考研考博-英语-延边职业技术学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-延边职业技术学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

11.

问题1选项

A.Discussingacase.

B.Defyingadiagnosis.

C.Performingasurgery.

D.Talkingwiththepatient.

【答案】A

【解析】W:What’sthemostlikelydiagnosisinthiscase?

M:Mostprobablytuberculosis.

W:What'sagainstthatdiagnosis?

M:Well,theinfectedhasn’thadanychangeinthehabitorlostweight.

Q:Whataretheydoingnow?

【解析】对话讨论的是某种病例的diagnosis(症状)。

2.单选题

The（）ofallkindsofnecessarygoodswascausedbynaturalcalamity.

问题1选项

A.variety

B.scarcity

C.solidarity

D.commodity

【答案】B

【解析】同形词辨析题。variety“多样”；scarcity“不足；缺乏”；solidarity“团结”；commodity“商品”；根据naturalcalamity“自然灾害”可知此处应该说的是各种必需品的“缺乏”，故正确答案为选项B。句意为：各种必需品的缺乏是自然灾难造成的。

3.单选题

Hestudiedhardatschoolwhenhewasyoung,which（）tohissuccessinlaterlife.

问题1选项

A.distributed

B.attributed

C.contributed

D.districted

【答案】C

【解析】句意:他年轻时在学校努力学习，这对他晚年的成功有帮助。

考查短语辨析。Contributeto有助于，产生，对…有帮助。

4.单选题

ThePsychologyofWarrantiesProtectionRacket

Ifextendedguaranteesareoverpriced,whyaretheysopopular?

CUSTOMERStendtoagoniseovertherelativemeritsofdifferentmodelsofelectronicgoodssuchasdigitalcamerasorplasmatelevisions.Butwhentheygettothetill,manyspendfreelyonsomethingtheybarelythinkaboutatall:anextendedwarranty,whichisoftenmoreprofitabletotheretailerthanthedeviceitcovers.

Shopperstypicallypay10%-50%ofthecostofaproducttoinsureitbeyondthetermcoveredbythemanufacturer’sguarantee.（1）Yetproductsrarelybreakwithintheperiodcovered,andrepairstendtocostnomorethanthewarrantyitself.（2）

Sowhy,asksapaperpublishedintheDecemberissueoftheJournalofConsumerResearch,somanyconsumersstillbuyextendedwarranties?Theauthors—TaoChenoftheUniversityofMaryland,AjayKalraofRiceUniversityandBaohongSunofCarnegieMellonUniversity—examinedpurchasedatafromabigelectronicsretailerforover600householdsfromNovember2003toOctober2004.

（3

）Ifacustomerisabouttobuysomethingfun(i.e.,aplasmatelevisionratherthanavacuumcleaner),hewillbemoreinclinedtosplashoutonextrainsurance.Thisisbecauseconsumersvalue“hedonic”itemsoverutilitarianones,regardlessoftheactualpricetag.（4

）Thestudyalsofoundthatpoorerconsumersaremorelikelytobuy“potentiallyunnecessaryandoverpricedinsurance”,becausetheyaremoreworriedabouttheexpenseofreplacingaproductifitbreaks.

（5）Butalthoughmostpoliciesgounused,headmitsthattheemotionaltranquilitythatcomeswithbuyinganewwarrantyisnotinitselfwithoutvalue,evenif“rationally,itdoesn’tmakesense”.

问题1选项

A.Thisisespeciallytrueiftheitemisonsale,asfindinganunexpectedbargainleavesbuyersfeelingflushandpleased.

B.Thetermsofthesedealsvary(andthereisoftenagreatdealoffineprint),buttheyusuallypromisetorepairorreplaceafaultydeviceforbetweenoneandfouryears.

C.Onlyinthepresentcenturyhasonespeciesmanacquiredsignificantpowertoalterthenatureofhisworld.

D.Thisisbecauseconsumersaremorelikelytobuy“hedonic”items.

E.Theyconcludedthatthedecisiontobuyawarrantyhadagreatdealtodowithashopper’smood.

F.Thepopularityofwarrantiesshouldlogicallydependonthelikelihoodofaproduct’sfailure,saysMr.Kalra.

G.Thatmakeswarrantiesamazinglyprofitable:theygenerateover$16billionannuallyforAmericanretailers,accordingtoWarrantyWeek,atradejournal.

问题2选项

A.Thisisespeciallytrueiftheitemisonsale,asfindinganunexpectedbargainleavesbuyersfeelingflushandpleased.

B.Thetermsofthesedealsvary(andthereisoftenagreatdealoffineprint),buttheyusuallypromisetorepairorreplaceafaultydeviceforbetweenoneandfouryears.

C.Onlyinthepresentcenturyhasonespeciesmanacquiredsignificantpowertoalterthenatureofhisworld.

D.Thisisbecauseconsumersaremorelikelytobuy“hedonic”items.

E.Theyconcludedthatthedecisiontobuyawarrantyhadagreatdealtodowithashopper’smood.

F.Thepopularityofwarrantiesshouldlogicallydependonthelikelihoodofaproduct’sfailure,saysMr.Kalra.

G.Thatmakeswarrantiesamazinglyprofitable:theygenerateover$16billionannuallyforAmericanretailers,accordingtoWarrantyWeek,atradejournal.

问题3选项

A.Thisisespeciallytrueiftheitemisonsale,asfindinganunexpectedbargainleavesbuyersfeelingflushandpleased.

B.Thetermsofthesedealsvary(andthereisoftenagreatdealoffineprint),buttheyusuallypromisetorepairorreplaceafaultydeviceforbetweenoneandfouryears.

C.Onlyinthepresentcenturyhasonespeciesmanacquiredsignificantpowertoalterthenatureofhisworld.

D.Thisisbecauseconsumersaremorelikelytobuy“hedonic”items.

E.Theyconcludedthatthedecisiontobuyawarrantyhadagreatdealtodowithashopper’smood.

F.Thepopularityofwarrantiesshouldlogicallydependonthelikelihoodofaproduct’sfailure,saysMr.Kalra.

G.Thatmakeswarrantiesamazinglyprofitable:theygenerateover$16billionannuallyforAmericanretailers,accordingtoWarrantyWeek,atradejournal.

问题4选项

A.Thisisespeciallytrueiftheitemisonsale,asfindinganunexpectedbargainleavesbuyersfeelingflushandpleased.

B.Thetermsofthesedealsvary(andthereisoftenagreatdealoffineprint),buttheyusuallypromisetorepairorreplaceafaultydeviceforbetweenoneandfouryears.

C.Onlyinthepresentcenturyhasonespeciesmanacquiredsignificantpowertoalterthenatureofhisworld.

D.Thisisbecauseconsumersaremorelikelytobuy“hedonic”items.

E.Theyconcludedthatthedecisiontobuyawarrantyhadagreatdealtodowithashopper’smood.

F.Thepopularityofwarrantiesshouldlogicallydependonthelikelihoodofaproduct’sfailure,saysMr.Kalra.

G.Thatmakeswarrantiesamazinglyprofitable:theygenerateover$16billionannuallyforAmericanretailers,accordingtoWarrantyWeek,atradejournal.

问题5选项

A.Thisisespeciallytrueiftheitemisonsale,asfindinganunexpectedbargainleavesbuyersfeelingflushandpleased.

B.Thetermsofthesedealsvary(andthereisoftenagreatdealoffineprint),buttheyusuallypromisetorepairorreplaceafaultydeviceforbetweenoneandfouryears.

C.Onlyinthepresentcenturyhasonespeciesmanacquiredsignificantpowertoalterthenatureofhisworld.

D.Thisisbecauseconsumersaremorelikelytobuy“hedonic”items.

E.Theyconcludedthatthedecisiontobuyawarrantyhadagreatdealtodowithashopper’smood.

F.Thepopularityofwarrantiesshouldlogicallydependonthelikelihoodofaproduct’sfailure,saysMr.Kalra.

G.Thatmakeswarrantiesamazinglyprofitable:theygenerateover$16billionannuallyforAmericanretailers,accordingtoWarrantyWeek,atradejournal.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:G

第3题:E

第4题:A

第5题:F

【解析】1.根据上下文，空格前提到人们通常会支付一部分钱来延长保险期使其超过制造商的保修期，空格后提到维修费用不会超过保证书承诺的额度，选项B中theterm和上文形成照应，对上文提到的制造商担保的保修期进行了进一步解释。句意：保险协议的条款各不相同（通常有很多细则），但他们通常承诺在一到四年里可以修复或更换有故障的设备，选项B符合题意。

2.根据上下文，空格处是第三段的最后一句，选项G是上文所描述的情况的结果，也就是保单之诈带来的结果，使保单业务利润惊人，而且本句也有点题的作用。选项G符合题意。

3.

根据上下文，空格上一段的开头sowhy提出疑问，为什么有如此多的人还要购买保单呢？紧接着提到了一系列的调查数据，可推断空格应该是一个结果的呈现。选项E中theyconcludedthat说明是调查的结果，句意：他们总结道：购买保修单的决定在很大程度上与购物者的心情有关。选项E符合题意。

4.根据上下文，空格上一句提到，重视享乐的人们更倾向于在保险上花钱，而不顾产品真实的价格标签。选项A中thisisespeciallytrue对这个现象进行了进一步的解释，存在顺承关系。选项A符合题意。

5.根据空格后一句中headmits，可知空格中应该会出现一个人物，选项F提到了Mr.Kalra这个人名，并且空格后but表明转折关系，将会提到和下文完全相反的情况，选项F提到保单受欢迎的程度从逻辑上说应该取决于产品出故障的可能性，空格后提到保单从理性上讲并没有意义。前后形成对比转折。选项F符合题意。

5.单选题

Thecrisisinourindustrywas____byintensecompetitionfromforeignproducers.

问题1选项

A.broughton

B.broughtforward

C.broughtup

D.broughtround

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.broughton导致；引起B.broughtforward提出；提前

C.broughtup提出；教育；养育D.broughtround使改变观点；说服

【答案】A

【考查点】词组辨析。

【解题思路】句意：我们工业的危机是由外国生产商的激烈竞争……。根据逻辑，外国生产商的激烈竞争可能会引起我国的工业危机。因此选A。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项均无法与空格前后构成相应逻辑关系。

【句意】我们工业的危机是由外国生产商的激烈竞争引起的。

6.单选题

This（

）girlisTom’scousin.

问题1选项

A.prettylittleAmerican

B.Americanprettylittle

C.Americanlittlepretty

D.littleAmericanpretty

【答案】A

【解析】句意:这位漂亮的美国小女孩是Tom的表妹。

语法题。考查形容词排列顺序。pretty属于“描绘性形容词”，little属于“表示大小、长短、高低的形容词”，American属于“表示国籍的形容词”。在修饰名词时，这三类形容词的顺序为描绘性形容词、表示大小、长短、高低的形容词、表示国籍的形容词。故A符合此顺序。

7.单选题

TourismhasseriouslydamagedfragileecosystemsliketheAlps,thewinterskiingplaygroundofEurope,andthetrekkingareasoftheHimalayas.Worldwide,itposesaseriousthreattocoastalhabitatslikedunes,mangroveforestsandcoralreefs.Itfuelsaboomingandusuallyillegaltradeintheproductsofthreatenedwildlife,fromtortoiseshellandcoraltoivory.Its“consumers”inevitablybringtheirhabitsandexpectationswiththem—whetherit’shotshowersandflushtoiletsorwell-wateredgreensforgolfers.IntheHimalayas,showersfortrekkersoftenmeanfirewood,whichmeansdeforestation.InHawaiiandBarbados,itwasfoundthateachtouristusedbetweensixandtentimesasmuchwaterandelectricityasalocal.InGoa,villagersforcedtowalktowellsfortheirwaterhadtowatchasapipelinetoanewluxuryhotelwasbuiltthroughtheirland.Overthepastdecade,golf,becauseofitsappetiteforland,waterandherbicides,hasemergedasoneofthebiggestculprits,somuchsothat“golfwars”havebrokenoutinpartsofSoutheastAsia:campaignersinJapan,oneofthechiefexponentsofgolftourism,havelaunchedanannualWorldNoGolfDay.

Someobserversnowarguethattourismcanstrengthenlocalculturesbyencouraginganawarenessoftraditionandtheceremoniesandfestivalsthatgowithit.Butwhat’sthevalueoftraditionifit’skeptaliveself-consciously,forprofit,andbearslittlerelationtoreallife—which,today,acrosstheworld,growsevermoreuniform?Hencethedismissivereferencesto“humanzoos,”“airportart”andthetrinketizationofcultures.ThesearequestionsthatapplyasmuchtofoxhuntinginBritainandCarnivalinRiodeJaneiroastoso-calledcannibaltoursinThailand.What’sundeniableisthattourism,inonewayoranother,changestradition,andformanypeople,particularlyintheThirdWorld,thatchangelooksandfeelslikedegradation.

Partoftheproblemisthattourismiscolonialisminanotherguise—economicratherthanpolitical.Henceitrubshardagainstthegrowingworldwidemovementforlocalornationalself-determination.Buttherearealsosomeprofoundandoftenirreconcilabledifferencesinperception.

Whatmakespeoplewanttotravel?Theshortanswercentersontheconceptofescape.AccordingtoJostKrippendorf,theSwissacademicwhoisoneoftheleadingauthoritiesonmoderntourism,peopletravelbecause“theynolongerfeelhappywheretheyare—wheretheywork,wheretheylive.Theyfeelthemonotonyofthedailyroutine,thecoldrationalityoffactories,offices,apartmentblocksandtransport,shrinkinghumancontact...thelossofnatureandnaturalness.”MacCannellarguesthatmasstourismisaproductofthe“mostdepersonalized”epochinhistory.Well,maybe.It’struethatpeoplewithgardens,orthosewholiveinsmalltowns,takefewerholidaysthanapartment-blockresidentsorcitydwellers.It’sprobablyalsotruethatwhatwecasuallyrefertoasthe“pressuresofdailylife”―work,family,commuting—aremoreintense,insomerespects,thaneverbefore.Yetpeoplehavealwaysfeltadesireforsomethingmorethantheirliferoutinelyofferthem—something,well,different.It’spartlybecausehumansarenaturallyinquisitiveandexploratorybutalso,andmoresignificant,becauseweneedtheunknown,whathistoriansofreligioncall“otherness,”tolendourlivessignificance.Soweconceiveofidealworlds—Paradise,theGoldenAge,Heaven,Atlantis,andShangri-La—anddream,sometimes,ofattainingthem.

1.Accordingtothepassage,（）.

2.Accordingtothewriter,（）

3.Peopletravelbecause（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

问题1选项

A.tourismhasseriouslydamagedfragileecosystems

B.tourismposesaseriousthreattopeople’smentalsystem

C.tourismblocksaboomingandusuallyillegaltradeintheproductsofthreatenedwildlife

D.tourisminevitablybringsitshabitsandexpectationstoits“consumers”

问题2选项

A.tourismcanstrengthenlocalcultures.

B.tourismcanencourageanawarenessoftraditionandtheceremoniesandfestivalsthatgowithit.

C.tourisminonewayoranother,changestradition,particularlyintheThirdWorld.

D.tourismcanpromotethegrowingworldwidemovementforlocalornationalself-determination.

问题3选项

A.theyfeelhappyforwhattheyalreadyhave

B.theydonotfeelhappyforwhattheyalreadyhave

C.theyfeelsickofthepeopleinthecommunity

D.theywanttoescapefromtheplacewheretheyliveandworkduetounhappiness

问题4选项

A.Peoplelivinginbigcitieshavefewerholidaysthanthosewholiveinsmalltowns.

B.Peoplelivinginsmalltownshavefewerholidaysthanthosewholiveinbigcities.

C.Peoplelivinginbigcitieshavemuchmorepressureofdailylifethanthosewholiveinsmalltowns.

D.Peoplelivinginsmalltownshavelesspressureofdailylifethanthosewholiveinbigcities.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:B

【解析】1.【试题解析】细节事实题。由A选项可以定位到文章中“Tourismhasseriouslydamagedfragileecosystems...”，中文翻译为：旅游业已经严重损害了脆弱的生态系统。可知A选项正确；文章中没有涉及B选项；由C选项“旅游业阻碍了濒危野生动物产品的繁荣和非法贸易”可以定位到文章中“Itfuelsaboomingandusuallyillegaltradeintheproductsofthreatenedwildlife...”，中文翻译为旅游业助长了贸易蓬勃发展，而通常是非法的贸易，可知C选项错误，与文章意思相反；根据原文“Its‘consumers’inevitablybringtheirhabitsandexpectationswiththem—whetherit’shotshowersandflushtoiletsorwell-wateredgreensforgolfers.”，中文翻译为：“消费者”不可避免地带来他们的习惯和期望——无论是热水淋浴和冲洗厕所或为高尔夫球手提供浇灌的绿地。可以得知D选项“旅游不可避免地给消费者带来其习惯和期望”是错误的。因此答案为A。

2.【试题解析】细节事实题。由C选项可以定位到文章“What’sundeniableisthattourism,inonewayoranother,changestradition,andformanypeople,particularlyintheThirdWorld,thatchangelooksandfeelslikedegradation.”，中文翻译为：不可否认的是，旅游业以这样或那样的方式改变传统，而且对许多人来说，尤其是在第三世界，这种改变看起来、感觉是退化。因此C选项“旅游业以这样或那样的方式改变传统，尤其是在第三世界”符合题意。

3.【试题解析】细节事实题。可以定位到文章第四段中“AccordingtoJostKrippendorf,theSwissacademicwhoisoneoftheleadingauthoritiesonmoderntourism,peopletravelbecause‘theynolongerfeelhappywheretheyare—wheretheywork,wheretheylive…’”，中文翻译为：现代旅游的主要权威者之一的瑞士学者JostKrippendorf称，人们旅行，因为“他们不再感到高兴——他们工作的地方，他们住的地方……”。可知D选项“由于不满，他们想逃离他们的生活和工作的地方”是正确的。

4.【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第四段中“It’struethatpeoplewithgardens,orthosewholiveinsmalltowns,takefewerholidaysthanapartment-blockresidentsorcitydwellers.”，中文翻译为：的确，住在带花园的地方或那些生活在小城镇的人们，比公寓的居民和城市居民更少去度假。可以推测出B选项“生活在小城镇的人比那些生活在大城市的人有更少的假期”正确。

8.单选题

OurculturehascausedmostAmericanstoassumenotonlythatourlanguageisuniversalbutthatthegesturesweuseareunderstoodbyeveryone.Wedonotrealizethatwavinggood-byeisthewaytosummonapersonfromthePhilippinestoone’sside,orthatinItalyandsomeLatin-Americancountries,curlingthefingertooneselfisasignoffarewell.

ThoseprivatecitizenswhosentpackagestoourtroopsoccupyingGermanyafterWorldWarIIandmarkedthemGIFTtoescapedutypaymentsdidnotbothertofindoutthat"Gift"meanspoisoninGerman.Moreover,weliketothinkofourselvesasfriendly,yetweprefertobeatleast3feetoranarm’slengthawayfromothers,LatinsandMiddleEasternersliketocomecloserandtouch,whichmakesAmericansuncomfortable.

Ourlinguisticandculturalblindnessandthecasualnesswithwhichwetakenoticeofthedevelopedtastes,gestures,customsandlanguagesofothercountries,arelosingusfriends,businessandrespectintheworld.

EvenhereintheUnitedStates,wemakefewconcessionstotheneedsofforeignvisitors.Therearenoinformationsignsinfourlanguagesonourpublic:buildingsormonuments,wedonothavemultilingualwaitersbankclerksandpolicemenarerare.OurtransportationsystemshavemapsinEnglishonlyandoftenweourselveshavedifficultyunderstandingthem.

Whenwegoabroad,wetendtoclusterinhotelsandrestaurantswhereEnglishisspoken.The,attitudesandinformationwepickupareconditionedbythosenatives-usuallythericher-whospeakEnglish.Ourbusinessdealings,aswellasthenation'sdiplomacy,areconductedthroughinterpreters.

Formanyyears,AmericaandAmericanscouldgetbywithculturalblindnessandlinguisticignorance.Afterall,Americawasthemostpowerfulcountryofthefreeworld,thedistributorofneededfundsandgoods.

Butallthatispast.Americandollarsnolongerbuyallgoodthings,andweare,slowlybeginningtorealizethatourproperroleintheworldischanging.A1979Harrispollreportedthat55percentofAmericanswantthiscountrytoplayamoresignificantroleinworldaffairs;wewanttohaveahandintheimportantdecisionsofthenextcentury,eventhoughitmaynotalwaysbetheupperhand.

1.ItcanbeinferredthatAmericansbeingapproachedtoocloselybyMiddleEasternerswouldmostprobably（

）.

2.TheauthorgivesmanyexamplestocriticizeAmericansfortheir（

）.

3.Americanpeopleignoreculturaldifferencesinothercountriesbecause（

）.

4.Accordingtotheauthor,Americanscultureblindnessandlinguisticignorancewill（

）.

5.Theauthor’sintentioninwritingthisarticleistomakeAmericansrealizethat（

）.

问题1选项

A.standstill

B.stepforward

C.jumpaside

D.drawback

问题2选项

A.culturalself-centeredness

B.indifferencetowardsforeignaffairs

C.casualmanners

D.arrogancetowardsothercultures

问题3选项

A.theycanafforditwithpowerfuleconomyandgreatwealth

B.theyareaggressivebynatureandproudoftheirownculture

C.peopleinotherculturesrespecttheAmericanculture

D.peopleinotherculturesareparticularlytolerant

问题4选项

A.affecttheirimageinthenewera

B.cutthemselvesofffromtheoutsideworld

C.limittheirroleinworldaffairs

D.weakenthepositionoftheUSdollars

问题5选项

A.itisdangeroustoignoretheirforeignfriends

B.itisimportanttomaintaintheirleadingroleinworldaffairs

C.itisnecessarytouseseverallanguagesinpublicplaces

D.itistimetogetacquaintedwithothercultures

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.文章第二段LatinsandMiddleEasternersliketocomecloserandtouch,whichmakesAmericansuncomfortable提到拉丁裔人和中东人喜欢靠得更近并且彼此接触，这让美国人感到不舒服，因此可以推测，当美国人遇上中东人这种靠近的行为会后退。选项D符合题意。

2.standstill“站着不动，静止不动”；stepforward“走出，向前进”；jumpaside“闪开”；drawback“后退”。文章中的例子主要是用来批判美国人对自己文化的过分自信，而对他国文化的忽视（linguisticandculturalblindnessandthecasualness）。选项A中的“文化自我中心”符合题意。

3.文章第六段Formanyyears,AmericaandAmericanscouldgetbywithculturalblindnessandlinguisticignorance.Afterall,Americawasthemostpowerfulcountryofthefreeworld,thedistributorofneededfundsandgoods.提到美国和美国人的文化愚昧和语言无知能够维系是因为美国是世界上最强的国家，是资金和物资的提供者。由此可知，美国人之所以这样文化自信，忽略他国文化，是因为本国的经济实力足够强大。选项A符合题意。

4.文章第三段Ourlinguisticandculturalblindnessandthecasualnesswithwhichwetakenoticeofthedevelopedtastes,gestures,customsandlanguagesofothercountries,arelosingusfriends,businessandrespectintheworld提到由于语言和文化的无知和看到他国的品味、姿势、习俗和语言等的态度，使得美国正在世界中失去朋友、生意和尊重。选项C符合题意。

5.文章提到了美国对他国文化的盲目和无知导致他们会在生活上失去伙伴，会影响美国在世界事务中的地位，因此，熟悉他国的文化非常有必要。选项D符合题意。

9.单选题

Lackofexerciseaswellasunhealthydietaryhabitscanincreasetheriskof（）.

问题1选项

A.mobility

B.morality

C.maturity

D.mortality

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项mobility“移动性”；B选项morality“道德、品性”；C选项maturity“成熟、到期”；D选项mortality“死亡率”，句意为：缺乏锻炼以及不健康的饮食习惯会增加死亡的风险。因此选项D符合题意。

10.单选题

Thefactthatthegoldeneagleusuallybuildsitsnestonsomehighcliffs（

）italmostimpossibletoobtaintheeggsortheyoungbirds.

问题1选项

A.renders

B.reckons

C.regards

D.relates

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项render“致使”；B选项reckon“计算；认为，把……看作”；C选项regard“看待，认为”；D选项relate“有联系，连接”。句意：金雕通常将巢筑在高高的悬崖上，这一事实使得获取鸟蛋或小鸟几乎不可能。结合句意，可知A选项正确。

11.单选题

Byturningthisknobtotherightyoucan____thesoundfromtheradio.

问题1选项

A.intensify

B.amplify

C.enlarge

D.reinforce

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.intensify（使）加强；增强；加剧B.amplify放大；增强（声音等）

C.enlarge扩大；扩充D.reinforce加固

【答案】B

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】句意：把这个旋钮向右转，你就可以……收音机的声音。对比选项，此处应该是放大收音机的声音。B选项指放大声音，符合语境，因此选B。

【干扰项排除】

A选项intensify“（使）加强；增强；加剧”，指在程度或深度上增强，而句中指的是放大声音，并不是增强声音，该选项不符合语境；

C选项enlarge“扩大；扩充”，指使……变大，该处强调放大声音，C选项并没有特指放大声音。而B选项强调声音的放大，对比选项，B选项更合适；

D选项reinforce“加固”，指使坚固，尤指通过添加另一种材料使结构或材料更坚固，该选项不符合语境。

【句意】把这个旋钮向右转，你就可以放大收音机的声音。

12.单选题

Present-dayphilosophersusuallyenvisiontheirdisciplineasanendeavorthathasbeen,sinceantiquity,distinctfromandsuperiortoanyparticularintellectualdiscipline,suchastheologyorscience.Suchphilosophicalconcernsasthemind-bodyproblemor,moregenerally,thenatureofhumanknowledgetheybelieve,arebasichumanquestionswhosetentativephilosophicalsolutionshaveservedasthenecessaryfoundationsonwhichallotherintellectualspeculationhasrested.

Thebasisforthisview,however,liesinaseriousmisinterpretationofthepast,aprojectionofmodernconcernsontopastevents.Theideaofanautonomousdisciplinecalled“philosophy,”distinctfromandsittinginjudgmentonsuchpursuitsastheologyandscienceturnsout,oncloseexamination,tobeofquiterecentorigin.When,intheseventeenthcentury,DescartesandHobbesrejectedmedievalphilosophy,theydidnotthinkofthemselves,asmodernphilosophersdo,asproposinganewandbetterphilosophy,butratherasfurthering“thewarfarebetweenscienceandtheology.”Theywerefighting,albeitdiscreetly,toopentheintellectualworldtothenewscienceandtoliberateintellectuallifefromecclesiasticalphilosophyandenvisionedtheirworkascontributingtothegrowth,notofphilosophy,butofresearchinmathematicsandphysics.Thislinkbetweenphilosophicalinterestsandscientificpracticepersisteduntilthenineteenthcentury,whendeclineinecclesiasticalpoweroverscholarshipandchangesinthenatureofscienceprovokedthefinalseparationofphilosophyfromboth.

Thedemarcationofphilosophyfromsciencewasfacilitatedbythedevelopmentintheearlynineteenthcenturyofanewnotion,thatphilosophy’scoreinterestshouldbeepistemology,thegeneralexplanationofwhatitmeanstoknowsomething.ModernphilosophersnowtracethatnotionbackatleasttoDescartesandSpinoza,butitwasnotexplicitlyarticulateduntilthelateeighteenthcentury,byKant,anddidnotbecomebuiltintothestructureofacademicinstitutionsandthestandardself-descriptionsofphilosophyprofessorsuntilthelatenineteenthcentury.Withouttheideaofepistemology,thesurvivalofphilosophyinanageofmodernscienceishardtoimagine.Metaphysics,philosophy’straditionalcore-consideredasthemostgeneraldescriptionofhowtheheavensandtheearthareputtogether-hadbeenrenderedalmostcompletelymeaninglessbythespectacularprogressofphysics.Kant,however,byfocusingphilosophyontheproblemofknowledge,managedtoreplacemetaphysicswithepistemology,andthustotransformthenotionofphilosophyas“queenofsciences”intothenewnotionofphilosophyasaseparate,foundationaldiscipline.Philosophybecame“primary”nolongerinthesenseof“highest”butinthesenseof“underlying”.AfterKant,philosopherswereabletoreinterpretseventeenth-andeighteenth-centurythinkersasattemptingtodiscover“Howisourknowledgepossible?”andtoprojectthisquestionbackevenontheancients.

31.Accordingtotheauthor,philosophybecamedistinctfromscienceandtheologyduringthe________.

32.TheauthorsuggeststhatDescartes’supportforthenewscienceoftheseventeenthcenturycanbecharacterizedas________.

33.Th