高考英语一轮复习：同义词辨析讲义

1、易混词辨析1. close 与 shut关门，关窗，闭眼、闭嘴等用close或shut均可。 Shut ： can suggest more noise and is often found in phrases such as slammed shut, banged shut, snapped.可含发出较大声音之义,常见于slammed shut, banged shut, snapped shut （的一声关上）等短语中。关上盒子，手提箱等亦常用shuto商店、办事处等停业或不办公用close或shut均可e.g., What time do the banks close/ shut?

2、银行什么时候关门？e.g.9 A strike has shut the factory.工使工停业。 Close: is used in front of a noun, but shut is not.closed 可用于名词前,shut 贝U 不能eg, a closed window 关着的窗户 封闭、机场关闭等常用closede.g.9 The road is closed because of the snow.这条路因下雪而封闭。 close用于正式英语 中，表示结束会议或谈话。cheat, fbol9 deceive, betray, take in, trickcheat :

3、 to make sb believe sth that is not true, in order to get money or sth else from them指为得到钱财或其他东西而欺骗e.g.，She is accused of attempting to cheat the taxman她被指控企图蒙骗税务员。e.g.9 He cheated his way into the job.他骗取了这份工作.Cheat also means to act in a dishonest way in order to gain an advantage, especially in a

4、 game, competition or exam. * cheat 指在游戏，竞赛 或考试中作弊、舞弊eg, Youre not allowed to look at the answers-thafs cheating.你们不许看答案，那是作弊。fool ： to make sb believe sth that is not true, especially in order to laugh at them or to get what you want 指蒙骗、愚弄e.g.，Just donft be fooled into investing any money with the

5、m.别上当受骗，同他们一起搞什么投资。deceive： to make sb believe sth that is not true, especially sb who trusts you, in order to get what you want尤指利用别人的信任欺骗，蒙骗，证骗e.g., She deceived him into handing over all his savings.她把他所有的积蓄都骗走了。betray : to hurt sb who trusts you, especially by deceiving them or not being loyal t

6、o them指辜负别人的信任，出卖e.g.? She felt betrayed when she found out the truth about him.她发现他的真实情况时，感到受了欺骗。take sb in : often passive to deceive sb, usually in order to get what you want指为个人目的而欺骗，常用被动e.g.? I was taken in by her story.我被她的花言巧语蒙骗了。trick : to deceive sb, especially in a clever way, in order to

7、ger what you want it.尤其指以巧妙的方式欺骗、欺诈choose, select, pick, decide, optchoose : to decide which thing or person you want out of the ones that are available指选择，选取人或物e.g., You choose-T can!t decide.你来选吧，我拿不定主意。select: to choose sb/sth, usually carefully, from a group of people or things 指仔细选择、挑选e.g.，He w

8、as selected fbr the team.他已入选进队了.e.g.9 a randomly selected sample of 23 schools.随机抽选的23所学校pick : (rather informal) to choose sb/sth from a group of people or things 选 择,较正式e.g.，She picked the best cake fbr herself.她为自己挑了一块最好的蛋糕。decide : to choose between two or more possibilities 在两个或更多可能的 情况中做出抉择、决

9、定、选择e.g.? Were still trying to decide on a venue.我们仍在设法选定一个活动地点。opt : to choose to take or not to take a particular course of action 指选择是 否采取某种行动e.g.5 After graduating she opted fbr a career in music.毕业后她选择了从事音乐工作。e.g.9 After a lot of thought, I opted against buying a motorbike.经过反复考虑，我决定不买摩托车。sugge

10、st 与 advise(D suggest:suggest ones doing sth._ suggest sb. (should) do advise:advise sb. to do sth._ advise sb. (should) doclear, obvious, apparent, evident clear： easy to see or understand and leaving no doubts 指显而易见的、 明白易懂的、清楚的、明确e.g.9 It was quite clear to me that she was lying.我十分清楚她在撒谎。obvious

11、: easy to see or understand指明显的,显然易理解的 e.g.? Its obvious from what he said that something is wrong.根据他所说的，显然是出问题了。 apparent : easy to see or understand 指显而易见，明白易懂 e.g.9 It was apparent from her face that she was really upset.从面容上一眼就可以看出她确实心绪烦乱。 evident ： easy to see or understand指清楚的，明白的,显然的 e.g.? T

12、he orchestra played with evident enjoyment.管弦乐队演奏得兴致勃勃。mark, stain, fingerprintmark： a small area of dirt or other substance on the surface of sth, especially one that spoils its appearance 污点、污迹、斑点 e.g.9 The kids left dirty marks all over the kitchen floor.孩子们把厨房的地板弄得污迹斑斑。Stain: a dirty mark on sth

13、 that is difficult to remove, especially one made by a liquid指污点，污迹e.g.9 blood stains 血迹3) fingerprint: a mark on a surface made by the pattern of lines on the end of a persons finger, often used by the police to identify criminals 指指纹， 指印: e.g.? Her fingerprints were all over the gun.支枪上布满了她的指纹。rat

14、e, charge, fee, rent, fine以上各词均指所收取或付出的费用。(D rate： a fixed amount of money that is asked or paid fbr sth 指所索取或付出 的价格，费用eg, a low hourly rate of pay 按小时支付的低报酬 interest rates 利率charge: an amount of money that is asked fbr goods or services 指商品或月艮 务的要价，收费e.g.9 an admission charge 入场费fee： (rather formal) an amount of money that you have to pay for professional advice or services, to go to a school or college, or to join an organization 指专 业服务费、咨询费、学费，会费e.g.9 legal fees 诉讼费 an annual membership fee 年度会费rent: an amount of money that you regularly have to pay fbr use of a building or