Metaphor与Analogy的对比学习解读课件

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Metaphor&Analogy

PPT模板下载：/moban/Me1(2)Readingistothemindwhatfoodistothebody.(1)Readingisthefoodofthemind.(1)metaphor(2)analogy(2)Readingistothemindwha2ContentsMetaphorAnalogyMetaphor&Analogy

ContentsMetaphor3awayofdescribingsomethingbyreferringtoitassomethingdifferentandsuggestingthatithassimilarqualitiesofthatthing

MetaphorAnotherdefinition:likeasimile,alsomakesacomparisonbetweentwounlikeelements,butunlikeasimile,thiscomparisonisimpliedratherthanstated.Metaphorawayofdescribingsomething4Thepropertiesofaneffectivemetaphor：freshnessandoriginality（立意新颖）2)aptness（恰当贴切）3)consistency（协调一致）MetaphorThepropertiesofaneffective5sustainedmetaphor博喻

extendedmetaphor延喻

VarietiesofMetaphor（变体）Metaphorsustainedmetaphor博喻

extended6Acomparisonbetweentwounlikethingsthatcontinuesthroughaseriesofsentencesinaparagraphorlinesinapoem.VarietiesofMetaphor---Sustainedmetaphor博喻…againoutleaptthefifthflash,withthespringofaserpentandtheshoutofafiend,lookedgreenasanemerald,andthereverberationwasstunning.……第五次闪电又发作了,这闪电象蛇一样蜿蜒游动,爆发出魔鬼的嘶喊。电光象翠玉一祥碧绿,回响震耳欲聋。MetaphorAcomparisonbetweentwounlik7Beautyisbutavainanddoubtfulgood,

Ashiningglossthatvadethsuddenly;

Aflowerthatdieswhenfirstitbeginstobud;

Abrittleglassthat’sbrokenpresently;

美不过是作不得准的浮影;像耀眼的光彩,很快就会销毁;像一朵花刚开放随即凋零;像晶莹的玻璃转眼就已破碎;MetaphorBeautyisbutavainanddoubt8AccordingtotheLongmanModernEnglishDictionary,theauthoruseextendedmetaphormakeaninitialcomparisonandthendevelopit,expandingtheidea.

（作出初次比较再扩展，以延伸作者的意图）VarietiesofMetaphor---Extendedmetaphor延喻MetaphorAccordingtotheLongmanModer9Laws…likecobwebs,wherethesmallfliesarecaughtandthegreatbreakthrough.

法律……犹如蛛网，小的蚊蝇给网捕住，大的则一冲而过。

MetaphorLaws…likecobwebs,wherethes10VarietiesofMetaphor---Extendedmetaphor延喻---Typesofextendedmetaphor1.[Verb]types:Hereyes,poolsoflove,wereripplingintenderness.(她的双眼似爱的池塘，正泛着柔情蜜意的涟漪.)2.[Noun]typesMarriageisabookofwhichthefirstchapteriswritteninpoetryandremainingchaptersinprose.(结婚，是一本第一章以诗写成，其余各章以散文写就的书.)MetaphorVarietiesofMetaphor---1.[Ver113.[Adjective]types:

Shehasaphotographicmemoryfordetail.(她对细节有照相机般的记忆力.)4.[Prepositionphrase

]typesApolicemanwavedmeoutofthesnakeoftrafficandflaggedmetostop.(一位警察招手,要我从长蛇阵般的车流中出来，并招呼我停下.)Thestoneshapedasakittenwithcrystaleyes.(石头形如小猫，眼似水晶.

)Metaphor3.[Adjective]types:Metaphor125.[Sentence]typesHeisaspoorasachurchmouse,andachurchmouselikehimeatslikeahorse.(他一贫如洗，赤贫的他又特别能吃.)Thechess-boardistheworld,wheretherulesofthegamearewhatwecallthelawsofnature.

(棋盘如世界，游戏规则如同自然法则.)Metaphor5.[Sentence]typesMetaphor13Teachafishtoswim班门弄斧

Featherone’snest中饱私囊

Beardthelioninhisden虎口拔牙

Addinsulttoinjury雪上加霜

Castpearlsbeforeswine对牛弹琴

Holdthecandletothedevil助纣为虐

Cryupwineandsellvinegar挂羊头，卖狗肉

Fishintheair水中捞月

※

IdiomsorphraseswithMetaphor（1）MetaphorTeachafishtoswim班门弄斧

Feat14Lockthestabledoorafterthehorseisstolen亡羊补牢

Killtwobirdswithonestone一箭双雕

Setafoxtokeepone’sgeese引狼入室

Letsleepingdogslie不要打草惊蛇

Kickagainstthepricks以卵击石

Letthecatoutofthebag’holdawolfbytheears露马脚

Aflashinthepan昙花一现

Ridetwohorsesatthesametime骑虎难下

※

IdiomsorphraseswithMetaphor（2）MetaphorLockthestabledoorafterthe15abedofroses安乐窝

cleanhands两袖清风（清廉）

curtain-lecture枕头风（枕边话）

likemushroom雨后春笋

mushroomfame一夜成名

amushroommillionaire暴发户

※

IdiomsorphraseswithMetaphor（3）Metaphorabedofroses16

analogydrawsaparallelbetweentwounlikethings

（twothingsnotinoneaspect）thathaveseveralcommonqualitiesorpointsofresemblance.

TextbookP7：analogyisaspecialkindofcomparisonandamoreconcretewaytoexplainthings.

likecomparison,analogyshowssimilaries;

notlikecomparison,analogyaimsatwhatiscommonbetweentwothingsofdifferentclasses.

AnalogyAnalogy

analogydrawsaparallelbetw17Analogy---

Patternsofanalogy1）AistoBasCistoD①Foodistomanasfuelistoengine.②Airistomanaswateristofish.2）AistoBwhatCistoD(or:AtoBiswhatCistoD,orwhatCistoD,AistoB)①Judiciouspraiseistochildrenwhatthesunistoflowers.②Themanwhocannotbetrustedistosocietywhatabitofrottentimberistoahouse.AnalogyAnalogy---Patternsofanalogy183）(Just)asA…B,(so)C…D(or:…soC…D,justasA…B)①（Just）asdarkcloudscannotlonghidethesun,(so)noliescancoverupfacts.②JustasDarwindiscoveredthelawoforganicnature,soMarxdiscoveredthelawofdevelopmentofhumanhistory.4）IfAwereB,Cwould…DIfsocietywereatraintheetiquettewouldbetherailsalongwhichonlythetraincouldrumbleforth;ifsocietywereastatecoach,theetiquettewouldbethewheelsandaxisonwhichonlythecoachrollforward.AnalogyAnalogy3）(Just)asA…B,(so)C…D(or:19Metaphorvs.AnalogyAnalogyMetaphor

vs.MetaphorAnalogyoriginOriginated

fromtheGreekwordmetaphor,whichmeanstotransfer.CamefromtheGreekwordanalogia,whichmeansproportion.EssenceAfigureofspeech;animplicitcomparisonRatherthanafigureofspeech,moreofalogicalargument;aratherparallelrelationshipoftwoobjectsStructureConcentrateononepointofresemblanceDrawaparallelbetweentwounlikethingsthathaveseveralcommonqualitiesorpointsofresemblanceMetaphorvs.AnalogyAnalog20Metaphorvs.AnalogyAnalogyMetaphorvs.MetaphorAnalogyFunctiontoheighteneffectwithvividimagery

Anditisusuallybeingusedinstoriesorpoemsbyauthorstoputatwisttothemeetingofcertainword.forthepurposeofpersuasionorfortheexplanationorexpositionofanideaThisformisusuallybeingusedinteaching.Ifonethingisnotbeingunderstoodbythestudentyoucanparallelitandputananalogyonsomethingthatwouldgiveyouthesamemeaningastowhatyoureallymeant.Metaphorvs.AnalogyAnalog21

1.《英语修辞与翻译》Figuresofspeech

2.《实用英语修辞学》

3.《SustainedMetaphor及其喻体分析》文军

4./extended-metaphor/

ExtendedMetaphor

5./articles/article5006.php

ThePoweroftheSustainedMetaphor

Copyright©2010by

SusanPlett

References:

1.《英语修辞与翻译》Figuresofspeech22Thankyou

foryourlistening~Thankyou

foryourlistening~23PPT模板下载：/moban/

Metaphor&Analogy

PPT模板下载：/moban/Me24(2)Readingistothemindwhatfoodistothebody.(1)Readingisthefoodofthemind.(1)metaphor(2)analogy(2)Readingistothemindwha25ContentsMetaphorAnalogyMetaphor&Analogy

ContentsMetaphor26awayofdescribingsomethingbyreferringtoitassomethingdifferentandsuggestingthatithassimilarqualitiesofthatthing

MetaphorAnotherdefinition:likeasimile,alsomakesacomparisonbetweentwounlikeelements,butunlikeasimile,thiscomparisonisimpliedratherthanstated.Metaphorawayofdescribingsomething27Thepropertiesofaneffectivemetaphor：freshnessandoriginality（立意新颖）2)aptness（恰当贴切）3)consistency（协调一致）MetaphorThepropertiesofaneffective28sustainedmetaphor博喻

extendedmetaphor延喻

VarietiesofMetaphor（变体）Metaphorsustainedmetaphor博喻

extended29Acomparisonbetweentwounlikethingsthatcontinuesthroughaseriesofsentencesinaparagraphorlinesinapoem.VarietiesofMetaphor---Sustainedmetaphor博喻…againoutleaptthefifthflash,withthespringofaserpentandtheshoutofafiend,lookedgreenasanemerald,andthereverberationwasstunning.……第五次闪电又发作了,这闪电象蛇一样蜿蜒游动,爆发出魔鬼的嘶喊。电光象翠玉一祥碧绿,回响震耳欲聋。MetaphorAcomparisonbetweentwounlik30Beautyisbutavainanddoubtfulgood,

Ashiningglossthatvadethsuddenly;

Aflowerthatdieswhenfirstitbeginstobud;

Abrittleglassthat’sbrokenpresently;

美不过是作不得准的浮影;像耀眼的光彩,很快就会销毁;像一朵花刚开放随即凋零;像晶莹的玻璃转眼就已破碎;MetaphorBeautyisbutavainanddoubt31AccordingtotheLongmanModernEnglishDictionary,theauthoruseextendedmetaphormakeaninitialcomparisonandthendevelopit,expandingtheidea.

（作出初次比较再扩展，以延伸作者的意图）VarietiesofMetaphor---Extendedmetaphor延喻MetaphorAccordingtotheLongmanModer32Laws…likecobwebs,wherethesmallfliesarecaughtandthegreatbreakthrough.

法律……犹如蛛网，小的蚊蝇给网捕住，大的则一冲而过。

MetaphorLaws…likecobwebs,wherethes33VarietiesofMetaphor---Extendedmetaphor延喻---Typesofextendedmetaphor1.[Verb]types:Hereyes,poolsoflove,wereripplingintenderness.(她的双眼似爱的池塘，正泛着柔情蜜意的涟漪.)2.[Noun]typesMarriageisabookofwhichthefirstchapteriswritteninpoetryandremainingchaptersinprose.(结婚，是一本第一章以诗写成，其余各章以散文写就的书.)MetaphorVarietiesofMetaphor---1.[Ver343.[Adjective]types:

Shehasaphotographicmemoryfordetail.(她对细节有照相机般的记忆力.)4.[Prepositionphrase

]typesApolicemanwavedmeoutofthesnakeoftrafficandflaggedmetostop.(一位警察招手,要我从长蛇阵般的车流中出来，并招呼我停下.)Thestoneshapedasakittenwithcrystaleyes.(石头形如小猫，眼似水晶.

)Metaphor3.[Adjective]types:Metaphor355.[Sentence]typesHeisaspoorasachurchmouse,andachurchmouselikehimeatslikeahorse.(他一贫如洗，赤贫的他又特别能吃.)Thechess-boardistheworld,wheretherulesofthegamearewhatwecallthelawsofnature.

(棋盘如世界，游戏规则如同自然法则.)Metaphor5.[Sentence]typesMetaphor36Teachafishtoswim班门弄斧

Featherone’snest中饱私囊

Beardthelioninhisden虎口拔牙

Addinsulttoinjury雪上加霜

Castpearlsbeforeswine对牛弹琴

Holdthecandletothedevil助纣为虐

Cryupwineandsellvinegar挂羊头，卖狗肉

Fishintheair水中捞月

※

IdiomsorphraseswithMetaphor（1）MetaphorTeachafishtoswim班门弄斧

Feat37Lockthestabledoorafterthehorseisstolen亡羊补牢

Killtwobirdswithonestone一箭双雕

Setafoxtokeepone’sgeese引狼入室

Letsleepingdogslie不要打草惊蛇

Kickagainstthepricks以卵击石

Letthecatoutofthebag’holdawolfbytheears露马脚

Aflashinthepan昙花一现

Ridetwohorsesatthesametime骑虎难下

※

IdiomsorphraseswithMetaphor（2）MetaphorLockthestabledoorafterthe38abedofroses安乐窝

cleanhands两袖清风（清廉）

curtain-lecture枕头风（枕边话）

likemushroom雨后春笋

mushroomfame一夜成名

amushroommillionaire暴发户

※

IdiomsorphraseswithMetaphor（3）Metaphorabedofroses39

analogydrawsaparallelbetweentwounlikethings

（twothingsnotinoneaspect）thathaveseveralcommonqualitiesorpointsofresemblance.

TextbookP7：analogyisaspecialkindofcomparisonandamoreconcretewaytoexplainthings.

likecomparison,analogyshowssimilaries;

notlikecomparison,analogyaimsatwhatiscommonbetweentwothingsofdifferentclasses.

AnalogyAnalogy

analogydrawsaparallelbetw40Analogy---

Patternsofanalogy1）AistoBasCistoD①Foodistomanasfuelistoengine.②Airistomanaswateristofish.2）AistoBwhatCistoD(or:AtoBiswhatCistoD,orwhatCistoD,AistoB)①Judiciouspraiseistochildrenwhatthesunistoflowers.②Themanwhocannotbetrustedistosocietywhatabitofrottentimberistoahouse.AnalogyAnalogy---Patternsofanalogy413）(Just)asA…B,(so)C…D(or:…soC…D,justasA…B)①（Just）asdarkcloudscannotlonghidethesun,(so)noliescancoverupfacts.②JustasDarwindiscoveredthelawoforganicnature,soMarxdiscoveredthelawofdevelopmentofhumanhistory.4）IfAwereB,Cwould…DIfsocietywereatraintheetiquettewouldbetherailsalongwhichonlythetraincouldrumbleforth;ifsocietywereastatecoach,theetiquettewouldbethewheelsandaxisonwhichonlythecoachrollforward.AnalogyAnalogy3）(Just)asA…B,(so)C…D(or:42Metaphorvs.AnalogyAnalogyMetaphor

vs.MetaphorAnalogyoriginO