考研考博-英语-南京航空航天大学金城学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-南京航空航天大学金城学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

TheUnitedNationsdeclaredlastFridaythatSomalia’sfamineisover.Buttheofficialdeclaration

meanslittletothemillionsofSomaliswhoarestillhungryandwaitingfortheircropstogrow.

KenMenkhaus,professorofpoliticalscienceatDavidsonCollege,saiditwasprofoundlydisappointingtobediscussinganotherSomalifamine,afterheworkedinthecountryduringthe1991-1992one.Eachfamine,hesaid,hasdistinctcharacteristics,andthisoneunfoldinslowmotionoverthepastcoupleofyears.That’satleastpartlybecausetheSomalidiasporasentmoneyhomethatdelayedtheworsteffects.

MenkhauswasamongfourexpertsonSomaliaandfaminewhospokeattheRadcliffeGymMondayeveningandgatheredfortheevent,“SoundtheHom:FamineintheHomofAfrica.”PaulFarmer,KolokotronesUniversityProfessorofGlobalHealthandSocialMedicine,drewonhisexperiencetreatingmalnourishedpeopleinHaiti，wherehehasworkedfordecade，andsaidthehumanandsocialcontextofhome,andaidtofamiliesshouldbepartofwearingthechild,hesaid.Similarly,broaderagriculturalinterventionsandfairtradepoliciesareneededtoboostlocalagriculturaleconomies.

Thoughfamineisoftenthoughtofasanaturaldisaster,Monday’sspeakerssaidthatisafalseimpression.ThoughSomaliasufferedthroughaseveredrought,withtoday’sinstantcommunications,transportsystemscanmovemassiveamountsoffood.Giventoday’sglobalfoodmarkets,famineistoooftenafailureoflocalgovernmentandinternationalresponse.

“Intoday’s21st-centuryworld,justabouteverythingaboutfamineisman-made.We’renolongerinaworldofmanagainstnature.”saidRobertPaarlberg,adjunctprofessorofpublicpolicyattheHarvardKennedySchool.

Ethiopia,whichwasalsoaffectedbytherecentdrought,faredmuchbetterthistimebecauseofreformsimplementedafterthe2001one.Likewise,Paarlbergsaid,northernandcentralSomalia,regionsthatfalloutsideoftheinfluenceoftheAl-Shabaabmilitia,alsofaredbetter.Therewereseveralman-madefeaturesofthisfamine,whichaffectedmorethan10millionpeopleandkilledbetween50,000and100,000,halfofthemchildrenunderage5.

Thelargestman-madefeaturewastheroleoftheAl-Shabaabmilitiathatrulestheregionandthatkeptfoodaidfromreachingthoseinneed.Buttheinternationalcommunityisn’tblameless.AsearlyasNovember2010,aninternationalfamineearlywarningsystemwaspredictingthefailureofrainsintheregion,buttheinternationalcommunitydidn’trespondfullyuntilanofficialfaminewasdeclaredinJuly2011.Ontopofthat,U.S.anti-terrorismlawscutofffoodaidbecauseAl-Shabaab,listedasaterroristgroup,wastakingsomeofit.

ThoughtheUnitedNationshasdeclaredthefamineover,thatwasbasedonstatisticalmeasures,suchasthenumberofpeopledyingeachdayandthenumberofchildrenwhoaremalnourished.Thoughtheofficialfaminemaybeover,bothU.N.officialsandMonday’sspeakerssaidthecrisiscontinuesforthepeopleofSomalia.Almostathirdofthepopulationremainsdependentonhumanitarianassistance,cropsgrowingfromrecentrainswilltakemonthstoreachmaturity,andherdsofcows,goats,andotheranimalsweregreatlyreducedduringthecrisis.

MichaelDelaney,directorofhumanitarianresponseforOxfamAmerica,warnedthattheworldwillhaveanotherchancetogetitsresponseright,becausethewarningsignsarepointingtoanimpendingfamineinAfrica’sSahel,thearid,continent-spanningtransitionzonejustbelowtheSaharaDesert.

1.ThecurrentSomalifamineisdifferentfromthe1991-1992oneinthat（）.

2.Intreatingthemalnourishedpatients,attentionshouldbepaidtothefollowingEXCEPT（）

3.Whatisimpliedby“We’renolongerinaworldofmanagainstnature”？

4.RegardingthecurrentfamineinSomalia,who’stoblamemost?

5.WhatproblemstillremainsfromthecurrentSomalifamine?

问题1选项

A.itreceivedlessinternationalaid

B.worsteffectscamemoreslowly

C.itcaughtmoreattentionfromtheworld

D.itlastedlongerdespitehelpfromtheUN

问题2选项

A.makingfairtradepolicies

B.aidingthepatients’families

C.ignoringtheindicationofpoverty

D.exercisingagriculturalinterventions

问题3选项

A.Naturaldisasteralonecannotexplainfamine.

B.Weliveinaworldofmanyman-madematters.

C.Theworldismadeupofconflictingsocialforces.

D.Humanbeingsfightwithoneanotherforbetterlife.

问题4选项

A.TheUnitedStates.

B.TheAl-Shabaabmilitia.

C.TheUnitedNationsFAO.

D.Theinternationalcommunity.

问题5选项

A.Thenumberofmalnourishedchildrenremainsunknown.

B.Halfofthepopulationremainsdependentonhumanitarianassistance.

C.Cropsgrowingfromrecentrainswerereapedbeforereachingmaturity.

D.Herdsofcows,goatsandotheranimalsweregreatlyreducedduringthefamine.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节题。题干：索马里这次饥荒与1991-1992年的饥荒不同是因为______。本文第二段提到了1991-1992的饥荒，最后一句中提到“……delayedtheworsteffects”，说明这次饥荒比之前那次的最坏的影响来得晚些。因此B选项符合题意。

2.细节题。题干：在治疗营养不良的病人时，应注意以下几点除了_____。本文第三段提到malnourishedpatients，后文中“…andaidtofamiliesshouldbepartofwearingthechild…broaderagriculturalinterventionsandfairtradepoliciesareneeded…”，对应选项A、B、D。因此C选项符合题意。

3.判断推理题。题干：“我们不再处于一个人与自然作斗争的世界”指的是什么？根据语句定位到文章第五段，前文中“Intoday’s21st-centuryworld,justabouteverythingaboutfamineisman-made”表明现在与饥荒有关的一切几乎都是人为的，单纯自然灾害这个因素不足以解释饥荒，因此A选项符合题意。

.4判断推理题。题干：关于索马里目前的饥荒，谁是罪魁祸首？题干中的blame可对应上第七段第二句的blameless，由此可定位。往前看到“thelargestfeature”可知最大的人为因素是青年党民兵组织。因此B选项符合题意。

5.细节题。题干：索马里目前的饥荒还遗留着什么问题？本文倒数第二段中提到，尽管联合国宣告饥荒已结束，但问题还有很多。A选项中营养不良的孩子的数由官方统计而来；B选项halfthepopulation与文中athirdofthepopulation不符；C选项的werereapedbefore与原文的takesmonthstoreachmaturity不符。因此D选项符合题意。

2.单选题

Itwasfoundthatjobapplicantswhomakemoreeyecontactare（）asmorealert,dependable,confidentandresponsible.

问题1选项

A.referred

B.perceived

C.recommended

D.presumed

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。refer“参考，涉及"；perceive“理解，认知”;recommend“推荐，介绍”;presume“假定，推测”。句意：研究发现，那些有更多眼神交流的求职者会给人更机警、可靠、自信、负责的印象。选项B符合题意。

3.单选题

Itissome15millionHindus,SikhsandMuslimssweptupinatumultuousshuffleofcitizensbetweenIndiaandPakistanafterthepartitionofthesubcontinentin1947.

问题1选项

A.division

B.turmoil

C.fusion

D.consolidation

【答案】A

【解析】1947年印度和巴基斯坦的……导致约1500万印度教徒、锡克教徒和穆斯林卷入了印度和巴基斯坦之间混乱的公民流动中。可知partition必然与“分割、隔离”相关。A选项division“分割”；B选项turmoil“混乱，骚动”；C选项fusion“融合”；D选项consolidation“巩固，合并”。只有A选项是partition的近义词。

4.不定项选择题

D.H.LawrencewasthefourthchildofArthurLawrenceandLydiaBeardsall,andtheirfirsttohavebeenborninEastwood.Eversincetheirmarriagein1875,thecouplehadbeenonthemove:Arthur’sjobasaminerhadtakenthemwherethebest-paidworkhadbeenduringtheboomyearsofthe1870s,andtheyhadlivedinasuccessionofsmallandrecentlybuiltgrimycollieryvillagesalloverNottinghamshire.ButwhentheymovedtoEastwoodin1883,itwastoaplacewheretheywouldremainfortherestoftheirlives;themoveseemstohavemarkedawatershedintheirearlyhistory.

Foronething,theyweresettlingdown:ArthurLawrencewouldworkatBrinsleycollieryuntilheretiredin1909.Foranother,theynowhadthreesmallchildrenandLydiamayhavewantedtogivethemthekindofcontinuityinschoolingtheyhadneverpreviouslyhad.Itwasalsothecasethat,whentheycametoEastwood,theytookahousewithashopwindow,andLydiaranasmallclothesshop:presumablytosupplementtheirincome,butalsoperhapsbecauseshefeltshecoulddoitinadditiontoraisingtheirchildren.Itseemspossiblethat,gettingonbadlywithherhusbandasshedid,sheimaginedthatfurtherchildrenwereoutofthequestion.Takingontheshopmayhavemarkedherownbidforindependence.Arthur’sparentslivedlessthanamileaway,downinBrinsley,whilehisyoungestbrotherWalterlivedonly100yardsawayfromtheminanothercompanyhouse,inPrincesStreet.WhenthefamilymovedtoEastwood,ArthurLawrencewascomingbacktohisownfamily’scenter:oneofthereasons,forsure,whytheystayedthere.

LydiaLawrenceprobablyfelt,ontheotherhand,moreasifsheweredigginginforasiege.EastwoodmayhavebeenhometoArthurLawrence,buttoLydiaitwasjustanothergrimycollieryvillagewhichsheneverlikedverymuchandwheresheneverfelteithermuchathomeorproperlyaccepted.HerKentaccentdoubtlessmadeMidlandspeoplefeelthatsheputonairs.

56.Thispassageismainlyabouttheintroductionof（）.

57.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonforD.H.Lawrence’sfamilysettlingdowninEastwood?

58.WhichofthefollowingmightbeanimageofD.H.Lawrence’smotherinotherpeople’smind?

59.Thefamilyhadbeenonthemove,because（）.

60.WhichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrue?

问题1选项

A.D.H.Lawrence

B.D.H.Lawrence’sparents

C.D.H.LawrenceB.D.H.Lawrence’sparentsC.

D.H.LawrenceB.D.H.Lawrence’sparentsC.D.H.Lawrence’sresidenceD.D.H.Lawrence’sfamilybackgroundandeducation

问题2选项

A.Childreninthefamilyneededconsistenteducation.

B.D.H.Lawrence’sfathercouldbeneartohisfamilymembers.

C.D.H.Lawrence’sfathercouldbeneartohisfamilymembers.C.

D.H.Lawrence’sfathercouldbeneartohisfamilymembers.C.D.H.Lawrence’smothercouldseekforherindependence.D.D.H.Lawrencecouldaccumulateenoughmaterialstowriteaboutinhisnovels.

问题3选项

A.Amotherwhowasquiteamiable.

B.Awifewhowasconsiderate.

C.Anarrogantwoman.

D.Afaithfulwife.

问题4选项

A.theyhadtostaywiththefatherwhohadtogoeverywheretofindajobindepression

B.thefathercouldfindbetter-paidjobsintheprosperityofeconomy

C.thefatherwantedtobenearwithhisownhome

D.themotheralwayswantedtochangethelocationoftheirhouse

问题5选项

A.TherelationshipbetweenD.H.Lawrence’sparentsmaynotbesogood.

B.D.H.Lawrence’smotherwasawomanofstrongwill.

C.D.H.Lawrence’sparentsmaynotbesogood.B.D.H.Lawrence’smotherwasawomanofstrongwill.C.

D.H.Lawrence’sparentsmaynotbesogood.B.D.H.Lawrence’smotherwasawomanofstrongwill.C.D.H.Lawrence’smotherdidnotlikeherhomeatEastwood.D.D.H.Lawrencewasthefirstchildinthefamily

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】56.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】主旨大意题。文章主要讲了ArthurLawrenceandLydiaBeardsall的生活，他们开始如何不停搬迁，后来又为何在Eastwood定居。选项C项“D.H.劳伦斯的住所”，最贴近原文。A项“D.H.Lawrence”，C项“D.H.Lawrence的父母”和D项“家庭背景”，都不是文章的中心内容，所以不选A，C，D。

57.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】细节事实题。文章第二段第二句Foranother,theynowhadthreesmallchildrenandLydiamayhavewantedtogivethemthekindofcontinuityinschoolingtheyhadneverpreviouslyhad.（另一方面，他们现在有三个小孩，Lydia可能想让他们在学校里有以前从未有过的连续性教育）可知A项“家里的孩子需要始终如一的教育”是原因；第二段最后一句WhenthefamilymovedtoEastwood,ArthurLawrencewascomingbacktohisownfamiliescenter:Oneofthereasons,forsure,whytheystayedthere.（当他们一家搬到伊斯特伍德时，亚瑟•劳伦斯回到了他自己的家庭中心：当然，这也是他们留在那里的原因之一）可知B项“劳伦斯的父亲可以离他的家人很近”也是一个原因；文章第二段提及Lydia开了个店，并且说Takingontheshopmayhavemarkedherownbidforindependence.（对这家商店的收购可能标志着她自己争取独立）可知C项“劳伦斯的母亲可以寻求独立”也是一个原因；D项“D.H.劳伦斯可以积累足够的写小说的材料”在文章中未提及。

58.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】细节事实题。文章的最后一句HerKentaccentdoubtlessmadeMidlandspeoplefeelthatsheputonairs.（由于Lydia有口音，所以当地人认为她装腔作势），故只有C项“一个傲慢的女人”符合题意。A项“非常和蔼可亲的母亲”，B项“体贴的妻子”，D项“忠实的妻子”都不是Lydia在其他人心中的形象。

59.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】细节事实题。文章第一段第三行Arthur’sjobasaminerhadtakenthemwherethebest-paidworkhadbeenduringtheboomyearsofthe1870s.（在19世纪80年代的经济繁荣时期，Arthur不停换地工作是因为他在不停的寻找待遇最好的地方工作），由于他换地方工作，整个家庭也就跟着他不停搬迁。B项“在经济繁荣时期，父亲可以找到报酬更高的工作”符合文章原意。A项“他们不得不和父亲呆在一起，因为父亲在大萧条时要到处找工作”，在经济萧条时期，与原文不符；C项“父亲想靠近自己的家”和D项“母亲总是想改变他们房子的位置”在文中未体现。

60.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】细节事实题。文章第一句D.H.Lawrencewasthefourthchild…（劳伦斯第四个孩子）可知劳伦斯是这个家庭的第四个孩子，所以D项“劳伦斯是家里的第一个孩子”错误。A项“劳伦斯父母之间的关系可能不太好”，B项“劳伦斯的母亲是个意志坚强的女人”，C项“劳伦斯的母亲不喜欢她在伊斯特伍德的家”，在文中均未体现。

5.单选题

TheEnglishlanguagecontainsa(n)______ofwordswhicharecomparativeseldomusedinordinaryconversation.

问题1选项

A.altitude

B.latitude

C.multitude

D.attitude

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。A选项altitude“高地；高度；顶垂线；高级；海拔”；B选项latitude“纬度；界限；活动范围”；C选项multitude“大量，多数；群众，人群”；D选项attitude“态度；看法；意见；姿势”。根据固定搭配amultitudeof“大批的，众多的；大量的；一大批”可知句意为：英语语言还有很多相对来说很少被使用在我们的日常谈话中的单词。因此C选项正确。

6.单选题

TherearemanytheoriesaboutthebeginningofdramainancientGreece.Theonemostwidelyacceptedtodayisbasedontheassumptionthatdramaevolvedfromritual.Theargumentforthisviewgoesasfollows.Inthebeginning,humanbeingsviewedthenaturalforcesoftheworld-eventheseasonalchanges-asunpredictable,andtheysoughtthroughvariousmeanstocontroltheseunknownandfearedpowers.Thosemeasureswhichappearedtobringthedesiredresultswerethenretainedandrepeateduntiltheyhardenedintofixedrituals.Eventuallystoriesarosewhichexplainedorveiledthemysteriesoftherites.Astimepassedsomeritualswereabandoned,butthestories,latercalledmyths,persistedandprovidedmaterialforartanddrama.

Thosewhobelievethatdramaevolvedoutofritualalsoarguethatthoseritescontainedtheseedoftheaterbecausemusic,dance,masks,andcostumeswerealmostalwaysused.Furthermore,asuitablesitehadtobeprovidedforperformancesandwhentheentirecommunitydidnotparticipate,acleardivisionwasusuallymadebetweenthe"actingarea"andthe"auditorium."Inaddition,therewereperformers,and,sinceconsiderableimportancewasattachedtoavoidingmistakesintheenactmentofrites,religiousleadersusuallyassumedthattask.Wearingmasksandcostumes,theyoftenimpersonatedotherpeople,animals,orsupernaturalbeings,andmimedthedesiredeffect-successinhuntorbattle,thecomingrain,therevivaloftheSun-asanactormight.Eventuallysuchdramaticrepresentationswereseparatedfromreligiousactivities.

Anothertheorytracesthetheater'soriginfromthehumaninterestinstorytelling.Accordingtothisviestales(aboutthehunt,war,orotherfeats)aregraduallyelaborated,atfirstthroughtheuseofimpersonation,action,anddialoguebyanarratorandthenthroughtheassumptionofeachoftherolesbyadifferentperson.Acloselyrelatedtheorytracestheatertothosedancesthatareprimarilyrhythmicalandgymnasticorthatareimitationsofanimalmovementsandsounds.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.Whataspectofdramadoestheauthordiscussinthefirstparagraph?

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasacommonelementoftheaterandritual?

4.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemaindifferencebetweenritualanddrama?

5.Thepassagesupportswhichofthefollowingstatements?

问题1选项

A.Theoriginsoftheater.

B.Theroleofritualinmoderndance.

C.Theimportanceofstorytelling

D.Thevarietyofearlyreligiousactivities

问题2选项

A.Thereasondramaisoftenunpredictable.

B.Theseasonsinwhichdramaswereperformed.

C.Theconnectionbetweenmythsanddramaticplots.

D.Theimportanceofcostumesinearlydrama.

问题3选项

A.Dance

B.Costumes

C.Music

D.Magic

问题4选项

A.Ritualusesmusicwhereasdramadoesnot.

B.Ritualisshorterthandrama.

C.Ritualrequiresfewerperformersthandrama.

D.Ritualhasareligiouspurposeanddramadoesnot.

问题5选项

A.Noonereallyknowshowthetheaterbegan.

B.Mythsarenolongerrepresenteddramatically.

C.Storytellingisanimportantpartofdance.

D.Dramaticactivitiesrequiretheuseofcostumes.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:主旨大意题。由文章第一段中TherearemanytheoriesaboutthebeginningofdramainancientGreece.Theonemostwidelyacceptedtodayisbasedontheassumptionthatdramaevolvedfromritual.和第三段中Anothertheorytracesthetheater'soriginfromthehumaninterestinstorytelling可知整篇文章主要讲了戏剧起源的两种观点，就此展开论述，因此选A。

第2题:推理判断题。由文章第一段中Theonemostwidelyacceptedtodayisbasedontheassumptionthatdramaevolvedfromritual...Eventuallystoriesarosewhichexplainedorveiledthemysteriesoftherites.Astimepassedsomeritualswereabandoned,butthestories,latercalledmyths,persistedandprovidedmaterialforartanddrama（今天被广泛接受的一种说法是戏剧是基于仪式演变而来的……最终，故事出现了，这些故事解释或掩盖了仪式的奥秘。随着时间的推移，一些仪式被抛弃了，但这些后来被称为神话的故事依然存在，为艺术和戏剧提供持久的素材）可知C选项“神话与戏剧性情节之间的联系”符合题意。

第3题:细节事实题。由文章第二段中Thosewhobelievethatdramaevolvedoutofritualalsoarguethatthoseritescontainedtheseedoftheaterbecausemusic,dance,masks,andcostumeswerealmostalwaysused.可知没有提及magic，因此选D。

第4题:推理判断题。由文章第二段的最后一句Eventuallysuchdramaticrepresentationswereseparatedfromreligiousactivities.（最终这种戏剧性的表现与宗教活动分开）可知D选项“仪式有宗教目的，戏剧没有”符合题意。

第5题:推理判断题。由文章第二段中Thosewhobelievethatdramaevolvedoutofritualalsoarguethatthoseritescontainedtheseedoftheaterbecausemusic,dance,masks,andcostumeswerealmostalwaysused.（那些认为戏剧从仪式演变出来的人也认为，这些仪式包含了戏剧的因素，因为音乐、舞蹈、面具和服装几乎经常被使用）可推测D选项“戏剧活动需要使用服装”正确。

7.单选题

The（）stuckontheenvelopesays“ByAir”.

问题1选项

A.diagram

B.label

C.signal

D.mark

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项diagram“图表；图解”；B选项label“标签；商标”；C选项signal“信号；暗号；导火线”；D选项mark“标志；马克；符号”。句意：信封上粘贴的标签说是“航空邮件”。信封上粘贴的应该是标签，故选B。

8.单选题

Studieshaveprovedthatsmartpeopletendtobesmartacrossdifferentkindsof（

）.

问题1选项

A.institutions

B.occasions

C.characters

D.realms

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。institution“机构，制度”；occasion“场合，机会”；character“性格，角色”；realm“领域，范围”。句意为：研究表明，聪明的人容易在各个不同的领域都表现得很聪明。选项D符合句意。

9.单选题

Theviolent（）ofhisyouthreappearedandwasdirectednotonlyatthearmy,butathiswifeatall.

问题1选项

A.impatience

B.character

C.temper

D.quality

【答案】C

【解析】impatience急躁，不耐烦；character性质，品格；temper脾气，性情，倾向；quality品质，特性。句意：他年轻时的暴躁脾气又出现了，不仅是在军队，而且对他的妻子也是一样。选项C符合句意。

10.单选题

Letusgetoutquickly.Itisnogood____time.

问题1选项

A.waste

B.towaste

C.wasting

D.tohavewasted

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.waste浪费B.towaste浪费

C.wasting浪费D.tohavewasted浪费

【答案】C

【考查点】固定搭配

【解题思路】本题考查的是固定句型：It/Thereisnogooddoingsth.=Itdoesnogoodtodosth.“做什么是没用的。”因此，C选项wasting“浪费”，符合要求。

【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项不符合句型搭配。

【句意】我们赶快出去。浪费时间是没用的。

11.单选题

Memberstateshadtheopinionto（）fromthisagreementswithoneyear'snotice.

问题1选项

A.deny

B.object

C.suspect

D.withdraw

【答案】D

【解析】句意:成员国有权在一年的观察期内退出该协议。

考查动词辨析。deny否定；object反对;suspect猜疑;withdraw撤回，不再给予，取钱。因此D符合句意。

12.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.

Tobereallyhappyandreallysafe,oneoughttohaveatleasttwoorthreehobbies,andtheymustallbereal.Itisnousestartinglateinlifetosay:“Iwilltakeaninterestinthisorthat.”Suchanattemptonlyaggravatesthestrainofmentaleffort.Amanmayacquiregreatknowledgeoftopicsunconnectedwithhisdailywork,andyethardlygetanybenefitorrelief.

Itisnousedoingwhatyoulike;youhavegottolikewhatyoudo.Broadlyspeaking,humanbeingsmaybedividedintothreeclasses:thosewhoaretoiledtodeath,thosewhoareworriedtodeath,andthosewhoareboredtodeath.Itisnouseofferingthemanuallaborer,tiredoutwithahardweek'ssweatandeffort,thechanceofplayingagameoffootballorbaseballonSaturdayafternoon.Itisnouseinvitingthepoliticianortheprofessionalorbusinessman,whohasbeenworkingorworryingaboutseriousthingsforsixdays,toworkorworrytriflingthingsattheweekend.

【答案】一个人，为了活的真正开心和踏实，至少要培养两到三项兴趣。而且必须是真正的兴趣。到了晚年才说:“我对这感兴趣，对那也感兴趣”，已经没有什么必要了。这种愿望只能加剧精神紧张。一个人也许在其非工作领域也同样是学富五车，但是，也很难从中得到什么益处或慰藉。

做你喜欢的事一般没有什么用;要学会热爱自己的职业。泛泛讲来，人可以划分为三类:劳累至死的人;忧虑至死的人;厌烦至死的人。让一个体力劳动者在周末下午踢足球或打棒球来放松是毫无意义的，因为一周的辛劳已经令他们精疲力竭了。让那些为大事持续操劳或费心了六天的政界人士、专业人员或商界人士，在周日，继续为鸡毛蒜皮的小事劳神，这也同样也是于事无补的。

13.单选题

The“EchoHouse”willdemonstratehowwecanlivewithhighlyefficientinsulation,solarheating,energyefficient______andorganicgardening.

问题1选项

A.applicators

B.applications

C.applicants

D.appliances

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项applicators“涂药器；敷帖器；上涂装置”；B选项applications“应用；申请；应用程序；敷用；（对事物、学习等）投入”；C选项applicants“申请人，申请者；请求者”；D选项appliances“器具；器械；装置；应用”。原句中有几个并列成分：highlyefficientinsulation，solarheating，energyefficient____，和organicgardening，根据上下文，这些都是与生存环境有关的词语，因此我们不难排除掉与此无关的选项A选项和C选项。另外，原句中的几个并列成分都是具体名词。因此可以推断B选项application“应用；申请；应用程序；敷用；（对事物、学习等）投入”与题意不符。句意：“回音屋”将向我们展示如何使用高效隔热、太阳能饮食、节能电器和有机园艺来生活。因此D选项正确。

14.单选题

Computersareemployedtoprocesscensusdataandto（）suchfinancialbusinessascollectingtaxes.

问题1选项

A.facilitate

B.fabricate

C.fortify

D.falsify

【答案】A

【解析】句意:电脑被用来处理普查数据和辅助金融业务,比如收税。

考查动词辨析。facilitate促进,促使,使便利;fabricate制造,伪造;fortify(尤指)筑城防御;(在物质或精神上)加强,增强;增强(感觉或态度);falsify伪造,歪曲。空格处动词的宾语为“financialbusiness(金融业务)”,因此A符合句意。

15.单选题

Standingatthetopofthemountain,wewatchedthefog（）fromthevalleybelow;itseemedthatwehadenteredafairyland.

问题1选项

A.descend

B.decrease

C.ascend

D.increase

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项descend“下降；遗传”；B选项decrease“减小；减少”；C选项ascend“上升；攀登”；D选项increase“增加；增大”。句意：站在山顶，我们看着雾从下面的山谷……，我们好像进入了一个仙境。形容云雾缭绕，雾应该是从下方升起的，故选C。

16.单选题

ThispairofbootscostmuchlessthanyoursforIboughtthemwhenthedepartmentstoremadea（

）ofthestoredgoods.

问题1选项

A.clearance

B.reduction

C.fortune

D.deal

【答案】B

【解析】考察名词词义辨析。Clearance“清理”；reduction“减少”；fortune“财富，运气”；deal“交易”。句意：我这双靴子没有花你那么多钱，因为我买它的时候商场正好降价销售存货。选项B符合题意。

17.单选题

Hadtheexplosionbrokenout,thepassengersintheplaneshouldhavebeenkilled,foritwas（

）timedwiththeplane’stake-off.

问题1选项

A.simultaneously

B.instantaneously

C.spontaneously

D.conscientiously

【答案】A

【解析】考查形近词辨析。A选项simultaneously“同时地”；B选项instantaneously“突如其来地，即刻”；C选项spontaneously“自然地，自发地”；D选项conscientiously“凭良心地，认真地”。当虚拟条件句中的谓语含有were，had，should时，可省略连词if，将were，had，should置于句首。Hadtheexplosionbrokenout=Iftheexplosionhadbrokenout（如果爆炸突然发生），由“爆炸发生”与“飞机上的乘客死亡”可推测这两个动词应是同时发生的，因此选A。句意：如果爆炸突然发生，飞机上的乘客就会被杀死，因为爆炸发生的时间和飞机起飞的时间是同一时间。

18.单选题

Criticalarticlesonthisnovelarguethatthoughtheplotseemslogical,theendingofthenovelis_______.

问题1选项

A.tardy

B.ramrod

C.farfetched

D.factitious

【答案】C

【解析】tardy行动缓慢的;ramrod严厉的,生硬的;farfetched牵强的;factitious人为的,虚假的。句意：有关这篇小说的评论称，虽然情节看似合乎逻辑，但小说的结尾却很牵强。选项C符合句意。

19.翻译题

FROMCHINESETOENGLISH

我说过我们要发展记忆，那是因为我们生活中有此需要。没有文化的动物中，能以本能来应付生活，就不必有记忆。我这样说，其实也包含了另一项意思，就是人在记忆上发展的程度是依他们生活需要而决定的。我们每个人，每一刻，所接触的外界众多复杂，但是并不进入我们的感觉，我们有所选择。和我们眼睛所接触的外界我们并不都看见，我们只看见我们所注意的，我们的视线有焦点，焦点依着我们的注意而移动。注意的对象由我们选择，选择的根据是我们生活的需要。

【答案】Isaidwedevelopmemoriesbecauseweneedtheminourlives.Withoutculture,animalscopewithlifebyinstinct.Thusmemoryisnecessaryforthem.Bysayingthis,Ialsomeanthatpeopledevelopmemoryaccordingtotheneedsoftheirlives.Everyoneofus,isconnectedtothisvastandcomplexworldineverymoment,butdon’treceiveallintooursenses,whichmeanswechoose.Wedonotseeeverythingthatoureyestouch.Weseeonlywhatwenotice,becausethereisafocusinoursightwhichmovesonthebasisofourattention.Andtheobjectofattentionischosenbyus,accordingtotheneedsofourlife.

20.单选题

ComparingwithotherAsiancountries,Chinasuffersfromthegreatestgapbetweenitsdevelopmentneedsanditsactualwaterresources.

问题1选项

A.Comparingwithother

B.from

C.gapbetweenits

D.itsactua