全新版大学英语第四册 01

1、全新版大学英语第四册 01Unit one Fighting with the Forces of NaturePre-Reading taskpre-reading taskHurricane Cave in Snow StormVolcano GaleMud-rock flowwhat can you see fromPre-reading taskAnswer OneAnswer TwoAnswer Threehow to fight with Answer one: Man changes nature in order to live. however man must also b

2、e careful not to disregard the laws of nature.Pre-reading taskBackAnswer three: To save all the resources and keep the natural balance. Answer two: Summon up all human beings to protect the environment Text analysisThe icy defender What does icy defender refer to in this text?Two subtitles indicate

3、there are two historical events to illustrate the theme. Text analysisThe icy defender Napoleons Campaign Hitlers InvasionNapoleon Bonaparte is the Emperor of the French. He is one of the greatest military commanders. He ever conquered the larger part of Europe.The Battle of Waterloo ( 1815)Napoleon

4、s Campaign to Russia (1812) turned out to be an empty victory.Adolf Hitler is the German political and military leader and one of the 20th centurys most powerful dictators.He converted Germany into a fully militarized society and launched WWin 1939.He built the Nazi party and hope to conquer the ent

5、ire world but defeated finally.Hitlers invasion of Soviet Union happened on June 22,1941 but turned out to be a military disaster for him.Text analysis : (Two invasions)RussiaNapoleonSpring ,1812600,000Smolensk, Borodino, the Berezina RiverSnow, freezing temperatureSoviet UnionHitler6/22/1941The lar

6、gest land campaign in historyLeningrad, stalingradHeavy rain, general mud, snow, freezing temperatureText analysis: (The two invasions)October 1812,when Napoleon ordered a retreatOnly 100,000 survivedNapoleon abdicated and went into exile, his empire at an end1943, when the Soviet troops pushed the

7、German forces backHeavy lossesHitler committed suicide, his empire collapsingBut he was not prepared for the devastating enemy that met him in Moscow-the raw bitter, bleak Russian winter.但是他没有料到在莫斯科遭遇劲敌- 俄罗斯阴冷凄苦的寒冬。1.Desolate(没希望的（荒凉的）（阴冷的）Structure and uages2. To his surprise, the Russians refused

8、to stand and fight.To ones surprise 令人吃惊的是To ones delight 令人高兴的是To ones relief 令人欣慰的是To ones disappointment 令人失望的是To ones regret 令人遗憾的是3. By nightfall, thirty thousand French and forty-four thousand Russians lay dead or wounded on the battlefield.Exhausted horses fell dead in their tracks.Some intra

9、nsitive like fall, lie, sit ,drop can be followed by an adjective which describes the subject of the sentence instead of the action of the verb.p19Verb+ Adjective 6, The elements of nature must be reckoned with in any military campaign.任何军事行动都必须考虑到自然的因素。Be reckoned with: be taken into consideratione

10、.g. All these problems had to be reckoned with as they arose. She is a woman to be reckoned withText analysisBackWords and patternsAlliance campaign casualty conquest crucial decisive declaration efficient engage heroic instruct invasion launch limp minus occupation offensive raw reckon region rende

11、r retreat siege stroke toll weaken at the cost of be faced with be bogged down bring to a halt catch guard die from drag on in the case of press on stand in the way take a gamble take a toll thanks to turn the tide (against) vocabulary.launch: start 开始；send (sth.) on its course发射搭配：launch an attack

12、发动进攻 launch a company 开一家公司 launch threats at somebody 向某人发出威胁 launch a massive campaign 发动一场大规模的运动 Campaign: a series of military operations or planned activities with a particular aim.战役，战争Some people complained that too much money had been spent on political campaigns.1939年德国征服了波兰。1.The year 1939

13、 had witnessed the conquest of Poland by Germany.conquest: n.defeat ,征服，打败 v.conquerretreat: vi./n. move back or withdraw when faced with danger or difficulty撤退,退却1. We adopted the following strategies: when the enemy advances, we retreat; when they retreat, we pursue.我们采用了以下策略：敌进我退，敌退我进。朝前进 advance

14、 against( on/to/toward)从撤退retreat from撤退到retreat tobe bogged down: be unable to make progress陷入泥潭，不能前进汽车陷入了泥塘。The car got bogged down in the mud.2.The talks with the workers got bogged down on the question of working hours. （比喻）与工人就工作时间问题的会谈陷入了僵局。engage : v.(1) begin fighting with sb. 与交战他们与敌人交战。The

15、y engaged the enemy. (2）( cause to) take part in or do 使从事we tried to engage him in our conversation but in vain.engage ( sb.) in sth. 使某人从事某事被动：sb. be engaged in sth. (3) occupy 占用（时间，精力等）工作占去她很多时间。Work engages much of her time.press on/ ahead: continue doing sth. in a determined way(不顾困难继续进行）Press

16、 on/ ahead with sth.Our school authorities are keen to press on with educational reform.学校官方不顾困难，致力于继续进行教育改革drag on: move slowly and with effort; continue endlessly and tediously.费力地走，拖延1.How much longer is the meeting going to drag on?这个会还要拖多久？ （大会使人昏昏欲睡）2.These compensation cases have already drag

17、ged on for one year.at the cost of : with the loss of 以为代价The local government developed its economy bit at the cost of environment.collocation:不惜任何代价 at any cost不惜一切代价at all costs不需花代价at no cost.alliance: a union between countries or organizations联盟1.WTO is considered as the most powerful economic

18、alliance in modern world2. Japan and Germany made their formal alliance in 1940.catch sb. off guard : take sb. by surprise趁某人不备被邀请去他的婚礼使我措手不及。1.The invitation to his wedding caught me off guard. instruct : vt.(1) give orders or directions to (sb.) 指示，命令pattern: instruct sb. to do sth. instruct sb. t

19、hat instruct sb. with quote我奉命在这里等老师来。I have been instructed to wait here until the teacher arrives.(2) teach (sb.) 讲授 pattern:instruct sb. in /on sth.他们教给了我做这项工作的最好办法。They instructed me in the best ways of doing the job.render: vt. cause sb./sth. to be in a specified condition( same as make) 使成为地震导

20、致成百上千的人无家可归。Hundreds of people were rendered homeless by the earthquake.以牙还牙render blow for blow以德报怨render good for evilbring to halt: stop completely使停止bring to death: 走向死亡 bring to life:复活bring up:养大bring out: 呕吐bring about:带来我们的旅行因风暴而终止。Our journey was brought to a halt by a strom.Turn the tide (

21、against): change what looks like defeat into victory.扭转潮流, 彻底改变形势（造成对不利）Soviet victory in Stalingrad turned the tide of the war in Europe.thanks to : because of 多亏，幸亏Thanks to their tireless efforts, the performance was a great success.Thanks to our teachers help, we finally all passed the examinati

22、on.morereckon : v.(1) count 计算 The existence of the U.S. is reckoned from the Declaration of Independence.(2) consider, think 认为许多人认为他是一位伟大的篮球运动员。Many people reckoned him to be a great basketball player.be reckoned with：be taken into consideration 被加以考虑take its / a toll: cause damage, injuries or deaths 造成损伤（伤亡等）Take its/ a toll of/onThe earthquake took a toll of 3,000,000 lives.地震造成三百万人死亡。这次洪水给几个村庄造成重大损失。The flood took a heavy toll on several villages.BackSummary: When Hitler decided to launch his_ of Russia, he thought that nothing could_ _ _ _