考研考博-英语-攀枝花学院考试押题卷含答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-攀枝花学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

These（）salespersonsofinsurancewillbeintroducedtorelevantregulationsandbusinessstrategies.

问题1选项

A.prospective

B.perspective

C.respective

D.protective

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项prospective“未来的、预期的”；B选项perspective“透视的”；C选项respective“分别的、各自的”；D选项protective“保护的”，句意为：本课程将向这些保险业务人员介绍相关法规和业务策略。因此A选项符合题意。

2.翻译题

Passage1

Severalpromisingdrugdevelopmentstrategiesareemerginginthefightagainsttuberculosis(TB),whichcontinuestoclaimnearlytwomillionlivesworldwideeachyear,largelyindevelopingcountries.AstheTBbacteriumevolvestoresistanti-TBdrugs,andpatientsfinditdifficulttosticktoexistingdrugregimesthesearchisonforbothnewdrugsandgooddiagnostics.Somepromisingdrugsareinearlyclinicaltrials,whichcouldreducethetimeneededtotreatTB—buttheoddsarestackedagainstthembecausefewerthantenpercentofantibioticsthatenterearlyclinicaltrialsevergainapproval.Butresearchesarefindingthatfieldsinvolvingthestudyofgenes,proteinsandmetabolismofferthepotentialtounlocknewinformationaboutthebacteriumanditsinteractionswithpeopleinunprecedenteddetail.

Passage2

AsfarasWeb2.0isconcerned,biggerisdefinitelybetter.Biggertext,thatis.Largetextiseasyontheeye,andcoupledwithsnappycopywritingmakesinformationeasytoabsorb.ThelayoutofWeb2.0sitesmightbedescribedasminimal.Withafocusonlegibilityandeaseofuse,gooduseismadeofwhitespace.Whitespaceallowsimportantinformationtostandapart,providesrestfortheeye,andimpartsasenseofcalmandorder.Generousleadingalsomakestextcopyeasierfortheeyetofollow.SomeWeb2.0layoutsaresominimalthattheyvergeonboring,butdesignedwell,anunclutteredpagecanbeincrediblytasteful.Friendly,informalcopywritingallowsamorepersonalrelationshipwithwebsitevisitors.

Passage3

Theprojectmanagementteammustbecarefulnottoconfusequalitywithgrade.Lowqualityisalwaysaproblem;lowgrademaynotbe.Determininganddeliveringtherequiredlevelsofbothqualityandgradearetheresponsibilitiesoftheprojectmanagerandtheprojectmanagementteam.Inaddition,qualityimprovementinitiativesundertakenbytheperformingorganizationcanimprovethequalityoftheprojectmanagementaswellasthequalityoftheprojectproduct.However,thereisanimportantdifferencethattheprojectmanagementteammustbeacutelyawareof—thetemporarynatureoftheprojectmeansthatinvestmentsinproductqualityimprovement,especiallydefectpreventionandappraisal,mustoftenbebornebytheperformingorganizationsincetheprojectmaynotlastlongenoughtoreaptherewards.

ChooseONLYONEtextfromthefollowingpassagesandtranslateitintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheAnswerSheetprovided.IfmorethanONEtranslationappearsontheAnswerSheet,onlythefirstortheindicatedonewouldbescored

【答案】Passage1

在反击结核病的战争中,几种有前景的药物开发策略正在出现。结核病如今每年仍在夺去将近两百万人的生命,其中大多发生在发展中国家。随着结核分枝杆菌进化成可以耐受抗结核药物,而患者感到很难接受现有的药物治疗框架,科学家正在寻找新药和好的诊断方法。一些有前景的药物正在进行早期临床试验,这可能缩短结核病治疗时间,但是他们面临的情况不利,因为只有不到10%的进入早期临床试验阶段的抗生素获得了批准。但研究人员发现,研究基因、蛋白质和代谢的领域提供了破解关于这种细菌及其与人类相互作用的空前详细的新信息的潜力。

Passage2

对于Web2.0来讲,越大肯定是越好。大的文字就是,大的文字看起来不累,配合流畅的文字内容使得信息容易被吸收。Web2.0网站的排版布局（难度）可说是微乎其微。利用好空白可以使重点突出,易读,易用。空白能让重要信息凸显,让眼睛得以休息,并给予一种安定和秩序的感觉。宽松的行间距也让视线易于跟随文本流动。一些Web2.0网站的布局简单到令人感到无聊的地步,但若设计上出色的话,一个四平八稳的页面也能成为绝顶的美味大餐。友好、活泼的行文方式会使作者与访问者建立更多良好的关系。

Passage3

项目管理队伍必须注意不能将质量与等级混淆。质量低常成为一个问题,但等级低则不是。确定和传达所需的质量及等级水平是项目经理和项目管理队伍的责任。另外,执行组织主动采取质量改进不仅能提高项目管理的质量,也可提高项目产品质量。但是,项目管理队伍必须清楚知道一个重要的区别一项目的临时性意味着对产品质量改进的投资,特别是缺陷的预防和评估,必须由执行组织承担,因为项目可能不会持续到获得回报的时候。

3.单选题

Forhundredsofmillionsofyears,turtleshavestruggledoutoftheseatolaytheireggsonsandybeaches,longbeforetherewerenaturedocumentariestocelebratethem,orGPSsatellitesandmarinebiologiststotrackthem,orvolunteerstohand-carrythehatchlingsdowntothewater’sedgelesttheybecomedisorientedbyheadlightsandcrawltowardsamotelparkinglotinstead.AformidablewallofbureaucracyhasbeenerectedtoprotecttheirprimenestingontheAtlanticcoastlines.Withallthatattentionpaidtothem,you’dthinkthesecreatureswouldatleasthavethegratitudenottogoextinct.

ButNatureisindifferenttohumannotionsoffairness,andareportbytheFishandWildlifeServiceshowedaworrisomedropinthepopulationsofseveralspeciesofNorthAtlanticturtles,notablyloggerheads,whichcangrowtoasmuchas400pounds.TheSouthFloridanestingpopulation,thelargest,hasdeclinedby50%inthelastdecade,accordingtoElizabethGriffin,amarinebiologistwiththeenvironmentalgroupOceana.ThefigurespromptedOceanatopetitionthegovernmenttoupgradethelevelofprotectionfortheNorthAtlanticloggerheadsfrom“threatened”to“endangered”—meaningtheyareindangerofdisappearingwithoutadditionalhelp.

Theobviousquestion:whatelsedotheseturtleswantfromus,anyway?Itturnsout,accordingtoGriffin,thatwhilewehavedoneagoodjobofprotectingtheturtlesfortheweekstheyspendonland(asegg-layingfemales,aseggsandashatchlings),wehaveneglectedtheyearsspendintheocean.“Thethreatisfromcommercialfishing,”saysGriffin.Trawlers(whichdraglargenetsthroughthewaterandalongtheoceanfloor)andlonglinefishers(whichcandeploythousandsofhooksonlinesthatcanstretchformiles)takeaheavytollonturtles.

Ofcourse,likeeveryotherenvironmentalissuetoday,thisisplayingoutagainstthebackgroundofglobalwarmingandhumaninterferencewithnaturalecosystems.Thenarrowstripsofbeachonwhichtheturtleslaytheireggsarebeingsqueezedononesidebydevelopmentandontheotherbythethreatofrisingsealevelsastheoceanswarm.Ultimatelywemustgetahandleonthoseissuesaswell,oracreaturethatoutlivedthedinosaurswillmeetitsendatthehandsofhumans,leavingourdescendantstowonderhowcreaturesouglycouldhavewonsomuchaffection.

1.Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthat（）.

2.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“Natureisindifferenttohumannotionsoffairness"(Line1，Para.2)?

3.WhatconstitutesamajorthreattothesurvivalofturtlesaccordingtoElizabethGriffin?

4.Howdoesglobalwarmingaffectthesurvivalofturtles?

5.Thelastsentenceofthepassageismeantto（）.

问题1选项

A.humanactivitieshavechangedthewayturtlessurvive

B.effortshavebeenmadetoprotectturtlesfromdyingout

C.governmentbureaucracyhascontributedtoturtles,extinction

D.marinebiologistsarelookingforthesecretofturtles’reproduction

问题2选项

A.Natureisquitefairregardingthesurvivalofturtles.

B.Turtlesarebynatureindifferenttohumanactivities.

C.Thecourseofnaturewillnotbechangedbyhumaninterference.

D.Theturtlepopulationhasdecreasedinspiteofhumanprotection.

问题3选项

A.Theirinadequatefoodsupply.

B.Unregulatedcommercialfishing.

C.Theirlowerreproductionability.

D.Contaminationofseawater.

问题4选项

A.Itthreatensthesandybeachesonwhichtheylayeggs.

B.Thechangingclimatemakesitdifficultfortheireggstohatch.

C.Therisingsealevelsmakeitharderfortheirhatchlingstogrow.

D.Ittakesthemlongertoadapttothehighbeachtemperature.

问题5选项

A.persuadehumanbeingstoshowmoreaffectionforturtles

B.stressthateventhemostuglyspeciesshouldbeprotected

C.callforeffectivemeasurestoensureseaturtles’survival

D.warnourdescendantsabouttheextinctionofspecies

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段中“AformidablewallofbureaucracyhasbeenerectedtoprotecttheirprimenestingontheAtlanticcoastlines.”，中文翻译为：一堵令人生畏的官僚主义墙已经竖起来保护它们在大西洋海岸线上的主要筑巢地。B选项“已经做出保护海龟免于灭绝的努力”符合题意。

2.【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到原文第二段“…areportbytheFishandWildlifeServiceshowedaworrisomedropinthepopulationsofseveralspeciesofNorthAtlanticturtles...”，中文翻译为：一份由鱼类与野生生物服务局提供的报道显示，几种北大西洋海龟的数量出现了令人担忧的下降。以及参考第一段“AformidablewallofbureaucracyhasbeenerectedtoprotecttheirprimenestingontheAtlanticcoastlines.”，中文翻译为：一堵令人生畏的官僚主义墙已经竖起来保护它们在大西洋海岸线上的主要筑巢地。因此，D项正确，译为“尽管人类的保护，但是海龟的数量已减少”。

3.【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干可以定位到原文第三段“Trawlers(whichdraglargenetsthroughthewaterandalongtheoceanfloor)andlonglinefishers(whichcandeploythousandsofhooksonlinesthatcanstretchformiles)takeaheavytollonturtles.”，中文翻译为：拖网渔船（其拖着巨大的网穿过海域和海底的）和多钩长线渔船（其能在延伸数英里的钓线上布置数以千计的钩子）让海龟遭受重创。可以推测出B选项正确，译为“未受管理的商业捕鱼”。

4.【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干关键词globalwarming可以定位到原文最后一段中“Thenarrowstripsofbeachonwhichtheturtleslaytheireggsarebeingsqueezedononesidebydevelopmentandontheotherbythethreatofrisingsealevelsastheoceanswarm.”，中文翻译为：海龟产卵的狭窄带状海滩地带，一方面正被发展所挤压，在另一方面受到海洋变暖所带来的海平面不断上升的威胁。可以得知A选项正确。

5.【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干可以定位到原文最后一段最后一句话“Ultimatelywemustgetahandleonthoseissuesaswell,oracreaturethatoutlivedthedinosaurswillmeetitsendatthehandsofhumans,leavingourdescendantstowonderhowcreaturesouglycouldhavewonsomuchaffection.”，中文翻译为：最后，我们必须也着手处理这些事情，否则一种比恐龙活得长的动物将会在人类的手中走向灭亡，从而让我们的后代去想知道如此丑陋的生物如何得到如此多的关爱。可以推测出C选项“呼吁采取有效的措施来确保海龟的生存”正确。

4.单选题

14.

问题1选项

A.Sheisseriouslyill.

B.Shehastolookafterherhusbandathome.

C.Shewillpersuadeherhusbandtogotohospital.

D.Shewillbetakengoodcareofbyhersisteranddaughter.

【答案】C

【解析】W:Oh,Icouldn'tpossiblydothat.Icouldn’ttellmyhusbandandanyway,who’dlookafterhim?

M:Icanunderstandyourconcerns.Ifyouknewthathewouldhavecomeheretoday,whatdoyouthinkhewouldsay?

W:He’dbesoworried.Hedoesn’tlikeitwhenanyoneissickandhehateshospitals.

M:Well,youmightalsothinkaboutwhatyouwouldsaytoyoursisteranddaughter?

Q:Whatcanbeinferredaboutthewoman?

【解析】女士说：Icouldn’ttellmyhusbandandanyway（我不知道怎么开口告诉他），He’dbesoworried.Hedoesn’tlikeitwhenanyoneissickandhehateshospitals（他平时就恨生病，也讨厌来医院），因此她一直焦虑如何说服丈夫来医院。

5.单选题

Asisknowntoall,（）wonderfulsenseofhumor.

问题1选项

A.Englishhas

B.theEnglishhas

C.theEnglishhave

D.theEnglishhad

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词用法。“the+形容词”结构用于表示性质或特征相同的一类人，则通常具有复数意义，如：Thericharenotalwayshappierthanthepoor.（富人不一定总比穷人幸福。），因此本题选C选项“theEnglishhave”，符合题意。句意：众所周知，英国人很有幽默感。综上所述，本题的正确答案是C选项。

6.单选题

Theyareworking（

）timetofulfillthetaskaccordingtotheschedule.

问题1选项

A.against

B.over

C.aheadof

D.before

【答案】A

【解析】workagainsttime为固定搭配，指抢时间完成工作，以全速工作。句意：他们正在争分夺秒地工作，以便按时完成任务。选项A符合句意。

7.单选题

Itisonlywhenyounearlylosesomeone（

）fullyconsciousofhowmuchyouvaluehim. 

问题1选项

A.doyoubecome

B.thenyoubecome

C.thatyoubecome

D.haveyoubecome

【答案】C

【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。本题结构为“Itis+强调部分+(that)其余部分…”强调句，这里强调的是时间状语onlywhenyounearlylosesomeone，剩余的部分是主句，结构不需要倒装。句意为：只有当你差点失去某个人，你才能充分认识到你是多么地在乎他。故选项C正确。

8.单选题

Inthe（）oftheprojectnotbeingasuccess,theinvestorsstandtoloseupto$30million.

问题1选项

A.face

B.time

C.course

D.event

【答案】D

【解析】句意:如果项目不成功，投资者损失将高达3000万美元。

考查短语辨析。inthefaceof面对;inthetimeof在时期；inthecourseof在……期间；在……过程中；intheeventof万一；如果。根据后面句意“投资者损失将高达3000万美元”可知D项正确。

9.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingpartintoChinese.

Insociallife,timeplaysaveryimportantpart.IntheU.S.A.Gueststendtofeeltheyarenothighlyregardediftheinvitationtoadinnerpartyisextendedonlythreeorfourdaysbeforethepartydate.Butitisnottrueinallcountries.Inotherareasoftheworlditmaybeconsideredfoolishtomakeanappointmenttoofarinadvancebecauseplanswhicharemadeforadatemorethanaweekawaytendtobeforgotten.Themeaningoftimediffersindifferentpartsoftheworld.Thus,misunderstandingsarisebetweenpeoplefromculturesthattreattimedifferently.

【答案】在社交生活中，时间扮演着重要的角色。在美国，如果客人在一个聚会的前3天或4天才收到邀请，他们就会觉得自己没有受到高度重视。但并不是所有国家都这样。在世界的其他地方，太早和别人约好时间被认为是愚蠢的，因为超过一个星期的提前预约很容易被人忘掉。时间在不同国家有不同的意义。因此，来自看待时间不同的文化的人之间会产生误会。

10.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingintoChinese.

Mostpeoplebenefitfrominternationaltrade,forthesamegeneralreasonsthatmostpeoplebenefitfromthedivisionoflaborwithinnationsandwithinlocalities.Byparticipatinginabroadercommunitywithinwhichindividualsandgroupssellwhattheycanproducewiththegreatest(comparative)efficiency,peoplecansecureafargreaterquantityandvarietyofgoodsthaneachindividualcouldpossiblyobtainifhehadtoproduceeveryonehimself.Thereare,ofcourse,manyinstanceswhenblockingorlimitingtradecanbringadvantagestoparticulargroupsattheexpenseofthebroadersociety.Butthemorethesegroupssucceedinenforcingsuchrestrictions,thelowerthestandardoflivingandtheslowerthepaceofeconomicgrowthforthecommunityasawhole.

Aswithcommunities,sotoowithnations.Specificinterestscangainfromimportrestrictionsandeconomictheoryevenrecognizescasesinwhichatradebarriermightleaveanentirenationbetteroffalbeitattheexpenseofothernations.Inmostcircumstances,however,opentrade--bymaximizingeconomicefficiency—enhancesthewelfareandthestandardoflivingofthenationandofthewiderworld.

【答案】大多数人从国际贸易中获益，这跟大多数人从国家内部和地方内部的分工中获益的原因大致相同。通过参与一个更广泛的社区，这个社区中个人与团体以最高的（相对）效率出售他们所能生产的产品，人们获得的商品数量与种类远远超过自己能生产的。当然，在很多情况下，组织或者限制贸易能够给某些特定群体带来好处，代价是整个社会的利益。但是，这些团体越是成功地执行这些限制，整个社区的生活水平就越低，经济增长的速度就越慢。

社区如此，国家也是如此。特定的利益能够从进口限制中获得，经济理论甚至承认，在某些情况下，贸易壁垒可能常会使国家经济变得更好，尽管是以别国利益为代价。然而，在大多情况下，开放贸易——通过最大化经济效率——提高国家和更广泛世界的福利和生活水平。

11.单选题

Thedrugstoreatthecornerofourstreetsellsaspirinsand（）penicillinprescriptions.

问题1选项

A.dispenses

B.disposes

C.disperses

D.dispatches

【答案】A

【解析】考查同形词义辨析。dispenses“分配；分发”；disposes“处理；安排”；disperses“分散；使散开”；dispatches“派遣；分派”，此句中and一词连接了两个动作，所以此处要填的动词应该与sells是对应的，按照常识，药店除了会卖药之外，也会分发一些药品，所以此处应该选择一个表示“分发”的动词。句意：在我们这条街街角处有一个药店售卖阿司匹林并且……青霉素的处方。因此可知A选项正确。

12.单选题

Gender-basedviolencebothreflectsandreinforcesinequitiesbetweenmenandwomenand（

）thehealth,dignity,securityandautonomyofitsvictims.

问题1选项

A.concedes

B.compromises

C.proliferates

D.augments

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项concede“承认；退让；给予”；B选项compromise“连累，使陷入危险；妥协；和解”；C选项proliferate“增殖；扩散”；D选项augment“增加；增大”。句意：基于性别的暴力既反映也加强了男女之间的不平等，也……受害者的健康、尊严、安全和自主权。联系句意可知本题选择B选项。

13.填空题

Animalbehaviorwasstudiedasadisciplineonitsown,andhumanbehaviorwasstudiedsimilarlyin

relativelyisolation.However,behavioraltraitsinanimalsandinhumansmayundercertain

circumstanceshaveprofoundeffectson

A

B

C

breedingpatternsandmateselection.

D

【答案】Brelatively改为relative

【解析】【考查点】定语。

【解题思路】在B部分中，isolation“孤立状态”是名词，应该用形容词作为定语修饰名词，所以此处应为relative“相比较而言的”。

【句意】动物行为是作为一门独立的学科来研究的，人类行为也是在相对孤立的环境中研究的。然而，在某些情况下，动物和人类的行为特征可能会对繁殖模式和配偶选择产生深远的影响。

14.单选题

Sincethe1970s,thesafetyofathleticequipmenthasbeenmonitoredbytheNationalOperatingCommitteeonStandardsforAthleticEquipment.

问题1选项

A.regulated

B.advocated

C.recalled

D.supervised

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。monitor表示“监控”；A项regulate“调节，规定，控制”，B项advocate“提倡，拥护，为……辩护”，C项recall“召回，回想起，记起”，D项supervise“监督，管理，指导”。句意：自20世纪70年代以来，运动器材的安全一直受到国家运动器材标准运行委员会的监控。因此，根据句意可知D选项正确。

15.单选题

9.

问题1选项

A.Toasklocalpeopleforhelp.

B.TodoasRomansdoonlywheninRome.

C.Trytoactlikethepeoplefromthatculture.

D.Staywithyourcountryfellow.

【答案】C

【解析】W:Mostpeoplefeelcultureshockwhentravelingtoaforeignculture.

M:That’sforsure.ButtheyshoulddoasRomansdo.

Q:Accordingtotheman,whatarepeoplesupposedtodowhentravelingtoaforeignculture?

【解析】固定词组。男士说：ButtheyshoulddoasRomansdo。doasRomansdo的含义是“入乡随俗”。

16.单选题

Mary’sdeparture______withTom’sreturn.

问题1选项

A.complied

B.retarded

C.coincided

D.collaborated

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项comply“遵守，顺从”，complywith表示“照做，遵守”；B项retard“延迟，组织，妨碍”；C项coincide“一致，符合，同时发生”，coincidewith表示“符合，与……相一致”；D项collaborate“合作，勾结”，collaboratewith表示“合作，通敌”。根据句子可知，departure“离开”和return“回来”都与时间有关，只有C项可以表达时间，所以符合句意。句意：玛丽的离开与汤姆的回来正好吻合。因此，该题选择C项正确。

17.单选题

Hesatthereswiggingbeerandsmoking.

问题1选项

A.sucking

B.lapping

C.Gulping

D.sipping

【答案】D

【解析】考查同义动词辨析。A选项sucking“吸，吮吸”；B选项lapping“舔，折叠”；C选项“狼吞虎咽地吃，大口地吸”；D选项sipping“啜饮”。句意：他坐在那里大口喝啤酒，抽烟。Swigging“大口喝，痛饮，畅饮”，D选项与该词意思最相近，因此D选项正确。

18.单选题

TransWorldAirlines(TWA)wascriticizedfortryingtocoverupthetruthratherthanpromptlynotifyingvictims’families.

问题1选项

A.briefly

B.quickly

C.accurately

D.earnestly

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.briefly简略地B.quickly迅速地

C.accurately准确地D.earnestly真诚地

【考查点】副词辨析

【解题思路】划线词是用来修饰“通知遇难者家属（notifyingvictims’families）”，根据句意，航空公司因没有这么做而受到批评。根据常识，发生空难后正确的做法应该是“迅速通知家属”。B选项“迅速地”符合原句逻辑。原文promptly“迅速地”。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项与原文不符。

【句意】环球航空公司（TWA）因试图掩盖真相而没有及时通知遇难者家属而受到批评。

19.单选题

Engines[A]usedinspaceshuttlesare[B]muchlargerand[C]morestrongthanthe[D]onesusedinthecars.

问题1选项

A.used

B.muchlarger

C.morestrong

D.ones

【答案】C

【解析】【考查点】比较级用法。

【解题思路】Strong的比较级是在其后面直接加er，所以要把morestrong改为stronger。该题选择C项。

【句意】航天飞机上使用的发动机比汽车上使用的要大得多，也更坚固。

20.单选题

（）yourinquires,weregrettoinformyouthatwecannothelpyouinthismatter.

问题1选项

A.Inrelationto

B.Inrequestto

C.Inresponseto

D.Inanswerto

【答案】C

【解析】句意:对于你的询问，我们遗憾地告诉你我们在这件事情上帮不了你。

考查短语辨析。inrelationto关于，涉及；inrequestto无此搭配；inresponseto响应，回答，对有反应（比较正式的表达方式）；inanswerto回答，应……要求（不正式的口语表达方式）。因此C符合句意。

21.单选题

Whenshesawthecloudsshewentbacktothehouseto（

）herumbrella.

问题1选项

A.carry

B.fetch

C.bring

D.reach

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项carry“拿，运送，携带”，指一般的搬运，多指用人力；B选项fetch“（去）拿来，（去）请来”，指说话人离开说话处，去别处把某人或某物带来；C选项bring“带来，引来”，从别处拿某物到说话人处，由远及近；D选项reach“到达”。根据选项的意思及句意可知选B。句意：当她看到了乌云的时候，她回到房子里去拿她的雨伞。

22.单选题

Ourserviceoperates36librariesthroughoutthecountrywhilesix

librariesspeciallyservethecountryside.

问题1选项

A.shifting

B.drifting

C.rotating

D.mobile

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。shifting“不断移动的”；drifting“漂移的”；rotating“旋转的”；mobile“可移动的”。句意：全国有36个图书馆，有6个移动图书馆专门为农村服务。选项D符合题意。

23.单选题

AfterwinningtheChampionshiptheteammembers__________theheadcoachtotheirshouldersinshoutingtriumph.

问题1选项

A.tilted

B.hoisted

C.hauled

D.accompanied

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项“titled”，意为“授予……称号，加标题于”，B选项“hoisted”，意为“提起，升起”，C选项“hauled”，意为“拖，拉”，D选项“accompanied”，意为“陪伴，伴随”。句意：赢得冠军后，队员们把主教练举到肩膀上欢呼胜利。因此，B选项符合句意。

24.单选题

TheSmithswentintothedepartmentstoretobuythings,leavingtheircar’sengine（）over.

问题1选项

A.ticking

B.tumbling

C.turning

D.running

【答案】C

【解析】tickover进展缓慢；tumbleover打翻；turnover发动；runover复查。句意：史密斯一家到百货公司购物，没有关掉车的引擎。也就是说车的引擎还发动着，选项C符合句意。

25.单选题

What,canrigid,coldcalculatingmathematicspossiblyhaveincommonwithsubtle,creative,lofty,imaginativeart?Thisquestionfaithfullymirrorsthestateofmindofmostpeople,evenofmosteducatedpeople,whentheyregardthenumbersandsymbolsthatpopulatetheworldofmathematics.Butthegreatleadersofmathematicsthoughthavefrequentlyandrepeatedlyassertedthattheobjectoftheirpursuitisjustasmuchanartasitisascience,andperhapsevenfineart.MaximeBocher,eminentmathematicianlivingatthebeginningoflastcentury,wrote,“Iliketolookatmathematicsalmostmoreasanartthanasascience;fortheactivityofthemathematician,constantlycreatingasheis,guidedalthoughnotcontrolledbytheexternalworldofthesenses,bearsaresemblance,notfanciful,Ibelieve,butreal,totheactivitiesoftheartist—ofapainter,letussay.Rigorousdeductivereasoningonthepartofthemathematicianmaybelikenedheretothetechnicalskillindrawingonthepartofthepainter.Justasonecannotbecomeapainterwithoutacertainamountofskill,sonoonecanbecomeamathematicianwithoutthepowertoreasonaccuratelyuptoacertainpoint.

“Yetthesequalities,fundamentalthoughtheyare,donotmakeapainteroramathematicianworthyofthename,norindeedaretheythemostimportantfactorsinthecase.Otherqualitiesofafarmoresubtlesort,chiefamongwhichinbothcasesisimagination,gointothemakingofagoodartistoragoodmathematician.”

Ifmathematicswantstolayclaimtobeinganart,however,itmustshowthatitpossessesandmakesuseofatleastsomeoftheelementsthatgotomakeupthethingsofbeauty.Isnotimagination,creativeimagination,themostessentialelementofanart?Letustakeageometricobject,suchasthecircle.Totheordinaryman,thisistherimofawheel,perhapswithspokesinit.Elementarygeometryhascrowdedthissimplefigurewithradii(半径),chords,sectors,tangents(切线),diameters,inscribedandcircumscribedpolygons,andsoon.

Hereyouhavealreadyanentiregeometricalworldcreatedfromaveryrudimentarybeginning.Theseandothermiraclesareundeniableproofofthecreativepowerofthemathematician;and,asifthiswerenotenough,themathematicianallowsthewholecircleto“vanish”,declaresittobeimaginary,thenkeepsontoyingwithhisnewcreationinmuchthesamewayandwithmuchthesamegusto(爱好，兴趣)ashedidwiththeinnocentlittlethingyouallowedhimtostartoutwith.Andallthis,rememberplease,isjustelementaryplanegeometry.Truly,thecreativeimaginationdisplayedbythemathematicianhasnowherebeenexceeded,norevenparalleled,andIwouldmakeboldtosay,notevencloselyapproachedanywhereelse.

Inmanywaysmathematicsexhibitsthesameelementsofbeautythataregenerallyacknowledgedtobetheessenceofpoetry.First,letusconsideraminorpoint:thepoetarrangeshiswritingsonthepageinverse.Hispoemfirstappealstotheeyebeforeitreachestheearorthemind;andsimilarly,themathematicianlinesuphisformulasandequationssothattheirformmaymakeanaestheticimpression.Somemathematiciansaregiventothisloveofarrangingandexhibitingtheirequationstoadegreethatbordersonafault.Trigonometry,abranchofelementarymathematicsparticularlyrichinformulas,offerssomecuriousgroupsofthem,curiousintheirsymmetryandtheirarrangement.

Thesuperiorityofpoetryoverotherformsofverbalexpressionliesfirstinthesymbolismusedinpoetry,andsecondlyinitsextremecondensationandeconomyofwords.Takeapoemofuniversallyacknowledgedmerit,sayShelley’spoem“ToNight”.Hereisthesecondstanza:Wrapthyforminamantlegray,star-inwrought!BlindwiththineheirtheeyesofDay;Kissheruntilshebeweariedout;Thenwanderourcity,andsea,andland;touchingallwiththineopiatewand—Come,long-sought!

Takenliterally,allthisis,ofcourse,sheernonsenseandnothingelse.Nighthasnohair,nightdoesnotwearanyclothes,andnightisnotanillicitpeddlerornarcotics.Butisthereanybodybalmyenoughtotakethewordsofthepoetliterally?Thewordshereareonlycomparisons,onlysymbols.Forthesakeofcondensationthepoetdoesn’tbotherstatingthathissymbolsmeansuchandsuch,butgoesontotreatthemasiftheywererealities.

Themathematiciandoesthesethingspreciselyasthepoetdoes.Takenumbers,forexample,theveryideaofwhichisanabstraction,orsymbol.Whenyouwritethefigure3,youhavecreatedasymbolforasymbol,andwhenyousayinalgebrathataisanumber,youhavecondensedallthesymbolsforallthenumbersintooneall-embracingsymbol.These,likeothermathematicalsymbols,andlikethepoets’symbols,areacondensed,concentratedwayofstatingalongandrathercomplicatedchainofsimplegeometrical,algebraic,ornumericalrelations.

1.Thesimilaritybetweentheactivitiesofmathematiciansandthoseofartistsis____.

2.Inthewriter’sopinion,whatisthemostfundamentalelementthatmakesagoodartistormathematician?

3.Inwhatwaydomathematiciansexhibitthesameelementsofbeautyaspoet?

4.Poetryissuperiortootherformsofexpressionforits____.

5.Justlikepoets,mathematiciansmayuse____.

问题1选项

A.botharecontrolledbytheexternalworld

B.bothresemblethesensesoftheworld

C.botharenotfancifulbutreal

D.bothinvolveconstantcreating

问题2选项

A.Numericalskills.

B.Creation.

C.Imagination.

D.Senseofbeauty.

问题3选项

A.Mathematicians,lovetoarrangetheirformulasandequationssothattheytakeabeautifulform.

B.Mathematicianswouldliketosparenoefforttomaketheirproofselegant.

C.Mathematiciansseldomarrangetheirformulasandequationsinsymmetry.

D.Mathematiciansliketoarrangetheirformulasinverse.

问题4选项

A.unusualdiction

B.imaginativeexpression

C.symbolism,condensationandeconomyofwords

D.condensationandimaginativediction

问题5选项

A.numberstosignifybeauty

B.symbolsforthesakeofcomparison

C.poemsasakindofsymbols

D.symbolsforthesakeofcondensationandconcentration

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:【选项释义】

Thesimilaritybetweentheactivitiesofmathematiciansandthoseofartistsis____.数学家的活动和艺术家的活动之间的相似之处是____。

A.botharecontrolledbytheexternalworldA.两者都受外部世界的控制

B.bothresemblethesensesoftheworldB.两者都类似于世界的感觉

C.botharenotfancifulbutrealC.两者都不是幻想的，而是真实的

D.bothinvolveconstantcreatingD.两者都涉及到不断创造

【答案】D

【考查点】事实细节题

【解题思路】根据题干关键词similarity和theactivitiesofmathematiciansandthoseofartists定位到原文第1段第4句，后半句提到“数学家的活动（theactivityofthemathematician），虽然不受外部感官世界的控制，却需要不断地创造（constantlycreating），这与艺术家的活动（totheactivitiesoftheartist），比如说画家的活动，有相似之处（bearsaresemblance），我相信这不是幻想的，而是真实的。”由此可知，数学家的活动和艺术家的活动之间的相似之处在于两者都需要不断创造。因此，D选项“两者都涉及到不断创造”符合原文。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“两者都受外部世界的控制”，原文提到数学家的活动“不受外部感官世界的控制（notcontrolledbytheexternalworldofthesenses）”，该选项表述错误；

B选项“两者都类似于世界的感觉”，原文只提到了“外部感官世界（theexternalworldofthesenses）”，并没有提到所谓“世界的感觉（thesensesoftheworld）”，该选项属于偷换概念；

C选项“两者都不是幻想的，而是真实的”，原文作者是说数学家与艺术家之间的相似性不是幻想的而是真实的，并不是说数学家和艺术家的活动，该选项属于曲解原文。

第2题:【选项释义】

Inthewriter’sopinion,whatisthemostfundamentalelementthatmakesagoodartistormathematician?在作者看来，成为一名优秀的艺术家或数学家最重要的要素是什么？

A.Numericalskills.A.数学技巧。

B.Creation.B.创造力。

C.Imagination.C.想象力。

D.Senseofbeauty.D.美感。

【答案】C

【考查点】事实细节题

【解题思路】根据题干关键词makesagoodartistormathematician定位到原文第2段。本段最后一句提到“还有一些更微妙的品质，其中最主要的就是想象力（chiefamongwhichinbothcasesisimagination），这些品质有助于成为优秀的艺术家或数学家（themakingofagoodartistoragoodmathematician）。”由此可知，作者认为成为一名优秀的艺术家或