国家开放大学电大本科【管理英语4】期末试题及答案【e卷号：1389】

C.C.catchupC.whichC.which国家开放大学电大本科《管理英语4》期末试题及答案9（试卷号：1389）一、 交际用语（每小题2分，共10分）1-5题:选择正确的语句完成下面对话，并将答案序号写在答题纸上。一Isitpossibleforyoutoworkouttheplantonight?I111dothat.B.Ithinkso.c.I’dloveto.—Howdidyourmeetinggoyesterday?-_actually,itwasreallyfrustrating.NotsogoodB.VerygoodC.Nothingspecial—Ithinkthingshavebeenabitdifficultforusthelastcoupleofinonths.—_we'vebeenworkinghard,butstillgettingbehind.You'reright.B.Tmafraid.C.Idon'tthinkso.—WillyouhelpmearrangeameetingwithMr.Brown,please?一No,noway.B.No,Ican'tC.SorryIcan'1.1havetofinishmyprojectrightnow.—You'dbetternotpushyourselftoohard.Youcanasktheteamandlisten.Youareright.B.No,wecan'tdothat.C.1thinkitwillkillourtime.二、 词汇与结构（每小题2分，共30分）6-20题:阅读下面的句子，从三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的正确选项，并将答案序号写在答题纸上。Theteamcreatesanenvironment_peop1earecomfortableincommunicating,advocatingpositions,andtakingaction.thatWhichinwhichIfItakethetimetotalkwithmymanageratthebeginningofaproject,we offtoagreatstartonthesamepage.cangethavegotgetTheyhavecometotheconclusion_thiswinterwillbeevencolderthanbefore.thatforOnhearingthenewsof themajorexamagain,thegirlburstintotears.herhavingfailedshefailedherbeingfailedThereasonhewasabsentfromclassyesterdaywasthathewasillandhospitalized.forwhythatILInhighschooLIamequallycomfortable_asamemberofateamandindependently.toworkworkingwork—Whoshouldberesponsiblefortheaccident?一Theboss,nottheworkers.Theyjustcarriedouttheorder_asaretoldastoldastheytoldMyleathershoescostme_thelastpairs1bought.threetimesasthreetimeasthreetimesasmuchasWithouthumanresources,noorganizationcantheground,letalonedobusinessandmakeprofits.getoffgetupgetonWewithachievement.doneareobsessedCurrentopinionamongpoliticiansisthatsheis_,standsforherprinciples.encouragecouragecourageousGoodworkgoodpay.deservesRequestsdesertsAtarough_,wewilltakeanotherfourweekstofinishthisplan.valueestimateaccountTobuildthereservoir（水库），thousandsofpeoplehavetobe_relocatedRepeatedreopenedWeneed_communicationskills:listencarefully,thinkbeforeyouspeakandmanageconflictsdiplomatically.outstandingplaingeneral三、阅读理解（每小题4分，共40分）21-25题:阅读下列短文，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个正确答案，并将答案序号写在答题纸上。Passage1Themeaningof"communication"goesalotdeeperthanpeopleoftenthink.Communicationsaboutconceiving,sending,receiving,andinterpretingmessagesaswellasconfirmingreceptionofthesemessages.Afailureatanypointinthischaincanresultinineffectivecommunication.Ineffectivecommunicationcanbedisastrous.ThereisafamousstoryofaBritishArmyCommanderwhosentthemessage"Sendreinforcements,we'regoingtoadvance."backtohisCommandCenter,throughalongchainofsubordinates^ThenthemessagefinallyreachedtheCommandC.C.Receiving.Center,ithad"mutated"tobecome"Sendthreeandfourpence,we,regoingtoadance."Thereinforcementsneverarrived.Youcandemonstratethissameprinciple,albeitonalessdramaticscale,bytryingtoplayChineseWhisperswithmorethan20people.Itishighlyuniikelythesamemessageyoustartedwithwillbetheoneyouendwith.Inabusiness,therearethreemaintypesofconmunicationfailure.Eachhasitsownindicativesigns.•Thefirsttypeisknownasallocativefailure.Thisoccurswhenafirmisnotgatheringenoughintelligenceaboutitsmarketor(mostoften),theinformationisnotreachingtherightpoints.Thefirmwillnotbeallocatingresourcesinstepwiththeshiftsindemand.Ifdemandisrisingbutthefirmissufferingfromallocativecommunicationfailure,thenstockswillfallandtherewillbeunderstaffing.Iftheinversehappens,therewillbeasurplusofstocksandoverstaffing.•Thesecondtypeisexecutivefailure,wherecommunicationtotriggerspecificevents/actionsiseitherlate,lackingorinerror.Thesymptomsofthisareagenerallossofdirectioninthecompanyordepartments,alossofco-ordinationandanincreaseincomplaintsfromcustomersasthingshappenlateornotatall.•Thefinaltypeishumanfailure.Thisoccurswhenthegeneralcultureofabusinessorherelationshipsbetweenparticularindividualsordepartmentsdonotfostereffectivecommunication.Thisleadstoalienatedstaff,anincreaseinstaffturnover,anincreaseinabsenteeismandgeneralfrustrationamongstaff.Creativity,especiallythatwhichtakesplaceacrossdepartmentalboundaries,islikelytosufferhugelyasteamsynergyslips.ConfirmingreceptionofthesentmessagesmeansthemessagesaresenttorightreceiversthemessagesarecorrectlyunderstoodthemessagesarecorrectlyunderstoodbyrightreceiversInthefamousBritishArmyCommanderstory,whichstepprobablydidNOTgowronginthecommunicationchain?Conceiving.Sending.WhatisChinesewhispers?WhowhispersinChinese.Agametopassmessagearoundinawhisper.Chinesepeoplewhodon'tnormallytalkveryloudly.AllocativefailuredoesNOThappenwhentherightinformationgoestotherightplaceacompanygathersfalseinformationthecorrectinformationisnotreceivedbytherightdepartmentorpersonAccordingtothepassage,whichofthefolloringcasesdoesNOTbelongtohumanfailure?Decreasingcreativityacrossdepartments.Inadequatecommunicationbetweendepartments.Increasingcustomercomplaints.26-30题:请根据短文内容判断给出的语句是否正确，正确的写“T”,错误的写“P”，并将答案写在答题纸上。Passage2Nokiaexecutivesattemptedtoexplainitsfallfromthetopofthesmartphonepyramidwiththreefactors:1)thatNokiawastechnicallyinferiortoApple,2)thatthecompanywascomplacentand3)thatitsleadersdidn，tseethedisruptiveiPhonecoming.Ithasalsobeenarguedthatitwasnoneoftheabove.Nokialostthesmartphonebattlebecauseofdivergentsharedfearsamongthecompany"smiddleandtopmanagerswhichledtocompany-wideinertiathatleftitpowerlesstorespondtoApple"sgame.Basedonthefindingsofanin-depthinvestigationand76interviewswithtopandmiddlemanagers,engineersandexternalexperts,theresearchersdiscoveredacultureoffearduetotemperamentalleadersandthatfrightenedmiddlemanagerswerescaredoftellingthetruth.Thefearthatfrozethecompanycamefromtwoplaces.First,thecompany"stopmanagershadaterrifyingreputation.SomemembersofNokia'sboardandtopmanagementweredescribedas"extremelytemperamentalandtheyregularlyshoutedatpeople"atthetopoftheirlungs”.Itwasverydifficulttotellthemthingstheydidn，twanttohear.Secondly,topmanagerswereafraidoftheexternalenvironmentandnotmeetingtheirquarterlytargets,whichalsoimpactedhowtheytreatedmiddlemanagers.Topmanagersthusmademiddlemanagersafraidofdisappointingthem.Middlemanagersweretoldthattheywerenotambitiousenoughtomeettopmanagers'goals.Fearingthereactionsoftopmanagers,middlemanagersremainedsilentorprovidedoptimistic,filteredinformation.Thus,middlemanagersdirectlyliedtotopmanagement.Worse,acultureofstatusinsideNokiamadeeveryonewanttoholdontovestedpowerforfearofresourcesbeingallocatedelsewhereiftheydeliveredbadnewsorshowedthattheywerenotboldorambitiousenoughtoundertakechailengingassignments.Beyondverbalpressure,topmanagersalsoappliedpressureforfasterperformanceinpersonnelselection.Thisledmiddlemanagerstooverpromiseandunderdeliver.Onemiddlemanagertoldusthat“youcangetresourcesbypromisingsomethingearlier,orpromisingalot.It'ssaleswork.Whilemodestfearmightbehealthyformotivation,abusingitcanbelikeoverusingadrug,whichrisksgeneratingharmfulsideeffects.Toreducethisrisk,leadersshouldcoordinatewiththevariedemotionsofthestaff.Nokia，stopmanagersshouldhaveencouragedsafedialogue,internalcoordinationandfeedbacktounderstandthetrueemotionintheorgan!zation.NokialostthesmartphonebattlebecauseitstechnologyisnotasgoodasthatofApple.FNokia'smiddlemanagerswerefranktotellthetruth,butthetoponesdidn'tlistentothem.FNokia，stopmanagersweretoomoodytohearanythinggoodbutharsh.TMiddlemanagersinNokiadeliveredresultsmorethantheypromisedearlier.FNokia'stopmanagersshouldhavehadbetterconversationtechniquestoencourageinternalcoordinationandtruth.T四、写