ERP企业资源计划（PPT 37）英文

1、TSL School of Business and Information TechnologyDr. Zhonghui Ouyang2006年4月Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)企业资源计划 10/12/20221推荐教材材和参考考书：ERP应应用教程程，许许建钢、王新玲玲、张清清华、武武兴兵、周晓红红等，电电子工业业出版社社2004年1月出版版ERP 原理理.设计计.实施施(第2版)，罗鸿鸿 王忠忠民，电电子工业业出版社社2004年6月出版版；Maximizing YourERP System:APracticalGuidefor Managers,S

2、cottHamilton,McGraw-Hill3/1/20202ThePositionofERP in Your4YR StudyA typecoursesEconomicsBizEnglishManagementHRBehaviorofConsumerAccountingMarketB2BTSBITs Graduate StudentB2CSCMCRMERPElectronic CommerceLinearAlgebraCalculusSeCMGraduateSchoolsPublicSectorsCompaniesBusinessInformation3/1/20203ThePositi

3、onofERP WithinCIPComprehensive Information Platform (CIP, 大信信息平台台）Electronic Commerce (EC,电电子商商务）PDMOA(办公自自动化）MIS(管理理信息系系统）3C(CAD/CAPP/CAE）ERPCRMSeCMSCMKNOWLEDGEBASEB2CB2BB2GB2M3/1/20204Chapter 2: TheFormationofERP Theory(ERP理理论的形形成)2.1BasicMRP (基基本MRP)2.2Closed-loopMRP (闭闭环MRP)*2.3Manufacturingreso

4、urceplanning（MRP-II）(制造资资源计划划)*2.4EnterpriseResourcePlanning（ERP）(企业业资源计计划)*Chapter 3: Basic Concepts (基基本概念念)3.1Itemnumber(物料料编码)3.2BillofMaterials（BOM）(物物料清单单)*3.3WorkCenter（工作中中心）3.4LeadTime andPlanningExpectation(提前期期与计划划展望期期)3.5Routing(工艺路路线)3.6IndependentDemand andDependentDemand (独独立需求求与相关关需求

5、)3.7ShopCalendar(工作日日历)Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) (Week 1)3/1/20205Chapter 2: TheFormationofERP Theory(ERP理理论的形形成)60s:Safe inventory(tomeetthereq.between requirement andorderlead time)70s:Materialrequirementsplanning(MRP)80s:Closed-loopMRP(闭环MRP)80s:Control productionand inventory- Manufactu

6、ringresourceplanning(MRP-II)90s:Enterprise Resource Planning（ERP）00s:UnionResourcePlanning(URP)orComprehensive Information Platform (CIP, 大信信息平台台）2.0Formation HistoryofERP3/1/20206Chapter 2: TheFormationofERP Theory(ERP理理论的形形成)2.1BasicMRP (基基本MRP)What is MRP?MRPcalculatesandmaintains an optimummanuf

7、acturingplan based on masterproduction schedules,salesforecasts,inventorystatus,open ordersandbillsofmaterialComputerizedInventory ControlProduction Planning SystemManagement Information SystemManufacturing ControlSystem3/1/20207Chapter 2: TheFormationofERP Theory(ERP理理论的形形成)2.1BasicMRP (基基本MRP)3/1/

8、20208Chapter 2: TheFormationofERP Theory(ERP理理论的形形成)2.1BasicMRP (基基本MRP)ReduceInventory LevelsReduceComponent ShortagesImprove Shipping PerformanceImprove Customer ServiceImprove ProductivitySimplified andAccurateSchedulingReducePurchasingCostImprove ProductionSchedulesReduceManufacturingCostReduceL

9、eadTimesLess Scrap andReworkHigherProductionQualityWhat canMRPdo?3/1/20209Chapter 2: TheFormationofERP Theory(ERP理理论的形形成)2.1BasicMRP (基基本MRP)What canMRPdo?Improve CommunicationImprove Plant EfficiencyReduceFreightCostReductioninExcess InventoryReduceOvertimeImprove SupplySchedulesImprove Calculation

10、 of Material RequirementsImprove Competitive Position3/1/202010Chapter 2: TheFormationofERP Theory(ERP理理论的形形成)2.1BasicMRP (基基本MRP)ThreeBasicStepsofMRPIdentifyingRequirementsRunning MRP Creating theSuggestionsFirming theSuggestions3/1/202011Chapter 2: TheFormationofERP Theory(ERP理理论的形形成)2.1BasicMRP (

11、基基本MRP)Step 1:IdentifyingtheRequirementsQuantityonHandQuantityonOpen Purchase OrderQuantityin/orPlanned forManufacturingQuantityCommittedtoExistingOrdersQuantityForecasted3/1/202012Chapter 2: TheFormationofERP Theory(ERP理理论的形形成)2.1BasicMRP (基基本MRP)Step 1:ImportantInformationMRP is.Company SensitiveL

12、ocationSensitiveDate Sensitive3/1/202013Chapter 2: TheFormationofERP Theory(ERP理理论的形形成)2.1BasicMRP (基基本MRP)Step 2: RunningMRP Creatingthe SuggestionsCriticalItemsExpediteItemsDelayItems3/1/202014Chapter 2: TheFormationofERP Theory(ERP理理论的形形成)2.1BasicMRP (基基本MRP)Step 3:Firming theSuggestionsManufactu

13、ring OrdersPurchasing OrdersVarious Reports3/1/202015OverviewoftheMRP SystemProduct StructureFileMasterProductionScheduleInventoryMaster FileMaterialRequirementsPlanningManufacturing OrdersPurchaseOrdersVarious Reports3/1/202016Chapter 2: TheFormationofERP Theory(ERP理理论的形形成)2.1BasicMRP (基基本MRP)MRPIn

14、putsProduct StructureFileMasterProductionScheduleInventoryMaster File3/1/202017Chapter 2: TheFormationofERP Theory(ERP理理论的形形成)2.1BasicMRP (基基本MRP)Product StructureFileBill of Materials3/1/202018Chapter 2: TheFormationofERP Theory(ERP理理论的形形成)2.1BasicMRP (基基本MRP)MasterProductionScheduleScheduleofFinis

15、hedProductsRepresents Production, notDemandCombinationofCustomerOrdersand DemandForecastsWhat Needs to be Produced3/1/202019Chapter 2: TheFormationofERP Theory(ERP理理论的形形成)2.1BasicMRP (基基本MRP)InventoryMaster FileOn-Hand QuantitiesOn-OrderQuantitiesLotSizesSafetyStockLead TimePast-Usage Figures3/1/202

16、020Chapter 2: TheFormationofERP Theory(ERP理理论的形形成)MRPProcessSchedulesthe Productionofall items using an MRPMatrixItem: Low-Level Code: Lot Size: Lead Time:PD12345Gross RequirementsScheduled ReceiptsProjected on HandNet RequirementsPlanned Order ReceiptsPlanned Order Releases3/1/202021Chapter 2: TheF

17、ormationofERP Theory(ERP理理论的形形成)2.1BasicMRP (基基本MRP)2.2Closed-loopMRP (闭闭环MRP)*2.3Manufacturingresourceplanning（MRP-II）(制造资资源计划划)*2.4EnterpriseResourcePlanning（ERP）(企业业资源计计划)*Chapter 3: Basic Concepts (基基本概念念)3.1Itemnumber(物料料编码)3.2BillofMaterials（BOM）(物物料清单单)*3.3WorkCenter（工作中中心）3.4LeadTime andPlan

18、ningExpectation(提前期期与计划划展望期期)3.5Routing(工艺路路线)3.6IndependentDemand andDependentDemand (独独立需求求与相关关需求)3.7ShopCalendar(工作日日历)Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) (Week 1)3/1/202022Chapter 3: Basic Concepts (基基本概念念)3.1Itemnumber(物料料编码)Figure 1.Figure 2.Tech InfoofMaterialInventoryInfoofMaterialPlan Manage

19、mentInfoofMaterialProcurementManagement InfoofMaterialSalesManagement InfoofMaterialFinancialManagementInfo of MaterialQuality ManagementInfoofMaterial.3/1/202023Chapter 3: Basic Concepts (基基本概念念)3.2BillofMaterials（BOM）(物物料清单单)ThebasicinfoofMRP, thebridgebetweenMPSand MRPTheroutingcanbethe total rou

20、tingofproductionbasedonBOMThebackflushing inventoryofJIT, 100%accurateisnecessaryThebasicinfoforcontractingprojectThebasicinfoforshopmaterialThebasicinfoforcostcalculationThebasicinfoforsellingprice3/1/202024Chapter 3: Basic Concepts (基基本概念念)3.2BillofMaterials（BOM）(物物料清单单)Part NumberPart NameDescrip

21、tionUnitsUnit CostSource for materials/parts 3/1/202025Chapter 3: Basic Concepts (基基本概念念)3.2BillofMaterials（BOM）(物物料清单单)ContractorsMPSCost infoInventoryinfoBOMRoutingProd materialsMRPSalespriceRelationshipbetweenBOMand other dada3/1/202026Chapter 3: Basic Concepts (基基本概念念)3.5Routing(工艺路路线)A routingi

22、sanorderset of operationsthatarecarriedouttoproducea material.Forexample,the operationsfor assemble abicyclemightbesetting up 2tiresintoframe,installingsaddle, etc.The operationisa resource consumer thatnecessary timeand costisrecordedinthe operation.Eachoperationofroutingisoperatedinwork centerandc

23、onsumesits capacities.3/1/202027Chapter 3: Basic Concepts (基基本概念念)3.3WorkCenter（工作中中心）A workcenter contains aset of capacitiesthatarerequiredtoperformanoperationconcurrently.Thecategoryofcapacitycan be LabororMachine.Contrarytotheoperation,capacitycategoryisa resource provider thataverageavailableti

24、meandprocessingformula is assigned to calculatetheirnecessaryprocessingtime.3/1/202028Chapter 3: Basic Concepts (基基本概念念)3.4LeadTime andPlanningExpectation(提前期期与计划划展望期期)Lead timeisthe timebetweenthedecisiontostartaproject andthecompletionofthework.Leadtimecanbecategorizedas:Lead timefor preparingprod

25、uctionLead timefor procurementLead timefor productionLead timefor configurationCumulative leadtime= 1) +2)+3)+ 4)Totallead timeisthe lifecycleofthe production(design,preparing,production,configuration,test,outofshop,etc)3/1/202029Chapter 3: Basic Concepts (基基本概念念)3.6IndependentDemand andDependentDem

26、and(独立需需求与相相关需求求)Inventorycan be classifiedintwo ways: independent demandinventory, which is notdependentonothercomponents;dependent demandinventory, which coversitemsorcomponents usedinthe assembly of final products.Dependentdemand inventorycanbemanagedbyuseofmaterials requirement planning.MRPrelie

27、s on productionplanstoproposea timetableforwhenmaterialsorders arerequired.Consequently theresultingstocks of materialsdependonaknowndemand. TheMRPinventory controlsystem requires agreatdealofinformationaboutcomponents andproductsandistherefore computerised.The maininformationcomesfromthreefiles:the

28、masterproductionschedule, thebill of materialsandinventoryrecords.3/1/202030Chapter 3: Basic Concepts (基基本概念念)3.7ShopCalendar(工作日日历)Shop calendar is alsocalled as productioncalendardue to itsrelationshipwithproduction.Production dateVacationdateEquipmenttestingShop calendar needs infoon: codeofthe s

29、hop, codefor WC,date,status, availabledays,cumulative availabledays3/1/202031Q&AThanks!3/1/202032Chapter 2: TheFormationofERP Theory(ERP理理论的形形成)60s:Safe inventory(tomeetthereq.between requirement andorderlead time)Safe inventoryOrderpointMaxinventoryLead timeMaterials consumingspeed3/1/202033Chapter 2: TheFormationofERP Theory(ERP理理论的形形成)80s:Closed-loopMRP(闭环环MRP)REQINFOOFPROD PLANNINGMASTERPRODUCTIONSCHEDULEROUGH-CUTCAPACITYP