2021年十年江苏高考英语真题 任务型阅读(含答案)

1、 3/32021年十年江苏高考英语真题 任务型阅读(含答案) 2009-2018年高考真题任务型阅读 2009年： Communication Principles How you see yourself can make a great difference in how you communicate“Every individual exists in a continually changing world of experience of which he（or she）is the center”Many communication scholars and social sci

2、entists believe that people are products of how others treat them and of the messages others send themBut every day we experience the centrality of our selves in communicationA studentfor instance，may describe a conflict with a teacher as unfair treatment：“I know my teacher doesn?t like the fact tha

3、t I don?t agree with his opinionsand that?s why he gave me such a poor grade in that class”The teacher might say the oppositeEach person may believe that he is correct and that the ot her person?s view is wrongThe concept of serf originates in communicationThrough verbal and nonverbal symbols, a chi

4、ld learns to accept roles in response to the expectations of othersYou establish self-image。The sort of person you believe you are，by how others think of youPositive，negative，and neutral messages that you receive from others all play a role in determining who you areCommunication itself is probably

5、best understood as a dialogue processOur understanding of communication comes from our interactions with other peopleIn a more obvious waycommunication involves others in the sense that a competent communicator considers what the other person needs and expects when selecting messages to shareSo，the

6、communication begins with the self，as defined largely by others，and involves others，as defined largely by the self Communication Occurs almost every minute of your lifeIf you are not communicating with yourself（thinking，planning，reacting to the world around you），you are observing others and drawing

7、inferences from their behaviorEven if the other person did not intend a message for youyou gather observations and draw specific conclusionsA person yawns and you believe that person is bored with your messageA second person looks away from you and you conclude that person is not listening to youA t

8、hird person smiles（perhaps because of a memory of a joke he heard recently）and you believe that he is attracted to youWe are continually picking up meanings from others? behaviors and we are constantl y providing behaviors that have communicative value for them More often than not，you may have hurt

9、someone accidentally and you may have tried to explain that you did not mean that. You may have told the other person that you were sorry for your statementYou may have made a joke out of your rude statementNonetheless，your comment remains both in the mind of the other person and in your own mindYou

10、 cannot go back in time and erase your messages to othersCommunication cannot be reversed（倒退），nor can it be repeatedWhen you tried to recreate the atmosphere，the conversation，and the setting，nothing seemed rightYour second experience with a similar setting and person made far different results 2010年

11、： For more than twenty years scientists have been seeking to understand the mystery of the “sixth sense” of direction. By trying out ideas and solving problems one by one, they are now getting closer to one answer. One funny idea is that animals might have a built-in compass （指南针）. Our earth itself

12、is a big magnet（磁体）. So a little magnetic needle that swings freely lines itself with the big earth magnet to point north and south. When people discovered that idea about a thousand years ago and invented the compass, it allowed sailors to navigate （航海）on ocean voyages, even under cloudy skies. Act

13、ually the idea of the living compass came just from observing animals in nature. Many birds migrate twice a year between their summer homes and winter homes. Some of them fly for thousands of kilometers and mostly at night. Experiments have shown that some birds can recognize star patterns. But they

14、 can keep on course even under cloudy skies. How can they do that? A common bird that does not migrate but is great at finding its way home is the homing pigeon. Net all pigeons can find their way home. Those that can are very good at it, and they have been widely studied. One interesting experiment

15、 was to attach little magnets to the birds heads to block their magnetic sense just as a loud radio can keep you from baaing a call to dinner. On sunny days, that did not fool the pigeons. Evidently they can use the sun to tell which way they are going. But on cloudy days, the pigeons with magnets c

16、ould not find their way. It was as if the magnets had blocked their magnetic sense. Similar experiments with the same kind of results were done with honeybees, These insects also seem to have a special sense of direction. In spite of the experiments, the idea of an animal compass seemed pretty extra

17、ordinary. How would an animal get the magnetic stuff for a compass? An answer came from an unexpected source. A scientist was studying bacteria that live in the mud of ponds and mashes. He found accidentally little rod-like bacteria that all swam together in one directionnorth. Further study showed

18、that each little bacterium had a chain of dense particles inside, which proved magnetic. The bacteria had made themselves into little magnets that could line up with the earth?s magnet. The big news was that a living thing, even a simple bacterium, can make magnetite. That led to a search to see whether animals might have it. By using a special instrument called magnetometer, scientists were able to find magnetite in