工业设计专业 《专业外语》试卷及答案

1、20182019 学年第一学期专业方向选修课专业英语考试试卷得分阅卷人考试时间：2019年1月2日10时10分12时10分试卷类型：A二TranslatethefollowingfifteenChinesewordsorphrasesinto共15题每题1分，题号一二三四五六七八九十成绩 复核签字：得分线级线班登分签字：6100分；答题要求：开卷级考生须知:年姓名、学号、学院、专业、年级、班级必须写在密封线内指定位置。封得分阅卷人：业专一、TranslatethefollowingtwentyEnglishwordsorphrasesinto共20题，每题1 分，共 20 分）(1)nonme

2、tal ambient temperature： cast irons密院 powdermetallurgy密学 oxidation chromium workharden plasticizer injection moulding alkalinity共页，第页 torsion： elongation共 15 分）热处理 屈服强度 弹性模量 横截面 机械性质密 主轴密 大玻璃杯 伺服 计量器 质量控制 流动的 预期值 框图封封 因果关系 瞬态响应得分阅卷人三、TranslatethefollowingfiveEnglishsentencesintoChinese线（共5题，每题3分，共15

3、分）线 The role of measurement is to provide information on system status which, in a mechatronic system, is used control the operation of the system. 共页，第页学号 (be) in vogue学 spindle consumerism deteriorate visual inspection： metallurgical名姓 recondition actuating signal1 页 Safe operation is consistent w

4、ith the economic objective of process control, which is to operate the plant in such a way to minimize total costs. Linearity error is the maximum deviation of the calibration curve of the output signal from the best fitted straight line that describes the output signal.2 页 Absolute sensitivity is t

5、he ratio of the change of the output signal to the change of the measurand(physical or chemical quantity) Examples include electronic equipment subcomponents, aircraft and auto engines, pumps, valves, and other mechanical systems requiring performance evaluation prior to the shipment and final insta

6、llation.得分阅卷人四、Translate the following five Chinese sentences into 5 3 分，共15 分）化工过程的受控变量中最重要的类型是流率、温度、压力、成分和液面高度。 通常，反馈系统的增益对于参数变化的灵敏度取决于参数所在的位置。 性能检测包括检测组件的功能，尤其对于复杂机械系统的组件，要在组装产品之前进行性能测试。设计计算的目的是预测零件的应力和变形，从而保证零件能安全承受施加的载荷，并保证在预期寿命内安全。(5)逻辑上，一旦超过弹性极限，金属将开始屈服，并且在不增加应力值的情况下，也会最终断裂。3 页得分阅卷人五、Translat

7、e the following four English paragraphs into4 5 分， 20 分）ParagraphA5PointsWe cannot discuss these more esoteric properties here. Suffice it to say that a whole complex of properties in addition to structural strength is required of an alloy before it will be accepted into, and survives in, engineerin

8、g practice. It may, for example, have to be strong and yet have reasonable corrosion resistance; it may have to be able to be fabricated by a particular process such as deep drawing, machining, or welding; it may have to be readily recyclable; and its cost and availability may be of critical importa

9、nce.密ParagraphB5PointsThe maximum carbon content of plain carbon steel safe for welding without preheating or subsequent heat封treatment is 0.3%. Higher-carbon steel is welded every day, but only with proper preheating. There are two important factors: the amount of heats that is put in ; the rate at

10、 which it is removed.线ParagraphC5PointsMany chemical properties come under this category. These include acidity or alkalinity, reactivity and corrosion. The most important of these is corrosion which can be explained in laymans terms as the resistance of the material to decay while in continuous use

11、 in a particular atmosphere.共六 页，第 4 页Paragraph D5 PointsStainless steels do not rust in the atmosphere as most other steels do. The term “stainless” implies a(3) What is purpose of the design calculations?5 resistance to staining, rusting, and biting in the air, moist and polluted as it is, and gen

12、erally defines achromium content in excess to 11% but less than 30%.And the fact that the stuff is “steel”means that the base is iron.密得分阅卷人六、AnswerthefollowingthreequestionsinashortparagraphinEnglish（共3题，每题封5 分，共 15 分）How many basic elements are classified as metal? 5 Points线What does law state?5 P

13、oints共六页，第5 页共六页，第6 页专业外语课程考试试题参考答案及评分标准开课单位： 机电工程学院 课程类别公共课专业课基础课程编号出题教师专业/年级学分/学时2/32、30试 卷闭卷必修A卷B卷开卷其他选修1、Translate the following twenty English words or phrases into Chinese 20 Points （1）（1）2）（3）5）（）加工硬化，冷作硬化8）（）10）1）1）1）（1）1）用户至上主义，保护用户利益主义1）17）肉眼检查，目测检验（1）1）2）促动信号，执行信号。2、Translate the followin

14、g fifteen Chinese words or phrases into English 15 Points （1）（1）Heat treatmen）Yield strengt（3Modulus of elasticit4CrossectioMechanical propertie（6Spindl（7Tumble（）Serv（）Gag（1）Quality contro（11Rovin（1）Desired valu；（13Block diagra1）Cause-and-effect relatio（1）Transient respons；TranslatethefollowingfiveE

15、nglishsentencesintoChinese15Points （3）在机电一体化中，测量的作用是提供系统控制过程控制中使用的测量设备所需特性与一般用途仪器的特性有所不同。线性误差是输出信号的校准曲线与最适合描述输出信号的直线之间的最大偏差。绝对灵敏度是输出信号的变化与被测变量变化之比。例如电子设备的组件、飞机和汽车的发动机、泵、阀及其他机械系统，在发货和最终安装前都需要进行性能检测评估。TranslatethefollowingfiveChinesesentencesintoEnglish 15Points（3）The most important types of variables

16、 controlled in chemical processes are flowrate,temperature, pressure, composition and liquid level .In general , the sensitivity of the system gain of a feedback system to parameter variations depends on where the parameter is located.Performance inspection involve checking the function of assemblie

17、s, especially those of complex mechanical systems, prior to installation in other products.The purpose of the design calculations is, of course ,to attempt to predict the stress or deformation in the part in order that it may safely carry the loads, which will be imposed on it ,and that it may last

18、for the expected life of the machine. (5)Logically speaking, once the elastic limit is exceeded, the metal should start to yield ,and finally break, without any increase in the value of stress.TranslatethefollowingfourEnglishparagraphsintoChinese20Points（5）1它可以被循环利用；它的成本和实用性是首要的。2、不需要预热或之后进行热处理就能安全焊接的普通钢的最高碳含量为0.3。高碳钢通过合适的预热通常也可焊接。有两点值得注意：吸收热量的多少；移除速度。3、许多化学特性都归入到这个范畴。其中包括酸性或碱性，活性和耐腐蚀性。而在这其中最重要的是耐腐蚀性，通俗的解释是材料在特定大气中长期使用时，抵抗腐蚀的能力。4、不锈钢不像其他钢一样会在空气中生锈，不锈钢意味着在空气、潮湿和污染的环境下，具有抗着色、抗生锈、抗腐蚀的能力，并且通常情况下不锈钢定义为铬的含量在11%30%之间，。事实上，材料钢的基础是铁。Answerthefollowingthreequestion