【优秀】口译听辨技巧课件

1、【优秀】口译听辨技巧【优秀】口译听辨技巧 译员的听不同于一般听力活动听的目的：用另一种语言完整地表达和复述听到的全部内容。自主听力： 把握主题及关键信息； 捕捉话语脉络； 预测下文； 判断词义。困难是什么？ 译员的听不同于一般听力活动听的目的：用另一种语言完整地表达Bugs in LCII恼人的听辨“虫”1. unknown words 生词2. culturally-burdened phrases or idioms 英语中的文化陷阱（容易望文生义）3. illogical flow of thought逻辑混乱4. heavy accent 口音浓重5. unfamiliar topic

2、 不了解主题知识6. too quick a delivery speed 语速过快7. blurred point of view 意思不明确8.numbers数字Bugs in LCII恼人的听辨“虫”1. unknowDebug Methods杀虫“计”the pauses at meaning chunks 意群停顿the context 上下文cultural awareness 文化意识communicatively conscious 交际性be clear of the intent of the speaker 意图sharpen your ears by practice

3、练耳Debug Methods杀虫“计”the pauses too quick a delivery speed 语速过快problem-solutionculturally-burdened phrases or idioms 英语中的文化陷阱（容易望文生义）unfamiliar topic 不了解主题知识The actual hours I spend in the off ice are nearly the same as before.In particular, (强调) I was involved in market research for our soap product

4、s.意思和逻辑关系要尽量复述得准确完整。又如当听到” 我代表中国政府和人民，对布什总统来华访问表示热烈欢迎”。Id like to emphasize.运动 （exercises, sedentary （久坐不动的) lifestyle）China today , I understand , is taking a practical and _ approach and we wish you success and offer you our cooperation in this great endeavor.Listening for Meaning instead of for W

5、ordsHowever, I do tend to take more work home these days.词汇层面：名词、动词等实词The actual hours I spend in the off ice are nearly the same as before.并可以尝试听各种不同风格的讲话。On the other hand , its much more varied.又如当听到” 我代表中国政府和人民，对布什总统来华访问表示热烈欢迎”。Listening for Meaning instead of for WordsHow to1. topic/ theme 话题、主

6、题2. context ( textual & situational)语境（上下文本 & 交际情景）3. tone （语气）4. gestures & facial expressions（手势 & 表情）5.intent (说话人意图）6. Key words (关键词）简而言之，who, what,why, how,when,wheretoo quick a delivery speed 语速过What to do?What to do?Logical Listening generalization classification cause-effect compare & contr

7、ast sequencing simple listing problem-solutionLogical Listening generalizati1. 抓关键词语( keywords and expressions) 表达信息的关键词语当属实意词, 即名词、动词、形容词和副词。在英语口语中, 关键词语往往重读。译员抓住了关键词语, 整个段落就如“纲举目张”, 迅速被译员理解。1. 抓关键词语( keywords and express中文复述练习1百老汇- broadway是一条纵贯美国纽约市的“百老汇大街”，这条大街集中了众多家剧院，电影院，餐馆，酒吧等娱乐场所，每天都有大量的戏剧和娱

8、乐演出，因此，百老汇被公认为是纽约戏剧和娱乐中心。是美国戏剧和娱乐业的代名词。著名的林肯表演艺术中心就坐落在百老汇大街上。中文复述练习1百老汇Listening SkillsMain Idea- brief introduction to BroadwayKey Words美国纽约市娱乐场所戏剧、娱乐演出戏剧和娱乐中心 、代名词林肯表演艺术中心Logical Listening (what / who/when /where/ how / why)Listening SkillsMain IdeaPractice- What are the key words in this passage?

9、I am sorry, but weve decided to cancel our order with you. As you know the packaging in the last order wasnt up to standard. This resulted in a high percentage of breakages, which meant we couldnt supply our customers on time. As a result, they were dissatisfied with our service and threatened to go

10、 else where.Therefore we really had no alternative but to look around for another supplier.Keys: cancel order; packaging not up to standard; high percentage of breakages， look for another supplierPractice- What are the key worThis is a happy and memorable occasion for me personally as well as for al

11、l the members of my delegation. Id like to thank you for the gracious hospitality and the warmth with which we have been received. I am very happy with your arrangement. In accepting your gracious invitation to Shanghai, I have an excellent opportunity to learn about the investment environment here.

12、 It is my sincere wish that we should reach an agreement on the establishment of joint venture in this most promising city.Key Words: Hospitality, investment environment, agreement, joint ventureThis is a happy and memorable 听辨，预测关键词（key words）词汇层面：名词、动词等实词1. 预测词语搭配随着中国综合国力的_和国际地位的_, 中国在国际舞台上越来越令人瞩目

13、。（国力增强enhance the comprehensive national strength，地位提高 improve its international status）类似的搭配有“加快改革开放，打开了解世界的窗户，提高机会，促进发展”等。The United States and China have made great progress in building a relationship that can _ the challenges of our time, _ global prosperity and _ the cause of peace.(meet, promo

14、te, maintain 应对挑战，迎接挑战，促进繁荣，维护和平）2. 预测表达方式译员听到 “文化在促进国际关系中的作用” , “作用” 这个词英语的习惯表达方式“ to play a role in.。” 又如当听到” 我代表中国政府和人民，对布什总统来华访问表示热烈欢迎”。 译员从“代表。“ 可以预测出英语的习惯表达结构为” On behalf of , I extend myto”听辨，预测关键词（key words）词汇层面：名词、动词等篇章层面1. 预测主要成分从语篇的上下文中预测出说话人将要表达的信息，从而获得相应的语言表达方式或主要成分，如主语，谓语部分。例如： 神州5号的发射

15、是一次壮举，它显示了中国的太空科技已经 _.“达到很高水平，处于世界前列”篇章层面Practice 1 中国国际旅行社为各位安排了富有中国民族文化特色的_旅游线路。 各位将要游览举世闻名的景点和_，参观雄伟的_，观赏珍贵的_。你们还将有机会欣赏中国_，品尝中国_。我国人民传统的热情和好客将使各位的访问愉快而又_。（interesting, places of interest, ancient buildings, Chinese cultural relics, operas and circus performances, cuisine and local snacks )有趣的古建筑群

16、中国文物戏剧和杂技表演烹调和地方风味小吃难忘名胜Practice 1 有趣的古建筑群中国文物戏剧和杂Practice 2 我非常高兴能在此会见来自大洋彼岸的加拿大商业界的朋友。“_。”这句中国古话可以表达我此刻的心情。 中国政府十分重视同加拿大双边经贸关系的发展，并且非常赞赏加中贸易理事会为加强我们这两个伟大国家商业界的联系而做出的_和起到的桥梁作用。我感谢理事会所有成员为促进加中贸易所做出的努力。加拿大是一个工业发达、资源_的国家，中国则是一个劳动力充足、_的国家。我们希望看到加拿大的企业能够充分利用自己在技术和财力上的优势，赢得中国市场。 (It is always a pleasure

17、to greet a friend from afar; efforts/endeavors, abundant, a huge market )有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎努力丰富拥有庞大市场Practice 2 我非常高兴能在此会见来自大Permit me to say again this evening: Let us act according to the principle of mutual respect and_, to the principle of both dignity and fairness.It is certainly in the fundamental in

18、terest of our people to trade and be friends with the Chinese people.We are very _ by your modernization program, an ambitious undertaking which makes our future _ relationship very _.China today , I understand , is taking a practical and _ approach and we wish you success and offer you our cooperat

19、ion in this great endeavor.mutual benefitimpressedcooperationpromisingeffectivePermit me to say again this ev口译篇章可能遇到的关键词参考In particular, (强调) I was involved in market research for our soap blem-solutionOn the other hand , its much more varied.What to do?又如当听到” 我代表中国政府和人民，对布什总统来华访问表示热烈欢迎

20、”。In particular, I was involved in market research for our soap products.移民（immigrant, advocate, liberal, conservative）the context 上下文simple listing（interesting, places of interest, ancient buildings, Chinese cultural relics, operas and circus performances, cuisine and local snacks )In those days ,

21、(时间顺序) I used to be just a member of a team , but now , (转折) Ive go t five people working under me and Im completely responsible for the launch of anew range of hair product s next year.逻辑关系标识词（线索词）The actual hours I spend in the off ice are nearly the same as before.类似的搭配有“加快改革开放，打开了解世界的窗户，提高机会，促进发

22、展”等。Let us act according to the principle of mutual respect and_, to the principle of both dignity and fairness.口译篇章可能遇到的关键词参考1， 与经济、金融等相关的数字题：失业率、失业数字（jobless, unemployment rate, lay off）通货膨胀、通货紧缩（inflation, deflation）股指（Dow Jones, Nasdaq, S&P（标准普尔500指数）油价（oil price, crude oil, barrel, OPEC(石油输出国组织

23、）房地产市场（real estate）汇率（exchange rate）利率（interest rate）口译篇章可能遇到的关键词参考口译篇章可能遇到的关键词参考1，2， 现代人的健康问题饮食（diet）运动 （exercises, sedentary （久坐不动的) lifestyle）吸烟等不良生活方式（caffeine, tobacco, nicotine, drug abuse滥用药品, substance dependence 药物依赖）压力（stress）肥胖症（obesity, overeating, calorie）与家庭成员和朋友相聚 (a family reunion)旅行

24、与度假(travelling and vacation)2， 现代人的健康问题3， 对现代科技的正反两方面讨论电视互联网（addiction, e-commerce, privacy, fraud）社交网站（social networking, anonymity 匿名, virtual reality）通讯设备（convenience, face-to-face communication）新兴媒体（emerging media, advertising）高科技与教育的结合（teenager, adolescent, budget, online courses）3， 对现代科技的正反两方面

25、讨论4， 职场指南就业市场 （school leaver, recruitment, competition）面试诀窍（interviewing tips）与同事、上级沟通（colleague, supervisor, superior）提高工作效率（efficiency, productivity）5， 自然灾害等突发新闻伤亡情况（die, injure, missing, hospitalize, homeless, displace, seek temporary shelter）对交通、电力、学校、商家等的影响（blackout, cripple, paralyze, delay, c

26、ancel）交通事故及其原因（road accident, causes）4， 职场指南6， 对热点问题的讨论救市 bailout限薪 salary cap创造就业机会 creating job opportunities资源与环保（scarcity, strain, carbon, emission, recycling, waste disposal）移民（immigrant, advocate, liberal, conservative）信用与消费主义（credit, consumerism）自由竞争、市场经济与政府角色（market economy, government contr

27、ol, protectionism）老龄化社会（aging society, pension, social welfare）慈善（charity, charitable organization, poverty relief 脱贫，扶贫, wealth distribution）创业精神（entrepreneurship）6， 对热点问题的讨论2. 注意篇章标记(discourse markers)即席讲话者在开口之前, 脑子里就已经形成了一幅粗线条“草图”; 接受采访的人在听到问题之后, 也会迅速构思, 简单地在脑中列出一些“提纲”。但这种草图或提纲是模糊的, 不完整的, 需要在讲话过程

28、中逐渐加以完善。讲话者会运用一些标记来提醒自己和听者, 哪些是要点, 顺序如何, 做出什么结论等。译者必须时刻注意这些标记, 以此为辅助线索,“顺藤摸瓜”找到讲话要旨。人们在非正式场合常用的语篇标记可大致分为以下几类:2. 注意篇章标记(discourse markers)(1) 时间顺序:In the first p lace, Next, Previously, Secondly, After that, While, Then, Last, When(2) 强调:The point you must remember is. . . Id like to emphasize. . . L

29、et me repeat. The next point is crucial to my argument.(3) 解释:In other words, Let me put it this way. That is to say.(4) 举例:For example, For instance, Lets take. . . An example of this was. . .（5) 转换话题:Now lets ( think about, look at, consider, turn our attention to). . .(1) 时间顺序:逻辑关系标识词（线索词）先后次序：fi

30、rst of all, next, previously, simultaneously, eventually 并列关系：and, too, meanwhile, in the meantime 递进关系：also, moreover, in addition, furthermore, besides, not only, on top of that 转折关系：but, however, though, whereas, nevertheless, instead, in fact 让步关系：although, despite, in spite of, even though 因果关系

31、：so, thus, hence, as a result, consequently, reason, because, for, due to, accordingly, lead to 对照关系：like, likewise, similarly, in a similar manner, as well as, in common with, both, compared to 对比关系：different from, unlike, by contrast, on the other hand, on the contrary, conversely 解释关系：that is to

32、say, in other words, this means 条件关系：if, unless, once, provided that, in case (of), had I known, were this to happen 举例关系：for example / instance, in this case, namely, such as, a case in point 归纳总结：on the whole, in brief, to sum up, in conclusion, in summary, to conclude, in short 逻辑关系标识词（线索词）先后次序：f

33、irst of all,Practice-找出这段文字的连接词Well, I joined the company as a marketing assistant back in 1997 and my duties then were quite different to m y present duties as product manager. Now , Im responsible for both our soap range and hair-care products, whereas before I was getting general marking experien

34、ce. For ex ample, I assisted the marketing manager by collecting and analyzing data. In particular, I was involved in market research for our soap products. My responsibilities have changed a lot, of course. In those days , I used to be just a member of a team , but now , Ive got five people working

35、 under me and Im completely responsible for the launch of a new range of hair products next year. Theres a lot more work. On the other hand , its much more varied. The actual hours I spend in the off ice are nearly the same as before. However, I do tend to take more work home these days. This is som

36、ething our marketing manager, who is directly above me, thinks quite normal.Practice-找出这段文字的连接词Well, I joiKeysWell, I joined the company as a marketing assistant back in 1997 and my duties then (时间顺序) were quite different to m y present duties as product manager. Now , (时间顺序) Im responsible for both

37、 our soap range and hair2care products, whereas before (对比) I was getting general marking experience. For example, (举例) I assisted the marketing manager by collecting and analyzing data. In particular, (强调) I was involved in market research for our soap products. My responsibilities have changed a lot, of course. In those days , (时间顺序) I used to be just a member of a team , but now , (转折) Ive go t five people w