not explicitly stated4.Questions for evaluation or appreciation评论题 -to make judgement about what the writer is trying to do .5.Questions for personal response. 个性化问题 -the readers reaction to

41、the content of the text rather than the writers such as Type 4 questions.Study the text “A city is dying ” and design one question for each type of the questions we have discussed above. Task 18The idea of evolution (which (the idea of evolution) is gradual change) was not a new one (idea). The Gree

42、ks had thought of it (the idea of evolution) , so had Erasmus Darwin, the grandfather of Charles, and also the Frenchman, Lanarck. It (to have an idea) is one thing to have an idea: we can all of us guess and sometimes make a lucky guess. It (to produce a proof of the correctness of that idea) is quite another thing to produce a proof of th