议论文写作专项训练

1、英语议论文写作专项训练？高（初）知识定位议论文又叫说理文，是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表意见、？出主张的文体。作者通过摆事实、讲道理、辨是非，以确定其观点正确或错误，树立或否定某种主张。 在近几年的高考书面表达中，其主要命题形式是以表格式和 ？纲式来呈现写作材料的。知识梳理.议论文是以议论为主要表达方式的一种文体，它通过摆事实，讲道理的方式来辩明是非曲折，从而表达出作者的观点。高考英语作文的写作，大多有具体要 点（即论点或论据）的限定，所以并不需要如何地纵横裨阖，如何地旁征博引。但是，麻雀 虽小，五脏俱全。一篇100来字的议论文，同样必须逻辑严密，结构清晰，语言洗练，言而有据。 要尽可能避免使

2、用口语，多用书面语，可适当使用名言警句；以议论为主，辅之以叙 述，说明和？写等手法。.在近几年的高考书面表达中，其主要命题形式是以表格式和 ？纲式来呈现写作材料的。.写作时要围绕中心论点展开议论，即论据和论证要围绕论点展开。根据题目 要求，有时需要从正反两面来论述，可增强论证的力度。最后，可得出结论，照应 开头，形成一个有机的整体。写作模式写作时常以三段式的形式展开议论。.引段高考英语议论文的引言可以有两部分组成：现象 +观点。现象就来自作文题目。所以学生必须要理解题目中的每句话， 把题目中的中文用 英语表达出来就能成为不错的开篇。然后再开门见山地亮出自己的观点。.主体段引证法（即引用一些名人

3、名言、成语、格言、谚语灯作为论据 ）；例证法（即举例来进行论证）喻证法（用比喻的方法来论证事理，把深奥、抽象的事理表述得浅显易懂， 使文章既生动又形象）对比论证法（通过对事物的正反两个方面的对比来分析论证，使文章的表达 效果更强烈，给人留下深刻印象）归纳法（从分析典型，即分析个别事物入手，找出事物的共同特点，然后得 出结论。）推理法（从一般原理出发，对个别事物进行说明、分析，而后得出结论）驳论法（先列出错误的观点，然后加以逐条批驳，最后阐明自己的观点）。在主体段中，务必要牢记应采用先总后分的手法 一一先亮出主题句，然后再用发 展旬充实段落。你必须围绕着引言段的观点展开，千万不能让人觉得的的文章

4、段落之间没有衔接。此外，在主体段中要恰当地使用过渡词，有明显的层次感，引领阅读者一层一层地根据你的分论点走向最终你要阐述的观点。.结尾段结论，用一、二句话来结束文章，做到首尾呼应。一定要再次澄清你的观点，切 记与引言段的观点一致，建议用不同的词句法表达一个意思。议论文类型：对比观点、说明利弊、评论、杂文、感想等对比观点议论文写作步骤：1、引言段：引出要论述的话题 2、3主体段：用证据说明赞成和反对的观点4、结论：作者自己的观点（赞成或反对）参考模板There is a widespread concern over the issue that （话题）.But it is well know

5、n that the opinionconcerning this hot topic varies from person to person.Some people say A .In their views there are two factors contributing to this attitude as follows:in the first place, 支持 A 的理由.What is more/ In the second place,（理由二）. Moreover,（理由三）.So it goes without saying that AHowever / On

6、the contrary, others differ in their opinions on this issue. They holdthe view that_B_ for the following reasons. For one thing,（支持 B 的理由）.For another （thing）,（由二）.Thirdly （Finally），（理由三）.Therefore, there is no doubt that _B_.As far as I am concerned, I firmly support that _A 或 B_. It is not only be

7、cause （原因-）， 一but also because （原因二）.The more, the more. For me, _Am B_ is surely a wisechoice .说明利弊议论文写作步骤：1、引言段：引出话题 2、3、主体段：用证据说明利与弊的观点 4、结论：总结归纳，表明观点（利或弊） 参考模板Nowadays more and more people 话题.话题 plays an important part in In fact, likeeverything else,话 题 has/have both favorable and unfavorable a

8、spects/both advantages anddisadvantages. Generally, the favorable aspects/advantages can be listed as follows.Firstly, Secondly, In addition /What s more Just as a popular saying goes,“ Every coin has IWosiiseso exception. Thenegativeaspects/disadvantages are also apparent/obvious. To begin withersT

9、o make mattworse ；Worseof all Through above analysis/All things considered, we can see that the positive aspects/advantagesoutweigh the negative ones/disadvantages. Therefore关联词递进关系：furthermore; moreover; further; In this way ;still; not only.butalso.； not.but.; in addition （to）;etc。转折关系：but; even s

10、o; however; though; even though; etc。 归纳总结类: in other words; on the whole; in sum; therefore; hence; in short; to sum up;in conclusion; in summary; eta强调关系：in fact; especially; particularly; moreover; naturally; what is more important;in reality; indeed; in particular; etc。对照（不同点）：yet; still; for al

11、l of that; notwithstanding; rather; neither . nor; although;though; but; however; etc。并歹U关系：and; also; as well as; either., or;bothandetc。 先后次序关系：at this time; first; second; at last; previously; simultaneously; last but notleast; to begin with; etc。结果关系：accordingly; thus; consequently; thereupon; e

12、tco 顺序关系： at the outset, following this; at this time; etc。 重中关系：in other words; that is to say; as I have said; et c例题精讲【试题来源】【题目】根据中文大意和英文？示词语，写一封意思连贯、符合逻辑、不少于50 词的短文。信的开头和结尾已给出，其词数不计入所完成的回信内，所给英文？示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。假如你叫张明，最近和美国朋友Sam通过邮件谈论各自的校园生活，他想了解你最大的兴趣爱好是什么？你的兴趣爱好是怎么培养起来的？它对你有什么样的帮助或 影响？请根据

13、这些问题回复邮件。示词语：start, relaxing, interesting, creative, keep fit, confident, make friends?示词语：start, at the age of, interesting, relaxed, make friendsTo SamFrom Zhang MingSubject My favourite hobbyHi! Sam,I m glad to hear from you.Yours,Zhang Ming【答案】 Playing basketball is my favorite hobby. It an impo

14、rt ant part of my life.I started to play with the ball at the age of four and I showed great interest in it. When I went toprimary school. I began to learn to play basketball in a team. Since then , it has been my favoritehobby.Playing basketball not only helps me keep fit but also makes me relaxed

15、and confident when I amunder stress. Besides, I have made a lot of friends by playing basketball with them.【解析】试题分析：考生首先要认真阅读前面的？示认真审题，确定文章的中心。 、，、4、 q 、4 .汪忠文早文体、人称和时态。运用适当的短语表达中心思想，增加作文的可读性。完成 ？ 示词时也要符合事实。温馨？醒：考生必须认真查验是否有漏写情况，有无拼写错误及标点 误用等。亮点说明：这篇短文使用了一些固定句式和短语，为文章增色不少。学习中注意 总结,牢记一些固定句式及短语，写作时就可以适

16、当引用，使文章的表达更有逻辑性，更富有条 理。【知识点】议论文写作专项训练？高（初）【适用场合】当堂例题【难度系数】3【试题来源】【题目】近年来广场舞越来越流行。在公园、小区甚至一些空地旁常能看到跳舞的人们。上周，Helping Hands Club进行了一项问卷调查。请你根据调查结果写一篇英语短文，并谈一谈对此事的看法。赞成：是健康的生活方式，跳舞能锻炼身体可以结交有共同爱好的朋友人人都有权利（right）在广场和空地等公共场所开展活动反 对：音乐声音太大，影响附近居民的正常生活媒体报道噪音扰民引起打架伤人你的看法：要求：1.所写内容必须包含以上信息，可适当发挥。.自拟你对广场舞现象的看法，

17、不少于两点。.文章不少于90词，开头已给出，不计入总词数。.语句通顺，语法正确，条理清楚，字迹工整。.文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名。Square dancing is becoming popular and popular in recent years. It is often seen at squares, parksor even open spaces. Last week Helping Hands Club made a survey on square dancing.【答案】 Square dancing is becoming popular and popular in

18、 recent years. It is often seen at squares,parks or even open spaces. Last week Helping Hands Club made a survey on square dancing.Some people thought everyone has the right to have activities in public places. It is a good way totake exercise. What s more, they can make mods Who share the same hobb

19、y. But otherpeople disagreed. They complained that noisy music had a bad effect on people sstudy and lifethough square dancing is a kind of healthy lifestyle. Some newspapers said fights happened betweencitizens and dancers because of this.In my opinion, it is necessary to take actions to solve the

20、problem. Dancers should turn down theloudspeakers and should not dance till too late at night. If people can understand each other, we willlive in a happy and harmony life.【解析】本文属于陈述正反方观点的议论文作文，谈谈关于广场舞的问题。要求 中只给出了要点，需要自己发挥的地方较多，注意将？示的要点表达清楚，并发表自己的观 点。结合材料内容，可知本文主要是用一般现在时态进行叙述，人称问题较为复杂，注意主谓一致问题。写作中注意

21、表达观点时的常用句式，如宾语从句，条件状语从何等。注意在表达不同观点时，连词的使用。内容上应注意？述的全面性；语言的表述应该符合语法的结构， 造句应该符合英语的表达习惯。亮点说明：这篇范文中出现一些不错的句式和短语，如 Square dancing is becoming popularand popular in recent years近些年来，广场舞越来越多的受到人们的欢迎；makea survey 做了一个调查；强调句式，It is adj for sb to do sth,做某事对某人来说怎么样；In my opinion,我的看法是；以及由if引导的条件状语从句等。学习中注意总结，

22、牢记一些固定句 式及短语，写作时就可以适当引用，让文章更出彩。【知识点】议论文写作专项训练？高(初)【适用场合】当堂例题【难度系数】4【试题来源】【题目】现在的学生纷纷感到功课多，学习负担重，压力大，内心烦恼，于是不 少学生特别是留守孩子(left-behind children)迷上网络，在网上才T游戏(computer game),QQ聊 天,写博客(Blog),发微信(Wechat),交网友(Internet friend),等等。由于不能把握好利 弊，消耗很多时间，导致学习成绩下滑，结果更加烦恼。你认为怎样放松才合适呢？请 你根据？示，以 Learn to relax yourself

23、 为题写一篇短文。写作要点？示：.学生压力大及其表现；.学会放松很重要；.最适合我的放松方式；.我的建议。写作要求：短文的内容应包含所？示要点，语言要流畅，意思连贯，适当增加情节；短文中 不得出现真实的姓名、校名及地名；短文词数在90词左右。【答案】 Learn to relax yourselfNow many students are under too much pressure. They always feel too tired to listen to teacherscarefully in class.Its important for students to relax.

24、Only in this way can they study well and be healthy. Here aresome different ways to relax yourself. For example, you can try sleeping enough, or you can listento your favorite music. You can also read some books or do some sports. For me, I often hang outwith my friends.While you are studying, dont

25、forget to relax. You may study better after a good rest.【解析】试题分析：这是一篇？纲作文。题目所给要点比较具体，我们要做的就 是用正确的英语把这些内容表达出来。动笔前要认真阅读材料，不可遗漏要点，并适当发挥。 根据材料内容可知本文主要是一般现在时态，主语是第二人称，注意时态与时间状语的搭配及主谓一致问题。写作中适当使用连词，注意上下文联系紧密，符合逻辑关系。亮点说明：这篇短文使用了大量的固定句式和短语，为文章增色不少.如：undertoo muchpressure 太多的压力之下。 hang out 闲逛，They always fee

26、l too tired to listen to teachers carefullyin class.他们总是觉得太累了以致不能认真听讲。学习中注意总结，牢记一些固定句式及短语, 写作时就可以适当引用，使文章的表达更有逻辑性，更富有条理.【知识点】议论文写作专项训练？高（初）【适用场合】当堂例题【难度系数】4习题演练【试题来源】【题目】在现代社会里，广告无处不在。有人喜欢，有人讨厌。谈谈你对广告的 观点及广告的优点和缺点。要求：1.语句通顺。2.不少于80题。Advantages and Disadvantages of Advertising【答案】In the modern world

27、advertising is everywhere! Some people like ads and others hate ads.I think there are someadvantages and disadvantages about ads.Some ads are very useful. They can tell people how to compare different products so that peoplecan buy the better ones. They can also help you save money.However, there ar

28、e also some disadvantages. Some ads can be confusing or misleading. Sometimesthe words sound good but dont tell you anything real, and the picture in an ad looks much betterthan the real thing. So you have to be careful not to be cheated. We shouldnt believe everything the ads tell us.【解析】试题分析：这是一篇话

29、题作文。要求广告的优点和缺点发表自己的看法。亮点说明：这篇短文条理清晰，连词的合理使用使文章的表达更丰富， 更有逻辑 性。【知识点】议论文写作专项训练？高(初)【适用场合】当堂练习题【难度系数】4【试题来源】【题目】为了向全世界展示绿色中国，学生会倡议每位同学围绕如何进行低碳生活”写一篇英语文章，介绍自己如何从身边小事做起，尝试进行低碳生活。低碳生活”的意义(1)可以节约能源(2)有利于减少污染，改善环境低碳生(1)节约资源，关注日常生活，从身边小事做起，外出时及时关活”的措施 掉电脑和电器；关水笼头，循环利用水；不浪费纸，两面写字(2)减少白色等污染，用纸袋代替塑料袋，尽量不购买不必要的物品

30、；步行、骑自行车上学个人观点和希望要求：1.表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯； 2.短文必须包括表格中？示的所 有要点，并作适当发挥；3.词数：100左右(文章开头已给，不计入总词数)；4.短文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。 electrical equipment电器，resource资源How to Live a Low-Carbon Life（碳生活）As we all know, having a low-carbon life is very important to us. First, I think having a low-carbonlife can help us

31、save a lot of energy. What s more, it can help us reduce pollution andimprove ourenvironment.【答案】How to Live a Low-Carbon LifeAs we all know, having a low-carbon life is very important to us. First, I think having a low-carbonlife can help us save a lot of energy. What improve ourenvironment.s more,

32、 it can help us reduce pollution andthnstart with theTo live a low-carbon life, we students should save resource, let around us, first we should pay attention to our daily life, we can turn off the computers and other electrical equipment in time when leaving a room.And it is also important for us t

33、o turn off the tap after it isused.Another thing is saving paper and we can do it by writing on both sides of paperWe should stop white and air pollution.When we go shopping, we had better bring our own bags oruse paper bags instead of plastic bags. At the same time ,we shouldn t spend monbuying som

34、eunnecessary goods. When we go outside, we can choose to walk there or ride our bikes,In my opinion, having a low-carbon life is very necessary for us students, its our duty to dosomething for the earth. If everyone can do a little, the future will be brighter and more beautiful.【解析】1、考生首先要认真阅读前面的？示

35、认真审题，确定文章的内容-（1）、 为什么要低碳生活；（2）、怎样低碳生活；（3）、个人观点。认真审题，确定重点和次重点。短文第二部分-怎样低碳生活应该是重点，需 要详写。注意文章文体、人称和时态。同时应选用合适的连接词或过渡词，使文章具有一定的连贯性。亮点说明：短文层次分明、条理清楚，全文分为3个部分；没有语法、拼写错误；过渡语使用合理，如： As we all know, What s more At the same time, In my opinion 等；能使用多种不同的句型，使文章锦上添花，如： having a low-carbon life is very important

36、 to us动名词短语做主语；To live a low-carbon life动词不定式短语作目的状语；And it is alsoimportant for us to turn off the tap after it is used 动词不定式短语做主语等。【知识点】议论文写作专项训练？高（初）【适用场合】随堂课后练习【难度系数】4【试题来源】【题目】最近的一项研究调查表明，大约20%的学生有不吃早饭的习惯。请根据下列表格内容？示用英语写一篇短文。原因1.晚上学习太晚，想多睡一会儿而不吃早饭；.家长太忙无法照顾，直接给钱让孩子自己解决;. 一些男生把钱拿去玩游戏，一些女生想保持苗条不吃

37、早饭。后果1.上课无精打采，成绩下降；2.身体越来越差你的建议？（至少写出一条建议并说明原因）注意：词数80词左右（短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数）A survey shows that about 20% of the students have a bad habit of not having breakfast. That sbecause【答案】 A survey shows that about 2阴 of the students have a bad habit of not having breakfast.That s because they stay up too la

38、te to study and they want to spemore instead of having breakfast.Also their parents are too busy to look after them and so they just give some money to their childrento buy food themselves. But some boys use the money to play computer games and some girls justwant to keep slim without having breakfa

39、st. As a result, some students have no energy in class. Theyhave worse and worse grades and they are unhealthier and unhealthier. I think good breakfast cangive us enough energy for the whole day s study and sport. So we should have breakfast every day.【解析】试题分析：这是一篇给材料作文。本文所给材料比较详细，我们要做的 就是用正确的英语把这些

40、内容表达出来。动笔前要认真阅读材料，不可遗漏要点，并适当发 挥。根据材 料内容可知本文主要是一般现在时态，注意时态与时间状语的搭配及主谓一致问 题。写作中适当使用连词，注意上下文联系紧密，符合逻辑关系 亮点说明：这篇短文使用了大量的固定句式和短语，为文章增色不少，如： 20% of thestudents, 20%的学生，have a bad habit of not having breakfast,有一个不吃早餐的坏习惯，sleep more insteadof having breakfast多睡代替口早餐，too busy to look after them ,太忙没时间照 顾他们，

41、keepslim without having breakfast,不吃早餐来保持苗条等， 学习中注意总结，牢记一 些固定句式及短语，写作时就可以适当引用，使文章的表达更有逻辑性，更富有条理。【知识点】议论文写作专项训练？高(初)【适用场合】课后两周练习【难度系数】3【试题来源】【题目】请根据下列？示写一篇词数为80左右的日记(开头已为你写好)假如你是李明，今年国庆节游览了世界自然奇观之 一黄山。黄山位于安徽省的南 部，每年都能吸引数以百万计的游客来游览。清晨，你乘小车到达黄山，那时天正在下雨。你一下车就开始登山。大约半小时后，云开始散开，雨停了，太阳也出来了。在登山过 程中，你领略了黄山的云

42、海、奇松(wondrous pines)、怪石(unique rocks)等秀丽的风景。October1, TuesdayToday I visited the Yellow Mountain, one of the wonders of the natural world.【答案】October1, TuesdayRainy & fineToday I visited the Yellow Mountain, one of the wonders of the natural world. The Yellow Mountain lies in the south of Anhui Prov

43、ince and attracts millions of tourists every year. Early in the morning,when I arrived there by car, it was raining. As soon as I got out of the car, I began to climb themountain. About half an hour later, the clouds suddenly began to clear and the rain stopped. Thesun also rose beyond the rocks. Wh

44、ile I was climbing the mountain, I enjoyed the sea of clouds,wondrous pines and unique rocks. I really had a good time.【解析】试题分析：这篇作文要求我们以李明的身份来记叙去黄山的一次旅行， 简单介绍一下黄山的风景。在题目中给出了我们具体的写作的？纲，包括黄山的地理位置，黄山的风景特色，你的行程等。我们需要用正确的英语将这些内容翻译出来，注意书写是调理，按照时间的顺序，同时有去黄山的交通工具，当时的天气情况等这些小的要点，不要遗漏。因为这里是记叙一次旅行，故本篇短文应该使用一般

45、过去时态，所以要注意每句话中的谓语动词的形式。同时注意表达的流畅。亮点说明：这是一篇很优秀的范文。在这篇短文中作者将自己去黄山的这次旅行 完整、细致的？写了出来，语言准确，时态、人称运用合理，表达也很流畅。作者主要就 是按照题目中给出的这些要点，将这次旅行按照时间的顺序记录了下来。同时注意了语句之间的衔接，使文章表达完整、流畅。文章比较好的句子有attracts millions of tourists everyyear.、As soon asI got out of the car, I began to climb the mountain.、The sun also rose beyo

46、nd the rocks、I enjoyedthe sea of clouds, wondrous pines and unique rocks 等。【知识点】议论文写作专项训练？高（初）【适用场合】课后一个月练习【难度系数】4【试题来源】【题目】随着网络的发展，人们消费观念的转变，购物方式也在悄然地发生变化。 网络购物”成为一种时尚，越来越多的学生也开始加入网购群体中。请你根据以下内容,写一篇关于网上购物的文章。一，内容？示：优点：1.足不出户，节约时间，不会拥挤劳累.价格通常比较便宜.可供选择的范围广，品种多缺点：1.只看到图片，看不到商品本身.容易购买大量不需要的东西，造成浪费二，要求：

47、.所表述内容必须包含？示中所有方面。.词数：80词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。文中不能出现自己的姓名和 所在学校的名称。三，？示词汇： 网购 shopping online;商品 goodsWith the development of the Internet, many people are used to shopping online.【答案】 With the development of the Internet, many people are used to shopping on line. It hasbecome a fashion in our daily life

48、. Some of us students also join the group.Shopping on line has many advantages. Just by a click of the mouse, you can buy what you reinterested in without going outdoors. You can avoid getting tired and being trapped in the crowdedpeople and cars and save time. When shopping on line, you can choose

49、from more varieties of goods,whose prices are generally lower.Every coin has two sides. Its disadvantages are obvious, too. On one hand, its veasy for youto buy goods different from the pictures you see on the Internet. On the other hand, shopping on linemay cause people to buy goods that are not badly needed. Thta s a waste of money.All in all, I love shopping on line.【解析】试题分析：这是一篇？纲作文。本文要求按照所给的题目结合 ？示内容 完成这篇关于网上购物的文章。写作中要包含网购的优缺点、方面进行陈述，表达出人们的观点等。根据材料内容可知本文主要是一般现在时态，人称主要是第三人称，注意并列连词的使用及主谓一致问题。写作中注意上下文的过度，符合逻辑关系。亮点说明：这篇短文详细、全面地阐明了自己对网络购物的看