初中英语语法-介词课件(23张)

1、介 词 by 张慧月介 词 by 张慧月Look at this picture,what can you see?There are some apples on the tree.There is a bird in the tree.There are some strawberries and flowers under the tree.Look at this picture,There are一、定义 介词是一种用来表示:词与词, 词与句之间的关系的词，在句中不能单独作句子成分。二、分类时间介词地点介词方式介词其他介词（方法、原因、目的）介词的讲解介词一、定义介词的讲解介词1时间

2、介词in年、月、季节及时间段（早、午、晚）on具体某一天，星期、节日at钟点、节日、（一段时间）的起点 in the morning/afternoon/evening on Monday in January/February on January fifth in Spring on Christmas Day in 2014 on New Years Day in 2 days/weeks/years on Sunday morning at dawn/daybreak at six at midnight at 4:30 at sixteen/at the age of sixteen

3、 at Christmas1时间介词in年、月、季节及时间段（早、午、晚）on具体某一Lets try! 1.Mygrandfatherwasborn_Oct.10,1935. A.on B.in C.at D.of 2.Thetrainisstarting_fiveminutes. A.in B.at C.for D.still 3. Mikedoeshisexercises_seven_theevening.A.on;toB.at;inC.by;ofD.at;on 4. Childrengetgifts_Christmasand_theirbirthdays.A.on;onB.at;onC

4、.in;inD.in;on 5. Thereisnothing_tomorrowafternoon,isthere? -No.Wecanhaveagameoftabletennis.A.onB.inC.outD.up Lets try! for一段时间over 在某个时间一直. (连续的状态,行为等)某个时间点上发生或做了某事(间断的或一次性的状态或行为)during for 2 days over a five-year period for a long time over many years for a couple of weeks over night Theyve been ma

5、rried for 10 years. during the Middle Ages during 1942 在1942年中 during the summer（of that year） during his childhood for一段时间over 在某个时间一直. (连续的状态,Lets try 1. He fell asleep _ the lesson. 他在上课时睡着了。 2. The fish will not keep _ night. 这条鱼放不到明天(就会变质) 3. He _ a lot of great movies over these years. A.has m

6、ade B.made C.was making D.was made 4. Id like to call on my uncle _my stay in Beijing this summer. In other words, I can see my uncle again _the summer. A. during; during B. in; in C. during; in D. in; during 5. There was a terrible storm_the night; it rained_four or five hours. A. during; during B.

7、 during; for C. for; for D. for; during overduringLets try 1. He fell asleep _before在（时间）之前，但 不包括当日after在（时间）以后from 用于一般过去、一般现在或一般将来时since主要用于完成时或完成进行时“自从” I went to the cinema befroe 7 p.m. yesterday. Mary often play volleyball with her friends after school. We go to school from Monday to Friday. I

8、t is 10 years since they got married.before在（时间）之前，但 不包括当日after在“by + 时间点”表示“到.以前为止”，如果by后加“将来的时间点”，应用一般将来时；如果by后跟过去的时间点，应用过去完成时 用于否定句中，意为“直到才”，在其前的谓语动词多用瞬间动词；用在肯定句中意为“直到为止”，其前的谓语动词需用延续性动词 By the end of next month,I will finish reading this book By the end of this week ,I have written two books I di

9、dnt go to bed until 10 oclock. I waited for my mother until 10 oclock.till/untilby“by + 时间点”表示“到.以前为止”，如果by后加“2地点介词at一般指小地方； at home at school at the station That man is standing at the bus stop. in一般指大地方或某个范围之内； in the factory in the room in the center of/in the middle of. on往往表示“在某个物体的表面”。 on the

10、bus on the train on the subway/underground There is a book and a lamp on the desk.2地点介词at一般指小地方；表示地理位置的几种介词用法 in：某一地区之内的地方（在该范围之内） to：某一地区之外的地方（在该范围之外） on：与某一地区接壤的地方Fujian is in the southeast of China.Xinjiang is in the northwest of China.Jiangsu is in the east of China What about Taiwan?Taiwan is i

11、n the southeast of China.表示地理位置的几种介词用法Fujian is in the in：某一地区之内的地方（在该范围之内） to：某一地区之外的地方（在该范围之外） on：与某一地区接壤的地方TipJapan is to the east of China.South Korea is to the northeast of China.Russia is on the north of China.North Korea is on northeast of China.Learn and tryWhat about Sinapore?注：be + in/on/t

12、o 可用 lie + in/on/to代替 in：某一地区之内的地方（在该范围之内）TipJapa1.China lies _the east of Asia and _the north of Australia. A. in, on B. in ,to C. to, in2.Mongolia(蒙古) is _the north of China. A. in B. on C. to3.The United States is _ the south of Canada and _ the east of Japan. A. to; in B. on; to C. in; beside D.

13、 at; on 4.Japan lies_ the east of China. A. on B. to C. in D. with Exercise1.China lies _the east of A 常见的方位介词over指“正上方”,还有“覆盖”的含义（反义词under，“正下方”)above指“在上方”但不一定在正上方(反义词below,“在下方” ) B is over A. D is above C. Spread a cloth over the table. The plane flew above the clouds.ABoverCDabove 常见的方位介词over指“

14、正上方”,还有“覆盖”的含义 常见的方位介词acrossthroughacross是指从表面穿过through则是指从物体内部穿过 We should go across the road carefully. Three men went through the forest yesterday.穿过 常见的方位介词acrossthroughacross是1. There is a bridge _ the river .2. There is a pen _ the book.3. It took the man 2 months to walk _ the desert.4. The t

15、hird floor is _ the sixth floor.5. The sixth floor is _ the third floof.riverbridge让我们思考一下throughoverbelowaboveunder1. There is a bridge _ thbetween.and in front ofnext to/besidebehindopposite 常见的方位介词in the front ofABbetween.and in front ofnext 1. Millie sits _ me.2. Amy sits _ Millie _Simon.3. Kitt

16、y sits _ Sandy.4. Kitty sits _ Simon.5. The window is _ the door.6. The chalk is _ the teachers desk.in front ofbetweenandnext to/besidebehindoppositeonDaniel says 1. Millie sits _ me3其他介词 in 用材料、语言、方式with 用工具、某物 by 用方式、方法、手段 in this way with chopsticks in Chinese with our eyes be made in metal with

17、 the money By+交通方式：by car/bus/plane/trian by sending e-mails交通工具前有冠词、物主代词等修饰，介词用“on/in” in my car on my bike on the bus on a ship1. 表示方式、方法的介词3其他介词 in 用材料、语言、方式2.表示原因、目的的介词because of 表示因为或以. .为理由for 表示动作或活动的目的、目标或意图out of 表示起源、来源或原因 I cant fly a kite because of the heavy rain. He cant come here beca

18、use of the bad weather. There are all kinds of things for sale in this shopping centre. Lily went out for a walk just now. The help you out of pity. The traffic accident was out of carelessness in diving2.表示原因、目的的介词 1.His father is very angry_him his study. A. at，with B.with，at C.to，about D.about，to 2.Paper