八年级英语上册Unit 1 Section A Grammar Focus-3c

1、Section A Grammar Focus-3cObjectivesTo practice the usage of anyone, someone, everyone, anything, something, everything and nothing.To learn new words: myself, yourself, hen, pig, seem, bored, someone, diaryTo sum up the simple past tense.Where did you go on your vacation?Did you go to the zoo?Were

2、there any?What else did you do?Lets talk!Where did you go on vacation?I went to New York City. Did you go out with anyone?No, no one was here. Everyone was on vacation.Did you buy anything special?Yes, I bought something for my father.How was the food?No, I bought nothing.Did everyone have a good ti

3、me?Oh, yes. Everything was excellent.Grammar Focus1. 你去了什么地方去度假？ _ _ you go on _?2. 我去了纽约市。 I _ _ New York City.3. 你和别的什么人一起去的吗？ _ _ go out with _?vacationWhere did went toDid youanyone认真读并观察Grammar focus内容，完成下列句子并试着总结一般过去时态的用法。 4. 不，没有别人在这儿。每个人都在度假。 No. _ _ was here. _ was on _. 5. 你买了什么特别的东西了吗？ _

4、you buy _ _?6. 是的，我为我爸爸买了些东西。 Yes, I _ _ for my father. 7. 不，我没有买什么东西。 No, I _ _.No oneEveryone vacationanything specialDidbought somethingbought nothing8. 吃的怎么样？_ _ the food? 9. 所有的东西尝起来都很好。 _ _ really good. 10. 每个人都玩得很开心吗？ _ _ have a good time?11. 哦，是的。一切都很棒。 Oh, yes. _ was excellent. How wasEvery

5、thing tastedDid everyoneEverythingThe simple past tense一般过去时1.定义: 1) 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语(如yesterday, last night, in 1990, two days ago.)连用；2) 也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和表示频度的时间状语(如often, always)连用。一般过去时有哪些时间状语可以用来描述过去？一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语或从句连用。a）时间状语 ago (two hours ago) (一段时间+ago) yesterday (句子开头或结尾)

6、 the day before yesterday last week, last (year, night, month) 具体时间 (如Jan. fourth)just nowat the age ofone daylong agoonce upon a time（很久以前）and so onthis morninglong long ago SentencesI did my homework yesterday.I played soccer last Sunday.I cleaned my room last week.I went to the beach three years

7、ago.I played tennis with my friends last weekend.I went to the movies three days ago.注：“过去”的概念并不是只指如“yesterday, last week”等，实际上“与现在对立的过去”，亦即“非现在的以前”，哪怕是“过了说话时间的几分钟之前”，只要所要表达的时间与说话时的“现在”形成对立，就必须使用一般过去时来表达。在谈到已死去的人的情况时，多用过去时。e.g. Hewashereonlyafewminutesago. 仅仅几分钟前他还在这里。 Icamehomejustnow. 我刚回到家。 Igotu

8、pveryearlythismorning. 今天早晨我起床很早。 Hewaslateforschoolagaintoday. 今天他又迟到了。a) 动词变化规则规则变化:1. 直接加ed： work worked look looked play played 2. 以e结尾的单词，直接加d： live lived hope hoped use used3. 以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i加ed： study studied carry carried worry worried 4. 以元音字母+y结尾的，直接加ed： enjoy enjoyed play played 5. 以重读闭音节

9、结尾的，双写最后的辅音字母+ed： stop stopped plan planned 规则动词过去式词尾-ed的读音读音规则读 音例 词在浊辅音和元音后面 /d/ moved /mu:vd/ 在浊辅音和元音后面/t/ passed /pa:st/在清辅音后面/id/needed /ni:did/am, is was are werego went do didhave had come cametake took say saideat ate see sawget got put putsleep slept give gavewrite wrote read readb) 动词不规则变化

10、/red/buy bought sit sat run ran swim swam make made feel felt hear heard grow grew tell told know knew find foundbegin began bring broughtstand stood spend spentcatch caught teach taught动词不规则变化基本结构：be动词的过去式PresentPastamwasiswasarewere单数复数I was we wereyou were (一個人) you were (不只一人)she was they werehe

11、 wasit was肯定句：主语+was(were)+其它. e.g. Iwaslateyesterday. 昨天我迟到了。否定句：主语+was(were)+not+其它. e.g. Wewerentlateyesterday. 我们昨天没迟到。Be动词的一般过去时态构成：疑问句：Was(Were)+主语+其它? e.g. Wereyouillyesterday? 你昨天病了吗？肯定回答：Yes,Iwas. 是的，我病了。 否定句：No,Iwasnt. 不，我没病。特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was(were)+主语+其它? e.g. Whenwereyouborn? 你是什么时候出生的？A:Ho

12、w your vacation, Lin?B: It pretty good.A: How the beaches?B: They great.A: How the weather?B: It hot and wet.A: How the people?B: They unfriendly.A:How the stores?B: They expensive.waswaswerewerewaswaswerewerewerewerebe am/is(was) are(were)Be动词填空肯定句要使用动词的过去式，否定句和疑问句要使用助动词do和does的过去式did。肯定句：主语+动词过去式+

13、其它. e.g. Iwenthomeatnineoclockyesterday. 我昨天九点钟回的家。否定句：主语+didnt+动词原形+其它. e.g. Ididntgohomeyesterday. 我昨天没回家。 实义动词的一般过去时态疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其它. e.g. Didyougohomeyesterday?你昨天回家了吗？肯定回答：Yes,Idid. 是的，我回了。否定回答：No,Ididnt. 不，我没回家。一般过去式的构成形式肯定式疑问式否定式I worked .Did I work .I did not work .He /She/It worked .Did

14、he /she/it work .He /She/It did not work .We worked .Did we work .We did not work .You worked .Did you work .You did not work .They worked .Did they work .They did not work .动词一般过去时，表示过去发生的事；be用was或用were, have, has变had；谓语动词过去式，过去时间作标志；一般动词加-ed，若是特殊得硬记。否定句很简单，主语之后didnt添；疑问句也不难，did放在主语前；如果谓语之前有did，谓语动

15、词需还原；动词若是was, were,否定就把not添。易记歌谣Last summer, I _to the beach with my parents. My vacation _pretty good . I _there by bus _my bus trip_ relaxing. The beach _very beautiful . It _sunny. I _ beach volleyball and _swimming. The people _friendly and the food was _. I _my vacation very much and I _to go t

16、here again. wentwaswentandwaswaswasweredeliciousenjoyedhopeplayedwentWrite about your vacation and give a report.某人某事任何人任何事没有人没有东西每人一切someoneanyoneno oneeveryonesomebodyanybodynobody everybodysomethinganythingnothingeverything复合不定代词小结： 1. some, any, no, every与-one, -thing ，-body可以 组成复合不定代词，他们分别是：2.

17、复合不定代词用法 (1) some系列的不定代词和some一样主要用于肯 定句；any系列的不定代词和any一样主要用于否 定或疑问句。如： There is _ wrong with my bike. 我的自行车出毛病了。 I cant see _in the classroom. 在教室里我没看见任何人。somethinganyone 不过，在表示请求、建议或征求意见的疑问句中常用some系列的词。eg. Would you like _to drink? 你想要一些喝的东西吗？在表达“任何”这一含义的肯定句中也要用any系列的词。eg. I think _ can do it. 我认为任

18、何人都会做。anyonesomething(2) 修饰复合不定代词something, anyone等的adj,adv,to do不定式等要放在不定代词的后面。如： Did you meet _? 你遇见有趣的人了吗？ I have _ to do today. 我今天没什么事可做。 Theres _ in the newspaper today. 今天的报纸里有一些重要的内容。anyone interestingnothing something important(4) no 系列的不定代词可与not.any 系列 的不定代词替换。 eg. I bought nothing.= I_buy

19、 _. 我什么也没买。didntanything(3)这些不定代词作主语时看作单数，谓语动词用单数形式。 eg. Everyone _ on vacation last weekends. 上周末所有的人都在度假。wasLinda: Did you do_ fun on your vacation, Alice? Alice: Yes, I did. I went to Sanya.Linda: How did you like it? Alice: Well, it was my first time there, so_ was really interesting. Fill in th

20、e blanks with the words in the box and practice the conversation.anythingeverything3aanyone something anything everything nothingLinda: Did you go with_? Alice: Yes, I did. I went with my sister.Linda: Did you go shopping? Alice: Of course! I bought_ for my parents, but _for myself.Linda: Why didnt

21、you buy_ for yourself? Alice: I didnt really see _I liked.anyonesomethingnothinganythinganythingDear Bill,How was your vacation? Did you do _ interesting? Did _ in the family go with you? I went to a friends farm in the countryside with my family. _ was great. anything everything nothing everyone no

22、 oneFill in the blanks in the e-mail message with the words in the box.anythingeveryoneEverything3bWe fed some hens and saw some baby pigs. They were so cute! The only problem was that there was _ much to do in the evening but read. Still _ seemed to be bored. Bye for now!Marknothingno oneDid youEve

23、ryone Someone(write the classmatesname )No oneeat anything at a restaurant?read anything interesting?visit anyone in your family?buy anything?keep a diary? Ask your group questions about their lastvacation. Then tell the class your results.3cIn our group, everyone ate something at a restaurant. 2. a

24、nyone, someone, everyone, no one, anything, something, everything , nothing 等复合不定代词 的用法。Summary1. 一般过去时态的构成、用法， 动词过去式的构成规则。1. get 2. say 3. have 4. be 5. tell 6. think 7. write 8. drive 9. run 10. read .写出下列单词的过去式。gotsaidhadwas, weretoldthoughtwrotedroveranreadExercises11. see 12. stand 13. put 14.

25、eat 15. buy 16. drink 17. sleep 18. come 19. play 20. study 21. listen sawstoodputateboughtdranksleptcameplayedstudiedlistened. 用所给动词的适当形式填空。We _ (live) in Japan last year.Jack_ (stop) the car last Sunday.Tom _ (clean) his room and _ (study) for the Chinese test last weekend.4. What _ you _(do) last

26、 night?5. On Sunday morning I _ (play) tennis.livedstoppedcleanedstudieddiddoplayed. 句型转换。 1. Lucydidherhomeworkathome.(改否定句) 2. Hefoundsomemeatinthefridge(冰箱). (变一般疑问句) 3. Shestayedthereforaweek. (画线部分提问) Lucydidntdo herhomeworkathome.Did hefind anymeatinthefridge?How long did shestaythere?4. She went to the beach last Sunday. (变一般疑问句)5.They stayed at home on vacation.(就画线部分提问)Did she go to the beach last Sunday?Where did they stay on vacation?6. The weather was hot and humid. (变否定句)7. Nancy went to the cinema last n