初中英语语法非谓语动词

1、初中英语语法之非谓语非谓语动词1.定义：动词除在句子中作谓语之外，还具出名词、形容词及副词的性质，在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补语等，这就是动词的非谓语动词。可分为三种：动词不定式、分词和动名词。2.动词不定式：to+动词原形(在某些状况下能够不带to)。(没有人称和数的变化，能够有自己的宾语和状语，能够有时态和语态的变化)1一般式：主动语态：todo,被动语态：tobe+动词过去分词(表示动作或状态与谓语动词的动作或状态同时发生2进行式：主动语态：tobedoing,被动语态：无(表示动作或状态与谓语动词的动作或状态同时发生)3达成式：主动语态：tohave+动词过去分词，被动语

2、态：tohavebeen+动词过去分词(表示动作或状态在谓语动作以前就发生)4用法：作主语：Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.=Itsnoteasytolearnaforeignlanguage.B.作表语：Themostimportantthingistofinishtheworkontime.C.作宾语：a.动词+todo.Hedecidedtobuyanewwatch.(agree,choose,want,hope,like,wish,learn,love,plan,try,start,afford)动词+疑问词+todoIdontknowwheretop

3、utthebike.动词+形式宾语(it)+宾补+todoIfinditimportanttolearnasecondforeignlanguage.作补语：动词+宾语+todoTomaskedmetoshowhimthenewshoes.(tell,wish,ask,want,like,beg,invite,allow,encourage)动词+宾语+不带to的动词HeoftensawTomplayfootball.(see,hear,feel,watch,notice,have,make,let)-1-作状语：表示目的：HewenttoGuangzhoutoseehissons.Hegot

4、upearlyinordertocatchthefirstbus.表示结果：Heistootiredtowalkanyfarther.Theyarentoldenoughtogotoschool.表示原由：Heissorrytohearthat.Iamgladtoseeyou.F作.定语：Ihavesomethingtotellyou.Iwanttobuysomethingtoeat.5动词不定式to的省略：A.在感官动词feel,hear,see,watch,notice及使役动词have,let,make等后边要省to，但在变被动语态时要复原不定式to。Ioftensawhimgoouto

5、ftheroom.-Hewasoftenseentogooutoftheroombyme.B.在hadbetter,wouldrather,donothingbut等后边常省to。6动词不定式的否认形式：not+todo，有时也能够用-never+todo构造。3.动名词：动词原形+ing。具出名词、动词一些特点。1一般式：主动语态：doing，被动语态：being+动词过去分词(表示动作或状态与谓语动词的动作或状态同时发生或今后发生)2达成式：主动语态：having+动词过去分词，被动语态：havingbeen+动词过去分词(表示动作或状态在谓语动词的动作或状态以前就发生)Childrene

6、njoywatchinganimatedcartoon.Idontrememberhavingeverseenthefilm.3动名词的否认形式：not+动名词(v-ing)Iregretnotbeingabletohelpyou.4用法：A.作主语：a.动名词作主语假如太长，能够用形式主语it取代。LearningEnglishisveryimportant.-ItsveryimportanttolearnEnglish.b.No+动名词表示严禁。Nosmoking,Noparking.作宾语：Hefinisheddoinghishomework.作表语：Hisfavouritesporti

7、splayingbasketball.-2-D.作定语：shoppingbasket,finishingline.(表示名词的用途、功能等)E.动名词的复合构造：名词全部格、形容词物主代词+动名词。Doyoumindmy/WeiFangsopeningthewindow?4.分词：动词原形+ing。拥有形容词、副词和动词一些特点。(可分为此刻分词、过去分词)此刻分词1一般式：主动语态：doing，被动语态：being+动词过去分词(表示动作或状态与谓语动词的动作或状态同时发生)2达成式：主动语态：having+动词过去分词，被动语态：havingbeen+动词过去分词(表示动作或状态在谓语动词

8、的动作或状态以前就发生)3动名词的否认形式：not+动名词(v-ing)Nounderstandingthemeaningofthewords,hecouldntexplainthesentence.4用法：A.作表语。Theresultissurprising.B.作定语。Developingcountry(主谓关系)sleepingboy(boy所做的动作)作状语。Passingbythehouse,hesawagirlplayingthepiano.=whenhewaspassingbythehouse,hesawagirlplayingthepiano.作宾补。Ifoundhimlyingonthegrass.过去分词1形式：规则动词+ed，和不规则动词的过去分词。2过去分词的否认形式：not+动词过去分词。3用法：A.作表语：Mybikeisbroken.Heisveryworried.B.作定语：developedcountry,fallenleaves,spokenEnglish.-3-作状语：Askedwh