2023年英语三级真题加解析

北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试(A)2023.11.06PartI ReadingComprehension (30%)Directions:Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.Passage1Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Archaeology,likemanyacademicwords,comesfromGreekandmeans,moreorless“thestudyofoldthings.So,itisreallyapartofthestudyofhistor.most historians use paper evidence, such as letters, paintings andphotographs，butarchaeologists考古学家)learnfromtheobjectsleftbehindbythehumansoflongago.Normally,thesearethehardmaterialsthatdon”tbreakdownordisappearveryquickly—thingslikehumanbonesandobjectsmadefromstoneandmetal.Itisveryunusualtofindanythingmorethanthehardevidenceofhistory--normally,thebacteria(细菌)intheaireatawayatsoftmaterials,likebodies,clothesandthingsmadeofwood.Occasionally,thingsaredifferent.In1984,twomenmadeanamazingdiscoverywhileworkinginabogcalledLindowMoss,inthenorthofEngland.Abogisaverywetareaofearth,withalotofplantsgrowinginit.Itcanbelikeaverybigandverythickvegetablesoup—walkinthewrongplaceandyoucansinkanddisappearforever.Themenwereworkingwhenoneofthemsawsomethingstickingout—ahumanfoot!Naturally,themencalledthepolice，whothenfoundtherestofthebody.Wasitacaseofmurder?Possibly--butitwasadeathnearlytwothousandyearsold.ThetwomenhadfoundabodyfromthetimeoftheRomaninvasionofBritain.Despitebeingsoold,thisbodyhadskin,muscles,hairandinternalorgans—thescientistswhoexaminedhimwereabletolookinsidetheman”sstomachandfindthefoodthathehadeatenforhislastmeal!Whywasthismansowellpreserved?(76)Itwasbecausehewasinaverywateryenvironment,safefi:omthebacteriathatneedoxygentolive.由于他被置于相当潮湿多水的环境，需要氧气才能生存的细菌无法侵害到他。Also,thewaterinthebogwasveryacidic.Theacidpreservedtheman”sskininthewaythatanimalskinispreservedforleathercoatsandshoes.Howdidhedie?Understandably,archaeologistsandotherscientistswantedtoknowmoreaboutthepersonthattheycalled,“LindowMan”.(77)Hishandsandfingernailssuggestedthathehadn”tdoneheavymanualworkinhislife—hecouldhavebeenarichman.77.他的手和指甲显示：他一生中没有从事过繁重的手工劳动，他很有可能是个有钱人。Theyfoundthathehadn”tdiedbyaccident.Thearchaeologistsbelievethathewassacrificedtothreedifferentgods.Whichlanguagedoestheword“archaeology”comefrom?French. B.Greek.C.Roman.D.German.139Theword“these”inthefirstparagraphrefersto .letters B.photographs C.paintings D.objectsWhichofthefollowinghelpedtopreserve“LindowMan”?、四段IceandIowtemperature. B.Bacteriaandoxygen.C.Soilandenergy. D.Acidandwater.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?“LindowMan”wasnamedafterthepersonwhofirstfoundhim.Historiansusuallyusepaperevidence,whilearchaeologistsusehardevidence.archaeologists“LindowMan”wasfoundbytwoarchaeologists段“LindowMan”wasgoodatmanualwork.

inthesouthof Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?WhatIsArchaeology?ArchaeologyandHistoryAnAmazingArchaeologicalDiscoveryTheDeathof“LindowMan”Passage2Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Thecityhasalwaysbeenanengineofintellectuallife,fromthe18th-centurycafesofLondon,wherecitizensgatheredtodiscusschemistryandpolitics,totheLeftBankbarsofmodernParis,wherePicassotalkedaboutmodemart.Withoutthemetropolis,wemightnothavehadthegreatartofShakespeare.Andyet,citylifeisn”teasy.Nowscientistshavebeguntoexaminehowthecityaffects thebrain, and the results are depressing. Just being inan urbanenvironment,theyhavefound,impairs(损害)ourbasicmentalprocesses.(78)Afterspendingafewminutesonacrowdedcitystreet,thebrainislessabletoholdthingsinmemory,andsuffersfromreducedself-control.78. 在熙熙攘攘的城市街道上呆几分钟，大脑的记忆力就会下降，自制力也会有所减弱。thatcitylifeisexhausting,thisnewresearchsuggeststhatcitiesactuallydullourthinking,sometimesdramaticallyso.Oneofthe mainforcesatwork isacomplete lackof nature,whichissurprisinglybeneficialforthebrain.Studieshavedemonstrated,forinstance,thathospitalpatientsrecovermorequicklywhentheycanseetreesfromtheirwindows,andthatwomenlivinginpublichousingarebetterabletofocuswhentheirapartmentsoverlookalawn.Eventheseglimpsesofnatureimprovebrainperformance,itseems,becausetheyprovideamentalbreakfromtheurbanlife.Thisresearcharrivesjustashumanscrossanimportantmilestone(里程碑).For,Insteadof5.inhabitingwide-openspaces,we”recrowdedintoconcretejungles,surroundedbytrafficandmillionsofStrangers生疏人.Inrecentyears,it”sbecomeclearthatsuchunnaturalsurroundingshaveimportantimplicationsforourmentalandphysicalhealth,andcanpowerfullyalterhowwethink.5.research争论成果isalsoleadingsomescientiststodabble(涉足)inurban140design,astheylookforwaystomakethecitylessdamagingtothebrain.(79)Thedesign,astheylookforwaystomakethecitylessdamagingtothebrain.(79)Thegoodnewsisthatevenslightalterations,suchasplantingmoretreesintheinnercityorcreatingurbanparkswithagreatervarietyofplants,cansignificantlyreducethenegativesideeffectsofcitylife好消息就在于即使是微小的转变如在城市中种一些树并创立更多种有多种植物的城市花园都可以大幅度的削减城市生活对我们的负面作用.Themindneedsnature,andevenalittlebitcanbeabighelp.6.Whichofthefollowingisthemainideaofthispassage?Thecityinspirestalentedpeople.Thecityhurtsyourbrain.Thecityhasmanypleasuresandbenefits.Thecityseriouslyaffectsthenaturalbalance.Theword“metropolis”inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto .citizen B.nature C.city D.stressjustcometorealize刚刚意式到that .humanattentionisa scarce resourcecitylifecanmakepeopleverytiredthecityisanengineofintellectuallifeanurbanenvironmentisdamagingtothebrainWhatisthefactormentionedinthethirdparagraphthathelpsthehospitalpatientsrecovermorequickly?Nature. B.Bettertreatment.C.Experienceddoctors. D.Goodmedicine.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?方面)ofanurbanenvironment,suchasthecrowdedstreets,canleadtoanincreaseinself-control.Smallchangesinurbandesign,cannotreducethenegativesideeffectsofcitylife.Forthefirsttimeinhistory,theearth”spopulationismoreurbanthanrural.Awalkdownabusycitystreetwillimprovebrainperformance.Passage3Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Breastfeeding(母乳喂养)foramonthorlongerappearstoreduceawoman”sriskofgettingdiabetes(糖病)laterinlife,accordingtoanewstudy.Thebreastfeedinganddiabeteslinkhasbeenreportedinotherstudies,accordingtoresearcherEleanorSchwarz.Yet,herstudymakesthelinkeasiertobelieve.HerstudyispublishedinajournalofmedicineinAmerica.Schwarzandhercolleagueslookedatdataaboutbreastfeedingpractices.Theyevaluateddataon2,233womenf~omCalifomia.Ofthose,405werenotmothers,1,125weremotherswhobreastfedforatleastamonth,and703weremotherswhohadneverbreastfed.Theywere40to78yearsold.AccordingtoSchwarz”sstudy,theriskofgettingadiagnosis(诊断ofType2diabetesforwomenwhobreastfedalltheirchildrenforamonthorlongerwassimilartothatofwomenwhohadnotgivenbirth.Butmotherswhohadneverbreastfedwere141aslikelytodevelopdiabetesaswomenwhohadnevergivenbirth.Motherswhoneverbreastfedwereabout1.4timesaslikelytodevelopdiabetesaswomenwhobreastfedforonetothreemonths,Schwarzfound.Whileonemonthofbreastfeedingappearstomakeadifference,Schwarzsays,evenlongerisbetter.(80)“Previousstudieshaveshownthelongerthemombreastfeeds,themorebenefitforherbody.间越长，对她本人的身体越有利”Manyexpertsrecommendbreastfeedingforsixmonthsandcontinuingforayear,shesays.Thediabetes-breastfeedinglinkisprobablyexplainedbybellyfat.Mothers,whodon”tbreastfeed,astheygetolder,mayhavemorebellyfat,asbreastfeedinghelpsnewoffweight.“Bellyfatincreasestheriskofdiabetesasyougetolder,”shesays.Thefindingisn”tsurprisingatall,saysKimberlyGregory.Sheoftengivesadvicetowomenwhogetdiabetes(occurringduringpregnancy(怀孕))thattheyareatriskforlatergettingType2diabetesandsuggeststheybreastfeed.ThenewfindingswillprobablyinspireGregorytoaddtothe-adviceshegivesmoms-to-beaboutthebenefitsofbreastfeeding.Sheoftenfocusesonthebenefitstothebaby.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?Abouttwothousandandtwohundredoldwomentookpartinthestudy.EleanorSchwarz”sresearchprogramwasaboutmenandwomen whosufferedfromdiabetes.Overonefifthsofthewomennevergotmarried.EleanorSchwarz”sresultsseemmorereliable.AccordingtoSchwarz”sfindings,whoaremorelikelytogetdiabeteslaterinlife?Thosemotherswhohadneverbreastfed.Thosemotherswhonevergavebirth.Thosemotherswhobreastfedforamonth.Thosemotherswhobreastfedforsixmonths.notWhichofthefollowingstatementswouldSchwarzagreewith?notBreastfeedingisshape.

advisablebecauseitisnotgoodforamomtokeepagoodallBreastfeedingcangreatlyreduceamother”schancesofgettingseriousdisease.all

kindsofBreastfeedingforamonthishighlyrecommended:thelonger,thebetter.Breastfeedingforamonthorlongermakesbabiessmarter.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“moms-to-be准妈妈”inthelastparagraph?Womenwhoarepregnant,especiallyforthefirsttime.Womenwhodreamofhavingbabiesforthefirsttime.Womenwhoalreadyhavechildren.Womenwhohavejustgotbabiesforthefirsttime.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage?BreasffeedingMayEnhanceBabies”ChancesofSurvivalBreasffeedingMayLowerMoms”DiabetesRiskBreasffeedingMayBecomeVeryFashioaableinNearFuture142BreasffeedingMayHelpWomenLoseWeightPartⅡVocabularyandStructure(30%)Directions:Inthispartthereare30incompletesentences.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenblackentheCorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.句，在动词的后面〕that B.which C.what D.whoseLastweekIwrotetothehoteltobookaroom,butthey yet.〔lastweek过去式，but后面前后全都〕didn”tanswer B.wasn”tansweringC.hadn”tanswered D.haven”tansweredDianafeltverymuchupsetat tothepartyasshehadlongedtogoforalongtime.〔at是介词，后面必是动名词；not确定放在最前面〕havingnotbeeninvited B.nothavingbeeninvitedC.nottobeinvited D.tobenotinvitedOnnoaccount heldresponsibleforthecaraccident,soheshouldnotbeputintoprison.〔倒装〕thedrivercanbe B.canthedriverbeC.thedriverbe D.bethedriverAllthekidsarecryingnow.What makesthemsounhappy?〔强调句的特别疑问句形式：whatisitthat到底是谁〕itis B.isit C.itisthat D.isitthatUnfortunately,thepackageIwasexpectingwas tothewrongaddress.〔deliver送货上门〕written B.given C.packed D.delivered byalargeaudience,hefeltverynervousanddidn”tknowwhattosay.〔过去分词表示被动〕Watching B.Watch C.Watched D.HavingwatchedI”mverygratefulforyourhelpandhopetodosomethingforyou inthefuture.〔C.inreturn加以回报〕inexchange B.instead C.inreturn D.inparticularIcan youthattheanimalsarewellcaredforinourzoo,soyouneedn”tworryaboutthem.suppose B.assume C.assure〔确保〕 D.grantThedrowningboymadea attempttocatchtherope throwntohim.dangerous B.graceful C.gentle D.desperate〔无望〕Ifwe earlytomorrowmorning,wewillreachthecoastbeforedark.take

起飞脱下请假不怀好意的仿照〕 B.set

动身〕 C.setup〔建立〕 D.takeup〔从事。；占用某人时间，占用空间〕AlotofpeoplemistakeJohnforBillbecausethey eachotherinappearancetoomuch!〔蒙题：同一子母打头，选长的那个〕weave B.utilize C.reveal D.resemble〔长的特像〕143Whentherearecordialrelationsbetweenthetwocountries,wemeanthereexistsarelationshipbetweenthem.〔技巧：AC外形相近；AB意思相反。选交集〕friendly友好的B.hostile布满恶意的C.fertile肥沃的D.complicatedThepatient”srecoverywasveryencouragingashecould getoutofbedwithouthelp.〔技巧：BD意思想反，without是否认词，不考双重否认〕only B.almost几乎 C.me”rely D.hardly几乎不Atthejobinterview,Mr.Browngaveagood ofhimselfandfinallygotajobasasalesman.〔技巧：选择外形又长又生疏的单词〕opinion B.idea C.cry D.account描述Asiswellknown,eatingtoomuchfatcan heartdiseaseandcausehighbloodpressure.addto B.attendto C.contributeto造成 D.applytoAclubisaplacetomakefrequent withfriends.accounts B.attempts C.contents D.contacts接触；隐形眼镜 theobviousdifferencesinsizeandpopulation,thestatesofAmericahavemanythings common.Although;on B.Though;inC.Despite尽管;in D.Becauseof;onfiveorsixyearsScientistssayitmaybefiveorsixyears

thismedicineistestedonhumansince B.before C.after D.when Withlargernumbersofgraduatesthaneverbefore,justhavingadegreewillnolongerbeenoughtomakeyou inthecrowd.standup站立 B.standby在一旁站立 C.standfor代表 D.standout精彩Thedoctortriedtodoanexperimenttofindoutthe ofthemedicineonthemice〔AD是反义〕cause起因 B.result结果 C.reason D.effect效果Thisisonlyoneofthelaundriesinthedistrict modemequipment.〔oneofof后面的词，要是像此题有onlyoneof，那么定thathaveB.whichhaveC.thathasD.whathasSkatingcanbegoodforyoucorrectly.〔Skating〕thoughdoingB.thoughdoneC.ifdoneD.ifdoingBytheendoflastweek611peoplefrom49countries_ toattendthemeeting,withnearlyhalfcomingfromtheUnitedStates,GermanyandBritain.(Bytheendof后面是过去时间那就加过去完成时)hadregistered B.haveregisteredC.registered D.wereregisteredItwassuggestedthatbigeventliketheYearofRussiainChinashouldcertainlybenefitrelationshipbetweenthetwocountries.a;the B.the;a C.a;/ D.the;/144Althoughheknewlittleaboutthelargeamountofworkdoneinthefield,hesucceeded othermorewell-informedexperimentersfailed.as B.unless C.what D.whereHavingbeenpraisedbytheteacher,thelittlegirlranbackhome, .happilyandsatisfied B.eagerandexcitedlyC.happyandsatisfied两个并列的形容词做宾语的补足语 anxiouslyandexcitedly—Howaretheirtalksgoingon?Havetheyreachedany agreement?—Theyonlyseemedtohaveagreedtosetanotherdatefor talks.deeper B.slower C.further进一步的谈话联系交往 higher tenminutesearlier,youwouldn”thavemissedthetrain.〔虚拟语气，wouldhavedone〕Butyouwerelate.Hadyoucome B.DidyoucomeC.Haveyoucome D.ShouldyoucomeHavingbeentoldthathersondiedintheaccident,theoldwomanappearedverycalm,asifnothing .〔虚拟语气：与过去事实相反〕happened B.werehappenedC.washappened D.hadhappenedPartIIIIdentification(10%)Directions:EachofthefollowingsentenceshasfourunderlinedpartsmarkedA,B,CandD.Identifytheonethatisnotcorrect.ThenblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.Idon”tthinkawarmwinteralwayshasanegativeinfluenceonourlife,hasn”tit?〔前否后肯〕A B C DnoWe havebeentoldthatunder circumstanceswemayusethetelephoneinthenooffice〔no就要倒装，wemaymaywe〕A B Cfor personalaffairs.DA warmthoughtsuddenlycametomewhichImightusethepocketmoneytobuysome〔which一般就是错的〕A B Cflowersformymother”sbirthday.DTowaitinthequeueforhalfanhour,theoldmansuddenlyrealizedthathehadleftthewallet〔to代表的目的状语〕A B C Dinthecar.TheGreatWallisSoawell-knowntouristattractionthatmillionsofpeoplepourTheGreatWall145A B C Dtoday”shospitalsEquippedwithmodemfacilities,today”shospitals

arequitedifferentfrom thatA B C DWesolvedtheproblembyusingacomputerratherthan todoitallbyhand.〔ratherthan是并列词的标志，后面跟前面全都，错误根本在后面〕A B C DWhohaseyescanseewhatgreatachievementswehavemadesince1978.〔任何whowhoever〕A B C DlotsofproblemsSurely,thereare solvinginourresearchsoweneedtolotsofproblemsA B C DTheharderadvance.Theharder

hetried,

themostfailureshesufferedinhisearlydaysasthemostfailures〔〕A B C DPartIVCloze(10%)Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage,andforeachblankthereare4choicesmarkedA,B,CandDattheendofthepassage.YoushouldchooseONEanswerthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.WehavequiteabitofinformationaboutancientEgyptianmedicine.Doctors”instructionshavebeenfoundtotellus56whattheydidforthesickandtheinjured.57Althoughmanyofthetreatmentsincludedmagic,ancientEgyptiansusedplantleavesandothermethodstotreatmany58diseases.Religion,magicandmedicinewere59closelyrelatedinancientEgypt.Somepriests牧师)werespecially60trainedasdoctorsto61careforthesickandtheinjured.Doctorswereheldtoahighmoralstandard.Patientswastreatedwith62respect敬意andtheir63personalinformationwashighlysecret.Thehighest-rankingdoctorswerepriestsofthegoddessSekhmet,64whocontrolledillnesses.Doctorsspentapartofeachyear65servingthegoddess.Doctorswerethoughttobe66closetothegodsandabletoaskthemforhealing.Templeswerecentersforhealing. 67Whenapersonwasill,heorshewouldcometothetempleor 68applyto adoctorforadiagnosis(诊断).A(n) 69obviousproblemwastreatedwithmedicine,prayerandmagic.Ifaclearcausewasnot70discovered,thediagnosiswouldbe thattheillnesswascausedbyanevilspiritorcUrse.The doctor would use magicspells to 71 bring about acure. 72Occasionally,adiagnosiscouldnotbereached. 73Inthiscase,apatientwouldbetoldtorestforaperiodoftime 74untilanotherexaminationcouldbe75performed.56.A.whatB.whyC.thatD.which57.A.WhenB.SinceC.AlthoughD.After146A.damages B.diseases C.disasters D.destructionsA.hardly B.closely C.mainly D.shortlyA.trained B.designed C.planned D.studiedA.lookto照料 B.cometo C.carefor D.searchforA.reputation B.inspection C.fame D.respect敬意A.ill B.own C.hidden D.personalA.that B.which C.who D.whatA.serving B.reading C.learning D.followingA.careful B.generous C.mean D.closeA.Before B.When C.Until D.SinceA.thinkover B.applyto C.callfor D.makeupA.serious B.internal C.odd D.obviousA.treated B.discove