大学英语一级练习题用于合并

大学英语一级PartIIReadingComprehensionSectionASkimmingandScanningDirections:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsontheAnswerSheet.Forquestions26—32,markY(forYES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;N(forNO)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.Forquestions33—35,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.EffectsofTelevisionAtypicaladultspendsmoretimewatchingTVthandoinganythingelseexceptsleepingandworking.Watchingtelevisionranksasthemosttime-consumingleisureactivityamongadults.Ittakestimeawayfromotheractivities,suchasreading,conversation,socialgatherings,andexercise.EffectsonlearningTelevisioncontributesgreatlytowhathomeviewerslearn.Itbenefitspeoplebywideningtheirexperience.Ontheotherhand,TValsomaycontributetoharmfulimpressionsoftheworld.Enrichedexperience.Nocommunicationsystemhaseverprovidedsomanypeoplewithaswidearangeofnewexperiencesastelevisionhas.Withoutleavingtheirhomes,TVviewerscanwatchgovernmentofficialsperformimportantfunctions,andseehowpeopleinfar-offlandslookandlive.Televisiontakesviewerstodeserts,jungles,andtheoceanfloor.ATVviewercanseehowafamousactorperformstheroleofHamlet,andhowtopcomediansdrawlaughter.Televisiongivesitsviewersaglimpseofreal-lifetragedy,aswhenitcoversthevictimsofwar,naturaldisasters,andpoverty.Italsocapturesmomentsofgreattriumph,suchaswhenastronautsfirstsetfootonthemoon.However,someauthoritiesquestionhowmuchspecificinformationviewersrememberfromwatchingtelevision.Harmfulimpressions.Manysocialscientistsbelievethatpeoplearelikelytoformtwonegativeimpressionsfromwatchingalotoftelevision.Oneoftheseimpressionsisthatmanypeoplearebetteroffthantheyare.Theotheristhattheworldisanunfriendlyplace,filledwithuntrustworthypeopleandriskycircumstances.Televisionprogramsoftenshowpeoplewholeadmoreglamorouslivesandhavemorematerialpossessionsthanmostviewers.Inaddition,TVcommercialsconstantlyurgeviewerstobuyvariousgoods.Manysociologistsbelievethatasaresult,thematerialexpectationsofTVviewersareraised,sometimestoanunrealisticlevel.OneharmfuleffectresultswhenpeoplefailtoachievethesuccesstheyseeonTVandbecomedissatisfiedorbitter.Theviolence,crime-filledworldshownonTVmaycontributetoanimpressionofanevilworld.StudiesindicatethatpeoplewhowatchagreatdealoftelevisionaremorelikelytoholdfearfulornegativeviewsoftheworldthanthosewhowatchlessTV.However,someresearchersarguethatpeoplewhowatchalotoftelevisionalreadyholdsuchviews.EffectsonsocietyTelevisionhasbroughtaboutmajorchangesinseveralpartsofAmericansociety,includingpolitics,motionpicturesandradio,andsports.Politics.Everyelectionyear,thousandsofpoliticalcandidatesusetelevisionintheirdebateswithothercandidatesandanswerinterviewersquestions’abouttheirviews.Televisionplaysitsgreatestroleinpresidentialraces.BeforeTV,presidentialcandidatestriedtomakepersonalappearancesandspeechesinasmanycitiesandstatesaspossible.Today,manycandidatesreachmorevotersthroughasingletelevisionappearancethanthroughallthein-personcampaigningtheydo.Themostwidelyusedformofpoliticaladvertisingintelevisionisthespotprogramsoftenteleviseonlyasentenceortwo,calledasoundbite,fromacandidate’sremarks.Thesecontrastsharplywiththelongpoliticalspeechesthataretypicaloftraditionalin-personcampaigning.Televisiondoesmuchtopromoteinterestinpoliticsandpoliticalissues.ButpoliticaladvertisingonTValsodrawscriticism.Criticssayspotannouncementsaretooshorttoallowcandidatestodiscussissues.Instead,candidatesusethetimetopresentoversimplifiedstatements.Criticsalsoclaimthat,becausetelevisiontimeissoexpensive,TVcampaigninggivesunfairadvantagetothecandidateswiththemostmoney.Motionpicturesandradio.Fromthe1920’sthroughthe1940’s,filmsandradiowerethechiefformsofentertainmentformillionsofAmericans.Manypeoplewenttothemoviesatleastonceaweek.Theylistenedtocomedies,dramas,andotherentertainmentprogramsontheradioalmosteverynight.TheriseofTVinthe1950’causedasharpdropinmovieattendance.Eversince,themovieindustryhasfacedeconomicproblemsradioentertainmentchangedcompletelyafterTVbecameapartofAmericanlife.Almosteveryradioentertainmentshowwentofftheair.Recordedmusicbecamethechiefkindofradioprogramming.Sports.Professionalsportshavelongattractedmillionsofspectatorsyearly.Butmanymoremillionsnowwatchtheeventsontelevision.Televisionnetworksandstationspayteamownershugeamountsofmoneyfortherighttotelevisegames.Thesefunds,inturn,helpownerspaythehugesalariesoftoday’sprofessionalathletes.Televisionalsohelpsincreasethepopularityofsports.Forexample,thepopularityofprofessionalfootballhassoaredlargelybecauseoftelevision.Ontheotherhand,minorleaguebaseballlostmuchofitsaudienceaftertelevisionbroughtmajorleaguegamesintothehome.EffectsonyoungpeopleThereislittleagreementabouthowtelevisionaffectsyoungpeople.ParentshavelongbeenconcernedabouttheamountoftimeyoungpeoplespendwatchingTV.Studieshavelinkedwatchingalotoftelevisionwithpoorperformanceinschool.However,thesestudiesdonotprovethatTVviewingactuallycausesstudentstoperformpoorly.Watchingtelevisionmaysimplybeanactivitypreferredbyyoungpeoplewhodopoorlyinschool.Otherstudiessuggestthattelevisedviolenceencouragesaggressivebehavior.Schoolteachersbelievetelevisionhasagreaterinfluenceonyoungpeoplethanonadults.Generally,adultsspendmoretimewatchingTVthandoinganythingelsesuchassleepingandworking.Televisionhasprovidedpeoplewithawiderrangeofnewexperiencesthananyothercommunicationsystem.AnimpressionofanevilworldoftheTVviewersmaybeattributabletotheviolent,crime-filledworldshownonTV.TelevisionhasproducedmajorchangestoAmericaneducation.SomecriticsbelievethattelevisiontimeissoexpensivethatTVcampaigninggivesunfairdisadvantagetothecandidateswiththemostmoney.Peoplehavereachedtheagreementabouthowtelevisionaffectsyoungpeople.____________________isthemostwidelyusedformofpoliticaladvertisingintelevision.34.BeforetheriseofTVinthe1950’s,thechiefformsofentertainmentformanyAmericanswere____________________.Minorleaguebaseballlost____________________aftertelevisionbroughtleaguegamesintothehome.SectionBReadinginDepth(1)Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewith10blanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceintheblankisidentifiedbyaletter.Pleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitem.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Lastsummer,TransportationSecretaryElizabethDoleannouncedanewseatbelt-userule:allthedriversandfrontpassengerswillbefinediftheydon’twearseatbeltsafterApril1989.The36wouldn’havetbeennecessarybutforonesimplefact.Eventhoughseatbeltscould37nearlyhalfofthedeathsinfatalcaraccidents,85percentofthepopulationsimplywon’twearthem.Morethan30,000driversandfrontseatpassengersarekilledor38injuredeachyear.A39ofonly30milesperhouristhesameasfallingfromathird-floorwindow.Wearingaseatbeltsaveslives;it40yourchanceofdeathorseriousinjurybymorethanhalf.,driversorfrontseatpassengersover14inmostvehiclesmustwearaseatbelt.Ifyoudonot,youcouldbefinedupto$50.Itwillnotbeuptothedriverstomakesureyouwearyourbelt.Butitwillbethedriver’sresponsibilitytomakesurethatchildrenunder14donotinthefrontunlesstheyarewearingaseatbeltofsomekind.42,youdonothavetowearaseatbeltifyouarereversingyourvehicle;oryouaremakingalocaldeliveryorcollectionusingaspecialvehicle;orifyouhaveavalidmedicalcertificatewhichexcusesyoufromwearingit.Make44thesecircumstancesapplytoyoubeforeyoudecidenottowearyourseatbelt.Rememberyoumaybetakento45fornotdoingso,andyoumaybefinedifyoucannotprovetothecourtthatyouhavebeenexcusedfromwearingit.A)HoweverB)sureC)rideD)courtE)ThereforeF)environmentG)reduceH)complexI)speedJ)onlyK)seriouslyL)decideM)preventN)dangerouslyO)ruleSectionBReadinginDepth(2)Directions:Thereare2readingpassagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.OneofthemostpopularliteraryfiguresinAmericanliteratureisawomanwhospentalmosthalfofherlifeinChina,acountryonacontinentthousandsofmilesfromtheUnitedStates.Inherlifetimesheearnedhiscountry’mosthighlyacclaimedliteraryaward,thePulitzerPrize,andalsothemostprestigiousformofliteraryrecognitionintheworld,theNobelPrizeforLiterature.PearlS.Buckwasalmostahouseholdwordthroughoutmuchofherlifetimebecauseofherprolificoutput,whichconsistedofsomeeighty-fivepublishedworks,includingseveraldozennovels,sixcollectionsofshortstories,fourteenbooksforchildren,andmorethanadozenworksofnonfiction.Whenshewaseightyyearsold,sometwenty-fivevolumeswereawaitingpublication.ManyofthosebooksweresetinChina,thelandinwhichshespentsomuchofherlife.HerbooksandherlifeservedasabridgebetweentheculturesoftheEastandtheWest.Astheproductofthosetwoculturesshebecame,asshedescribedherself,“mentallybifocal”Her.uniquebackgroundmadeherintoanunusuallyinterestingandversatilehumanbeing.AsweexaminethelifeofPearlBuck,wecannothelpbutbeawarethatweareinfactmeetingthreeseparatepeople:awifeandmother,aninternationallyfamouswriter,andahumanitarianandphilanthropist.OnecannotreallygettoknowPearlBuckwithoutlearningabouteachofthethree.ThoughhonoredinherlifetimewiththeWilliamDeanHowellMedaloftheAmericanAcademyofArtsandLettersinadditiontotheNobelandPulitzerPrizes,PearlBuckasatotalhumanbeing,notonlyafamousauthor,isacaptivatingsubjectofstudy.46.Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthepassage?A)ToofferacriticismoftheworksofPearlBuck.B)ToillustratePearlBuck’sviewsonChineseliterature.ToillustratethebackgroundanddiverseinterestsofPearlBuck.TodiscussPearlBuck’sinfluenceontheculturesoftheEastandtheWest.Accordingtothepassage,PearlBuckwasanunusualfigureinAmericanliteratureinthatshe______.wroteextensivelyaboutaverydifferentculturepublishedhalfofherbooksabroadwonmoreawardsthananyotherwomanofhertimeachievedherfirstsuccessverylateinlife48.Accordingtothepassage,PearlBuckdescribedherselfas

“mentallybifocal

”

tothatshewas______.capableofresolvingthedifferencesbetweentwodistinctlinguisticsystemskeenlyawareofhowthepastcouldinfluencethefuturecapableofproducingliteraryworksofinteresttobothadultsandchildrenequallyfamiliarwithtwodifferentculturalenvironments49.Theword“prolific”inLine6isclosestinmeaningtowhichofthefollowing?A)influential.B)impressive.C)fruitful.D)outstanding.50.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A)AllofPearlBuck’sbookswerewritteninChina.PearlBuckwonseveralliteraryawardsforherworks.PearlBuckknewbothAmericanandChineseculturesverywell.OnehastostudythedifferentaspectsofPearlBuckinordertounderstandherwell.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Areorganicallygrownfoodsthebestfoodchoices?Theadvantagesclaimedforsuchfoodsoverconventionallygrownandmarketedfoodproductsarenowbeingdebated.Advocatesoforganicfoods–atermwhosemeaningvariesgreatly–frequentlyproclaimthatsuchproductsaresaferandmorenutritiousthanothers.ThegrowinginterestofconsumersinthesafetyandnutritionalqualityofthetypicalNorthAmericandietisawelcomedevelopment.However,muchofthisinteresthasbeensparkedbysweepingclaimsthatthefoodsupplyisunsafeorinadequateinmeetingnutritionalneeds.Althoughmostoftheseclaimsarenotsupportedbyscientificevidence,thepreponderance(优势)ofwrittenmaterialadvancingsuchclaimsmakesitdifficultforthegeneralpublictoseparatefactfromfiction.Asaresult,claimsthateatingadietconsistingentirelyoforganicallygrownfoodspreventsorcuresdiseaseorprovidesotherbenefitstohealthhavebecomewidelypublicizedandformedthebasisforfolklore.Almostdailythepublicisbesieged(围攻)byclaimsfor-agi“nog”diets,newvitaminsandotherwonderfoods.Therearenumerousunsubstantiatedreportsthatnaturalvitaminsaresuperiortosyntheticones,thatfertilizedeggsarenutritionallysuperiortounfertilizedeggs,thatuntreatedgrainsarebetterthanfumigatedgrains,andthelike.Onethingthatmostorganicallygrownfoodproductsseemtohaveincommonisthattheycostmorethanconventionallygrownfoods.Butinmanycasesconsumersaremisleadiftheybelieveorganicfoodcanmaintainhealthandprovidebetternutritionalqualitythanconventionallygrownfoods.Sothereisrealcauseforconcernifconsumers,particularlythosewithlimitedincomes,distrusttheregularfoodsupplyandbuyonlyexpensiveorganicfoodsinstead.51.Theword“advocate”inLine2,Para.1isclosestinmeaningtowhichofthefollowing?A)proponents.B)merchants.C)inspectors.D)consumers.52.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whichofthe

followingistrueabouttheterm

“organicfoods”?A)Itisacceptedbymostnutritionists.C)Ithasnofixedmeaning.

B)Ithasbeenusedonlyinrecentyears.D)Itisseldomusedbyconsumers.Theauthorimpliesthatthereiscauseforconcernifconsumerswithlimitedincomesbuyorganicfoodsinsteadofconventionallygrownfoodsbecause______.organicfoodscanbemoreexpensivebutareoftennobetterthanconventionallygrownfoodsmanyorganicfoodsareactuallylessnutritiousthansimilarconventionallygrownfoodsconventionallygrownfoodsaremorereadilyavailablethanorganicfoodstoomanyfarmerswillstopusingconventionalmethodstogrowfoodcropsFromthelastparagraph,consumerswhobelievethatorganicfoodsarebetterthanconventionallygrownfoodsareoften______.A)carelessB)mistakenC)thrifty

D)wealthy55.WhatistheauthorA)Veryenthusiastic.

’sattitudetowardtheclaimsmadebyadvocatesofhealthfoods?B)Favorable.C)Neutral.D)Doubtful.PartIII

ClozeDirections:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C),andD).YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.InHollywoodthereisacompanythatpublisheschildren’s56booksofwiththecomputers.Althoughotherbookcompaniesalsopublishthat57,thisparticularcompanyisvery58.It“personalizesthebooks,”59havingthecomputermakethereadertheJenny.ShelivesonOakDriveinSt.Louis,hasadognamedSpo