词汇团1028学习汇总文本周三初级阅读

1、导语: 本文是一篇科普说明文。文章主要介绍了电子垃圾的产生、危害以及相关解决措施。文In the United States alone, over 100 million cell-phones are thrown away eac h year. Cell-phones are part of a growing mountain of electronic waste like co mputers and personal digital assistants. The electronic waste stream is increa sing three times faster

2、 than traditional garbage as a whole.Electronic devices contain valuable metals such as gold and silver. A Swiss st udy reported that while the weight of electronic goods represented by preciou s metals was relatively small in comparison to total waste, the concentrati on (含量) of gold and other prec

3、ious metals was higher in so-called e-waste than in naturally occurring minerals.Electronic wastes also contain many poisonous metals. Even when the machin es are recycled and the harmful metals removed, the recycling process often i s carried out in poor countries, in practically uncontrolled ways

4、which allow m any poisonous substances to escape into the environment.Creating products out of raw materials creates much more waste material, up to 100 times more, than the material contained in the finished products. Con sider again the cell-phone, and imagine the mines that produced those metals,

5、 the factories needed to make the box and packaging(包装) when it came in. Many wastes produced in the producing process are harmful as well.The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency notes that most waste is dangerou s in that “the production, distribution, and use of products as well as ma nagement of

6、 the resulting waste all result in greenhouse gas release.” Indi viduals can reduce their contribution by creating less waste at the start for instance, buying reusable products and recycling.In many countries the concept of extended producer responsibility is being co nsidered or has been put in pl

7、ace as an incentive (动机) for reducing waste. If producers are required to take back packaging they use to sell their produc ts, would they reduce the packaging in the first place?Governments incentive to require producers to take responsibility for the pac kaging they produce is usually based on mon

8、ey. Why, they ask, should cities or towns be responsible for paying to deal with the bubble wrap (气泡垫) th at encased your television?From the governments point of view, a primary goal of laws requiring extend ed producer responsibility is to transfer both the costs and the physical respo nsibility o

9、f waste management from the government and tax-payers back to t he producers.By mentioning the Swiss study, the author intends to tell us that the weight of e-goods is rather E-waste deserves to be made good use natural minerals contain more precious the percentage of precious metals is heavy in e-T

10、he responsibility of e-waste treatment should be extended from producers to from governments to from individuals to from distributors to What does the passage mainly talk The increase in e-The creation of e-The seriousness of e-The management of e-garbage在本文中的意思是“垃圾”，waste, garbage, rubbish, litter,

11、 debris, junk 这些 比如：A bomb planted in a garbage can exploded early today. 今天早些时候，安放在垃圾箱里的一枚炸弹爆炸了。再如：Furious government officials branded her sto ry garbage.大发雷霆的政府官员称她的报道为“胡说八道”。 We lacked concentration and it cost us the goal and the game. 我们注意力不够集中，结果丢了球，输了比赛。再如：This concentration of airborne fire

12、power wr ought havoc with the enemy forces. 这次机载火力的集中攻击给敌军造成很大破坏。, 比如：Precious few homebuyers will notice any reduction in their monthly repa yments.极少数购房者会注意到他们月还款额的减少。再如：The banks have had precio us little to celebrate recently. 银行最近没几件值得庆贺的事。distribution在本文中的意思是“分配”allocation“分配，安置”。例如：Thecivilw

13、ar is obstructing distribution of famine relief by aid agencies. 内战阻碍着救援机构对饥荒赈济物资的配给。再比如：The distribution of passports has been a slow pr ocess. 颁发护照的过程非常缓慢。incentive 的意思是“动机”，作形容词时表示“刺激性的，鼓励性质的”。比如：You get a bi g salary incentive and free board and lodging too.你们能获得大笔激励性薪水，还可享受免费膳宿。再如：Its the biggest financial incentive ever dangled before Briti sh footballers. 这是历来对英国足球运动员的最大经济诱惑。B。2.B细节理解题。文章第六、七、八三段围绕“生产者责任延伸”展开的，最后一段作了总结，根据“a prima