2022年考研考博-考博英语-黑龙江大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号90

住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-黑龙江大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.翻译题

Irememberafilm,Iforgetwhatitwascalled,inwhichfourpeoplewereinterrogatedaboutthecharacterandlife-styleofawomanwhohadbeenmurdered.Allofthemhadknownherwell,buttoeachofthem,shepresentedadifferentside.Themanwholovedhersawherasamusing,intelligentandextravagant.Thegirlwhohadbeenatschoolwithhersaidshewasreserved,slowtomakefriendsandinclinedtobemean.Herboss,forwhomsheworkedasasecretary,foundherhardworkingbutdull,thelastpersontoinspirepassion,letalonemurder.Herlandladysaidshewaseasytogetonwith,untidyandcarelessaboutmoney.“Ialwayshadtoremindheroftherent,”shesaid,“butIlikehershewasalwayscheerfulandwillingtolendahandifanyonewasintrouble”.Theinterestofthefilmwasnotsomuchinwhocommittedthemurder,butinhowitshowedthewayinwhichweallshowdifferentsidesofourselvestodifferentpeople.

【答案】我记得有这样一部电影，我不记得它的名字了。讲述的是四个人被询问关于被谋杀者女性的性格和生活方式。这些人都很了解她，但是她对每个人展示了不同的一面。爱她的那个男人觉得她是一个有趣、聪明却有点浪费的女孩。她同学觉得她是一个保守、不善交友，倾向于自私的人。她当秘书的那个老板觉得她虽然勤奋却很沉闷，永远不会活跃气氛，更别说凶手会谋杀她了。她的房东却说她很好相处，不修边幅，不太在乎钱。“我总要提醒她交房租”她说道，“但是我很喜欢她。她总是那么欢乐，在别人有困难的时候总会伸出援手。”这部电影有趣的地方不在于谁是行凶者，而在于我们都会在不同人面前展示不同的一面。

2.单选题

Maryonce___withanothermusiciantocomposeapieceofpopmusic.

问题1选项

A.merged

B.collaborated

C.coincided

D.constituted

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.merged（由指商业结构）合并；（使）融合，逐渐消失B.collaborated合作

C.coincided一致，符合；同时发生D.constituted组成

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】空格后有with表示和……一起，表伴随。根据逻辑关系，应该是二人合作一起创作音乐。B选项符合句意，正确。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项均无法与空格前后构成相应逻辑关系。

【句意】玛丽有一次与另一位音乐家合作谱写了一首流行乐曲。

3.单选题

Eventoday,acenturyafterPasteurdevelopedthefirstvaccine,rabiesalmostalwayskills（

）intheearlieststagesofthedisease.

问题1选项

A.itsvictimsunlessinoculated

B.thevictimsunlessthereisaninoculation

C.thevictimsunlessinoculated

D.itsvictimsunlesstheyareinoculated

【答案】B

【解析】考查语法结构。unless后面接条件状语从句，首先排除A、C项，句意要表达的是如果受害者能接种疫苗，而不是狂犬病被接种疫苗。句意：即使在今天，巴斯德开发出第一种疫苗后的一个世纪，狂犬病几乎总能杀死受害者，除非在疾病的早期阶段接种疫苗。故B项正确。

4.单选题

I’veheardthesaying,“Thebestgiftparentscanevergivetotheirchildrenistoloveeachother.”

I’vehadthepleasureofwitnessingthetruthofthisstatementforover40years.FromasfarbackasIcanremembermyMomandDadwereateam,agreatpartnership.Theyweremorethanjustapartnership.Itwasasiftheywereoneperson.

Sure,theyargued,buttherewasneveranydoubtinourmindsthatanydisagreementswouldbeworkedthroughandresolved.MomandDadbegantheirmarriedlifepoor,buttheyworkedhardand,overtheyears,builtaverysuccessfulbusiness.Theyeachhadtheirstrengthsandweaknesses,butthewaytheyworkedtogether,youneversawtheweaknesses,justthestrengths.

Dadwastheoutgoing,morepublicpersonwithwhompeoplemetandfellinlovewithrightaway.EveryoneknewDad!Then,whentheygottomeetMom,theyfelttheexactsamewayaboutheraswell.Mom,althoughnotatallshy,wasmorecomfortablebeingthepersonbehindthescenes.Moredetailoriented,sheranthebooksand,accordingtoDad,wastheonewhoreallymadethebusinesswork.

Thebiggestlessonaboutloveandmarriagethatmymomanddadtaughtuskidswashowtotalkaboutyourspouse.Haveyoueverheardhusbandsandwives,whenspeakingtoothers,makeunkindremarksabouttheirspouses?It’soneofthosethingspeoplejustseemtodo.Sure,they’re“onlykidding”ormaybetheyarenot.Butwordsmatter.Andwordsteach,whetherpositivelyornegatively.

Youwouldneverhearsuchathingfrommymomanddad.DadalwaysspeaksofMominthemostcomplimentary,glowingterms.Asdoessheofhim.Thislessonmadesuchanimpressiononme.IstillrememberwhenIwasage12andweweregettingcarpetinstalledinourhome.Thecrewbosswasoneofthosestereotypicalbeerguzzling,hard-livingguys,whowouldhaveprobablybelongedtoRalphKramden’sRaccoonLodgefromtheoldHoneymooner’sTVshow.Forlunch,myfolksboughtpizzaforthecrew.Dadwenttotalkwiththebossaboutthejob.Iwasaroundthecomerlistening.

Thebosssaid,“Thisisanexpensivejob.Womenwillreallyspendyourmoney,won’tthey?”Dadresponded,“Well,I’lltellyou,whentheywererighttherewithyoubeforeyouhadanymoney,it’sapleasuretodoanythingforthemyoupossiblycan.”

Thiswasn’ttheanswerthecarpetinstallerexpectedtohear.Hewaslookingfornegativebanteraboutwiveswhich,tohim,wasnatural.Hetriedagain:“But,gee,they’llreallyplayoffthatandspendalltheycan,won’tthey?”Dadreplied,asIknewhewould,“Hey,whenthey’rethereasonyou’resuccessful,youwantthemtodothethingstheyenjoy.There’snogreaterpleasure.”

Thecrewbosstriedonemoretime.Andthey’lltakethatasfarastheycan,huh?Dadresponded.“She’sthebestthingthateverhappenedtome.I’ddoanythingtomakeherhappy.”

Iwastryingnottolaugh.IknewhewantedDadtogiveinjustalittlebitandsay,“Yeah，Iguessthat’strue.Butitwouldn’thappen...notinamillionyears!”

Finally,theinstallergaveupandwentbacktowork,probablyshakinghisheadinbewilderment.Witnessingmydadinthatmomenttaughtmemoreaboutlovingandrespectingyourwifethananythinghecouldeverhavetoldmeaboutthesubject.

MomandDadarenowretiredandenjoyingtheirlifetogether,justhangingout,reading,andvisitingtheirchildrenandgrandchildren.Theyrecentlycelebratedtheir43rdweddinganniversary.Theystillholdhands,andtheyaremoreinlovethanever.Throughouttheyears,wheneverMomwouldremindmethatIshouldbelookingtogetmarried,I’dsay,“Ma,Ihaveplentyoftime.”She’djokinglyreplythatIdon’thave“that”muchtime.MyDadwouldthenlookatmeinthatwisdom-filled,citystreetsbredwayofhisandsay,“Hey,youtakeallthetimeyouneed.Ifyoumarrysomeonejusthalfthewomanyourmotheris,you’llhaveagreatlife.”Ishouldonlybesolucky.

1.Whataretheauthor’smother’scharacteristics?

2.Howdidtheauthor’sparentsteachhimthemostimportantthingaboutmarriage?

3.Whydidtheauthor’sfamilybuypizzaforthecrew?

4.Whichofthefollowingisleastlikelytobeacceptedbythiscrewboss?

5.Whatkindofimpactdidtheconversationbetweenhisfatherandtheinstallerhaveontheauthor?

问题1选项

A.Sheismorepublicanddetermined.

B.Sheismorepatientandcomfortable.

C.Sheismoreagreeableandpaysmoreattentiontodetails.

D.Sheisinchargeofaccountingandrunningthebusiness.

问题2选项

A.Theyeachhadtheirstrengthsandweaknesses,butthewaytheyworkedtogether,youonlysawthestrengths.

B.Theyworkedhardand,overtheyears,builtaveryprosperousbusiness.

C.MomandDadwereateam,agreatpartnership.

D.Theyalwaysspokeofeachotherinapositiveway.

问题3选项

A.Theywereputtingacarpetinplaceinourhome.

B.Myfatherhadsomethingtoaskfromthecrewhead.

C.ThecrewbosscamefromRalphKramden’sRaccoonLodge.

D.Thecrewbosswasastereotypicalbeerloving,hard-livingguy.

问题4选项

A.Womenwillsparenocostwhentheyjustwanttodoit.

B.Womengivefullplaytotherightsmengrantthem.

C.Womenarethepowerhousebehindmensuccessstory.

D.Womenaretheruinofmen.

问题5选项

A.Menshouldloveandrespecttheirwives.

B.It’simmoraltospeakillofsomeonewithouttheperson’spresence.

C.Achildshouldlearntoprotectpatents’goodimages.

D.Weshouldvaluethedayswespendtogetherwithourspouses.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。由第四段“Mom,althoughnotatallshy,wasmorecomfortablebeingthepersonbehindthescenes.Moredetailoriented,sheranthebooksand,accordingtoDad,wastheonewhoreallymadethebusinesswork.妈妈，虽然一点也不害羞，但做一个幕后的人更舒服。她更注重细节，经营账本，据父亲说，她是真正让生意运转起来的人。”可知C项“她更和蔼可亲，注重细节”正确。

2.细节事实题。由第五段“Thebiggestlessonaboutloveandmarriagethatmymomanddadtaughtuskidswashowtotalkaboutyourspouse.我父母教给我们孩子关于爱情和婚姻的最重要的一课就是如何谈论你的配偶。”以及第六段“Youwouldneverhearsuchathingfrommymomanddad.DadalwaysspeaksofMominthemostcomplimentary,glowingterms.Asdoessheofhim.你永远不会从我父母那里听到这样的事情。爸爸总是用最赞美、最热烈的语言谈论妈妈。她对他也一样。”可知作者的父母总是对外人互相赞美对方。故D项正确。

3.细节事实题。由第六段“IstillrememberwhenIwasage12andweweregettingcarpetinstalledinourhome.我还记得我12岁的时候，我们家正在铺地毯。”可知A项正确。

4.推理判断题。由父亲与工人的谈话可知，工人认为女人只会花钱，对女人是持贬低的态度。A项“女人只要想做就会不惜任何代价”；B项“妇女充分发挥了男人赋予她们的权利”；C项“女人是男人成功故事背后的动力”；D项“女人是男人的祸根”。可知C项工人最不可能接受。

5.推理判断题。由倒数第二段“Witnessingmydadinthatmomenttaughtmemoreaboutlovingandrespectingyourwifethananythinghecouldeverhavetoldmeaboutthesubject.在那一刻，我的父亲教会了我爱和尊重你的妻子，这比他告诉我的任何事情都要多。”可知A项“男人应该爱和尊敬他们的妻子”正确。

5.单选题

Itisallverywelltoblametrafficjams,thecostofpetrolandthequickpaceofmodernlife,butmannersontheroadsarebecominghorrible.Everybodyknowsthatthenicestmenbecomemonstersbehindthewheel.Itisallverywell,again,tohaveatigerinthetank,buttohaveoneinthedriver’sseatisanothermatteraltogether.Youmighttoleratetheoddroad-hog,therudeandinconsideratedriver,butnowadaysthewell-manneredmotorististheexceptiontotherule.Perhapsthesituationcallsfora“BeKindtoOtherDrivers”campaign,otherwiseitmaygetcompletelyoutofhand.

Roadpolitenessisnotonlygoodmanners,butgoodsensetoo.Ittakesthemostcool-headedandgood-temperedofdriverstoresistthetemptationtorevengewhensubjectedtouncivilizedbehavior.Ontheotherhand,alittlepolitenessgoesalongwaytowardsrelievingthetensionsofmotoring.Afriendlynodorawaveofacknowledgementinresponsetoanactofpolitenesshelpstocreateanatmosphereofgoodwillandtolerancesonecessaryinmoderntrafficconditions.Butsuchacknowledgementsofpolitenessarealltooraretoday.Manydriversnowadaysdon’tevenseemabletorecognizepolitenesswhentheyseeit.

However,misplacedpolitenesscanalsobedangerous.Typicalexamplesarethedriverwhobrakesviolentlytoallowacartoemergefromasidestreetatsomehazardtofollowingtraffic,whenafewsecondslatertheroadwouldbeclearanyway;orthemanwhowavesachildacrossazebracrossingintothepartofoncomingvehiclesthatmaybeunabletostopintime.Thesamegoesforencouragingoldladiestocrosstheroadwhereverandwhenevertheycareto.Italwaysamazesmethatthehighwaysarenotcoveredwiththedeadbodiesofthesegrannies.

Aveterandriver,whosemannersarefaultless,toldmeitwouldhelpifmotoristslearnttofiltercorrectlyintotrafficstreamsonceatatimewithoutcausingthetotalblockagesthatgiverisetobadtemper.Unfortunately,modernmotoristscan’tevenlearntodrive,letalonemasterthesubtleraspectsofroadsmanship.Yearsagotheexpertswarnedusthatthecar-owner-shipexplosionwoulddemandalotmoregive-and-takefromallroadusers.Itishightimeforallofustotakethismessagetoheart.

1.Accordingtothispassage,troublesontheroadareprimarilycausedby（

）.

2.Thesentence“Youmighttoleratetheoddroad-hog,therule...”(Paral)impliesthat（

）.

3.By“goodsense”(Line1,Para2),thewritermeans（

）.

4.Expertshavelongpointedoutthatinthefaceofcar-ownershipexplosion,（

）.

5.Inthewriter’sopinion（

）.

问题1选项

A.people’sattitudetowardstheroad-hog

B.therhythmofmodernlife

C.thebehaviorofthedriver

D.trafficconditions

问题2选项

A.oursocietyisunjusttowardswell-manneredmotorists

B.rudedriverscanbemetonlyoccasionally

C.thewell-manneredmotoristcannottoleratetheroad-hog

D.nowadaysimpolitedriversconstitutethemajorityofmotorists

问题3选项

A.thedriver’sabilitytounderstandandreactreasonably

B.thedriver’spromptresponsetodifficultandsevereconditions

C.thedriver’stoleranceofrudeorevensavagebehavior

D.thedriver’sacknowledgementofpolitenessandregulations

问题4选项

A.roadusersshouldmakemoresacrifice

B.driversshouldbereadytoyieldtoeachother

C.driversshouldhavemorecommunicationamongthemselves

D.driverswillsuffergreatlossiftheypaynorespecttoothers

问题5选项

A.stricttrafficregulationsarebadlyneeded

B.driversshouldapplyroadpolitenessproperly

C.rudedriversshouldbepunished

D.driversshouldavoidtrafficjams

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。文章第一句指出“Itisallverywelltoblametrafficjams,thecostofpetrolandthequickpaceofmodernlife（把问题归咎于交通堵塞、汽油价格和现代生活的快节奏是很好的）”，但后面有一个转折词but引出重要的原因，“butmannersontheroadsarebecominghorrible（但道路上的礼节问题正变得恐怖）”。因此C项“司机的行为”正确。

2.判断推理题。根据题干可定位至第一段“Youmighttoleratetheoddroad-hog,therudeandinconsideratedriver,butnowadaysthewell-manneredmotorististheexceptiontotherule（你可以容忍古怪、粗鲁、不体谅人的司机，但现今彬彬有礼的司机却实属罕见）”，由此推断，D项“现在不礼貌的司机占大多数”正确。

3.语义题。由题干定位至第二段第一句“Roadpolitenessisnotonlygoodmanners,butgoodsensetoo（道路上的礼节不仅仅是礼貌，也是一种良好的意识）”。后面具体说到“Ittakesthemostcool-headedandgood-temperedofdriversto…helpstocreateanatmosphereofgoodwillandtolerancesonecessaryinmodemtrafficconditions（只有头脑冷静、脾气温和的司机在遇到不文明的行为时，才能抵制进行报复的诱惑。另一方面，礼貌可以缓和开车时的紧张气氛。接着，又具体地说明对别人礼貌的行为，如友好地点头或摆手示意有利于创造出一种友好和宽容的氛围）”。因此，“goodsense”指司机不仅自己礼貌，而且对别人的礼貌做出反应，故选A项“司机的正确理解能力和理智地做出反应的能力”。

4.细节事实题。根据题干关键词定位至最后一段“Yearsagotheexpertswarnedusthatthecarownershipexplosionwoulddemandalotmoregiveandtakefromallroadusers.Itishightimeforallofustotakethismessagetoheart（几年前，专家警告我们，汽车拥有量的突增要求所有马路使用者的互谅互让。现在是我们大家把这一信息牢记在心的时候了）”。因此B项“司机们应该准备好互相谦让”正确。

5.判断推理题。文章第三段指出“However,misplacedpolitenesscanalsobedangerous（然而，不适当的道路理解可能是危险的）”。紧接着作者举了一些例子来说明。也就是说，司机们不仅要注意道路上的礼节问题，还要注意礼貌行为是否适时适当。否则可能反而会有危险的后果。因此，B项“司机的礼貌行为应当适当”正确。

6.单选题

Manynovelsthatattempttomirrortheworldarereally___oftherealitythattheyrepresent.

问题1选项

A.reflections

B.demonstrations

C.illuminations

D.reproductions

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.reflections反映；反响B.demonstrations示范；展示

C.illuminations启发；阐释D.reproductions复制；复制品

【考查点】近义词辨析。

【解题思路】句中mirror在这里表示反映的意思，that引导一个定语从句修饰novel，在这里表示尝试反映世界的小说。空格后接of，of短语做后置定语。主句为novelsare+空格处名词。空格处应该填一个与mirror相似的单词，表示反映的意思。A选项reflection符合句意。

【干扰项排除】

B选项demonstration表示清楚细致地展示；

C选项illumination指某物能够被理解；

D选项reproduction表示复制出与原物相似的物品。

【句意】许多试图反映世界的小说实际上反映了它们所代表的现实。

7.翻译题

从一定角度上看，教育的目的实质上就是通过生存知识的获得和生存能力的提高而使受教育者为未来的生活做好准备；而社会教育就是通过社会方式来实现这一目的。对于任何人来说，生活可以有两个目标：一是达到或维持基本的生存水平，二是提高到更高层次。为达到这两个目标——其实生活中它们是融合在一起的，一般不会有人把两者割裂开来——任何时代、任何区域和社会阶层都会对作为社会成员生活在这一时空与社会交叉点上的人有一个基本或起码的知识和能力客观要求。

【答案】Fromacertainpointofview,thepurposeofeducationistomaketheeducatedprepareforthefuturelifethroughtheacquisitionofsurvivalknowledgeandtheimprovementofsurvivalability.Socialeducationistoachievethisgoalthroughsocialmeans.Foranyone,lifecanhavetwogoals.Oneistoachieveormaintainabasiclevelofsurvival,andtheotheristoimprovetoahigherlevel.Inordertoachievethesetwogoals—infact,theyareintegratedinlife,andgenerallynoonewillcutthemapart—anyera,anyregionandsocialclasswillhaveabasicorminimumobjectiverequirementofknowledgeandabilityforpeoplelivingattheintersectionoftime,spaceandsocietyasmembersofthesociety.

8.单选题

Attheheartofthedebateoverillegalimmigrationliesonekeyquestion:“Areimmigrantsgoodorbadfortheeconomy?”TheAmericanpublicoverwhelminglythinksthey’rebad.Yettheconsensusamongmosteconomistsisthatimmigration,bothlegalandillegal,providesasmallnetboosttotheeconomy.Immigrantsprovidecheaplabor,lowerthepricesofeverythingfromfarmproducetonewhomes,andleaveconsumerswithalittlemoremoneyintheirpockets.Sowhyistheresuchadiscrepancybetweentheperceptionofimmigrants’impactontheeconomyandthereality?

Thereareanumberoffamiliartheories.Somearguethatpeopleareanxiousandfeelthreatenedbyaninflowofnewworkers.Othershighlightthestressthatundocumentedimmigrantsplaceonpublicservices,likeschools,hospitals,andjails.Stillothersemphasizetheroleofrace,arguingthatforeignersaddtothenation’sfearsandinsecurities.There’ssometruthtoalltheseexplanations,buttheyaren’tquitesufficient.

Togetabetterunderstandingofwhat’sgoingon,considerthewayimmigration’simpactisfelt.Thoughitsoveralleffectmaybepositive,itscostsandbenefitsaredistributedunevenly.DavidCard,aneconomistatUCBerkeley,notesthattheoneswhoprofitmostdirectlyfromimmigrants'low-costlaborarebusinessesandemployers—meatpackingplantsinNebraska,forinstance,oragriculturalbusinessesinCalifornia.Granted,theseproducers’savingsprobablytranslateintolowerpricesatthegrocerystore,buthowmanyconsumersmakethatmentalconnectionatthecheckoutcounter?Asforthedrawbacksofillegalimmigration,these,too,areconcentrated.Nativelow-skilledworkerssuffermostfromthecompetitionofforeignlabor.AccordingtoastudybyGeorgeBorjas,aHarvardeconomist,immigrationreducedthewagesofAmericanhigh-schooldropoutsby9%from1980to2000.

Amonghigh-skilled,better-educatedemployees,however,oppositionwasstrongestinstateswithbothhighnumbersofimmigrantsandrelativelygeneroussocialservices.Whatworriedthemmost,inotherwords,wasthefiscalburdenofimmigration.Thatconclusionwasreinforcedbyanotherfinding:thattheiroppositionappearedtosoftenwhenthatfiscalburdendecreased,asoccurredwithwelfarereforminthe1990s,whichcurbedimmigrants’accesstocertainbenefits.

Theironyisthatforalltheoverexciteddebate,theneteffectofimmigrationisminimal.Evenforthosemostacutelyaffected—say,low-skilledworkers,orCaliforniaresidents—theimpactisn’tallthatdramatic.“Theunpleasantvoiceshavetendedtodominateourperceptions,saysDanielTichenor,apoliticalscienceprofessorattheUniversityofOregon.“Butwhenallthosefactorsareputtogetherandtheeconomistscalculatethenumbers,itendsupbeinganetpositive,butasmallone.”Toobadmostpeopledon’trealizeit.

1.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?

2.InwhatwaydoestheauthorthinkordinaryAmericansbenefitfromimmigration?

3.Whydonativelow-skilledworkerssuffermostfromillegalimmigration?

4.Whatisthechiefconcernofnativehigh-skilled,better-educatedemployeesabouttheinflowofimmigrants?

5.Whatistheironyaboutthedebatedoverimmigration?

问题1选项

A.Whetherimmigrantsaregoodorbadfortheeconomyhasbeenpuzzlingeconomists.

B.TheAmericaneconomyusedtothriveonimmigrationbutnowit’sadifferentstory.

C.Theconsensusamongeconomistsisthatimmigrationshouldnotbeencouraged.

D.Thegeneralpublicthinksdifferentlyfrommosteconomistsontheimpactofimmigration.

问题2选项

A.Theycanaccessallkindsofpublicservices.

B.Theycangetconsumergoodsatlowerprices.

C.Theycanmixwithpeopleofdifferentcultures.

D.Theycanavoiddoingmuchofthemanuallabor.

问题3选项

A.Theyhavegreaterdifficultygettingwelfaresupport.

B.Theyaremorelikelytoencounterinterracialconflicts.

C.Theyhaveahardertimegettingajobwithdecentpay.

D.Theyarenomatchforillegalimmigrantsinlaborskills.

问题4选项

A.Itmaychangetheexistingsocialstructure.

B.Itmayposeathreattotheireconomicstatus.

C.Itmayleadtosocialinstabilityinthecountry.

D.Itmayplaceagreatstrainonthestatebudge.

问题5选项

A.Eveneconomistscan’treachaconsensusaboutitsimpact.

B.Thosewhoareopposedtoitturnouttobenefitmostfromit.

C.Peoplearemakingtoobigafussaboutsomethingofsmallimpact.

D.Thereisnoessentialdifferencebetweenseeminglyoppositeopinions.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.推理判断题。由第一段“TheAmericanpublicoverwhelminglythinksthey’rebad.Yettheconsensusamongmosteconomistsisthatimmigration,bothlegalandillegal,providesasmallnetboosttotheeconomy.绝大多数美国民众认为移民是有害的。然而，大多数经济学家的共识是，无论是合法的还是非法的移民，都对经济有小小的促进作用。”可知公众与经济学家就移民是好还是坏有不同的看法。故D项正确。

2.细节事实题。由第一段“Immigrantsprovidecheaplabor,lowerthepricesofeverythingfromfarmproducetonewhomes，andleaveconsumerswithalittlemoremoneyintheirpockets.移民提供了廉价的劳动力，降低了从农产品到新住房等一切商品的价格，让消费者口袋里多了一些钱。”可知移民给普通美国人带来的好处是：降低了物价，使他们手中能有多一些钱。故B项正确。

3.推理判断题.由题干关键词“nativelow-skilledworkers”定位到第三段倒数一、二句“Nativelow-skilledworkerssuffermostfromthecompetitionofforeignlabor.AccordingtoastudybyGeorgeBorjas,aHarvardeconomist,immigrationreducedthewagesofAmericanhigh-schooldropoutsby9%from1980to2000.本地的低技能工人在与外国劳工的竞争中受害最深。根据哈佛大学经济学家GeorgeBorjas的一项研究，从1980年到2000年，移民使美国高中辍学生的工资下降了9%。”可知C项“他们很难找到一份薪水体面的工作”正确。

4.细节事实题。由第四段“Whatworriedthemmost,inotherwords,wasthefiscalburdenofimmigration.换句话说，他们最担心的是移民带来的财政负担。”可知D项“它会给国家预算带来很大压力”正确。

5.细节事实题。由最后一段“Theironyisthatforalltheoverexciteddebate,theneteffectofimmigrationisminimal.Evenforthosemostacutelyaffected—say,low-skilledworkers,orCaliforniaresidents—theimpactisn’tallthatdramatic.具有讽刺意味的是，尽管所有的争论都过于激烈，移民的净影响却微乎其微。即使对那些受影响最严重的人——比如，低技能工人或加州居民——影响也不那么显著。”可知C项“人们对影响不大的事情大惊小怪”正确，即人们对于移民的影响过于大惊小怪。

9.翻译题

TheclimateofAustraliavariesgreatlyfromregiontoregion,withatropicalclimateinthenorth,anaridorsemiaridclimateinmuchoftheinterior,andatemperateclimateinthesouth.Despitethesevariations,themoderatinginfluenceofthesurroundingoceansandtheabsenceofextensivehighmountainrangeshelppreventmarkedextremesofweather.However,someareasoccasionallyexperienceextremeweatherconditions,suchastropicalcyclones,tornadoes,andseveredrought.

BecauseAustraliaisintheSouthernHemisphere,itsseasonsarethereverseofthoseintheNorthernHemisphere.Seasonalvariations,onthewhole,aresmall.Generally,coastalandhighlandareas,especiallyinthesoutheast,arecoolerthaninteriorlocations,andthenorth,particularlythenorthwesterncoast,isthehottestregion.ThetemperateregionsofsouthernAustraliahavefourseasons,withcoolwintersandwarmsummers.

【答案】澳大利亚的气候因地区而异，北部为热带气候，内陆大部分地区为干旱或半干旱气候，南部为温和气候。尽管有这些变化，但周围海洋的缓和影响和没有广泛的高山山脉有助于防止明显的极端天气。然而，一些地区偶尔会经历极端天气条件，如热带气旋、龙卷风和严重干旱。

因为澳大利亚在南半球，它的季节与北半球相反。总的来说，季节变化很小。一般来说，沿海和高原地区，尤其是东南部，比内陆地区凉爽，而北部，尤其是西北海岸，是最热的地区。澳大利亚南部的温带地区四季分明，冬冷夏暖。

10.单选题

Sinceyouareunhappywiththisjob,Irecommendthatyou___assoonaspossible.

问题1选项

A.resigned

B.willresign

C.couldresign

D.resign

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.resigned辞职B.willresign辞职

C.couldresign辞职D.resign辞职

【考查点】固定搭配。

【解题思路】这里考查recommend的用法。sb.recommendthatsb.(should)dosth.表示建议某人做某事。这里的should可以省略。因此D选项resign正确。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项搭配错误。

【句意】既然你对这份工作不满意，我建议你尽快辞职。

11.单选题

BarbaraStrozziwasasingerandcomposerofmadrigalsariasandcantataspublishedinVenicebetween1644and1664.Heruseofthesevocalformsplacesherdirectlywithinthecantatatraditionofthemid-seventeenthcentury,alongwithsuchmayorfigureasRossi,Carissimi,andCesti.WiththenotableexceptionofFrancescaCaccioi(1587-1640),sheistheonlyknownwomanamongthemanyariaandcantatacomposersofseventeenth-centuryItaly,andis,presumably,amongtheveryfewwomenoftheperiodtohavepursuedacareerasacomposerandtohaveachievedsomemeasureofpublicrecognition.

Thishistoricaldistinctionattractedattentiontoherworksearlyinthepresentcentury,evenwhenthemusicofmostofhermalecontemporaries,and,indeed,mostwomencomposersofanyera,remainedrelativelyignored.Butappreciationofherstylewaslimitedbyprevailingconventiontoanisolationofitssupposedlyfemininequalities:“greatspontaneity,exquisitegrace,marvelouslyfinetaste.”Suchanappreciationnowappearsirrelevantaswellaspolemicalinitsincompletenessbecauseweareinabetterposition-withregardtobothhistoricalknowledgeandsocialawareness-toattemptamorepreciseevaluationforasomewhatanomalous(unusual)figurelikeBarbaraStrozzi.

Bornin1619inVenice,shegrewupinthehomeofGiulioStrozzi,arenownedpoetandleadingfigureamongVenetianintellectuals.Barbara’spresenceinGiulio’shouseholdguaranteedheranearlyandfullexposuretoVenetianmusicalandliterarysociety.Indeed,shewasabletoenteraworldthatwas,apparently,closedtoothermembersofhersex.Similarly,FrancescaCaccini,themostprominentandsuccessfulItalianwomancomposeroftheperiod,wasthedaughterofprofessionmusiciansandthereforeexposedtomusicfrominfancy.Thisparallelsuggeststhatsuchanenvironmentmayhavebeenessentialforthedevelopmentofafemalecomposer.

1.Accordingtothepassage,BarbaraStrozzi’smusicattractedattentionearlyinthetwentiethcenturybecauseof（

）.

2.Theauthor’suseoftheword“supposedly”(line4,Para.2)implieswhichofthefollowing?

3.TheauthorofthepassagebasesherassertionthatStrozziisoneoftheveryfewseventeenth-centuryItalianwomencomposersonwhichofthefollowingassumptions?

4.TheauthorofthepassageimpliesthatwhichofthefollowingwasmostessentialtothesuccessofbothFrancescaCacciniandBarbaraStrozzi?

5.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatallofthefollowingmadeBarbaraStrozzi“asomewhatanomalousfigure”EXCEPT（

）.

问题1选项

A.itsuniquelyprivatecharacter

B.itsinfluenceonFrancescaCaccini

C.thescarcityofseventeenth-centurywomencomposers

D.theunconventionalityofitsforms

问题2选项

A.Theauthordoubtsthehistoricalauthenticityofthequotationthatfollows.

B.Theauthordoubtstheaccuracyofthefactssheisreporting.

C.Theauthordisagreeswiththejudgmentsheisdiscussing.

D.TheauthordoesnotbelievethatStrozzi9smusichasthequalitiescitedinthequotation.

问题3选项

A.Publicrecognitionisanindispensablepartofacareerasacomposer.

B.StrozziandCacciniwereinfluencedbythesamecomposers.

C.Themusicofanywomancomposerwhomherseventeenth-centurycontemporariesregardedasnoteworthywouldbeknowntomodemscholars.

D.Thecantatatraditionofthemed-seventeenthcenturyincludescomposersscholarsandperformersofmadrigalsandariasaswellascantatas.

问题4选项

A.TheirpresenceinVeniceatatimewhenvocalmusicnourished.

B.Theirearlyfirsthandexposuretomusicandmusicians.

C.Thelackofcompetitionfromothercomposers.

D.Thepopularityofmadrigalsandcantatasinseventeenth-centuryItaly.

问题5选项

A.shewasawomancomposerduringtheseventeenthcentury

B.shedidnotwritedramaticworksforvoice

C.shedidnotperformoperaticworks

D.shewrotemovingvocalworks