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1、AIRCRAFT GROUND SCHOOLAGS 1110Martyn Doll AIRCRAFT FLIGHT MANUAL1. GENERAL 2. OPERATING LIMITATIONS3. EMERGENCY PROCEDURES4. NORMAL OPERATING PROCEDURES5. PERFORMANCE6. WEIGHT & BALANCE7. DESCRIPTION OF THE AIRPLANE AND ITS SYSTEM8. HANDLING, PREVENTIVE AND CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE9. SUPPLEMENTS3. EME

2、RGENCY PROCEDURES AIRSPEEDS DURING EMERGENCY PROCEDURES EMERGENCY PROCEDURES - CHECKLISTS- Engine Failures- Gliding- Emergency Landing- Fire- Icing- Recovery from Unintentional Spin- Landing with Defective Tire on Main Landing Gear- Electrical Power Failure- Flap System Failure- Starter Failure- Avi

3、onics System Failure- Trim System Failure- Instrument Panel Lighting FailureAIRSPEEDS DURING EMERGENCY PROCEDURES EMERGENCY PROCEDURES - Engines Failures EMERGENCY PROCEDURES - Engines Failures During T.O. run1. Throttle IDLE2. Brakes . as required3. Flaps . CRUISE4. Mixture . IDLE CUT-OFF5. Ignitio

4、n Switch . OFF6. GEN/BAT Master Switch . OFFEMERGENCY PROCEDURES - Engines Failures After T.O. with insufficient engine power1. Airspeed . 58 KIAS2. Throttle FULL3. Mixture FULL RICH4. Alternate Air . OPEN5. Fuel Shut-off Valve . OPEN6. Ignition Switch BOTH7. Fuel Pump ON Shortly before landing8. Mi

5、xture . IDLE CUTOFF9. Fuel Shut-off Valve . CLOSED10. Ignition Switch . OFF11. Flaps . as required12. GEN/BAT Master Switch . OFFEMERGENCY PROCEDURES - Engines Failures During flight - Engine running roughly1. Mixture . FULL RICH2. Alternate Air . OPEN3. Fuel Shut-off . OPEN4. Fuel Pump . ON5. Ignit

6、ion Switch . cycle L - BOTH - R - BOTH6. Throttle . at present position7. No Improvement . reduce throttle to minimum required power, land as soon as possible.EMERGENCY PROCEDURES - Engines Failures During flight - Loss of oil pressure1. Oil Temperature . check2. If Oil Pressure drops below Green Ar

7、c but Oil Temperature is normal land at nearest airfield3. If Oil Pressure drops below Green Arc and Oil Temperature is rising . reduce throttle to minimum required power; land as soon as possible. Be prepared for engine failure and emergency landingEMERGENCY PROCEDURES - Engines Failures During fli

8、ght - Loss of fuel pressure1. Fuel Pump ON2. If fuel pressure is not restored Land at nearest suitable airport. Be prepared for engine failure and emergency landing.EMERGENCY PROCEDURES - Engines Failures Restarting engine with propeller windmilling1. Airspeed . 73 KIAS2. Mixture . FULL RICH3. Fuel

9、Shut-off Valve . OPEN4. Ignition Switch . BOTH5. Fuel Pump . ON6. Fuel Prime . ON7. Throttle . 2 cm ( in) forward After successful re-start8. Oil Pressure . check9. Oil Temperature check10. Fuel Prime . OFF11. Electrically Powered Equip . ON if requiredEMERGENCY PROCEDURES - Engines Failures Restart

10、ing the engine with propeller at full stop1. Airspeed . 73 KIAS2. Electrically Powered Equip . OFF3. GEN/BAT Master Switch ON4. Mixture . FULL RICH5. Fuel shut off valve OPEN6. Fuel Pump ON7. Fuel Prime ON8. Throttle . 2 cm ( in) forward9. Ignition Switch . START After successful re-start8. Oil Pres

11、sure . check9. Oil Temperature . check10. Fuel Prime . OFF11. Electrically Powered Equip .ON if requiredEMERGENCY PROCEDURES - Gliding 1. Wing Flaps . CRUISE2. Airspeed at 1653 lbs (750 kg) . 73 KIAS3. Glide Ratio 11:1Example: For every 1000 feet of altitude the aircraft can move forward 11,000 feet

12、 or 1.8 NM (3.4 km).EMERGENCY PROCEDURES - Emergency landing Emergency landing with engine off1. Airspeed (Flaps T/O) . 58 KIAS2. Airspeed (Flaps LDG) . 52 KIAS3. Airspeed (Flaps CRUISE) 62 KIAS4. Fuel Shut-off Valve . CLOSED5. Mixture . IDLE CUTOFF6. Ignition Switch . OFF7. Safety Belts . secured8.

13、 Radio Transmit, 121.5 Mhz, giving location and intentions9. Flaps . as required10. GEN/BAT Master Switch . OFF11. After Touch - Down . Apply brakesEMERGENCY PROCEDURES - Emergency landing Precautionary landing with engine power1. Suitable landing area . locate2. Safety Belts . secured3. Mixture FUL

14、L RICH4. Over-fly . landing area5. Climb . circuit altitude6. Contact Air Traffic Services . Transmit, giving location & intentions7. Approach & landing . appropriate to conditionsEMERGENCY PROCEDURES - Emergency landing Precautionary landing with engine power After Touchdown8. Brake . as required9.

15、 Fuel Shut-off Valve . CLOSED10. Mixture . IDLE CUT-OFF11. Ignition Switch . OFF12. GEN/BAT Master Switch . OFFEMERGENCY PROCEDURES -Fire Engine fire during engine-start-up on the ground1. Fuel Shut-off Valve . CLOSED2. Cabin Heat . CLOSED3. Mixture IDLE CUTOFF4. GEN/BAT Master Switch . OFF5. Igniti

16、on Switch OFF6. Evacuate Airplane . immediatelyEMERGENCY PROCEDURES -Fire Engine fire during flight1. Fuel Shut-off Valve . CLOSED2. Cabin Heat . CLOSED3. Airspeed . 73 KIAS4. Fuel Pump OFF5. Emergency landing with engine offEMERGENCY PROCEDURES -Fire Electrical fire including smoke during flight1.

17、GEN/BAT Master Switch OFF2. Cabin Air . OPEN3. Fire Extinguisher . use only if smoke development continues Fire extinguished & electrical power required for continuation of flight4. Avionics Master Switch . OFF5. Electrically Powered Equip . OFF6. Circuit Breakers Pull all circuit breakers.7. Circui

18、t Breakers Push BATTERYEMERGENCY PROCEDURES -Fire Electrical fire including smoke during flight8. GEN/BAT Master Switch . ON BAT only9. Circuit Breakers . Push GEN and GEN CONTROL10. GEN/BAT Master Switch ON11. Circuit Breakers Push AVIONICS and AVIONICS MASTER12. Avionics Master Switch . ON13. Circ

19、uit Breakers Push to activate systems as required14. Radio . ON15. Land . as soon as possibleEMERGENCY PROCEDURES -Fire Electrical fire including smoke on the ground1. GEN/BAT Master Switch OFF If engine running2. Throttle . IDLE3. Mixture . IDLE CUTOFF4. Fuel Shut-off Valve . CLOSED5. Ignition Swit

20、ch . OFF6. Canopy . open7. Fire Extinguisher . discharge as requiredEMERGENCY PROCEDURES -Fire Cabin fire during flight1. GEN/BAT Master Switch OFF2. Cabin Air . OPEN3. Cabin Heat . CLOSED4. Fire Extinguisher . discharge as required5. Land . as soon as possibleEMERGENCY PROCEDURES -Icing Unintention

21、al flight into icing area1. Leave icing area through change of alt. or change of flight direction to reach area with higher OAT2. Control surfaces Continue to move to maintain their moveability.3. Alternate Air . ON4. Throttle . Increase RPM (avoid icing of propeller blades)5. Cabin Heat ON, DEFROST

22、EMERGENCY PROCEDURES -Recovery from unintentional spin1. Throttle . IDLE2. Rudder . fully applied opposite to direction of spin3. Control Stick . ease forward4. Rudder . neutral, after rotation has stopped5. Wing Flaps . CRUISE6. Elevator pull cautiously7. A/C attitude . cruise attitude, speed below

23、 vNEEMERGENCY PROCEDURES - Landing with Defective Tire on Main Landing Gear1. Final approach . flaps in LDG position 2. Land airplane . side of runway opposite to the side with the defective tire 3. Landing . crosswind input 4. Nose-wheel . on ground as soon as possible after touch-down 5. Aileron .

24、 fully applied in the direction of non-defective tire EMERGENCY PROCEDURES -Electrical power failure Total electrical failure1. Battery Circuit Breaker . If tripped, reset 2. GEN/BAT Master Switch . check ON 3. Master Switch . OFF if power not restored 4. If Unsuccessful . Land at nearest suitable a

25、irport EMERGENCY PROCEDURES -Electrical power failure Generator failure GEN. Annunciator Illuminated 1. GEN/BAT Master Switch . Cycle Generator Master Switch OFF - ON 2. Generator Circuit Breaker . If tripped, reset 3. Generator CONTROL Circuit Breaker . If tripped, reset 4. If Generator cant be bro

26、ught on-line . Switch OFF all non-flight essential electrical consumers5. Ammeter and Voltmeter . Monitor6. Land . at nearest suitable airportEMERGENCY PROCEDURES -Electrical power failure Low voltage indicationNeedle in yellow arc while airplane on ground 1. Engine RPM . Increase RPM until needle i

27、n Green Arc. Should occur prior exceeding 1100 RPM2. Non-flight essential electrical consumers . Switch OFF consumers until needle in Green Arc 3. Needle remains in the yellow arc & ammeter indicating a discharge . Discontinue planned flight EMERGENCY PROCEDURES -Electrical power failure Low voltage

28、 indicationNeedle in yellow arc during flight1. All non-flight essential electrical consumers . Switch OFF 2. Needle remaining in yellow arc & ammeter is indicating a discharge . See Generator FailureEMERGENCY PROCEDURES -Flap system failure Flap position indicator failure1. Flap position . visual c

29、heck2. Airspeed . within white arc 3. Flap toggle switch . check all positions4. Approach and landing . modify as follows only CRUISE available: - approach speed . raised by 10 kts - throttle . as required - approach angle . flat only T/O available: - approach speed . normal- throttle . as required

30、- approach angle . flat EMERGENCY PROCEDURES -Starter relay failure Starter doesnt disengage after starting the engine (start light remains illuminated)1. Throttle . IDLE 2. Mixture . IDLE CUTOFF 3. Ignition Switch . OFF4. Planned flight . discontinue5. Maintenance . requiredEMERGENCY PROCEDURES -Av

31、ionics system failure Total avionics failure1. Avionics Master Circuit Breaker . If popped, press and monitor status, pops again, land at nearest suitable airport 2. Avionics Master Switch . Toggle, if avionics remains off-line, pull avionics master control circuit breaker 3. Land . at nearest suita

32、ble airport if operation is not restored EMERGENCY PROCEDURES - Avionics system failure Radio system operative, no reception1. Microphone Key . check for stuck Microphone Key on transceiver display2. Headphones . check, deactivate SQUELCH for a few moments, if SQUELCH not heard, check headset connectionEMERGENCY PROCEDURES - Avionics system failure Radio