2022年职称英语试题：3月职称英语考试试题（理工类B级）

1、2022 职称英语试题： 3 月职称英语考试试题(理 工类 B 级)1 、 The high-speed trains can have a major impact on travelpreferences.AforceBinfluenceCsurpriseDpower2、Can you follow the plot?AchangeBinvestigateCwriteDunderstand3、Even in a highly modernized country, manual work is stillneeded.AphysicalBmentalCnaturalDhard4、In th

2、e latter case the outcome can be serious indeed.AresultBjudgmentCdecisionDevent5、Norman B amey,is an artist of deep convictions.AstatementsBbeliefsCsuggestionsDclaims6、Up to now, the work has been easy.ASoBSo longCSo thatDSo far7、The report advocated setting up day training colleges.AsupposedBexcite

3、dCsuggestedDdiscussed8、Accordingly, a number of other methods have been employed.AThereforeBAfterwardsCHoweverDFurthermore9、The outlook from the top of the mountain is breathtaking.AviewBsightClookDpoint10、Our lives are intimately bound up with theirs.AtenselyBnearlyCcarefullyDclosely11 、The union r

4、epresentative put across her argument veryeffectively.AexplainedBinventedCconsideredBabilityDaccepted12、He talks tough but has a tender heart.AheavyBstrongCkindDwild13、It is no use debating the relative merits of this policy.AmakingBtakingCdiscussingDexpecting14、Our statistics show that we consume a

5、ll that we are capableof producing.AwasteBbuyCuseDsell15、The fuel tanks had a capacity of 140 liters.AfunctionCpowerDvolume第 2 局部： 阅读推断(第 1622 题， 每题 1 分， 共 7 分) 下面的短文后列 出了 7 个句子， 请依据短文的内容对每个句子做出推断； 假如该句供应的 是正确信息，请选择 A；假如该句供应的是错误信息，请选择 B；假如该 句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。16、请依据短文的内容，对 16-23 做出推断。HighwaysWith the

6、increase in auto production, private turnpike 收(费 大路) companies under local authorities began to spring up, and by 1921 there were 387, 000miles of paved roads. At that time, there were no national standards for size, weight restrictions, or weight of trucks. During the World War I, roads throughout

7、 the country were nearly destroyed by the weight of trucks When General Eisenhower returned from Germany in 1919, he noted: “the old convoy (车队) had started me thinking about good, two-lane highways, but Germany” s Autobahn or motorway had made me see the wisdom of broader ribbons across the land. “

8、The interstate highway system was finally started in 1956. Tobuild its 44, 000-mile web of.highways, bridges, and tunnels,hundreds of unique engineering designs and solutions had to beworked out. Considering the many. geographic features of thecountry such as mountains, steep grades, wetlands, river

9、s, desertsand plains, innovative designs of roadways began to web of theirway across the country, forever altering the face of America.Today, the interstate system links every major city in theU. S. , and the U. S. with Canada and Mexico. Built with safety inmind, the highways have wide lanes and sh

10、oulders, dividing medians,or barriers, long entry and exit lanes, curves engineered for safeturns, and limited access. The death rate on highways is half thatof all other U. S roads (0.86 deaths per 100 million passenger milescompared to 1.99 deaths per 100 million on all other roads).By opening the

11、 North American continent, highways haveenabled consumer goods and services to reach people in remote andrural areas of the country, spurred the growth of suburbs,andprovided people with greater options in terms of jobs, access tocultural program, health care, and other benefits. Above all, theinter

12、state system provides individuals with what they cherish most:personal freedom of mobility.The interstate system has been an essential element of the nation”s economic growth in terms of shipping and job creation: more than 75 percent of the nation”s freight deliveries arrive by truck; and most prod

13、ucts that arrive by rail or air use interstates for the last leg of the journey by vehicle. Not only has the highway system affected the American economy by providing shipping routes, it has led to the growth of spin-off industries like service stations, motels,restaurants, and shopping centers. It

14、has allowed the relocation of manufacturing plants and other industries from urban areas to rural.National standards for paved roads were in place by 1921.ARightBWrongCNot mentioned17、Eisenhower felt that the broad German motorways had betterquality than the hig ways of America.ARightBWrongCNot ment

15、ioned18、In the 1950s that the American government finally tookaction to build a national highway system.ARightBWrong ,CNot mentioned19、Many of the problems presented by the country”s geographicalfeatures found solutions in innovative engineering projects.ARightBWrongCNot mentioned20、With safety cons

16、iderations the death rate on interstatehighways is still higher than, that of other American roads.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned21 、The interstate highways system provides access betweenmajor military installations in America.ARightBWrongCNot mentioned22 、Service stations, motels and restaurants promote

17、d thedevelopment of the interstate highway system.ARightBWrongCNot mentioned第 3 局部： 概括大意与完成句子(第 2330 题， 每题 1 分， 共 8 分) 下面 的短文后有 2 项测试任务： (1)第 2326 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为第 2-5 段每段选择 1 个标题； (2)第 2730 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为每 个句子确定 1 个选项。23、依据材料，答复 23-31 问题。Ways to Reduce Exposure to Air Pollution1.A report published

18、 recently brings bad news about air pollution It suggests that it could be as damaging to our health as exposure to the radiation ,from the 1986 Ukraine nuclear power plant disaster. The report was published by the U. K s Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution. But what can city people do to re

19、duce exposure to air pollution Quite a lot it turns out.2.Avoid walking in busy streets. Choose side streets and parks instead. Pollution levels can fall a considerable amount just by moving a few meters away from the main pollution source exhaust fumes (废气). Also don”t walk behind smokers. Walk on

20、the windward(迎风的) side of the street where exposure Of pollutants污(染物) can be 50 percent less than on the downwind (顺风的) side.3. Sitting on the driver”s side of a bus can increase your exposure by 10 percent, compared with sitting on the side nearest the pavement. Sitting upstairs on a double-decker

21、 (双层电车)can reduce exposure. It is difficult to say whether traveling on an underground train is better or worse than taking the bus. Air pollution on underground trains tends to be less toxic (有毒的) than that at street level, because underground pollution is mostly made up of tiny iron particles (粒子)

22、 thrown up by wheels hitting the rails, while diesel (柴油机) and petrol fumes have a mixture of pollutants.4. When you are crossing a road, stand well back from the curb (路缘) while you wait for the light to change. Every meter really does count when you are close to traffic. As the traffic begins to m

23、ove, fumes can be reduced in just a few seconds. So holding your breath for just a moment can make a difference, even though it might sound silly.5. There are large sudden pollution increases during rush hours. Pollution levels fall during nighttime. The time of year alsomakes a big difference. Poll

24、ution levels tend to be at their lowest during spring and autumn when winds are freshest. Extreme cold or hot weather has a trapping effect and tends to cause a build-up of pollutants.Paragraph 2_.AWhere you stand while waiting to cross?BWhere you walk?CWhere you sit on a bus?DWhen you go to bed?EWh

25、en pollution levels rise?FWhen you get up?24、Paragraph 3_.AWhere you stand while waiting to cross?BWhere you walk?CWhere you sit on a bus?DWhen you go to bed?EWhen pollution levels rise?FWhen you get up?25、Paragraph 4_.AWhere you stand while waiting to cross?BWhere you walk?CWhere you sit on a bus?D

26、When you go to bed?EWhen pollution levels rise?FWhen you get up?26、Paragraph 5_.AWhere you stand while waiting to cross?BWhere you walk?CWhere you sit on a bus?DWhen you go to bed?EWhen pollution levels rise?FWhen you get up?27 、 Air pollution can be as harmful to one ” shealth_.Aduring rush holmBin

27、 spring and autumnCto toxic airDbetween autumn and winterEas exposure to nuclear radiationFon the downwind side28 、 Traveling on an underground train can reduceexposure_.Aduring rush holmBin spring and autumnCto toxic airDbetween autumn and winterEas exposure to nuclear radiationFon the downwind sid

28、e29、Pollution levels are lower_.Aduring rush holmBin spring and autumnCto toxic airDbetween autumn and winterEas exposure to nuclear radiationFon the downwind side30、It”s wise to stay away from heavy traffic_.Aduring rush holmBin spring and autumnCto toxic airDbetween autumn and winterEas exposure t

29、o nuclear radiationFon the downwind side第 4 局部：阅读理解(第 3145 题，每题 3 分，共 45 分) 下面有 3 篇短 文，每篇短文后有 5 道题。请依据短文内容，为每题确定 1 个选项。 31、依据材料，答复 31-36 问题。第一篇Physical ExerciseDeclaring that physical exercise is one of the mostpowerful medicines to help improve our quality of life is not an exaggeration. The World

30、Health Organization expressed the same view in its 2022 World Health Report, emphasizing that the damage produced by lack of physical activity was equal to the strong probability of serious illness such as heart disease and even some kinds of cancer.Those who have embraced an active lifestyle for ye

31、ars are familiar with the sort of physical and psychological benefits that come from exercise. Nevertheless a lot of people would never of physical activity as a way of feeling better, simply because they don”t think they are in need of it, or because they are lazy or maintain that they haven”t got

32、enough time.There are many positive,e effects that result from physical exercise and they are not only concerned with the physical aspects but also psychological and social ones.Beginning with the physical benefits, physical activity improves the life of the heart, bumsoff fat, lowers high blood pre

33、ssure, makes tissues more resistant, and increases muscleflexibility and joint mobility.On a psychological level, physical activity helps reduce anxiety and stress by causingtension to disappear and by encouraging us to have a better sense of ourselves through listeningto our bodies during movement.

34、Lastly, seeing ourselves in better health is advantageous socially. The sense of satisfactionthus obtained will result in an increase of self-respect and self-confidence in terms of our ability to interact with others.The benefits linked to exercise have also not gone unnoticed in the business world

35、, with more and more companies setting up gyms on-site. Employees” improved health translates into better performance and reduced costs as well as an increase in people”s satisfaction in the work place. Physical activity isrecommended for all age groups, including children. It is an important growth

36、 factor in a child” s education.And for the elderly? There is no doubt that regularphysical activity allows greater efficiency in daily life as Well as creating more basic independence day by day, including the possibility of keeping in touch with others and not feeling isolated.The writer regards p

37、hysical exercise as a strong medicine because_.Athe WHO holds the viewBit helps improve the quality of lifeCthe lack of it equals serious illnessDit enables people to live longer32 、Many people do not engage in physical exercise mainly because_.Athey are not aware of its benefitsBthey don”t have the

38、 facilitiesCthey don”t think they need itDthey are physically unfit for it33 、According to the passage, physical exercise can make people_.Astronger and more intelligentBmore intelligent and more open-mindedCmore open-minded and healthierDhealthier and stronger34 、 Physical exercise is socially bene

39、ficialbecause_.Ait gives people competitive advantageBit helps people reduce anxietyCit enables employees to work better for their companyDit makes people confident in dealing with others35、According to the passage, regular physical exercise can makeold people_.Abetter able to look after themselves

40、”Blook younger than they really areCless likely to suffer from diseasesDmore aggressive in their interaction with others36、依据材料，答复 36-41 问题。其次篇A New Immigration BillThe U. S. Senate is considering a new immigration bill.It will value the economic promise of immigrants over family ties when consideri

41、ng U. S. residency and citizenship. The legislation,which was proposed by President Bush and a group of senators, contains a point system. The proposal aims to increase the number of immigrants with graduate degrees, earnings or job skills.The proposed”point system would use a 100-point scale. Accor

42、ding to a draft of the law,merit applicants could earn up to 47 points for things like occupation, or year of work for a US firm. They could earn up to 28 points for their education, 15 points for English and US civics (公民学), and 10 points for family ties. The system has stirred up debate. Critics o

43、n the left say it opposes family unity and American values. Critics on the right complain that it does not reflect the needs of high-tech employers.The current kinship (血缘关系) -based system puts pressure on the U. S. , as it attracts low-skill workers who consume more public services than they pay ba

44、ck in taxes. It allows a variety of uneducated people in from Mexico and Central America.The immigration bill would allow eight years to clear the current backlog (积压) of application for a permanent resident card,or green card. After that, only the children and spouses (配偶) of legal immigrants would

45、 be able to apply for family visas. Adult children,siblings (兄弟姐妹), parents, and other relatives would have to apply in the general queue ( 排队). Under the proposal, i .mrnigrants from Asian, countries would likely fare well 很(有 利).For instance, over half of recent immigrants from China and India hav

46、e a bachelor”s (学士的)or higher degree. Immigrants from Latin American countries would likely face more difficulties. Immigration point systems have been in use in Canada, Australia and New Zealand for years. The U. K. adopted a similar approach in 2022. One thing that Canada and other nations have di

47、scovered is that their system needs to fit the needs of their economy. Too often they find that they attract highly-educated people who end up finding work that doesn”t use their skills.Some end up driving a taxi.One of the reasons for proposing the point systemis_.Ato give priority to immigrants fr

48、om ChinaBto protect the US from terrorist attacksCto attract skilled immigrants “BThe US.Dto increase population37、What do critics on the right say about the proposed point system?AIt opposes family unity.BIt is very difficult to apply.CIt opposes American values.DIt does not meet the needs of high-

49、tech employers.38、Which statement is NOT true of the current system?AIt is kinship-based.BIt puts pressure on the US.CIt draws low-skilled workers.DIt attracts highly-educated people.39、 Who can apply for family visas in future?AThe uncles and aunts of legal immigrants.BThe brothers and sisters of l

50、egal immigrants.CThe spouses and young children of legal immigrants.DThe parents and grandparents of legal immigrants.40、Which country adopted the point system in 2022?AThe UK.CCanada.DAustralia A New Immigration Bill41、依据材料，答复 41-46 问题。College Students” Financial Pressure in U. S.Each semester, And

51、rew Tom receives a term bill outlining his expenses: tuition, dorm fee,student center fee, recreation fee, resident activity fee, health insurance. If only the rest of his expenses were as easy to quantify.“It”s like you start out the semester with plenty of money and then $ 20 for dinner out here a

52、nd $100 at the department store there, it”s gone,“ said Tom, a Northeastern University third-year student. “And there are so many things you need like toothpaste or laundry detergent. (洗涤剂) that you don”t think about until you get here and need it. “From the books lining their shelves to the fashion

53、able clothes filling their closets, college students say the expenses of a college education go well beyond tuition and a dining hall meal plan. Many say they arrive on campus only to be overwhelmed by unexpected costs from sports fees to the actual price of a slice of pizza.Balancing a job with sch

54、oolwork, especially at colleges known for their heavy workloads like Harvard and MIT, can be tough. So can the pressure students often feel to financially keep pace with their friends.“When you get dragged along shopping, you”re going to spend money; if you get dragged to a party and everyone wants

55、to take a cab but you”re cheap and want to take a bus. Chances are you”ll end up sharing the fee for the cab,“ said Tom. “I guess you could say no, but no one wants to be the only one eating in the snack bar while your friends are out to dinner. “Max Cohen, a biology major at MIT, said he is accustomed to watching fellow students spend $ 40 a night to have dinner delivered or $ 50 during a night out at a ,bar. During the school”s recent spring break, friends on trips for the week posted away messages that read like a word map - Pads, Rome, Tokyo. “Meanwhile I stay home and wor