2022年考研考博-考博英语-西南交通大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号9

住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-西南交通大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题

（）thesequestionsmaysoundacademic,answerstothemcouldhaveprofoundeconomicandpoliticalsignificance.

问题1选项

A.Since

B.While

C.Unless

D.Lest

【答案】B

【解析】考查连词辨析。A选项since“自……以来；因为”；B选项while“虽然，然而，当……的时候”；C选项unless“除非；若非”；D选项lest“唯恐，以免”。句意：虽然这些问题听起来是学术的，但是它们的答案可能有深远的经济和政治意义。前后句子存在转折关系，因此B项正确。

2.单选题

Youradvicewouldbe（）valuabletohim,whoisnowatalossastowhattodofirst.

问题1选项

A.exceedingly

B.excessively

C.extensively

D.exclusively

【答案】A

【解析】句意:你的建议对他非常有价值，因为他现在不知道该先做什么。

考查副词辨析。exceedingly极其，非常，特别；excessively过分地，极度；extensively广―阔地，广大地：exclusively唯一地，独占地。后面从句说到:因为他现在不知道该先做什么，因此前面应该在说“你的建议对他非常有价值”。

3.单选题

Althoughthetownhadbeen（）bythestormseveraltimes,littledamagewasdone.

问题1选项

A.attacked

B.injured

C.banned

D.struck

【答案】A

【解析】句意:尽管这个城镇几次遭到暴风雨的袭击，但几乎没有造成什么损失。

考查动词辨析。attack攻击，抨击，动手干；injure伤害，损害:harm伤害，危害，损害;struck罢工，打击。此处是动词的过去分词形式表被动，动作的发出者是thestorm(暴风雨)，故选A项。

4.单选题

Thesenationalparksareveryimportantforpreservingmanyanimals,whowould（）runtheriskofbecomingextinct.

问题1选项

A.instead

B.nevertheless

C.therefore

D.otherwise

【答案】D

【解析】考查副词辨析。A选项instead“代替；反而；相反”；B选项nevertheless“然而，不过”；C选项therefore“因此；所以”；D选项otherwise“否则；另外”。句意：这些国家公园对保护许多动物非常重要，否则这些动物将面临灭绝的危险。前后部分为转折关系，因此D项正确。

5.单选题

（）beforewedepartthedayaftertomorrow,weshouldhaveawonderfuldinnerparty.

问题1选项

A.Hadtheyarrived

B.Wouldtheyarrive

C.Weretheyarriving

D.Weretheytoarrive

【答案】D

【解析】句意:如果他们能够在我们后天出发之前赶到，我们就能晚上一起聚餐了。

语法题。考查虚拟语气。主句部分为shouldhaveawonderfuldinnerparty，因此这里为与将来事实相反的虚拟语气。故从句部分应该是Iftheyweretoarrive。从句部分可以省略if，把should/were提前，构成省略倒装。故选D。

6.单选题

InScotland,asintherestoftheUnitedKingdom,（）schoolingbeginsatage5andendsatage16.

问题1选项

A.compelling

B.forced

C.obliged

D.compulsory

【答案】D

【解析】句意:在苏格兰，和英国其他地方一样，义务教育从5岁开始，到16岁结束。

考查形容词辨析。compelling引人注目的，强制的；forced被迫的;obliged必须的；compulsory义务的。这里想表达“义务教育”，故选D。

7.单选题

Recentstoriesinthenewspapersandmagazinessuggestthatteachingandresearchcontradicteachother,thatresearchplaystooprominentapartinacademicpromotions,andthatteachingisbadlyunderemphasized.Thereisanelementoftruthinthesestatements,buttheyalsoignoredeeperandmoreimportantrelationships.

Researchexperienceisanessentialelementofhiringandpromotionataresearchuniversitybecauseitistheemphasisonresearchthatdistinguishessuchauniversityfromanartscollege.Someprofessors,however,neglectteachingforresearchandthatpresentsaproblem.

Mostresearchuniversitiesrewardoutstandingteaching,butthegreatestrecognitionisusuallygivenforachievementsinresearch.Partofthereasonisthedifficultyofjudgingteaching.Ahighlyresponsibleandtoughprofessorisusuallyappreciatedbytopstudentswhowanttobechallenged,butdislikedbythosewhoserecordsarelessimpressive.Themildprofessorgetsoverallratingsthatareusuallyhigh,butthereisasenseofdisappointmentinthepartofthebeststudents,exactlythoseforwhomthesystemshouldpresentthegreatestchallenges.Thus,auniversitytryingtopromoteprofessorsprimarilyontheteachingqualitieswouldhavetoconfrontthisconfusion.

Asmodernsciencemovesfaster,twoforcesareexertedonprofessors:oneisthetuneneededtokeeponwiththeprofession;theotheristhetimeneededtoteach.Thetrainingofnewscientistsrequiresoutstandingteachingattheresearchuniversityaswellastheartscollege.Althoughscientistsareusually“made”intheelementaryschools,scientistscanbe“lost”bypoorteachingatthecollegeandgraduateschoollevels.Thesolutionisnottoseparateteachingandresearch,buttorecognizethatthecombinationisdifficultbutvital.Thetitleofprofessorshouldbegivenonlytothosewhoprofess,anditisperhapstimeforuniversitiestoreserveitforthosewillingtobeanearnestpartofthecommunityofscholars.Professorunwillingtoteachcanbecalled“distinguishedresearchinvestigators”orsomethingelse.

Thepaceofmodernsciencemakesitincreasinglydifficulttobeagreatresearcherandagreatteacher.Yetmanyaredescribedinjustthoseterms.Thosewhosaywecanseparateteachingandresearchsimplydonotunderstandthesystembutthosewhosaytheproblemwilldisappeararenotfulfillingtheirresponsibilities.

1.Whatideadoestheauthorwanttoconveyinthefirstparagraph?

2.Inacademicpromotionsresearchuniversitiesstillattachmoreimportancetoresearchpartlybecause（）.

3.Accordingtothefourthparagraph,whichofthefollowingwilltheauthorprobablyagreewith?

4.Thetitleofprofessorshouldbegivenonlytothosewho,firstandforemost,do（）.

5.Thephrase“theproblem”(Paragraph5)refersto（）.

问题1选项

A.Itiswrongtooverestimatetheimportanceofteaching.

B.Teachingandresearcharecontradictorytoeachother.

C.Researchcanneverbeemphasizedtoomuch.

D.Therelationshipbetweenteachingandresearchshouldnotbesimplified.

问题2选项

A.researchimprovesthequalityofteaching

B.studentswhowanttobechallengedappreciateresearchprofessors

C.itisdifficulttoevaluateteachingqualityobjectively

D.professorwithachievementsinresearchareusuallyresponsibleandtough

问题3选项

A.Distinguishedprofessorsatresearchuniversitiesshouldconcentrateonresearchonly.

B.Theseparationofteachingfromresearchcanlowerthequalityoffuturescientists.

C.Itisofutmostimportancetoimproveteachinginelementaryschoolsinordertotrainnewscientists.

D.Therapiddevelopmentsofmodernsciencemakeitimpossibletocombineteachingwithresearch.

问题4选项

A.teaching

B.fieldwork

C.scientificresearch

D.investigation

问题5选项

A.raisingthestatusofteaching

B.thecombinationofteachingwithresearch

C.theseparationsofteachingformresearch

D.improvingthestatusofresearch

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:主旨大意题。A:高估教学的重要性是错误的。B:教学和研究互相抵触。C:不应该过于强调研究的重要性。D:不应该简化教学和研究之间的关系。第一段讲述二者之间的关系更为复杂和重要，而并没有讨论二者孰轻孰重。因此A跟C项错误。第一句指出:Recentstoriesinthenewspapersandmagazinessuggestthatteachingandresearchcontradicteachother,thatresearchplaystooprominentapartinacademicpromotions,andthatteachingisbadlyunderemphasized(最近报纸和杂志上的报道表明，教学和研究是相互矛盾的，研究在学术提升中的作用过于突出，教学被严重低估)。因此B项不正确。最后一句指出:Thereisanelementoftruthinthesestatements,buttheyalsoignoredeeperandmoreimportantrelationships(这些话都有一定道理，但它们却也忽视了教学与研究二者间更深层、更重要的联系)。由此可知D项正确。

第2题:判断推理题。A:研究能提高教学质量。B:乐于挑战的学生欣赏研究型的教授。C:很难客观地评定教学质量。D:在研究方面有成就的教授通常是有责任心的和吃苦耐劳的。根据题干关键词Inacademicpromotions定位至第三段。文章确实认为，教学和研宂是互相促进的，但并不是在学术提升方面，研究型大学仍然重视研究的原因。因此A项错误。第三句指出:Ahighlyresponsibleandtoughprofessorisusuallyappreciatedbytopstudentswhowanttobechallenged,butdislikedbythosewhoserecordsarelessimpressive(一个有高度责任感且严厉的教授通常会受到那些想要挑战的优秀学生的赞赏，但是那些成绩不那么令人印象深刻的学生却不喜欢他)，由此可知B项以及D项都不是重视研究的原因。第一句以及第二句指出:Mostresearchuniversitiesrewardoutstandingteaching,butthegreatestrecognitionisfussilygivenforachievementsinresearch.Partofthereasonisthedifficultyofjudgingteaching(大多数研究型大学奖励优秀的教学，但最高的荣誉一般都给予那些研究上有突出成就的教授了。部分原因在于对教学评定的困难)。由此可知C项正确。

第3题:判断推理题。A:研究型大学里著名的教授应该只专注于研究，此选项过于片面。B:将教学与研究分离会降低未来科学家的质量。第四段第二、三句指出:Thetrainingofnewscientistsrequiresoutstandingteachingattheresearchuniversityaswellastheartscollege.Althoughscientistsareusually“made”intheelementaryschools,scientistscanbe“lost”bypoorteachingatthecollegeandgraduateschoollevels(培养新科学家需要在研究型大学和艺术学院有出色的教学。虽然科学家通常是在小学里“造”出来的，但在大学和研究生院的水平上，糟糕的教学可能会让科学家流失)，因此B项正确。C:为了培养新科学家，提高小学的教学至关重要。此选项过度推断了第三句。D:现代科技的快速发展使得教学和研究不可能结合。第四句指出:Thesolutionisnottoseparateteachingandresearch,buttorecognizethatthecombinationisdifficultbutvital(解决的办法不是把教学和研究分开，而是认识到两者的结合是困难而重要的)。由此可知D项错误。

第4题:细节事实题。根据题干关键词Thetitleofprofessor可定位至第四段:Thetitleofprofessorshouldbegivenonlytothosewhoprofess,anditisperhapstimeforuniversitiestoreserveitforthosewillingtobeanearnestpartofthecommunityofscholars.Professorunwillingtoteachcanbecalled“distinguishedresearchinvestigators’，orsomethingelse(教授的头衔应该只授予那些从事教授工作的人，也许现在是大学为那些愿意成为学者群体中认真一员的人保留这个头衔的时候了。不愿意教书的教授可以被称为“杰出的研究人员”，或者别的称呼)。由此可知A项“教学”正确。

第5题:词义题。第五段最后一句指出:Thosewhosaywecanseparateteachingandresearchsimplydonotunderstandthesystembutthosewhosaytheproblemwilldisappeararenotfulfillingtheirresponsibilities(那些说我们可以把教学和研究分开的人根本不了解这个体系，但是那些说这个问题会消失的人并没有履行他们的职责)。由此可知，theproblem是指“将教学与研究分离”。

8.单选题

Ifwe（）ourrelationswiththatcountry,we’llhavetofindanothersupplierofrawmaterials.

问题1选项

A.diffuse

B.diminish

C.terminate

D.preclude

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项diffuse“扩散；传播；漫射”；B选项diminish“减少，缩小”；C选项terminate“使终止；使结束；解雇”；D选项preclude“排除；妨碍；阻止”。句意：如果我们终止与那个国家的关系，我们就得另找一个原材料供应者。根据后半句句意可知C正确。

9.单选题

CantheInternethelppatientsjumpthelineatthedoctor'soffice?TheSiliconValleyEmployersForum,asophisticatedgroupoftechnologycompanies,islaunchingapilotprogramtotestonline"virtualvisits"betweendoctorsatthreebiglocalmedicalgroupsandabout6,000employeesandtheirfamilies.ThesixemployerstakingpartintheSiliconValleyinitiative,includingheavyhitterssuchasOracleandCiscoSystems,hopethatonlinevisitswillmeanemployeeswon'thavetoskipworktoattendtominorailmentsortofollowuponchronicconditions."Withourlongcommutesandtraffic,driving40milestoyourdoctorinyourhometowncanbeabigchunkoftime,"saysCindyConway,benefitsdirectoratCadenceDesignSystems,oneoftheparticipatingcompanies.

Doctorsaren'tclamoringtochatwithpatientsonlineforfree;thoughtheyspendsomeunpaidtimeonthephone.Only1in5haseverE-mailedapatient,andjust9percentareinterestedindoingso,accordingtotheresearchfirmCyberDialogue.“Wearenotstupid,"saysStiflingSomers,executivedirectoroftheSiliconValleyemployersgroup."Doctorsgettingpaidisacriticalpieceingettingthistowork."Inthepilotprogram,physicianswillget$20peronlineconsultation,aboutwhattheygetforasimpleofficevisit.

Doctorsalsofearthey'llbeswampedbyramblingE-mailsthattelleverythingbutwhat'sneededtomakeadiagnosis.SothenewprogramwillusetechnologysuppliedbyHealinx,anAlameda,Calif.-basedstart-up.Healinx's"SmartSymptomWizard"questionspatientsandturnsanswersintoasuccinctmessage.Thecompanyhasonlinedialoguesfor60commonconditions.Thedoctorcanthendiagnosetheproblemandoutlineatreatmentplan,whichcouldincludeE-mailingaprescriptionoraface-to-facevisit.

CanE-mailreplacethedoctor'soffice?Manyconditions,suchaspersistentcough,requirestethoscopetodiscoverwhat'swrongandtoavoidamalpracticesuit.EvenLarryBonham,headofoneofthedoctor'sgroupsinthepilot,believesthevirtualdoctor'svisitsoffera“verynarrow"sliverofservicebetweenphonecallstoanadvicenurseandavisittotheclinic.

Thepilotprogram,settoendinninemonths,alsohopestodeterminewhetheronlinevisitswillboostworkerproductivityenoughtooffsetthecostoftheservice.Sofar,theInternet'srecordinthehealthfieldhasbeenunderwhelming.Theexperimentis"ahugerollofthediceforHealing",notesMichaelBarrett,ananalystatInternetconsultingfirmForesterResearch.Ifthe"Webvisits"succeed,someHMOs(HealthMaintenanceOrganizations)areexpectedtopayforonlinevisits.Ifdoctors,employers,andpatientsaren'tsatisfied,figureononemoreE-healthstart-uptostanddown.

1.TheSiliconValleyemployerspromotetheE-healthprogramforthepurposeof（）.

2.Whatcanbelearnedabouttheon-linedoctors'visits?

3.Accordingtothesecondparagraph,doctorsare（）.

4."SmartSymptomWizard"iscapableof（）.

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthefutureofonlinevisitswillmostlydependonwhether（）.

问题1选项

A.rewardingtheiremployees

B.gratifyingthelocalhospitals

C.boostingworkerproductivity

D.testingasophisticatedtechnology

问题2选项

A.Theyareaquitepromisingbusiness.

B.Theyarefundedbythelocalgovernment.

C.Theyarewelcomedbyallthepatients.

D.Theyareverymuchunderexperimentation.

问题3选项

A.reluctanttoserveonlinefornothing

B.notinterestedinWebconsultation

C.tootiredtotalktothepatientonline

D.contentwith$20paidperWebvisit

问题4选项

A.makingdiagnoses

B.producingprescriptions

C.profilingpatients'illness

D.offeringatreatmentplan

问题5选项

A.theemployerswouldremainconfidentinthem

B.theycouldeffectivelyreplaceofficevisits

C.HMOswouldcoverthecostoftheservice

D.newtechnologieswouldbeavailabletoimprovetheE-healthproject

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:判断推理题。最后一段指出了目的:Thepilotprogram,settoendinninemonths,alsohopestodeterminewhetheronlinevisitswillboostworkerproductivityenoughtooffsetthecostoftheservice(为期九个月的这次的试点项目，也希望去确定网上问诊是否将提高员工的生产率足够到抵消服务成本)。因此C项“提高工作效率”正确。

第2题:判断推理题。第一段第二句指出:TheSiliconValleyEmployersForum,asophisticatedgroupoftechnologycompanies,islaunchingapilotprogramtotestonline“virtualvisits”(作为资深技术团队的硅谷雇主论坛推出了一个试点项目来测试虚拟访问（即网上问诊）)。由此可知D选项“它们还在实验当中”正确。

第3题:细节事实题。A:医生不愿意在网上免费服务。B:对网上咨询不感兴趣。C:太累而不能与病人在网上聊天。D:对一次网上问诊20美元的价格满意。第二段第一句及第二句指出:Doctorsaren’tclamoringtochatwithpatientsonlineforfree;thoughtheyspendsomeunpaidtimeonthephone.Only1in5haseverE-mailedapatient,andjust9percentareinterestedindoingso,accordingtotheresearchfirmCyberDialogue(医生们并没有叫嚷着要免费和病人在线聊天，尽管他们在电话上花了一些无偿的时间。据研究公司网络对话（CyberDialogue）称，只有五分之一的人曾给病人发过电子邮件，只有9%的人对此感兴趣)。由此可知，A项正确，B项不正确。C项跟D项并未被文章提及，故排除。

第4题:细节事实题。第三段指出:Healinx’s“SmartSymptomWizard”questionspatientsandturnsanswersintoasuccinctmessage(Healinx的“智能症状向导”向患者提问，并将答案转化为简洁的信息)。因此C选项“扼要描述病人的病情”正确。而其余三项均是医生的工作。因此本题选C。

第5题:判断推理题。A:雇主将仍对它们有信心。B:它们能有效替代医院问诊。C:健康维护组织会承担服务费用。D:改善网络健康工程的新技术将存在。最后一段指出:Ifthe“Webvisits”succeed,someHMOs（HealthMaintenanceOrganizations）areexpectedtopayforonlinevisits.Ifdoctors,employers,andpatientsaren'tsatisfied,figureononemoreE-healthstart-uptostanddown(如果“网上问诊”成功，一些健康维护组织（HMO）将为在线访问付费。如果医生、雇主和病人都不满意，那就再找一家电子健康初创公司)。由此可知D项正确，A项过于片面。而B项属于过度推理，C项只是结果，并不是条件。因此本题选D。

10.单选题

NobodycametoseemewhileIwasout,（）?

问题1选项

A.didthey

B.didn’tthey

C.didshe

D.didn'tshe

【答案】C

【解析】考查反义疑问句。由题干可知Nobody为表示否定意义的不定代词，当陈述句的主语是表示否定意义的不定代词（如none,nobody,nothing等）时，反义疑问句的疑问词要用肯定语气did并且用第三人称单数，由此可知C选项正确。句意：当我出去的时候，没有人来看过我，对吗？

11.单选题

Theconference（）afullweekbythetimeitends.

问题1选项

A.musthavelasted

B.willhavelasted

C.wouldlast

D.haslasted

【答案】B

【解析】考查时态。根据题干以及选项可知本题考查时态的用法，又根据bythetimeitends：到会议结束的时候，以及句意可知本题应该使用将来完成时态，因此选项B为正确选项。句意：到会议结束时将已经持续整整一周了。

12.单选题

Inthe（）oftheprojectnotbeingasuccess,theinvestorsstandtoloseupto$30million.

问题1选项

A.face

B.time

C.course

D.event

【答案】D

【解析】句意:如果项目不成功，投资者损失将高达3000万美元。

考查短语辨析。inthefaceof面对;inthetimeof在时期；inthecourseof在……期间；在……过程中；intheeventof万一；如果。根据后面句意“投资者损失将高达3000万美元”可知D项正确。

13.单选题

Whenpeopleareaskedwhatkindofhousingtheyneedorwant,thequestion（）avarietyofanswers.

问题1选项

A.defies

B.magnifies

C.mediates

D.evokes

【答案】D

【解析】句意:当人们被问及他们需要或想要什么样的住房时，这个问题引起了各种各样的回答

考查动词辨析。选项均为对应动词的三单形式。defy藐视；公然反抗；挑衅；magnify放大：赞美；夸大;mediate调停；evoke引起；唤起。该动词的宾语是avarietyofanswers(各种各样的回答)，由此可知D项符合句意。

14.单选题

AclassactionlawsuithasbeenfiledagainstaprominentTorontodoctorbypatientswhoallegeheinjectedabannedsubstanceintotheirfacesforcosmeticpurposes.Thedoctorhadalreadybeeninvestigatedformorethanthreeyearsforusingtheliquidsilicone,aproductnotauthorizedforuseinCanada.

Somepatientssaytheyarenowsufferinghealthproblemsandthinktheliquidsiliconemaybetoblame.OneofthosepatientsisAnnaBarbiero.ShesaysherTorontodermatologisttoldherhewasusingliquidsiliconetosmoothoutwrinkles.Whatshesayshedidn’ttellheristhatitisn'tapprovedforuseinCanada.“Ididn'tknowwhatliquidsiliconewasandhejustcalleditliquidgold,Barbieroremembers.Afterherlasttreatment,AnnadiscoveredDr.SheldonPollackhadbeenorderedtostopusingthesiliconetwoyearsearlierbyHealthCanada.Expertssaysiliconecanmigratethroughthebody,andcauseinflammationanddeformities.

“Myupperlipisalwaysnumbanditburns”，Barbierosays.Barbieroisspearheading（带头）alawsuitagainstthedoctor,whoherlawyerthinksmightinvolveupto100patientsinjectedwiththesamematerial.“Thefact,aphysicianofhisstaturewoulduseanunauthorizedproductonapatientbecausehethoughtitwasokay,isreallyverydisturbing.”sayslawyerDouglasElliott.

Ontario’sCollegeofPhysiciansandSurgeonsisalsoinvestigatingDr.Pollacktoseeif,infact,hecontinuedtousethesiliconeafteragreeingtostopandwhetherhewroteinpatientrecordsthatheusedanotherlegalproductwhenheusedsilicone.However,inalettertotheCollege,Dr.PollackwrotethathehadalwaystoldpatientsthatthesiliconewasnotapprovedforsaleinCanada,andhadwarnedthemoftherisks.AndinBarviero’scase,“atthetimeofherfirstvisit,priortohereverreceivingIGLStreatment,IspecificallyinformedherthatthematerialwasnotapprovedforsaleinCanadabytheHealthProtectionBranchandthatIdidreceivethematerialfromoutsidethecountryIwouldliketoemphasizethat,asisevidentonMs.Barbiero’schart,IdrewaspecificdiagramonthechartwhichIcarefullydiscussedwithandexplainedtoMs.BarbieroasIdidwitheveryotherpatienttoexplainthenatureandlikelihoodofcomplicationsandthereasonsandconsequencesofthosepossiblecomplications.”

Dr.PollackdeclinetospeaktoCTVNews,ortohavehislawyerdiscussthecase.Noneoftheallegationshavebeenprovenincourt.Butthecauseraisesquestionsabouttheabilityofgoverningbodiestomonitordoctors.“There’salargemessageandthatis:buyerbeware,”saysNancyNeilsenofCosmeticSurgeryCanada,It'sincumbent（负有义务的）onconsumerstodotheirresearch.”

1.DoctorSheldonPollackwaschargedthat（）.

2.Whatdoestheword"dermatoIogist"(Line2.Para2)mean?

3.TheinvestigationofOntario'sCollegeofPhysiciansandSurgeonsistofind（）.

4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

5.Fromtheendingpartofthepassage,wecanconcludethat（）.

问题1选项

A.hehadprescribedwrongmedicineforpatientsbymistake

B.hehadtreatedhispatientswithsomethingillegal,causingbadresult

C.hehadpretendedtobeaprominentsurgeon

D.hehadsoldanunauthorizedproductinlargeamount

问题2选项

A.Apersonwhoseworkisfilling,cleaningandtakingoutteeth

B.Apersonwhoseworkisstudyingmentaldiseases

C.Apersonwhoseworkishealingeyediseases

D.Apersonwhoseworkiscuringskindiseases

问题3选项

A.whetherhestillhasillegaltreatmentonhispatients

B.howmanypatientshavebeenabused

C.ifhetoldhispatientsabouttherisk

D.howmuchmoneyhegotfromhisillegaltreatment

问题4选项

A.Barbierotookthetreatmentafterbeingtoldtherisk

B.Dr.SheldonPollackstartedhisworkwiththepatients'agreementacceptthepotential

C.Afamousdoctorshouldbeauthorizedtousesomething,hethinksokayonpatients

D.Barbieroissufferingalot

问题5选项

A.Barbierowillwinthelawsuit

B.Dr.SheldonPollackwillwinthelawsuit

C.thecaseshavebeendismissed

D.governingbodiestomonitordoctorwillbecharged

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。第一段指出：AclassactionlawsuithasbeenfiledagainstaprominentTorontodoctorbypatientswhoallegeheinjectedabannedsubstanceintotheirfacesforcosmeticpurposes（日前，多伦多一名著名医生被患者提起集体诉讼，指控他为美容目的向脸部注射违禁药物）。第二段指出：Somepatientssaytheyarenowsufferinghealthproblemsandthinktheliquidsiliconemaybetoblame（一些病人说他们现在正遭受健康问题，并认为液体硅胶可能是罪魁祸首）。因此B项“他用导致不好结果的一些不合法东西治疗自己的病人”正确。

第2题:词义题。“dermatoIogist”所在句为：ShesaysherTorontodermatologisttoldherhewasusingliquidsiliconetosmoothoutwrinkles（她说，她在多伦多的…告诉她，他正使用液体硅胶来去除皱纹）。由此推测，“dermatoIogist”可能表示“工作是治疗皮肤病的人”，故选D。

第3题:细节事实题。第四段指出：...toseeif,infact,hecontinuedtousethesiliconeafteragreeingtostopandwhetherhewroteinpatientrecordsthatheusedanotherlegalproductwhenheusedsilicone（看看他在同意停止使用硅胶后是否继续使用，以及他是否在病人记录中注明在使用硅胶时使用了另一种合法产品）。由此可知，A项“是否他仍然在他的病人身上有非法的治疗”正确。

第4题:判断推理题。A:Barbiero在被告知有风险后接受了治疗。B:SheldonPollack医生在病人同意接受这种可能性后开始了手术。文章指出：Dr.Pollack和病人Barbiero对是否告知液态硅胶的潜在风险各执一词。因此A和B项不正确。C:一个有名的医生应该被授权在病人身上使用他认为没问题的东西。D:Barbiero饱受其害。第三段指出：Thefact,aphysicianofhisstaturewoulduseanunauthorizedproductonapatientbecausehethoughtitwasokay,isreallyverydisturbing（事实上，像他这样的医生会在病人身上使用未经授权的产品，因为他认为这是可以的，这才令人不安）。因此C项不正确，D项正确。

第5题:判断推理题。A:Barbiero将赢得这场官司。B:SheldonPollack医生将赢得这场官司。最后一段指出：Noneoftheallegationshavebeenprovenincourt（迄今所有指控都未经法庭认证）。因此A跟B项都不正确。C:这些案件已被驳回。D:监督医生的管理机构将被起诉。最后一段指出：Butthecauseraisesquestionsabouttheabilityofgoverningbodiestomonitordoctors（但是这个案件引发了人们对于政府监管部门对医生的监督能力的质疑）。因此D项不正确，本题选C。

15.单选题

Acensor’sdutyistoensurethatnocontentis（）inpublicationsorfilms.

问题1选项

A.evil

B.obscure

C.obscene

D.opaque

【答案】C

【解析】句意:审查员的职责是确保出版物或电影中没有淫秽内容。

考查形容词辨析。evil邪恶的；不幸的；有害的；讨厌的；obscure昏暗的；朦胧的；晦涩的；无名的；obscene淫秽的；猥亵的；opaque不透明的；不传热的；迟钝的。因此C符合句意。

16.单选题

Althoughhehashadnoformaleducation,heisoneofthe（）businessmeninthecompany.

问题1选项

A.shrewdest

B.sternest

C.nastiest

D.alertest

【答案】A

【解析】句意:尽管他没有接受过正规的教育，但是他是这家公司里最精明的商人之一。

考查形容词辨析。选项均为对应形容词的最高级。shrewdest最精明的；最狡猾的；sternest最严厉的;最坚定的；nastiest最讨厌的：最下流的：alertest最警觉的。根据前半句句意可知A项符合句意。

17.单选题

Iwasdeeplyimpressedbythehostess’s（）andenjoyedthedinnerpartyverymuch.

问题1选项

A.hostility

B.indignation

C.hospitality

D.humanity

【答案】C

【解析】句意:女主人的热情好客给我留下了深刻的印象，我非常喜欢这次宴会。

考查名词辨析。hostility敌意；战争行动；indignation愤慨；愤怒;义愤;hospitality好客；殷勤；humanity人类；人道。由句意“我非常喜欢这次宴会”可知C项正确。

18.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese

Paintingsarestatic.Theuniquenessoftheexperienceoflookingatapaintingrepeatedly—overaperiodofdaysoryearsisthat,inthemidstofflux,theimageremainschangeless.Ofcoursethesignificanceoftheimagemaychange,asaresultofeitherhistoricalorpersonaldevelopments,butwhatisdepictedisunchanging:thesamemilkflowingfromthesamejug,thewavesontheseawithexactlythesameformationunbroken,thesmileandthefacewhichhavenotaltered.

Onemightbetemptedtosaythatpaintingspreserveamoment.Yetonreflectionthisisobviouslyuntrue.Forthemomentofapainting,unlikeamomentphotographed,neverexistedassuch.Andsoapaintingcannotbesaidtopreserveit.Ifapainting“stops”time,itisnot,likeaphotograph,preservingamomentofthepastfromthesupersessionofsucceedingmoments.

【答案】绘画是静态的。在几天或几年时间里反复看一幅画的经历的独特性在于画的内容在变迁中仍然保持不变。当然，由于历史或个人发展,尽管该图像的意义可能会改变,但描述的内容是不变的:一样的奶瓶中流出的一样的牛奶，海面上完全一样的完整的波浪，不变的微笑和笑脸。

人们可能会说，绘画保存了一个瞬间。然而，仔细想想，这显然是不真实的。因为与被拍摄的瞬间不一样，绘画中的瞬间从未存在。因此，不能说一幅画保存了一个瞬间。如果一幅画留住了某个瞬间，那么它就不能保存代替随后瞬间的过去瞬间，就像相片一样。

19.单选题

TheshiftfromthemorepoliticaltothemoreindividualisticviewoflibertymaybeseeninhowtheconstitutionalguaranteeswithrespecttospeechandthepressaretypicallyspokenofintheUnitedStatestoday.Restraintsuponspeakingandpublishing,andindeeduponactiongenerally,arefewerthanatanytimeinthehistoryofthecountry.Thisabsenceofrestraintsisreflectedaswellintheverytermsinwhichtheserightsandprivilegesaredescribed.Whatwouldoncehavebeenreferredtoas“freedomofspeechandofthepress”(drawinguponthelanguageoftheFirstAmendmenttotheConstitutionoftheUnitedStates)isnowoftenreferredtoas“freedomofexpression”.

Tomakemuchoffreedomofexpressionistoencouragealiberationoftheselffromtheconstraintsofthecommunity.Itevencanassumethattheselfhas,intrinsictoitorsomehowavailabletoit,independentofanysocialguidance,intimationsofwhatitisandwhatitwants.Thus,liberationmaybeseeninthecurrentlyfashionableinsistenceupon“doingone’sownthing”whichcanincludearelianceuponstandardsandobjectivesthataresolelyone’sown.Itisdifficult,insuchcircumstances,toavoidaradicalsubjectivismthattendstoresultinthoroughgoingrelativismwithrespecttomoralandpoliticaljudgments.Oneconsequenceofthisapproachistoidentifyanever-expandingarrayofformsofexpressionthatarebelievedtobeentitledtoimmunityfromgovernmentregulation.

Ontheotherhand,iftheemphasisisplaceduponthemoretraditionallanguage,“freedomofspeechandofthepress”，therequirementsandprerogativesofaself-governingpeopleareapttobemademoreof.Thismeans,amongotherthings,thatapeoplemustbepreparedandequippedtomakeeffectiveuseofitsconsiderablepoliticalpower.Eventhoserulerswhoactwithouttheauthorityofthepeoplemusttakecaretoshapetheirpeopleinaccordancewiththeneedsandcircumstancesoftheirregime.Thiskindofeffortneednotbealtogetherselfishonthepartofsuchrulers,sinceallregimesdohaveaninterestinlawandorder,incommondecency,andinaroutinereliabilityorloyalty.

Whatisparticularlydifficulttoarguefor,andtomaintain,isanarrangementthat,whileitleavesapeopleclearlyfreepoliticallytodiscussfullyallmattersofpublicinterestwithaviewtowardgoverningitself,routinelydisciplinesandotherwisepreparesthatsamepeopleforaneffectiveexerciseofitsconsiderablefreedom.Insuchcircumstances,itistemptingforapeopletotakethecasefor,andtherhetoricofthelibertyonestepfurther-—andthustoinsistthatnoone,shouldtrytotellanyoneelsewhatkindofhumanbeingheshouldbe.Yetcannotitbesaidthatonlytheyaretrulyfreewhoknowwhattheyaredoingandwhochoosetodowhatisright?Allothersare,invaryingdegrees,prisonersofillusionsandappetites,howevermuchtheymaybelievethemselvestobefreelyexpressingthemselves.

Thereare,thentworelatedsetsofconcernsevidentinanyconsiderationtodayoftheformsandusesofcensorship.Onesetofconcernshastodowiththeeverydaygovernanceofthecommunity;theother,withthepermanentshapingofthecharacterofthepeople.Theformerismorepoliticalinitsmethods,thelatterismoreeducational.

1.IntheUnitedState,（）.

2.Freedomexpressionrepresents（）.

3.ItisTRUEthat（）.

4.