新高考版英语高中总复习专题七《语法填空（试题练）》教与学

1、高考英语总复习PAGE PAGE 35学好一门外语很重要。专题七语法填空【考情探究】项目卷名语篇类型主题有提示词无提示词主题语境主题语境内容词性转换谓语动词非谓语动词形容词、副词名词的数介词冠词代词连词、复合句及其他2019课标说明文人与自然人与动物222101101课标记叙文人与自我生命的意义与价值2230001022018课标说明文人与自我生活方式212111011课标说明文人与自然社会发展与环境3220011012017课标说明文人与自我生活方式122111101课标说明文人与社会社会进步3210111102016课标记叙文人与自然人与动物212011111课标说明文人与自我个人生活21

2、12111012015课标记叙文人与自然自然环境122111011课标说明文人与自然社会发展与环境313001101总计2116206698410占比21%16%20%6%6%9%8%4%10%分析解读1.语篇类型近五年高考课标卷语法填空所选文章主要为说明文和记叙文,难度适中,区分度较好。2.主题语境近五年高考课标卷语法填空涵盖了课程标准列举的人与自我、人与社会和人与自然三大主题语境,主题语境内容涉及人与动物、个人生活、自然环境、社会进步等话题,较好地涵盖了普通高中英语课程标准涉及的话题。3.命题角度近五年高考课标卷语法填空设题分为有提示词和无提示词两种,以考查词性转换、谓语动词、非谓语动词、

3、连词和各类复合句为主,兼顾形容词、副词、名词的数、介词和谓语动词、冠词、代词。考点涵盖了词汇、语法规则、构词知识、逻辑理解等方面。 4.备考建议(1)突出对重点语法的复习和训练,根据高考题总结高频考点,熟练掌握应对每一个考点的常用方法;(2)完成试题后,大声朗读原文,不断品味挖空特点,加深对高考命题的理解。【真题探秘】真题再现The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88, the

4、re is evidence 1 they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 2 (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,00025,000 polar bears worldwide.M

5、odern methods 3 tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive 4 (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 5 (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a 6 (believe) that popul

6、ations are increasing. Scientists have responded by 7 (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are 8 (high) than they actually are. Of 9 nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six10 (be) sta

7、ble, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.阅读点拨重点词汇1.land mass n.陆块2.range v. (在一定的范围内)变化,变动3.figure out 计算出4.calculate v. 估算,计算5.track v. 跟踪;追踪6.employ v. 应用;运用;使用7.consistently adv. 一致地;始终如一地,连续地8.respond adj. 回答,回应9.stable adj. 稳定的;稳固的;牢固的高效解题有提示词2答案poorly考查词性转换。此处应用副词修饰谓语动词has been studie

8、d。4答案to perform考查非谓语动词。该句为“be+形容词+不定式”结构,主语methods与perform为被动关系,但用不定式的主动式作状语。 5答案have reported考查谓语动词。由In recent years可知此处应用现在完成时。6答案belief 考查词性转换。 根据设空处前的冠词a及后面的同位语从句可知,此处应填名词belief。7答案noting考查非谓语动词。介词后应用note的动词-ing形式noting作宾语。8答案higher考查形容词的比较级。根据设空处后的than可知,此处用high的比较级。10答案are考查时态和主谓一致。根据设空处前的are及

9、设空处后的is和lack可知,本句是现在时态,又根据six可知此处填are。无提示词1答案that考查同位语从句。此处缺引导同位语从句的连接词that,说明evidence的具体内容,“证据表明”。3答案of/for考查介词。method of/for.是固定搭配,意为“的方法”。9答案the考查冠词。此处特指19种被辨认出的北极熊亚种群,因此用定冠词the。命题形式语法填空的命题形式分为给出提示词和不给提示词两种。考查内容考查范围覆盖考纲规定的大部分内容,考点主要包括谓语动词、非谓语动词、形容词、副词、名词和复合句。同时也会涉及冠词、代词、介词和固定搭配等考点。审题指导1.通读全文,了解大意

10、。文章主要介绍了北极熊的分布区域和北极熊数量的变化情况。2.通过阅读全文,大致了解设空处所涉及的语法考点。【考点集训】单句填空1.Many people live along the coast make a living in fishing industry.2.The (disappear) of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents.3.In the 1950s in the USA, most families (have) just one phone at home, and wireless

11、phones hadnt been invented yet.4.It suddenly occurred to him that he (leave) his keys in the office.5.I cannot control my body well. My legs become (pain).6.Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was it was rather closely modeled on his own life. 7.Susan made it c

12、lear to me that she wished (make) a new life for herself.8.Keep (hold) your position for a while.9.Many airlines now allow passengers (print) their boarding passes online to save their valuable time.10.I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man(sit) at the front. 11.Th

13、e aim of education is to teach young people (think) for themselves and not follow others blindly.12.“That would be a very(reason) thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small village like ours,” Nick said.13.I was driving down to London when I (sudden) found that I was on the wrong road.1

14、4. (sad), he didnt pass the exam the other day.15.I got to the office earlier that day, (catch) the 7:30 train from Paddington.16.The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief you are better than anyone else in the sports field.17.News came from the school office Wang Lin had

15、been admitted to Beijing University.答案1.who/that2.disappearance3.had4.had left5.painful6.that7.to make8.holding9.to print10.sitting11.to think12.reasonable13.suddenly14.Sadly15.having caught16.that17.that【方法集训】有提示词1.In 1962, Rachel Carsons best-selling book “Silent Spring” created an (aware) of the

16、dangerous effects of pesticides(农药). 答案awareness2.In his letter, Jin introduced (he) and Yiwu, as well as his hope that the Queen would appreciate traditional Chinese culture. 答案himself3.If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别)those of (great) a

17、nd less importance. 答案greater4.A museum has managed to draw in lots of visitors to learn about a century-old duck recipe. It(build)for the public to understand the brands culture. 答案was built5.When they destroy a farmers crops, the farmer must(pay) compensation. 答案be paid6.There are always lots of p

18、eople in the street, and there is always something(see)or do. 答案to see7.I felt hopeless and alone, and more(depress) than I knew was possible. 答案depressed8.My friends here usually take my likes and dislikes into consideration when (order), and I do the same for them. 答案ordering9.(see) the news of it

19、s return to Yiwu,Jins mother encouraged him to write about it and then send the letter to Queen Elizabeth. 答案Seeing10.The announcement was presented as a letter (write)by the couple to their new baby girl, Max. 答案written11.It took a lot of financial resources and time (create) the lake, which is eno

20、ugh to irrigate(灌溉) the whole farm. 答案to create12.Prices for celebrity answers also increased with more people (ask) questions online. 答案asking无提示词1.What all of you really wanted was coffee, not the cup, you went for the best cups and then began looking at each others cups. 答案but/yet2.There are many

21、 good websitesyou can check out the latest in the science world. 答案where3.Its possible that one way out could be blocked by fire or smoke, so youll want to knowother ones are. 答案where4.Actually, children learn violent behavior from adults or from they see on television or on the Internet. 答案what5.Th

22、e song “A Little Bit Longer” by Nick Jonas is an emotional and inspiring song that whenever I hear it, I always come close to dropping down tears. 答案such6.Earthquake safety is very important and there is more to itjust keeping buildings from falling down. 答案than7.Guan Zhengwen, chief director of the

23、 show, considers written Chinese the root of Chinas cultural heritage. 答案as8.Apartthe cold, thin air and low oxygen levels also can cause mountain sickness. 答案from9.According to SCMP, the so-called “four new great inventions” were basedlast years research conducted by the Silk Road Research Institut

24、e. 答案on【五年高考】A组统一命题课标卷题组Passage 1(2019课标全国)A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for 1 (be) Britains oldest full-time employeestill working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, 2 she opened with her late husband Les. Her years o

25、f hard work have 3 (final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名) her to be Cheshires Woman Of The Year.Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene 4 (declare) she had no plans 5 (retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said,“I dont see any reason to give up work. I love

26、coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 6 (make) over the years. I work not because I have to, 7 because I want to.”Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31who works alongside her in the family businesssaid it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said,“We dont have any i

27、dea who put Grandma forward. When we got a call 8 (say) she was short-listed, we thought it was 9 joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. Its 10 (wonder).”答案1.being2.which3.finally4.declared5.to retire6.have made7.but8.saying9.a10.wonderfulPassage 2(2

28、019课标全国)On our way to the house, it was raining 1 hard that we couldnt help wondering how long it would take 2 (get) there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.We were first greeted with the barking by a pack 3 dogs, seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters 4 had great experience wi

29、th caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and 5 (recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. For breakfast, we were able to eat papaya(木瓜) and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let u

30、s know of an interesting 6 (compete) to watch, together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many 7 (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were 8 (huge) popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay, we 9 (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the Nor

31、th Shore under the stars, 10 (listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals.答案1.so2.to petition7.traditional8.hugely9.were invited10.listeningPassage 3(2018课标全国)According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years1(long)than non-runners. You dont have to run fast or

32、 for long2(see)the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of3(die)early by running.While running regularly cant make you live forever, the review says it4(be)more effective at lengthening life5walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a

33、 study published in 20146showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all7(cause).The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise.its probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to8(s

34、trength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and its always9(energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give10a try.答案1.longer2.to see3.dying4.is5.than6.that/whic

35、h7.causes8.strengthen9.energetic10.it/runningPassage 4(2018课标全国)Diets have changed in Chinaand so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country1(grow)more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over2past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.A taste for meat is3(ac

36、tual)behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corns rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice4(improve)water quality. Corn uses less water5rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥)run-off. This switch has de

37、creased6(pollute)in the countrys major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total7(globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005when the government8(start) a soil-

38、testing program9 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmersand 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放)of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. Chinas approach to protecting its environment while10(feed)its citizens “offers useful lessons for agricul

39、ture and food policymakers worldwide,”says the banks Juergen Voegele.答案1.has grown2.the3.actually4.to improve5.than6.pollution7.global8.started9.that/which10.feedingPassage 5(2018课标全国)Im not sure1is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩)that suddenly appears out of nowhere. Im walking on a p

40、ath in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, Im face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at2top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the3(loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges

41、toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid4(look)directly into his eyes so he doesnt feel5(challenge).My name is Mireya Mayor. Im a6(science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching7these three western lowland gorillas Id been observing. No one had seen them for

42、 hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find8(they)alive. True to gorillas unaggressive nature, the huge animal9(mean)me no real harm. He was just saying:“Im king of this forest, and here is your reminder!”Once his message was de

43、livered, he allowed me10(stay)and watch.答案1.who2.the3.loudest4.looking5.challenged6.scientist7.for8.them9.meant10.to stayPassage 6(2017课标全国)There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界)1a

44、 method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side2(effect)such as overweight and heart diseasethe very thing the medical community was trying to fight.Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required3(process)the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for severa

45、l other bodily functions. When fat and salt4(remove)from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As5result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even6(bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food7(be)full of fat and salt;by8(eat)mor

46、e fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心)between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be9(care)not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both

47、,10is not good for the health.答案1.as2.effects3.to process4.are removed5.a6.worse7.is8.eating9.careful10.whichPassage 7(2017课标全国)In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible 1(crowd) on the r

48、oads above as they travelled to and 2 work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, 3(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 4 top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.Steam engines 5(use) to p

49、ull the carriages and it must have been 6(fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using 7 every day.Later, engineers 8(manage) to construct railways in a system of

50、 deep tunnels(隧道), which became known as the Tube. This development was only possible with the 9(introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The Central London Railway was one of the most 10(success)of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriag

51、es, and proved extremely popular with the public.答案1.crowds2.from3.laying4.the5.were roduction10.successfulPassage 8(2017课标全国)She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A-level course. But unlike her school friends,

52、16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 1(rest). Instead, she is earning 6,500 a day as 2 model in New York.Sarah 3(tell) that she could be Britains new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah, 4has t

53、aken part in shows along with top models, wants 5(prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 6(educate).She has turned down several 7(invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full

54、-time before going to university to get a degree 8 engineering or architecture.Sarah says, “My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 9(come) first. I dont want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 10(certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I dont want to have

55、 nothing else to fall back on when I cant model any more.”答案1.resting2.a3.has been told/was told4.who5.to es10.certainlyPassage 9(2016课标全国)Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asias biggest building and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top1(attract).So it was a great hon

56、our to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research. I2(allow)to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be3(official)given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connec

57、tion with pandas goes back 4my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s,5I was the first Western TV reporter6(permit)to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include7(introduce)British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others a

58、t a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.On my recent visit, I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by8(it)mother. The nursery team switches him every few9(day)with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed,10other is with mumshe never suspects.答案1.attracti

59、on2.was roducing8.its9.days10.thePassage 10(2016课标全国)If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify(识别) those of1(great) and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so youll feel a real sense of2(achieve). Leaving the less important th

60、ings until tomorrow3(be) often acceptable.Most of us are more focused4our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So,get an early start and try to be as productive5possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomp