山西省新绛汾河中学2022-2023学年高考英语全真模拟密押卷含解析

1、2022-2023学年高考英语模拟试卷注意事项1考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。2试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分必须用2B 铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。3考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1_ has greater potential than flammable ice being mined from underneath the South China Sea when it comes to a global energy revolution.Anothi

2、ngBneitherCno oneDnone2he law is equally applied to everyone. No one _ be above it.AshallBmustCmayDneed3For the final _ of our journey，we decided to take the coach.Aleg BroundCdistance Dpath4Weneeda spiritual faith, or a philosophy, it shouldincludethis truth: if you choose to find thepositivein eve

3、ry situation, you will be blessed, and if you choose to find the awful, you will be cursed. As with happiness itself, this is_your decision to make.Aabsolutely BtotallyCexactly Dlargely5 you can learn to appreciate the challenges in life, you will find inner strength.AWhen BWhileCBefore DUnless6Nowa

4、days, more and more Chinese homes have the technology and equipment _ to do online shopping.AneededBneedingCneedDto need7My mobile phone is missing. Who it?Amust have takenBmust takeCcould have takenDcould take8I got more _ about him from reading his books than from talking to him.AinsightsBmemories

5、CresourcesDexperiences9Whether to favor urban development or the preservation of historical sites is especially controversial in China, where there exists rich history, diversified tradition and cultural _.AsurplusBdepositsCaccountsDreceipts10_ from J.K. Rowlings book series of the same title, the “

6、Harry Potter” movies are universally acknowledged as classics.AAdaptingBHaving adaptedCAdaptedDTo be adapted11Meizhou Island is such a beautiful place of interest_ everyone likes to visit.AasBthatCwhichDwhere12Private cars will be required to stay off roads one out of five weekdays _ the traffic pre

7、ssure.Ato reduceBreducingCreducedDreduce13 her emotion, she buried her face in her handsAControlledBTo controlCBeing controlledDHaving controlled14Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again.Oh, its too bad. You_ have made full preparations.AmustBcanCwouldDshould15Two professors at Harvard Universi

8、ty published a study of 3,300 new graduates, looking at _ their names had any bearing on their academic performance.AthatBhowCwhyDwhether16You should first explore your talents and get to know yourself so as to make a list of _ you think your real interests lie.Athat BwhatCwhere Dhow17He _ it on sch

9、edule, but somehow he fell behind.Amust have doneBmight finishCcould have finishedDcould finish18I _ about what youve said and Ive decided to take your adviceAthought Bhave been thinkingCwas thinking Dwas thinking19I will pick you up at 7 oclock tomorrow morning. Is that all right?_. See you then.AI

10、d love to.BThats settled.CIts up to youDMy pleasure20Someone called me up at midnight, but he had hung up I could answer the phone.Aas BsinceCuntil Dbefore第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分） Would you buy a car that can release calming smells into the air when you are stuck in he

11、avy traffic? Would you buy a robot that smells like a human being?Many people have seen the 3-D computer-made environments of virtual reality（虚拟现实）. Now these virtual worlds will not just look and sound real. Researchers have created VR environments that even smell like the real ones. With the new t

12、echnology, users open a virtual door and step into a new environment, like a rainforest. After they enter this virtual world, special equipment releases forest-like smells into the air to make the experience feel more real.Suzanne Fisher-Murray said, “It is a really wonderful experience that you hav

13、e because youre exploring this environment and you have smells with it.”In the United States, Smell-O-Vision was designed to provide smells during the showing of a movie. The Smell-O-Vision system was once popular in the 1960s. Now, Emanuela Maggioni says it is close to becoming popular again. “It c

14、onnects emotions and memories with the sense of smell,” Maggioni said. “It is unbelievable what we can do with the technology.”The uses of smell technology are not just limited to films and the performing arts. Researchers showed a computer program where users could imagine themselves driving a car.

15、 The system included a special smell-spraying machine. Dmitrijs Dmitrenko said, “We want to deliver the smell of lavender(薰衣草) every time the person drives over the speed limit. We choose lavender because its a very calming smell.”Scientists are experimenting with smells instead of sounds or image-b

16、ased alerts on telecommunications equipment. And businessmen have already used smells to influence peoples behavior. “Not only in stores, but also in other places you can create and stimulate(刺激) immediate purchase,” Maggioni said. “So youre in a library and when you smell coffee you will unconsciou

17、sly have the need to drink a coffee.”1、Using smell technology, researchers make VR environments _.Ahave a smell of a rainforestBeven smell like the real onesClook like a 4-DenvironmentDfrighten people with a virtual world2、The example of Smell-O-Vision proves that_.AAmerica is the first to use smell

18、 technologyBcinemas are the most suitable places for the sense of smellCsmell technology has been used beforeDit is out of date to use smell-spraying devices3、How is smell technology used by businessmen？ATo make buyers understand salesmen better.BTo remind people of their unrealistic purchase.CTo he

19、lp customers choose their favorite goods.DTo stimulate people to buy things.4、What is the main idea of the passage？AThe new developments of smell technology.BA major breakthrough of VR technology.CThe sense of smell in human communication.DThe advanced smell-spraying machines.22（8分） I was recently s

20、urfing the Internet when I came across a collection of strange beach photos where everyone had a cloth wall surrounding their little patch of sand I had never seen anything like it before， and I was interested in it So I started searching all sorts of phrases that might throw light on the mystery of

21、 Polish beach separatorsI found a site on Polands affairs that actually covered this phenomenon in details According to the site， beach separators have been a part of Polish beach-going culture for a long time， but have recently been getting a lot of attention online， after foreign tourists started

22、posting photos on social networksBeach separators vary in size according to the size of the group Youll see tiny ones only surrounding the space around a single beach towel， and giant ones separating a large part of the beach They werent designed to protect their users from prying（窥探）eyes Its no sec

23、ret that strong winds are very common on the shores of the Baltic Sea， so they were originally meant to allow beach-goers to enjoy sunbathing without having their belongings blown away， or sand blown in their facesHowever， in recent years， people have begun criticizing them During the summer， beach

24、separators are placed so close to each other that a person can hardly pass between them， let alone find a place to put their own beach towels This creates a problem for foreign tourists unfamiliar with them， who just want a place to lie down on the sand And thus they can easily create all kinds of c

25、onflicts due to the lack of space For example， some people leave the beach for hours but leave their separators in place to make sure that their space doesnt get occupied by someone elseHaving visited a fair number of seaside resorts（度假胜地）across Europe， I admit that I have never seen anything like t

26、his before1、What attracted the authors attention according to the first paragraph？ _ASome phrasesBThe cloth wallsCThe sand patchesDThe colorful stones2、Why did the beach-goes set up separators？ _ATo attract others attentionBTo keep themselves in privatesCTo stop winds disturbing themDTo protect them

27、selves from sunburn3、What seems to be the problem with beach separators？ _AThey cause plenty of garbageBThey make the beach overcrowdedCThey leave their separators unattendedDThey lead to many crimes against foreigners4、Whats the authors purpose of writing this passage？ _ATo encourage the local tour

28、ism in PolandBTo introduce a kind of Polish beach cultureCTo discuss the possibilities of solving the beach problemDTo urge the tourism department to face the beach problem23（8分）New research in monkeys may provide a clue about how the brain manages vast amounts of information and remembers what it n

29、eeds.The researchers found that when monkeys were taught to remember computer clip art pictures, their brains reduced the level of detail by sorting the pictures into categories for recall, such as images that contained people, buildings, flowers, and animals. The categorizing cells were found in th

30、e hippocampus, an area of the brain that processes sensory information into memory. In the experiment each monkey was shown one clip art picture, and after a delay of one to 30 seconds, picked the original out of two to six different images to get a juice reward.By recording cell activity during hun

31、dreds of these trials in which the pictures were all different, the researchers noticed that certain cells were more active when the pictures contained similar features, such as images of people but not other objects. They found that different cells coded images that fit different categories. The ca

32、tegory cells grouped images based on common features a strategy to improve memory. For example, the same cell responded to both tulips and daisies because they are both flowers.“While such categorization is a highly efficient memory process, it may also have a downside,” said Deadwyler Ph.D, “ when

33、the trials included more than one picture with people in it, instead of different images, the monkeys often confused the image with a picture of other people. So learning more about how the brain remembers could have far-reaching benefits. If we can understand in advance how the brain works when dec

34、isions are made, we can predict when the brain will make a mistake, and correct it, said Tim Pons, Ph.D, This finding about how large amounts of information are processed by the brain will help us to ultimately achieve that goal.1、The purpose of the experiments on monkeys is to find out _.Ahow the b

35、rain processes amounts of information into memoryBthe area of the brain that processes sensory information into memoryChow the monkeys respond to different thingsDwhat is the monkeys most likely to remember2、The research indicates numerous information can be remembered more easily by _.Aremembering

36、the detailsBseparating it into categoriesCshowing a lot of picturesDremembering all features3、According to the research, which of the following images may confuse the monkeys?ABooks, toys and carsBPlants, animals and peopleCTulips, daisies and rosesDPeople, buildings and flowers4、What can we learn f

37、rom the last paragraph?AFurther study on how the brain remembers has more benefitsBCategorization is the best way to improve memoryCWe can predict when the brain will make a mistakeDHow the brain remembers has been found out24（8分）When American soldiers return home from war with disabilities, they of

38、ten suffer twicefirst from their combat injuries, next from the humiliation（羞辱）of government dependency.Wounded veterans（老兵）learn they have two basic choices: They can receive almost $ 3 ,000 a month in disability benefits along with medical care and access to other various welfare programs, or they

39、 can try to find a job. Especially in this economy, its no wonder that many find that first option hard to turn down.Mark Duggan, an economics professor at Stanford University, reports that enrollment in the U. S. veterans disability programs rose from 2.3 million in 2001 to 3.9 million in 2014. The

40、 percentage of veterans receiving benefits doubled, from 8.9% in 2001 to 18% in 2014. Disability services for veterans now consume $59 billion.In the 1980s and 1990s, male veterans were more likely to be in the labor force than nonveterans. But since 2000, that has changed dramatically. Now there is

41、 a 4% gap between veteran and non-veteran labor participation, with veteran participation lower.Navy SEAL Eric Greitens, the founder of The Mission Continues, explains how soldiers who served their country are transformed into welfare receivers who live off their country.“When veterans come home fro

42、m war they are going through a tremendous change in identity, ” he says. “Then the United States Department of Veterans Affairs, and others, encourage them to view themselves as disabled.” By the time they come to Greitens non-profit organization, “We meet a number of veterans who see themselves as

43、charity cases and are not sure anymore what they have to contribute.”There are also more practical factors driving the disability boom. One is the expansion of qualification criteria. In 2000, for instance, type 2 diabetes was added as a disability because of evidence linking exposure to Agent Orang

44、e with the onset of the disease. Heart disease has also been added to the list.Another possible factor is that younger veterans seem less against welfare than their parents generation. Veterans who have served since the 1990s are much more likely to sign up for disability than their older counterpar

45、ts; 1 in 4 younger veterans is on disability, versus just 1 in 7 of those over age 54.We shouldnt go back to the bad old days when veterans were afraid to admit weakness. But Lt. Col. Daniel Gade is one of many veterans who think our disability system is harmful, psychologically, to former soldiers.

46、 Gade lost his leg in combat in 2005 and now teaches at West Point. He recently gave a talk to disabled veterans at Ft. Carson, in which he urged them to rejoin the workforce.“People who stay home because they are getting paid enough to get by on disability are worse off,” he warned. “They are more

47、likely to abuse drugs and alcohol. They are more likely to live alone.”What a waste of human potential, especially since most veterans on disability still have their prime working years ahead of them when theyre discharged（遣退）.We could solve this problem by changing the way we view-and label-veteran

48、s with disabilities. As Gade noted in a recent article, “Veterans should be viewed as resources, not as damaged goods.” He recommended that “efforts to help veterans should begin by recognizing their abilities rather than focusing only on then disabilities, and should serve the ultimate aim of movin

49、g wounded soldiers to real self-sufficiency.”On a more practical note, the United States Department of Veterans Affairs could reallocate（再分配）resources to spend more on job training and less on disability. Current placement programs are sadly inadequate.We are good at sending soldiers off to war. Yet

50、 when these young men and women return home, they are essentially told, “Well give you enough for a reasonably comfortable life, but we wont help you find a job.”It is unreasonable that we are condemning thousands of young veterans who served their country to life on the dole（失业救济金）rather than enabl

51、ing them to re-enter the workforce with the necessary accommodations.1、What do more and more wounded veterans appear to do nowadays?ADepend on the government for a living.BBe treated badly in most workplaces.CAsk the government for more dole.DSpend more time on job hunting.2、How does Mark Duggan pro

52、ve his opinion in the passage?ABy listing figures. BBy giving examples.CBy performing experiments. DBy analyzing cause and effect.3、What did veterans use to do in the 1980s and 1990s?ARefuse to find jobs. BBe a main labor resource.CHave much trouble finding jobs. DReceive many disability benefits.4、

53、One of the reasons why there are more disabled veterans is that .Adamage from the war is greater than everBveterans have suffered much more than everCthe scale of disabilities has been broadenedDolder veterans arent afraid to admit their disability5、In Cades opinion, the veterans who receive welfare

54、 from the government tend to _.Asave more trouble for the governmentBlead a miserable and unhappy lifeCincreasingly depend on the governmentDsuffer the humiliation of their combat injuries25（10分）Two recent studies have found that punishment is not the best way to influence behavior. One showed that

55、adults are much more cooperative if they work in a system based on rewards. Researchers at Harvard University in the United States and the Stockholm School of Economics in Sweden did the study.They had about two hundred college students play a version of the game known as the Prisoners Dilemma. The

56、game is based on the tension between the interests of an individual and a group. The students played in groups of four. Each player could win points for the group, so they would all gain equally. But each player could also reward or punish each of the other three players. Harvard researcher David Ra

57、nd says the most successful behavior proved to be cooperation. The groups that rewarded the most earned about twice as much in the game as the groups that rewarded the least. And the more a group punished itself, the lower its earnings. The study appeared last month in the journal Science.The other

58、study involved children. It was presented last month in California at a conference on violence and abuse(虐待). Researchers used intelligence tests given to two groups. More than eight hundred children were aged two to four the first time they were tested. More than seven hundred children were aged fi

59、ve to nine. The two groups were retested four years later, and the study compared the results with the first test. Both groups contained children whose parents used physical punishment and children whose parents did not.The study says the IQs of the younger children who were not spanked were five po

60、ints higher than those who were. In the older group, the difference was almost three points. The more they are spanked, the slower their mental development.1、What do we know about the second study?AChildrens IQs have much to do with physical punishment.BThe study is about violence and cooperation of