外研版选修八module1重点知识与练习

1、遵守诺言尤其，特别万一adapt tostand out set foot on come into sight be trapped break upI .单词荟萃explorer adj.探险者f explore vt.探险；勘探f n.（对某地区的）勘探adj荒凉的，不适宜居住的f hospitable adj. 好客的fhospitality n .殷勤好客commercial adj.商业的f n商业；贸易promote v .促进，增进f n提升；晋升；促进adj.正式的，仪式性的fceremony n .仪式典礼；礼节；礼仪n.缺乏；没有fabsent adj.缺席的；不在的；缺

2、乏的tiresome adj.烦人的；令人讨厌的；令人厌倦的f adj.疲劳的；累的；厌倦的；厌烦的f tiring adj.引起疲劳的；累人的depressing adj.令人沮丧的；令人抑郁的fdepress v .使抑郁；使沮丧；使消沉f adj.沮丧的；消沉的discourage v .阻止；打消的念头f v鼓舞；鼓励f courage n .勇气adj.常规的；普通的f convention n .常规，习俗n.鼓舞；启示finspire v .鼓舞；激励f inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的n .短语检测适应突出；显眼3进入；到达进入视野5陷入，被困在 （使）破裂，分解7扎营

3、想出（主意等）. 冒险10. 精神抖擞，保持高昂的情绪set up campcome up withkeep one s promisetake a riskin particularkeep one s spirits upin case ofm .佳句再现 Yet Antarctica is full of wildlife, which its extreme conditions.但是南极洲仍然栖息着很多野生生物，它们已经适应了那里极其恶劣的条件。 Antarctica was the last continent .南极洲是最后一个被发现的大陆。 We re radio and el

4、ectronic communications.除了有无线电和电子通信，我们完全是与世隔绝的。 Medical assistance is available .万一有紧急情况你可以获得医疗救助。 Not until the late 18th century James Cook cross the Antarctic Circle, but he never sawland.直到18世纪末，英国探险家詹姆斯库克才穿越了南极圈，但他却从未发现任何陆地。W .单元语法Review of subjects ； Review of verbsesp carefully ，1 state n 州，

5、国家， 政府； 状态， 状况； 情况， 情形 vt.(to express sth. in spoken or written wordsfully and clearly） 陈述或说明（某事）（尤指仔细、详尽而明确地）(1)in a state of/in a state处于状况a poor state of health健康欠佳state school国立学校(2)state one s views陈述自己的见解(3)make/issue a statement发表声明【活学活用】1) The house was .(state)那房子很脏。He positively that he ha

6、d never seen the man.(state)他肯定地说他从未见过那个男子。value n 价值；用途，积极作用 vt. 评价，估价；重视good value (for money) ( 钱 )花得值；物有所值没有价值的；没有用的重视；珍视估(某物的)价位很有用的；很重要的；宝贵的无价的，非常珍贵的没有价值的；不值钱的of no valuevalue as - value at valuable adj. invaluable adj. valueless adj.【易混辨析】price ， cost ， value ， worth ， charge 和 expenseprice意为

7、“价钱”，指卖方对物品所要求的价格，高于cost 。cost 意为“代价，成本” ，指对货物所付的一切代价，如制作、包装、运输费用。value意为“价值”，指按人的主观判断，对物品本身内在用途的评价。如：I paid him $500 for the painting ， but its real value must be about $50,000. 这幅画我付给他500 美元，但它真正的价值大约是50,000美元。worth 意为“价值” ，指物体本身永远不变的价值，含着一定数量的金额，用法比较特殊。如：ten pounds worth of apples 价值 10 英镑的苹果(5)

8、charge 意为“索价，收费，费用”,指为其提供服务后所要求付的价钱，也可以用作动词。常用短语:charge sb.钱 for sth. ； free of charge 免费。(6) expense 意为开支，花费”，指对的实际开支金额。常用短语：at the expense of ; at one s expense(以为开支或代价 ) 。【活学活用】根据汉语意思完成句子He the house for me at 20,000 pounds.那栋房子他替我估价 20,000 英镑。I very much.我非常重视你的建议。This car is your money.这辆汽车你买得很

9、合算。根据语境选用price ， cost ， value ， worth ， charge 或 expense 填空Marriage and other have made me poor.What is the for a day at the hotel?Most restaurants now include the tip in the of the meal.The use of cheap labor helped to keep down.The winner will receive ten pounds of books.trapv 使陷入圈套，使中计；使陷入困境；卡住，夹

10、住n 圈套；陷阱be trapped _ (to be in a bad situation from which youcannot escape)被困在/陷入困境fall into a trap 上当，落入圈套设圈套lay a trap for【情景记忆】Ouch, I fall into a trap!【活学活用】.根据汉语意思完成句子The firefighters were trying to rescue those the burning hotel.消防队员们正在努力营救困在燃烧着的旅馆里面的那些人。.单项填空The fox fell into the the hunters

11、had set for it.A. bush B. trap C. trick D. circletrick 把【解析】B 本题考查名词辨析。句意为：狐狸落入猎人给它设计的陷阱里。bush树丛；trap戏；circle圈，圆圈。4 promote vt.促进，推动；促销，推销；提升，晋升promotion n .提升，提拔；晋级；推广promote sb. from to 某人从提升/晋升至promote growth/understanding促进增长/了解【活学活用】Your job is.你的工作是促销这一新产品。the rank of captain.The young army of

12、ficer这个年轻军官被提升为上尉。discourage vt. 使气馁；阻碍(1)discourage sb. from doing sth.劝阻某人别做某事(2)discouraged adj.感到泄气的(3)discouraging adj.令人泄气的【活学活用】1 根据汉语意思完成句子2 单项填空Hearing theresult ， he felt听了这个令人泄气的结果，他感到很泄气。The college students in China arefrom smoking on campus because this will do them nogood.A discourage

13、dB observedC obeyedD obtainedA 本题考查动词辨析。句意为：中国的大学生被劝阻别在大学吸烟，因为这对他们没有任何好处。相对 observe “观察” ， obey “遵守” ， obtain “获得” ，只有 discourage 表示“劝阻” ，符合题意。risk n.风险；冒险 vt.冒的危险(1) risky adj.充满危险或风险的；C passingD carrying有很大危险或风险的risk one s health/fortune/life冒丧失健康/ 财富 /生命之险take a risk (risks)/take the risk of doin

14、g sth.冒险 (做可能失败或有危险的事)run the risk of doing sth.冒险做某事at the risk of doing sth. 冒做某事的危险at risk 有危险；冒风险【经典句式】There is a risk that 有的风险。【活学活用】根据汉语意思完成句子He to save mine.他冒着生命危险来救我。By criticizing her boss ， she risked .批评老板，她冒着丢掉职位之险。the crisis may spread further. 危机有进一步蔓延的风险。单项填空It would be a risk to le

15、t the child go to school by himself.A runningB followingA 句意为：让孩子单独去学校是冒风险的事。run a risk意思是“冒风险袖手旁观；支持代表；意指站起来维护，支持经得起（检验）站住，不许动。短语1 stand out 出色，杰出；更为重要stand bystand forstand upstand up for sb./sth.stand up(to sth.)Stand still.【活学活用】1 根据语境用 stand 短语的适当形式填空Her work from the rest as easily the best.Ho

16、w can you and let him treat his dog like that?2 单项填空I have no idea what these two lettersA stand upB stand byC stand forD stand atstand for 代C 句意为：我不知道这两个字母代表什么。 stand up 起立； stand by 支持，袖手旁观；表。2 break up（使）断开；（使）破碎；破裂；解散突然离开；逃走；脱离；放弃break away发生；爆发break outbreak through突破；克服；打破break down失败，落空；出故障；（

17、健康，情绪等）崩溃，垮掉【活学活用】根据语境用 break 短语的适当形式填空She from him and ran to the window.What s worse ， his marriage has just .Several demonstrators（ 示威者 ） the barriers despite warnings from the police.You will sooner or later if you go on ignoring your health.I .单词拼写 The president came under （ 严厉的 ）criticism for

18、his handling of the crisis. The Prime Minister s visit will p the cooperation between the two countries. I m （极度 ）sorry for the delay. We （权衡 ） the advantages of living in a big city against the disadvantages and decided to move tothe country. If you meet with any difficulty in your study， don t be

19、d.n .选词填空fail to ， on average ， discourage sb. from doing ， break out ， date back to He never write to his mother every week. The history of humanity may the Ice Age. Should another world war , what would become of human beings?. , 15 pounds worth of goods is stolen every day. We giving up the job a

20、nd he followed our advice.m .单项填空 I m surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have . So am I. They seemed very happy together when I last saw them.A broken upB finished upC divided upD closed up【解析】 A 本题考查动词短语辨析。 break up 断绝关系； finish up 结果成为，最终到来； divide up 分担， 分配，分享； close up （ 伤口 ）愈合。How about your j

21、ourney to Mount Emei? Everything was wonderful except that our car twice on the way.A slowed downB broke downC got downD put down【解析】 B 本题考查动词短语辨析。 答语的意思是： 除了我们的车在途中抛锚了两次外， 一切都顺利。 break down 抛锚，出故障； slow down 减速，慢下来； get down 记下，写下； put down 放下，记下，镇压。所以该题的答案 为 B 项。 Not until the motorbike looked alm

22、ost newrepairing and cleaning it.A he stoppedB did he stopC stopped heD he did stop【解析】 B 本题考查倒装。 not until 位于句首，要求主句部分倒装。 I had to apologize to Mr Smith for to keep the appointment.A tryingB failingC trying notD not failing【解析】 B 句意为：我因为没能赴约不得不向斯密斯先生道歉。 fail to do sth. 没能做某事。 for 后面用动名词形式。 Does this car give you good for your money?A valueB priceC worthD cost【解析】 A good value for money 值得花那么多的钱。 The of his clothes indicated too clearly that he had been playing football.A stateB conditionC occasionD situation【解析】 A 本题考查名词辨析。句