2022-2023学年江苏省常州市奔牛高级中学高考压轴卷英语试卷含解析

1、2022-2023学年高考英语模拟试卷考生请注意：1答题前请将考场、试室号、座位号、考生号、姓名写在试卷密封线内，不得在试卷上作任何标记。2第一部分选择题每小题选出答案后，需将答案写在试卷指定的括号内，第二部分非选择题答案写在试卷题目指定的位置上。3考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1The educational reform is now under way throughout the country, _ the students more opportunities to develop to the

2、ir greatest potential.Ato grant Bhaving grantedCgranting Dgranted2Instead of making choices for their children, liberal parents usually say, “Go where you _ .”AwillBshouldCcanDmust3_ challenges in Chinas car-sharing economy, shared mobility still has a promising future.ADespiteBBesidesCConcerningDRe

3、garding4You look sleepy today._ not to miss the flight, I didnt dare to close my eyes the whole night.ARemindedBBeing remindedCRemindingDHaving reminded5He doesnt spend any more money on clothing than I do,but_he manages to look so stylish.AthereforeBsomehowCfurthermoreDotherwise6While his approach

4、was a complete _ from established practices, the result was satisfactory.AseparationBprohibitionCdepartureDjudgment7Did you have difficulty finding Annhouse?Not really.She_us clear directions and we were able to find it.easily?Awas to giveBhad givenCwas givingDwould give8When tension _ in a relation

5、ship between two people, a frequent way of dealing with this is to send messages through a third person.AarousesBarisesCrisesDraises9Some tourists visiting Tian anmen Square during the holiday left a _ of litter everywhere they went.AtrailBdotCchainDtrack10Even though the way Lin Daiyu expresses her

6、 feelings may be _ to a modern audience, it is rooted in her character and makes who she is.Aallergic BforeignCsensitive Dfundamental11With the development of agriculture, the people_ village I taught arenow living a happy life.Ain whoseBwhoseCin whichDwhich12Thanks to the “sugar tax”， food factorie

7、s have reduced sugar in their products, _ about 45 million kilograms of sugar.Ato save BsavedCsaving Dhaving saved13It was _ we were returning home _ I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.Awhen; beforeBwhen; thatCbefore; whereDhow; that14The car accident happened _

8、his car was out of order _ I cant drive.Anot that; but thatBnot only; but alsoCnot because; but becauseDnot because; but as15The real winners in sport are those who know how to persevere and to behave with _whether they win or lose a game.Acertainty BcautionCdignity Dindependence16Fred let _ that he

9、 was prepared to leave company when the new manager took office.Asecret BslipCpromise Dstandard17Just as the famous man _it, “Anything one man can imagine, other men can make_real.”Asays, itBput, /Csays, /Dput, them18The meal itself was not so good_ was boringly brown including vegetables.Anothing B

10、everythingCanything Dsomething19Frank studied _English language in London for four years, so he gets _ good knowledge of London.Aa; theB/ ; /C/ ; aDthe; a20_ every year, many people do not hold a high opinion of the CCTV Spring Festival Gala, it has become a somewhat necessary part of the festival.

11、AAs BTherefore CWhile DSince 第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分）Recently, online hike-sharing has become the new favorite in China. In major cities, bikes in, yellow, orange, blue, white and green, can be seen almost everywhere on the street. It seems that these bikes appeared su

12、ddenly, adding a new beautiful scenery to Chinese cities.Both the market and the public welcome online bike-sharing, but is it really a promising business? Well, it depends. After all, online bike-sharing platforms can never get away with huge operating cost and uncertain government policy.Some theo

13、rists might say that online bike-sharing platforms can earn a fortune simply through deposit. Since users will always need to rent bikes, their deposit will always be kept to online bike-sharing platforms.However, although online bike-sharing platforms may be able to use the deposit for other purpos

14、es at the primary stage, they will have to set up a special account, so that the deposit shall be used specially for its designated (指定的) purpose. As the market gets increasingly mature, they will have to do so whether to be responsible for users or in consideration of possible government regulation

15、s.Now that online hike-sharing platforms cant make profit through deposit，how can they become profitable as fiercer marketunfolds? Although Hu Weiwei, CEO of Mobike, stated in an article that she would take Mobike as charitable(慈善的) project if she failed, running a startup is absolutely different fr

16、om managing a charity organization. After all , she has to pay back investors billions of investment(投资).To make profit, online bike-sharing platforms might have to increase rent fee for each trip, just as Didi did.From this aspect, it might be a really good business. If we consider full screen ads

17、fee, recommendation fee for business owners, etc. , its annual income might reach at least RMB 15 billion. If we consider the huge operation cost, including bike repairs，bikes service life and labor cost, there might not be much net profit left. After all, offline operation cost has always been an u

18、nbearable burden for such internet plus mode-based startups.1、How does the author feel about the future of online bike-sharing platforms?AOptimistic. BDoubtful.CHopeful. DSecure.2、How do some theorists think online bike-sharing platforms can make money?AThrough advertisements. BThrough services.CThr

19、ough deposit. DThrough investment.3、How should deposit be dealt with when the market is mature according to the author?AUsed for other purposes.BKept in a special account.CUsed for charity.DLeft aside to the users.4、What does the underlined word unfolds mean in the passage?AShrinks. BSpreads.CShows.

20、 DDevelops.22（8分）We all know what it is like to be unable to turn your head because of a cold in the muscles (肌肉) of your neck, or because an unexpected twist (扭曲) has made your neck ache. The slightest move makes you jump with pain. Nothing could be worse than a pain in the neck.That is why we use

21、the phrase to describe some people who give you the same feeling. We have all met such people.One is the man who always seems to be clapping his handsoften at the wrong timeduring a performance in the theater. He keeps you from hearing the actors.Even worse are those who can never arrive before the

22、curtain goes up and the play begins. They come hurrying down to your row of seats. You are comfortably settled down, with your hat and heavy coat in your lap. You must stand up to let them pass. You are proud of yourself-control after they have settled into their seats.Well, what now . God, one of t

23、hem is up again. He forgot to go to the men s room, and once more you have to stand up, hanging on to your hat and coat to let him pass. Now, that is a pain in the neck.Another, well-known to us all, is the person sitting behind you in the movies. His mouth is full of popcorn (爆米花); he is chewing (嚼

24、) loudly, or talking between bites to friends next to him. None of them remain still. Up and down, back and forth, they go for another bag of popcorn, or something to drink.Then, there is the man sitting next to you at lunch, smoking. He wants you to enjoy it too, and blows smoke across your food in

25、to your mouth.We must not forget the man who comes into a bus or subway and sits down next to you, just as close as you will let him. You are reading the newspaper and he gets closer so that he can read the paper with you. He may even turn the paper to the next page before you are ready for it.We al

26、so call such a person a rubber neck, always getting close to where it does not belong, like neighbors who watch all your visitors. They enjoy learning about your personal business. People have a strong dislike for rubber necks. They hate being watched secretly.1、According to the passage, how do you

27、feel when late comers walk back and forth in front of you in a cinema?ADisturbed. BBored.CIgnored. DRelaxed.2、A rubber neck often .Asays bad words behind peopleBquarrels face to face with neighborsCbargains with salespeople over the priceDasks about other peoples business3、Which of the following per

28、sons CANNOT be described as a pain in the neck?ASomeone who often claps at the wrong time during a performance.BSomeone who feels ache in his neck due to a cold in the muscles.CSomeone who sits next to you smoking, which you never enjoy.DSomeone who keeps eating or talking all through the movies.4、W

29、hat is the main purpose of the author?ATo tell people what might be bad manners in public.BTo criticize (批评) the people who might be a pain in the neck.CTo show anger to those who are described as a pain in the neck.DTo tell people how to stop the pain in the neck.23（8分）Id have to say that the schem

30、es to reduce staff absence and increase punctuality(准时) have been a big success. Weve seen that staff attendance levels have increased from 88% to 93%, and levels of punctuality have increased from 79% to 91%, which is fantastic. And the number of days that staff have taken off for sickness has drop

31、ped from an average of nine days per year to just five. There has also been a general increase in motivation at work, and weve seen output increase by at least 16% since this time last year.So, what have we been doing to improve things? Well, for a start, weve been introducing a scheme so that emplo

32、yees get bonuses if company production targets and sales figures are met. And if things carry on as they are, all employees will have received a bonus by the end of next month. Weve also introduced a system whereby employees and management set personal targets. Then, the individual employee receives

33、 a bonus if these targets are met. And to help with punctuality, weve installed a new system that records exactly what time people are getting in and leaving the office. This has helped improve punctuality rates substantially.Another initiative has been the installation of a games room for employees

34、 to use during mid-morning and lunch breaks. Weve found that its a great way to motivate staff, giving them time to relax. As part of this, weve bought a ping pong table, a basketball hoop and a darts board. And by next week, the two table-football tables that we ordered last month will have arrived

35、. Since opening the games room, staff have been using it constantly, especially the beds that we bought to allow staff to have a short nap during the day. Along similar lines, weve also organized a number of teambuilding excursions.1、Why does the author list some figures in Paragraph One?ATo prove t

36、he plans work wellBTo show employees to be more punctualCTo present the production grows obviouslyDTo prove the increase of workers attendance2、What have they done to help with punctuality?ATheyve set personal targetsBTheyve weakened demands on employeesCTheyve introduced a scheme to give employees

37、bonusesDTheyve recorded workers coming and leaving by a new system3、What has been most popular in the games room?AA ping pong table BA darts boardCA basketball hoop DA nap bed4、As readers, who may benefit most from this article?AStudents BManagersCTeachers DFarmers24（8分） You know those nutrition gui

38、delines the government issues every few years? It turns out that following them isnt just good for your health. Its good for the planet, too.“What we found is that impacts vary across nations, but in the highimpact nations, in general, you can see that, if you follow a nationally recommended diet, d

39、espite the fact that these diets dont mention explicitlyor most of them dont explicitly mentionenvironmental impacts, that you are going to have lower environmental impacts due to that. So thats sort of fairly clear across all the highincome nations.” said Paul Behrens, an environmental scientist at

40、 Leiden University in the Netherlands.The food we eat takes a big toll on the environment. A third of the icefree land on Earth is used for agriculture, and according to some estimates, producing food accounts for roughly a fifth of all humancaused greenhouse gas emissions. Fertilizer runoff also le

41、ads to other problems, like the algae blooms in Lake Eerie and the Dead Zone in the Gulf of Mexico.However, following dietary guidelines would reduce those impacts, especially in wealthy countries like the US. “Most of the reductions come from meat and dairy，” which have an outsized impact on land u

42、se and pollution, and are a major source of greenhouse gases.(Thats partly due to cow farts. Seriously.) Following the suggestions would also mean eating fewer calories, since many people here eat more than they need.Overall, in highincome countries, Behrens team estimates that following the rules c

43、ould result in as much as a 17 percent reduction in land use, a 21 percent reduction in nutrient pollution, and a 25 percent drop in agricultural greenhouse gas emissions. Cutting down on how much food we wastewhich is roughly a third in the UScould help even more. The results are in the Proceedings

44、 of the National Academy of Sciences.Of course, people are notoriously bad at following diets. But: “These nationally recommended guidelines do actually have a knockon effect on other areas of policy making. So if Im developing a new healthyeatingforschools program then thats going to be based off a

45、 lot of detail that I get from the nationally recommended guidelines. So while it might not necessarily be the case that people follow directly they actually are quite influential on the preparation of other advice.”It seems that a smaller environmental footprint and a healthier lifestyle could go h

46、and in hand.1、Which of the following statement will Paul Behrens approve of?AFollowing a nationally recommended diet can have similar impacts in different countries.BFollowing a nationally recommended diet can do good to our health.CNot all the countries have recommended diets in an explicit manner.

47、DSome highincome nations dont mention the diet explicitly for its impacts can be ignored.2、What do the underlined words “takes a big toll on” in paragraph 3 probably mean?Ashows signs ofBhas a bad effect onCtakes full advantage ofDmakes up for3、Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage

48、?AFood production can lead to about 20 percent of humancaused greenhouse gas with only a third of the icefree land used.BIt is estimated that following dietary guidelines can lead to decrease in more land use than in nutrient pollution.CPaul Behrens new program concerning healthy eating for schools

49、is likely to be based on national nutrition guidelines.DSome wealthy countries tend to reduce meat and dairy though the other areas of policy making isnt effected much.25（10分）When somebody gets sick or is hurt in an accident, there are several different ways that doctors can try to help them. One of

50、 these is to give medicine that fights the sickness or helps the sick persons body to fight it. However, if some parts of a body are very sick or damaged, then doctors might need to remove them. Another way doctors can help is to grow new tissue to replace what is sick or damaged. This is called reg

51、enerative medicine (再生医学). Regenerative medicine sounds like something from a science fiction movie but it is not a new idea. Inside our bones, we have something called marrow, which makes our blood and keeps us healthy. Doctors have been giving sick people the bone marrow from other healthy people

52、for the last 30 or 40 years, and this is a kind of regenerative medicine.Newer developments in regenerative medicine include growing new skin in a laboratory and using it to help people who have been hurt in fires or accidents. Another example of regenerative medicine is a technique developed from s

53、tudying frogs and mice. When cells are old, like in adults, they cant change what they do in our bodies. For example, a skin cell cant change into an eye cell. But when cells are very young, they can become any cell type. These young cells are called stem cells, and doctors can use them to grow any

54、type of tissue, such as skin, heart or eye. John Gurdon and Shinya Yamanaka won the 2012 Nobel Prize for their studies in this area.Professor Fiona Watt, from the Centre for Regenerative Medicine at Kings College London, believes that regenerative medicine is so exciting because many different kinds

55、 of experts need to work together. New bones may be printed by expert 3D printers, who need to work closely with university scientists and the surgeons who do the operations in hospitals.We cannot yet grow new arms or legs for people, but the science fiction dream of regenerative medicine may be clo

56、ser than we think. Perhaps in the future, doctors will be able to grow whole new bodies for us.1、Why is marrow in bones very important in regenerative medicine?AIt can grow into new skin for those who have been hurt in fires.BIt can be used to grow new tissue.CIt makes blood for our body.DIt has bee

57、n used for 40 years.2、Which of the following is right according to this passage?ARegenerative medicine is a new science in medicine.BFiona Watt and Shinya Yamanaka won the 2012 Nobel Prize for medicine.CStem cells, very young cells, can be used to grow any type of tissue.DDoctors and scientists now

58、cooperate to grow new skin for frogs and mice.3、Whats the writers attitude to the development in regenerative medicine?APessimistic. BOptimistic.CDoubtful. DSubjective.第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项26（30分）A few years ago, Adina Lichtman was handing out

59、sandwiches on the streets of New York City to help people experiencing homelessness. One man, 1 for the sandwich, approached her and 2 some surprising insight（见识）.“Its great that youre 3 sandwiches,” he said, “but one thing we really 4 is socks, especially as winter approaches.”“Here I was, sandwich

60、es in 5 , assuming I knew the best way to help people, when in reality, helping is about 6 , and hearing the needs of different communities,” Lichtman said. “It was a powerful 7 , and I wanted to put it into 8 .”She began that night, with a 9 step: going door-to-door on the floor of her 10 at New Yo