英语基础班j0001-0701讲义

1、基础语法篇 No.1 句子类型第 01 讲 句子类型【No.1 句子类型】1.11.21.3句子成分基本句型句子结构NODE00：针对本讲义提问讲义【No.1.1 句子成分】主语谓语宾语定语状语表语讲义NODE00：针对本讲义提问【回忆：词类】讲义NODE001）主语：句子所：针对本讲义提问明的人或事物，主要是名词、代词、不定式、动词 ing 和从句Technological progress creates competitive advantage. 科技进步创造竞争优势。2）谓语：说明主语的动作或状态，主要是动词或动词短语，有人称、数的变化。creates简单谓语：动词/不同时态复合谓语

2、：情态动词+动词be comed of或动词+不定式结构 You need to consult a lawyer；系动词+表语讲义NODE00：针对本讲义提问3）宾语：及物动词动作的对象，主要是名词、代词、不定式、动词ing 和从句，与主语类似 advantage直接宾语：表示动作的承受者或结果 I study English间接宾语：表示动作是对谁或为谁做的I teach you English复合宾语：宾语+宾语补足语，之间逻辑是主谓关系I teach you to learn English4）定语：限定或修饰名词，主要是形容词、代词、数词、名词所有格、动词 ing,常和名词名词短语T

3、echnological Competitive讲义NODE00：针对本讲义提问5）状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词，表示程度、比较、原因、目的、时间、方式等，主要是副词、介词短语等The sales revenue could be reliably measured.收入的金额能够可靠地计量。句We could measure the sales revenue reliably.变主动ly, Secondly, Lastly/Last but not the least, All in all/In6）表语：系动词后表示主语的介词短语、从句等Creating value is the goa

4、l of finan或特征，主要是名词、代词、形容词、动词 ing、不定式、l management.讲义NODE00【No.1.2 基本句型】1）主语+谓语：针对本讲义提问主语+谓语+宾语（直接/间接/复合）主语+谓语（连系动词）+表语4）句型5）肯定 VS 否定形式讲义NODE00：针对本讲义提问主语+谓语 S+V谓语：动词多为不及物动词，比如appear, rise, fall, flow, happen, come, apologize 等Sales rose smoothly in 2012.有些及物动词和不及物动词可以互相转化主语+谓语+宾语 S+V+O谓语：动词多为及物动词，比如

5、 illustrate, represent, announce, mean, supply, cover 等OEM represents Original Equipment Manufacturer OEM 指原始设备制造商讲义NODE00：针对本讲义提问3）主语+谓语+表语 S+V+P谓语为连系动词表示状态的连系动词 be, look, seem, appear, remain, continue, stay 等e, grow, turn, go, fall, prove, fall, get 等表示转变或结果的连系动词Sales continue increasing in 2014.

6、The market in Chinaes very competitive in 2014.：针对本讲义提问NODE00句型讲义4）主+be+过去分词+其他讲义NODE00：针对本讲义提问一般进行完成现在Am/is/are recognizedAm/is/are being recognizedHave/has been recognized过去Was/were recognizedWas/were being recognizedHad been recognized将来Shall/will be recognizedShall/will being recognizedWill/shal

7、l have been recognized否定式：形式中的第一个助动词后加 not肯定式：The sales are recognized in 2014.否定式：The Sales are not recognized in 2014.肯定式：The expenses shall be recognized in 2015.否定式：The expenses shall not be recognized in 2015. 5）肯定 VS 否定形式在 BE 动词、助动词或情态动词后加notThe finanl sements are not correct.The sales should

8、not be recognized in 2013.在实义动词前加助动词再加 notThe staff does not know the accounting standards in. No, never, seldom, hardly, nobody 等否定词Seldom staff knows the accounting standards in .Nobody knows the accounting standards in .讲义NODE00：针对本讲义提问【No.1.3 句子种类】简单句-基本句型并列句复合句讲义NODE002）并列句：针对本讲义提问由并列连词连接的两个或多个

9、句子都是对等并列关系并列连词包括：And 并列、动作先后、结果等关系 Not onlybut also：不但而且 Neithernor：既不也不 Eitheror：或者或者But：转折（Yet）、对比，用于句首/yet 前可加 and, but 前不可加However：然而、，表转折，可用于句首、句中或句尾，需要用逗号将其与句子分开When 当时，放在第二个分句句首While 对照关系，比 but 语气弱So/Thus/Therefore 并列句的因果关系，不与 because, since 连用讲义NODE00：针对本讲义提问3）复合句：句子的成分有一个或以上从句主语从句：What I want to pass is CICPA表语从句：CICPA is what I want to pass宾