2022年考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号6

1、住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题It is bad manners to （ ） people where they are speaking.问题1选项A.interviewB.intimateC.interfereD.interrupt【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。Interview “采访；面试”；intimate “暗示，通知”；interfere “干涉，打扰”；interrupt “打断，中断，打扰”。句意：打断他人说话是不礼貌的。选项D符

2、合题意。2.单选题The wings of the bird still（ ）after it had been shot down.问题1选项A.slappedB.scratchedC.flappedD.fluctuated【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。slap “拍击”；scratch “抓，搔”；flap “拍动翅膀”；fluctuate “波动”。句意：鸟儿在被打中之后仍然在拍动翅膀。选项C符合题意。3.单选题By（ ） computation, he estimated that the repairs on the house would cost him a thousan

3、d dollars.问题1选项A.coarseB.rudeC.averageD.general【答案】A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。coarse “粗糙的”；rude “粗鲁的”；average “平均的，普通的”；general “一般的，普通的”。句意：通过粗略计算，他估计修理好这个房子需要花费一千美元。选项A符合题意。4.单选题Over the last fifteen years, running has become a popular （ ）for 30 million participants of all ages.问题1选项A.fantasyB.pastimeC.sympos

4、iumD.penalty【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。fantasy “幻想”；pastime “消遣，娱乐”；symposium “座谈会；penalty “惩罚”。句意：在过去的三十年里，跑步对于3000万名各个年龄层的参与者来说成为了一种非常受欢迎的消遣方式。选项B符合题意。5.单选题Children always are （ ） about things they do not know.问题1选项A.curiousB.queerC.strangeD.quaint【答案】A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。Curious “好奇的”；queer “奇怪的”；strange “奇怪的”；

5、quaint “离奇有趣的”。句意：孩子们往往对他们所不知道的事情感到好奇。选项A符合题意。6.单选题A terrible traffic accident happened; people were saddened when they watched the（ ）sight on TV.问题1选项A.panicB.patrioticC.patheticD.periodic【答案】C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。panic “恐慌的”；patriotic “爱国的”；pathetic “可怜的”；periodic “周期的”。句意：发生了一场严重的交通事故；当人们从电视上看到这个可怜的场面的时

6、候都非常伤心。选项C符合题意。7.单选题Despite Denmarks manifest virtues, Danes never talk about how proud they are to be Danes. This would sound weird in Danish. When Danes talk to foreigners about Denmark, they always begin by commenting on its tininess, its unimportance, the difficulty of its language, the general

7、small-mindedness and self indulgence of their countrymen and the high taxes. No Dane would look you in the eye and say Denmark is a great country. Youre supposed to figure this out of yourself.It is the land of the silk safety net, where almost half the national budget goes toward smoothing out life

8、s inequalities, and there is plenty of money for schools, day care, retraining programs, job seminars Danes love seminars: three days at a study center hearing about waste management is almost as good as a ski trip. It is a culture bombarded by English, in advertising, pop music, the Internet, and d

9、espite all the English that Danish absorbs there is no Danish Academy to defend against it old dialects persist in Jutland that can barely be understood by Copenhageners. It is the land where, as the saying goes, Few have too much and fewer have too little, and a foreigner is struck by the sweet ega

10、litarianism that prevails, where the lowliest clerk gives you a level gaze, where Sir and Madam have disappeared from common usage, even Mr. and Mrs. Its a nation of recycles - about 55% of Danish garbage gets made into something new and no nuclear power plants. Its a nation of tireless planners. Tr

11、ains run on time. Things operate well in general.Such a nation of overachievers a brochure from the Ministry of Business and Industry says, Denmark is one of the worlds cleanest and most organized countries, with virtually no pollution, crime, or poverty. Denmark is the most corruption-free society

12、in the Northern Hemisphere. So, of course, ones heart lifts at any sighting of Danish sleaze: skinhead graffiti on buildings (Foreigners Out of Denmark!)，broken beer bottles in the gutters, drunken teenagers slumped in the park.Nonetheless, it is an orderly land. You drive through a Danish town, it

13、comes to an end at a stone wall, and on the other side is a field of barley, a nice clean line: town here, country there. It is not a nation of jaywalkers. People stand on the curb and wait for the red light to change, even if its 2 a.m. and theres not a car in sight. However, Danes dont think of th

14、emselves as a waiting-at-a-a.m.-for-the-green-light people thats how they see Swedes and Germans. Danes see themselves as jazzy people, improvisers, more free spirited than Swedes, but the truth is (though one should not say it) that Danes are very much like Germans and Swedes. Orderliness is a main

15、 selling point. Denmark has few natural resources，limited manufacturing capability; its future in Europe will be as a broker, banker, and distributor of goods. You send your goods by container ship to Copenhagen, and these bright, young, English-speaking, utterly honest, highly disciplined people wi

16、ll get your goods around to Scandinavia, the Baltic States, and Russia. Airports, seaports, highways, and rail lines are ultramodern and well-maintained.The orderliness of the society doesnt mean that Danish lives are less messy or lonely than yours or mines, and no Dane would tell you so. You can h

17、ear plenty about bitter family feuds and the sorrows of alcoholism and about perfectly sensible people who went off one day and killed themselves. An orderly society cannot exempt its members from the hazards of life.But there is a sense of entitlement and security that Danes grow up with. Certain t

18、hings are yours by virtue of citizenship, and you shouldnt feel bad for taking what youre entitled to, youre as good as anyone else. The rules of the welfare system are clear to everyone, the benefits you get if you lose your job, the steps you take to get a new one; and the orderliness of the syste

19、m makes it possible for the country to whether high unemployment and social unrest without a sense of crisis.1.The author thinks that Danes adopt a attitude towards their country（ ）.2.Which of the following is NOT a Danish characteristic cited in the passage?3.The authors reaction to the statement b

20、y the Ministry of Business and Industry is（ ）4.According to the passage, Danish orderliness（ ） .5.At the end of the passage the author states all the following EXCEPT that（ ）问题1选项A.boastfulB.modestC.deprecatingD.mysterious问题2选项A.Fondness of foreign.B.Equality in society.C.Linguistic tolerance.D.Pers

21、istent planning.问题3选项A.disapprovingB.approvingC.noncommittalD.doubtful问题4选项A.sets the people apart from German and SwedesB.spares Danes social troubles besetting other peopleC.is considered economically essential to the countryD.prevents Danes from acknowledging existing troubles问题5选项A.Danes are cle

22、arly informed of their social benefitsB.Danes take for granted what is given to themC.the open system helps to tide the country overD.orderliness has alleviated unemployment【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:A第4题:C第5题:C【解析】1.文章第一段第一句Despite Denmarks manifest virtues, Danes never talk about how proud they are to be D

23、anes， they always begin by commenting on its tininess, its unimportance, the difficulty of its language, the general small-mindedness and self indulgence of their countrymen and the high taxes.提到尽管在外人看来丹麦有着非常多的有点，但是丹麦人自己并没有引以为傲，反而他们经常会谈论自己国家面积小、语言难懂等缺点，可以看出他们是非常谦虚的，选项B符合题意。2.文章第三段skinhead graffiti o

24、n buildings (Foreigners Out of Denmark!)提到在某些建筑物上写着“外国人滚出丹麦”可知部分丹麦人对外国人并不友好，选项A符合题意。3.文章第三段a brochure from the Ministry of Business and Industry says, Denmark is one of the worlds cleanest and most organized countries, with virtually no pollution, crime, or poverty. Denmark is the most corruption-fr

25、ee society in the Northern Hemisphere.”提到丹麦工商部印发的宣传册上宣传丹麦是世界上最干净，最有秩序的国家，然而作者紧接着提出丹麦街头的一些不好的现象，比如有些大楼上写着“外国人滚出丹麦”、破碎的啤酒瓶，还有喝醉了的青少年等，由此看出作者对工商局的宣传持不同意的态度。选项A符合题意。4.文章第四段提到得益于做事有序，丹麦在欧洲的未来是作为代理商、银行和产品分销商（its future in Europe will be as a broker, banker, and distributor of goods），选项C符合题意。5.文章最后一段提到you

26、shouldnt feel bad for taking what youre entitled to，排除选项B；由the rules of the welfare system are clear to everyone可以排除A；由the orderliness of the system makes it possible for the country to whether high unemployment and social unrest without a sense of crisis可以排除选项D。所以选项C符合题意。8.单选题Last year, these ships

27、 transported a total of 80 million tons of cargo, a 4.4 percent increase （ ）to previous year.问题1选项A.byB.overC.withD.to【答案】B【解析】考查介词辨析。句意：去年，这些船总共运输了八千万吨货物，比去年增长了4.4%。over “在上”，符合题意。9.单选题It only takes a （ ） of a second for the computer to do the calculation which a humanwill spend days to do.问题1选项A.f

28、ictionB.reductionC.functionD.fraction【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。fiction “小说”；reduction “减少，下降”；function “功能”；fraction “小部分”。句意：电脑只需要一会就完成了人类需要几天才能完成的运算。选项D符合题意。选项D符合题意。10.单选题The company （ ）a rise in salary for ages, but nothing has happened yet.问题1选项A.is promisedB.has been promisedC.is promisingD.promised【答案

29、】B【解析】考查现在完成时的用法。for ages 时间状语，常与现在完成时连用，表示现在以前的这一段时间里一直在做的事情。选项B符合题意。11.单选题Every human being, no matter what he is doing, gives off body heat. The usual problem is how to dispose of it. But the designers of the Johnstown campus of the University of Pittsburgh set themselves the opposite problem of

30、how to collect body heat. They have designed a collection system which utilizes not only body heat, but the heat given off by such objects as light bulbs and refrigerators as well. The system works so well that no conventional fuel is needed to make the campuss six buildings comfortable. Some parts

31、of most modern buildings-theatres and offices as well as classrooms-are more than amply heated by people and lights and sometimes must be air-condition even in winter. The technique of saving heat and redistributing it is called “heat recovery”. A few modern building recover heat but the Universitys

32、 system is the first to recover heat from some buildings and re-use it in others.Along the way, Pitt has learned a great deal about some of its heat producers. The harder a student studies, the more heat his body gives off. Male students emit more heat than female students, and the larger a student,

33、 the more heat he produces. It is tempting to conclude that the hottest prospect for the Johnstown campus would be a hard-working, overweight male genius.1.Until recently, body heat has caused problems because it（ ）2.Which of the following is true of the heating system of the Johnstown campus?3.At J

34、ohnstown campus, how many of the buildings are heated entirely by the heat collection system?4.In line 6, “conventional” most nearly means （ ）.5.According to the passage, which of the following would produce the LEAST amount of heat?问题1选项A.was difficult to collectB.came in a variety of formsC.was di

35、fficult to get rid ofD.tended to be absorbed by physical objects问题2选项A.The heat is supplied by human bodies onlyB.The best is supplied by both human bodies and other heat-emitting objectsC.The heat is supplied by both human bodies and conventional fuel.D.The heat is supplied by human bodies, other h

36、eat-emitting objects, and conventional fuel问题3选项A.noneB.twoC.fourD.six问题4选项A.ordinaryB.powerfulC.electricalD.extra问题5选项A.A fat female who studies hardB.a fat male who does not studyC.A thin female who does not studyD.A thin male who studies hard【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:D第4题:A第5题:C【解析】1.文章第一段第二句 The usual p

37、roblem is how to dispose of it提到关于热量的问题是如何处理它，选项C符合题意。2.文章第一段They have designed a collection system which utilizes not only body heat, but the heat given off by such objects as light bulbs and refrigerators as well提到热量主要来源于人体热量，和像电灯泡、冰箱这类物体，选项B符合题意。3.文章第一段the system works so well that no conventiona

38、l fuel is needed to make the campuss six buildings comfortable 提到学校的六栋建筑物，选项D符合题意。4.题干中conventional的意思是“常见的”；所以选项A符合题意。5.文章最后一句话It is tempting to conclude that the hottest prospect for the Johunstown campus would be a hard-working, overweight male genius 提到根据推测可得知一个超重的、勤奋的男性产生的热量是最多的。因此可以推测一个瘦小的、不勤奋

39、的女性产生的热量是最少的。选项C符合题意。12.单选题Auction (拍卖)are public sales of goods, conducted by an officially approved auctioneer. He asked the crowd to gather in the auction room to bid for various items on sale. He encourages buyers to bid highest figures and finally names the highest bidder as the buyer of the go

40、ods. This is called “knocking down” the goods for the bidding ends when the auctioneer bangs a small hammer on a raised platform.The ancient Romans probably invented sales by auction and the English word comes from the Latin “antic”, meaning “increase”. The Romans usually sold in this way the spoils

41、 taken in war, these miles were called “sub hanta”, meaning “under the spear, a spear being stuck in the ground as a signal for a carved to gather. In England in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries goods were often sold “by the candle, a shoe candle was lit by the auctioneer and bids could be ma

42、de while it was burning.Practically all goods can be sold by auction. Among these are coffee, skins, wool, tea, cobra, fir, mat, vegetables and wines. Auction sales are also usual for land and property, antique furniture, pictures, old books, old china and works of art. The auction rooms at Christie

43、s and Sothebys in London and New York are world famous. An auction is usually advertised beforehand with full particulars of the articles to be told and where and when they can be viewed by the buyers. If the advertisement cannot gives full details, catalogues are printed, and each group of goods to

44、 be sold together, called drafter, as generally as. The auctioneer need not begin with lot one and continue the numerical order, he safely wait until he the fact that certain buyers are in the room and then produce the lots they are likely to be interesting in. The auctioneers services are paid for

45、in the form of a percentage of the price the goods are sold for. The auctioneer therefore has a direct interest in pushing up the bidding.1.Auctioned goods are sold（ ） .2.The end of bidding is called “knocking down” because （ ）.3.In the sentence “The Romans usually sold in this way the spoils taken

46、in war,59 the word “spoils” most probably means （ ）.4.In England a candle used to burn at auction sales（ ） .5. An auction catalogue gives buyers （ ）.问题1选项A.for the highest price offeredB.at fixed pricesC.at prices lower than their true valueD.at prices offered by the auctioneer问题2选项A.the auctioneer

47、knocks on the tableB.the auctioneer names the highest bidder as the buyer of the goodsC.the goods are knocked down onto the tableD.the auctioneer bangs the table with a hammer问题3选项A.useless goodsB.spearsC.various kinds of foodD.property taken from the enemy问题4选项A.because the auction sales took place

48、 at nightB.as a signal for the crowd to gatherC.to keep the auction room warmD.to limit time when offers of prices could be made问题5选项A.the current market values of the goodsB.details of the goods to be soldC.tile order in which goods are to be soldD.free admission to the auction sale【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3

49、题:D第4题:D第5题:B【解析】1.文章第一段第二句提到出价最高的人成为商品的买家（He encourages buyers to bid highest figures and finally names the highest bidder as the buyer of the goods），所以选项A符合题意。2.文章第一段最后一句话提到当拍卖商在一块高出来的台面上敲击小锤时，竞价也就结束了（This is called “knocking down” the goods for the bidding ends when the auctioneer bangs a small h

50、ammer on a raised platform），选项D符合题意。3.题干中的单词spoil有“战利品”的意思，除此之外，从 “从战争中得到的” taken from war可以推测这个词的意思是“战利品”。选项D符合题意。4.文章第二段指出，18世纪、19世纪的英国，拍卖时会点燃一根短蜡烛，而“当蜡烛在燃烧时，人们可以竞价”（ In England in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries goods were often sold “by the candle, a shoe candle was lit by the auctioneer

51、 and bids could be made while it was burning），由此可知，蜡烛被用来记拍卖的时间。选项D符合题意。5.文章提到如果广告没有列出所有细节，拍卖者就会印发商品目录（If the advertisement cannot gives full details, catalogues are printed）。选项B符合题意。13.单选题The police arrested the wrong man mainly because they （ ） the names they had been given by the witness.问题1选项A.pe

52、rplexedB.bewilderedC.confusedD.puzzled【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。选项A、B、D的宾语都是人，所以均不符合题意。confuse the names “把名字弄混”。选项C符合题意。14.单选题Some people think that a（ ） translation, or word-for-word translation, is easier than afree translation.问题1选项A.literalB.literaryC.liberalD.linear【答案】A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。literal “照原文的，逐字的

53、”；literary “文学的”；liberal “自由的”；linear “直线的”。句意：一些人认为直译或者逐字的翻译要比意译简单。选项A符合题意。15.单选题Movie directors use music to（ ） the action on the screen.问题1选项A.contaminateB.complimentC.contemplateD.complement【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。contaminate “污染”；compliment “恭维”；contemplate “沉思，注视”； complement “补充”。句意：电影导演用音乐来补充荧幕上的动

54、作。选项D符合题意。16.单选题Mary once（ ） with another musician to compose a piece of pop music.问题1选项A.mergedB.collaboratedC.coincidedD.constituted【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。merge “混合”；collaborate “合作”；coincide “一致”；constitute “组成，构成”。句意：玛丽曾经与另外一位音乐家合作写了一首流行曲。选项B符合题意。17.单选题We （ ）Edisons success to his intelligence and ha

55、rd work.问题1选项A.subjectB.attributeC.oweD.refer【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。subject to “使服从”；attribute to “把归因于”；owe to “归功于”；refer to “参考，涉及”。句意：我们把爱迪生的成功归因于他的聪明和努力。选项B符合题意。18.单选题She is a very （ ）student. Shes always talking about traveling to outer space.问题1选项A.imaginaryB.imaginativeC.imaginableD.imagining【答案】

56、B【解析】考察形似形容词词义辨析。imaginary “虚构的，假想的”；imaginative “富于想象的，有创造力的”；imaginable “可能的，可想象的”；imagining 是 image的动名词形式。句意：她是一个富有想象力的学生。她总是谈论关于在外太空漫游的事。选项B符合题意。19.单选题After four years in the same job his enthusiasm finally（ ） .问题1选项A.deterioratedB.dissipatedC.dispersedD.drained【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。deteriorate “恶化”

57、；dissipate “浪费”；disperse “分散”；drain“排水；耗尽”。句意：在同一份工作上干了四年，他对工作的热情慢慢耗尽了。选项D符合题意。20.单选题Wages for worker in the public（ ） of the economy dont always keep up with thosefor worker in the private one.问题1选项A.branchB.sectorC.portionD.section【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。Branch “分支”；sector “部门”；portion “部分”；section “部门”

58、。句意：公有制企业中的工人的工资并不是总能赶上私有制企业工人的工资。选项B符合题意。21.翻译题E-mail is now one the fastest ways to gain or lose potential customers because of the ability to deliver information fast to an enormous amount of people. After sending a small you are no longer in control of the effects of the message and can only wai

59、t in suspense.An employee of your company started off his/her day in a bad mood. A potential customer emails them with a trivial question and they reply with a brash （无礼的）tone. Do you think the recipient will use your company? On the Internet word travels fast. It takes me 3 minutes to send email to

60、 50-100 people. Therefore your company can lose 100 current or potential customers with the brash email sent out by your employee. This can happen in a matter of minutes. Speaking from personal experience I sent out what I considered a helpful message concerning a version the Internet. One person th