Unit 18 英汉篇章翻译

1、Unit 18 英汉篇章翻译（三）教学目的要求：了解如何使用各种技巧进行篇章的翻译。初步了解语篇翻译的难点及其处理； 通过对本文的翻译，了解翻译的艰辛，同时通过对主人公事迹的学习，加强学生的德育教育， 寓德育教育于课堂教育中。教学重点：把握在语篇翻译中使用各种翻译技巧，了解语篇翻译的难点及其处理。 教学难点：长句的翻译。教学内容：Three Days to SeeBy Helen Keller摘自：许明龙译， 选自英语名作佳译赏析，世界图书出版公司，1999。 转引自：南开大学外国语学院英语系英语翻译教程，天津：南开大学出版社，2004。 作者简介：Helen Keller, 美国女作家及教育

2、家，一岁半时，由于生病失聪、失明。她通过刻苦努力， 取得了甚至常人都无法取得的成就。她勤奋写作，并到世界各地演讲，她的事迹感动和激励 了一代代的青年。她的主要著作有我的一生海伦凯勒日记，给我三天光明Sometimes I have thought it would be an excellent rule to live each day as if we should die tomorrow. Such an attitude would emphasize sharply the values of life. We should live each day with a gentlen

3、ess, a vigour, and a keenness of appreciation which are often lost when time stretches before us in the constant panorama of more days of months and years to come. There are those, of course, who would adopt the epicurean motto of “eat, drink and be merry,” but most people would be chastened by the

4、certainty of impending death.有时我想，把每一天都当做生命的最后一天来过，也许是一种极好的生活准则。这种态 度会使生命的价值鲜明突出，使我们以优雅的风度、旺盛的精力和高度珍惜的心情度过每一 天；而当我们觉得岁月延绵不断，来日方长时，往往失掉这种态度。当人，有人会信奉享乐 主义的信条，一味吃喝玩乐，但更多的人却会因行将就木而变得严肃纯洁（克制）。Chasten: subdue sb., or restrain, 制止“eat, drink and be merry,” 跟汉语中的吃喝玩乐不谋而合，英语和汉语中有类似的例 子，采用直译法，类似的例子有：Walls hav

5、e ears 隔墙有耳Hit/Strike while the iron is hot 趁热打铁A heat of stone 铁石心肠To fish in troubled waters 混水摸鱼Most of us take life for granted. We know that one day we must die, but usually we picture that day as far in the future. When we are in buoyant health, death is all but unimaginable. We seldom think o

6、f it. The days stretch out in an endless vista. So we go about our petty tasks, hardly aware of our listless attitude toward life.我们大多数人把生命视若等闲（理所当然）。虽然我们知道人必有一死，但通常把这一 天看作遥遥无期。我们身强力壮时根本想不到死，很少去考虑它，时光日复一日，年复一年 的过去，好象看不到尽头。于是我们忙碌于琐事，并不察觉自己对待生命的态度是冷漠倦怠 的。技巧点拨：all but等的翻译办法以下例子源于： HYPERLINK /translatio

7、n2.htm /translation2.htmanything but根本不；nothing but只不过是；all but几乎，差一点；除以外其余都是；but for要不是；but that +从句：若不是Alone in a deserted house, he was so busy with his research work that he felt anything but lonely.译文：虽然他单独一人住在这幢房子里，但他埋头于研究工作，一点也没有感到孤 独。注释:句中 anything but 意为 not at all。试对此：He seldom talked of a

8、nything but painting.（他除了绘画很少谈到别的事情。）此句中but作介词，意为except。The method of scientific investigation is nothing but the expression of the necessary mode of working of the human mind; it is simply the mode by which all phenomena are reasoned about and given precise and exact explanation.译文：科学研究的方法不过是人类思维活动

9、的必要表达方式，也就是对一切现象进 行思索并给以精确而严谨的解释的表达方式。She all but fainted when she heard the news.译文：她听到这一消息时几乎晕倒了。注释:此句中 all but 意为 nearly, almost。试对比：All but the little children thought that the trip was exciting.（除了小孩，大家都认为这次旅行是激动人心的。）此句中all but意为all except。4. But for the rain we should have a pleasant journey.译

10、文：要不是下雨，我们的旅行本来是很愉快的5. He would have helped us but that he was short of money at the time. 译文：若不是他那时缺钱，他是会帮助我们的。注释:1) but that引导的从句中谓语用陈述语气。2) but that有灵活的译法，如：Nothingwould satisfy that child but that I place her on my lap. ( 那孩子什么都不要，只要我把她抱在怀 里。)The same lethargy, I am afraid, characterizes the use

11、 of all our faculties and senses. Only thedeaf appreciate hearing, only the blind realize the manifold blessings that lie in sight. Particularly does this observation apply to those who have lost sight and hearing in adult life? But those who have never suffered impairment of sight or hearing seldom

12、 make the fullest use of these blessed faculties. Their eyes and ears take in all sights and sounds hazily, without concentration, and with little appreciation. It is the same old story of not being grateful for what we have until we lose it, of not bringing conscious of health until we are ill.Facu

13、lty: any of the powers of the body or mind 官能， 才能；能力 我想，我们在运用自己的全部心智和官能时，有何尝不是冷漠而倦怠呢。只有聋子才珍 惜听觉，只有盲人才领悟光明所赐给人们的难以计数的幸福。成年时期失聪的的人对此尤感 深切。但是，视力和听力从未受伤的人却很少充分运用他们的天赋。他们视而不见，充耳不 闻，对所见所闻漫不经心，毫无鉴赏珍惜之意。事情往往这样，失却之物，方知珍惜；生了 病才知道健康之可贵。I have often thought it would be a blessing if each human being were strick

14、en blind and deaffor a few days at some time during his early adult life. Darkness would make him more appreciative of sight; silence would teach him the joys of sound.我时常在想，倘若每个人在刚刚成年的某个时期尝一点苦头，瞎几天，聋几天，恐怕颇 有裨益。黑暗会使人更加珍惜光明，寂静会告诉人们听到声音时的欢乐。Now and then I have tested my seeing friends to discover what

15、 they see. Recently I visited by a very good friend who had just returned from a long walk in the woods, and I asked here what she had discovered. “Nothing in particular,” she replied. I might huasvehabdeIenotibnecernedulo accustomed to such responses, for long ago I became convinced that the seeing

16、 see little.我不时地试探明眼的朋友，想了解他们看见了些什么。不久前一位好友来看我，她刚从林中散步回来，我问她看到了什么，她说一切平淡无奇。若不是我在习惯了这样的回答，早 就确信：明眼人熟视无睹，我定会大吃一惊的。How was it possible, I asked myself, to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing worthy of note? I who cannot see find hundreds of things to interest me through mere touch. I fee

17、l the delicate symmetry of a leaf. I pass my hand lovingly about the smooth skin of a silver birch, or the rough shaggy bark of a pine. In spring I touch the branches of trees hopefully in search of a bud, the first sign of awakening Nature after winters sleep. I feel the delightful, velvety texture

18、 of a flower, and discover its remarkable convolutions; and something of the miracle of Nature is revealed to me. Occasionally, if I am very fortunate, I place my hand gently on a small tree and feel the happy quiver of a bird in full song. I am delighted to have the cool waters of a brook rush through my open fingers. To me a lush carpet of pine needles or spongy grass is more welcome than the most luxurious Persian rug. To me tha