高考英语短文改错解题技巧

1、高考短文改错专题考纲解读旨在考察考生发现、判断和纠正语篇错误的能力，及考察考生在语篇中综合运用语言的能力；考生首先需要找出短文中的错误，然后，按照题目要求及错误的形式标上相应的符号，纠正错误；错误的形式分别为缺词、多词和错词。选材特点满分10分，100个单词左右的短文，10处错误；错误类型包括词法、句法、行文逻辑等；选材在内容上及文字上都比较简单，错误多为初、中级英语学习者写作时常犯的。错误分布基本构成：1增1删8改正；分布情况：动词、名词、代词、形容词副词、冠词、介词、非谓语动词、连词、主谓一致、固定搭配等；*给分原则：找出错误0.5，改正错误0.5。做题步骤1、浏览全文，读懂大意；2、题从

2、行出，错由句生。必须以句为单位来改错，有些错误要根据上下文甚至从整篇短文出发才能改出来；3、改完再检查一遍；4、书写规范，卷面整洁。答题规范*务必要规范答题！增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词；删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉；修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。*注意：每句中最多有两处错误！出题点动词名词代词形容词和副词冠词介词连词非谓语动词主谓一致固定搭配其他动词（时态和语态）1、时态混用eg.(1)She liked it very much and reads it to the class. read (2)I was only four whe

3、n she passes away. passed解题技巧：拿到题目时，要注意时间提示词，多数情况下，题目往往是用过去时居多，然后在其中含有一个现在时的句子。动词（时态和语态）2、语态错用eg.(1)An English lady was finally decided that she really should learn to drive.(2)Books may be keep for four weeks. kept解题技巧:判断一下主语和谓语之间的关系是主谓还是动宾关系即可。*主动被动误用*被动少be动词*be+done, 过去分词错名词（以错词为主）1、单复数混用eg.(1)Th

4、e new job meant I had to say goodbye to my classmate, my school. classmates(2)I bought a lot of furnitures. furniture常考不可数名词：knowledge，equipment, fun, advice, progress,furniture, news, etc.名词（以错词为主）2、所有格eg. We took our holiday at my uncle. uncles解题技巧：可数名词和不可数名词要分清；其次，还要注意名词前面的修饰词 some，many,much,all,

5、 both, (a)few,(a) little,有时候不一定是名词错，而是前面的修饰语错。代词（格、性、数）1、格的正确使用eg. （1）I believe you experience will be a lot better. your（2）I woke up and found me still in bed. myself2、性别和数的一致性eg.We can tell others our need, and accept his help. their形容词和副词1、形容词副词的混用eg.(1)Unfortunate，there are too many Unfortunatel

6、y people in my family.(2), but he can speak Chinese fluent. fluently2、-ing和-ed形容词的混用eg. I was shocking to hear the news,. shocked形容词和副词3、不同级之间的误用eg. Since his family was rich than mine, he had more toys. richer4、近义词及形近词的误用hard/hardly, late/later/latter/latest/latelyeg. Late on, my aunt drove me home

7、. Later冠词(a/an/the)1、多用eg.I sat in the front of the TV at 7 oclock, when the game just began.2、少用eg.Last year, he paid visit to China. a冠词(a/an/the)3、误用（高频考点,a/an误用）eg.(1)He studied in the university in Nanjing. a(2)After a hour we began to feel frightened. an*注意:/j/开头的词, useful, usual,European h开头但

8、不发音的词，honour, honest介词eg.(1)Because the help you gave me that ofsummer ,my life changed.(2)I imagine youll be at vacation yourself. on解题技巧：介词的错误多半和固定搭配或用法有关，特别要记好to 作为介词使用的短语。连词1.并列连词：and, but, or, so.(1)逻辑关系eg.All I had to do was to write a story or present it. and(2)平行结构，前后一致 eg. Im thinking of ma

9、king a trip and visit the British. visiting连词2、从属连词高频词：when,while, as ,since, until, before,after,if, so that, even if,as if, etc.eg. Before waiting for an hour, he finally Afterfinished the task.3.易错词：although/but, because/so； but /however, so/therefore, because/because of非谓语动词(-ing,-ed及不定式)错误类型：谓语

10、和非谓语的误用；-ed和-ing的混用；to 的多用，少用和误用eg.(1)Felt hungry, we ate some deserts. Feeling(2).I shared with my friends many photos taking in Beijing. taken方法：一个简单句只能有一个谓语动词。主谓一致1、就近一致原则(1)or,nor,erither.or,neither.nor,not only.but also 连接两个主语时；(2)There be 句型中eg.(1)Neither they nor he are wholly right. is(2)The

11、re are a desk and two chairs in the room is主谓一致2、意义一致原则谓语动词的数必须和主语的意义保持一致eg.(1)John is a taxi driver who love going. loves(2)Its I that is your ture friend. am注意：as well as, rather than, together with,along with,but, except等，谓语动词就前不就后！固定搭配主要靠积累eg. (1)My teacher advised me to keep my diary. a(2)In my

12、 surprise, he did well in his job. To(3)I have no difficulty learn English. learning其他1、定语从句的引导词2、使役动词和感官动词3、固定句型4、名词性从句中what的使用 My grandfather and I enjoy fishing. One Sunday morning we go fishing at a lake. We took ours fishing poles and headed for the lake. As soon as we arrived, so we dropped th

13、e lines into the water. Before waiting for about half an hour, I was beginning to get impatiently. I wanted to give up, and my grandfather told me to wait a little longer. Finally, there were a sudden pull at the pole and fish was caught. Within the next few minute, my grandfather also caught a fish

14、. Felt hungry, we built a fire by the lake and barbecued the fish. It was delicious.2013.陕西My grandfather and I enjoy fishing.One Sunday morning we go fishing at a lake. We took ours fishing poles and headed for the lake. As soon as we arrived, so we dropped the lines into the water.Before waiting for about half an hour, I was beginning to get impatiently. I wanted to give up, and my grandfather told me to wait a little longer. Finally, there were a sudden pull at the pole and fish was caught. Within the next few minute, my grandfather also caught a fish.Felt hungry, we built a fire by