2019中考新突破英语话题20自然(含解析)

2019-中考新打破英语话题20：自然(含答案分析)2019-中考新打破英语话题20：自然(含答案分析)8/82019-中考新打破英语话题20：自然(含答案分析)2019-2020年中考新打破英语话题20：自然（含答案分析）Ⅰ.完形填空A(2016济宁改编)FraserIslandisinQueensland,Australia,about200kilometersnorthofBrisbane.It'sabout120kilometers__1__and240kilometerswide.Itisaveryimportantisland__2__itiscompletelymadeofsand.__3__，itisthelargestsandislandintheworld.Thereisnoairportontheisland,butthereisalongbeachalongtheeastcoast.__4__arriveandleavefromhere.Thesandmakesunusualshapes.Therearehillsmadeofsandcalledsandblows.Nothinggrowson__5__.Theymoveoneortwometersayearfromthenorthwesttowardsthesoutheastoftheisland,__6__biggerandbigger.Atotherplacesontheisland,suchasRainbowGorge,TheCathedralsandRedCanyon,thesandyrockshavedifferent__7__.Sometimestherocksaresobrownthatthey__8__theseabrown,likecoffee.Surprisingly,thesandyislandhasalotofdifferentplantsandanimals.Therearedark__9__—eucalyptus(桉树)woods,beautifulflowersandoverahundredlakes.Therearemanykindsofbirds,likeowls(猫头鹰)andcurlews(麻鹬).Therearemany__10__there,too,suchascrocodiles,flyingfoxesandwilddogscalleddingoes.About500，000people__11__theislandeveryyeartoseetheisland'sbeautyandnature.Peopleenjoycampingandhiking(徒步旅游)there.__12__，thevisitorscauseproblems.Theydamage(损坏)plantsandmakeanimalsfeelafraid.Theirsuncream(防晒霜)makesthewater__13__.Soitis__14__tomanagethevisitor.Forexample,peoplemaynotusemotorboats__15__gofishinginthelakes,andtheyneedofficialpapers(官方文件)todrivethere.B．longC．shortD．thinB．afterC．beforeD．because(C)3.A.IntheendB．InpublicC．InfactD．IntotalB．BoatsC．BusesD．PlanesB．himC．herD．themB．lookingC．gettingD．tastingB．colorsC．pricesD．subjectsB．becomeC．drawD．recallB．rocksC．forestsD．cloudsB．animalsC．fruitsD．vegetablesB．spreadC．increaseD．visitB．SuddenlyC．FinallyD．LuckilyB．freshC．dirtyD．fascinatingB．necessaryC．popularD．politeB．soC．andD．but【文章粗心】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了澳大利亚的弗雷泽沙岛的自然风采。弗雷泽沙岛圆满由沙子做成，是世界上最大的沙岛。岛上景色优美，动植物众多，每年约50万人到上游乐。可是沙也面好多：如旅客损坏植物、防晒霜把水等等。【答案精析】1．B考形容辨析。fat“胖的”；long“的”；short“短的；矮的”；thin“瘦的”。由“and240kilometerswide”可知是指的度。故B。2．D考辨析。when“当⋯⋯候”；after“在⋯⋯今后”；before“在⋯⋯前”；because“因”。分析句子可知“Itisaveryimportantisland”的原由是“itiscompletelymadeofsand”。故D。3．C考介短辨析。intheend“最后”；inpublic“公然地”；infact“上”；intotal“共”。由后半句“itisthelargestsandislandintheworld”可知此空表示“上”。故C。4．D考名辨析。car“”；boat“小船”；bus“公共汽”；plane“机”。由前句中的“Thereisnoairportontheisland”可知是指机。故D。5．D考代辨析。由上文“Therearehillsmadeofsandcalledsandblows.”可知此空指的是名叫sandblows的hills。故D。6．C考名辨析。smelling“”；looking“看”；getting“得”；tasting“品”。由上文的“moveoneortwometersayear”和空格后的“biggerandbigger”可知是指“得”。故C。7．B考名辨析。size“尺寸”；color“色”；price“价钱”；subject“科目，主”。由后句“Sometimestherocksaresobrown”可知里是指色。故B。8．A考辨析。turn“使得”；become“成”；draw“画”；recall“回”。由“likecoffee”可知褐色的岩石把海水都成了褐色。故A。9．C考名辨析。mountain“山”；rock“岩石”；forest“丛林”；cloud“云”。由空格后的“eucalyptu(桉)woods”可知是指“丛林”。故C。10．B考名辨析。plant“植物”；animal“物”；fruit“水果”；vegetable“蔬菜”。由“suchascrocodiles,flyingfoxesandwilddogscalleddingoes”可知是指“物”。故B。11．D考辨析。buy“”；spread“张开”；increase“增”；visit“参”。由句中“toseetheisland'sbeautyandnature”可知是指“参”个。故D。12．A考副辨析。unluckily“不幸地”；suddenly“忽然地”；finally“最后”；luckily“好运地”。由后句“Theydamage(损坏)plantsandmakeanimalsfeelafraid.”可知“不幸的”是些旅客来了麻。故A。13．C考形容辨析。clean“干的”；fresh“新的”；dirty“的”；fascinating“迷人的”。上文提到旅客来麻，由此可知是防晒霜染了水。故C。14．B考形容辨析。impossible“不可以能的”；necessary“必需的”；popular“流行的”；polite“有礼貌的”。由“andtheyneedofficialpapers(官方文件)todrivethere”可知是指“有必需”旅客行管理。故B。15．A考辨析。or“或许”；so“因此”；and“而且”；but“可是”。由“maynot”可知能否认句，在否认句中接两个并列的成分常用or。故A。B(2016白改)先下边短文，掌握其粗心，此后用方框中所的的适合形式填空。每个限用一次。cutsizeand

they

lay

colourguard

smell

large

buildAntsEverywhere!Youcanfindantsinlotsofdifferentplaces.Youcanfindtheminthegrass1anddirt(尘埃)inyouryard.Youcanfindthemontreesandinyourhome.Antscanbedifferent2colours.Theycanbeblack,brown,red,green,oryellow.Antshavetwoantennae(触须)thattheyusetotouchand3smell.WhatDoAntsLookLike?Antsareinsects.4Theirbodieshavethreeparts,andtheyhavesixstronglegs.Someantshavelarge,strongjaws(颚).Theyusetheirjaws5to__cutfoodandtofight.Antscanbetinyorlarge.Somebigantsareas6largeasapaperclip(Antsareverystrongfortheir7size.GroupsofAntsMostants8buildnestsunderorontopsoftheground.Differentantsinthenesthavedifferentjobs.Thequeenant9laysalltheeggs.Someworkerantstakecareoftheeggsandbabyants.Someworkerantsgetfood.Soldierants10thenest.

夹子).guard【文章粗心】本文是一篇说明文。文中介绍了蚂蚁的生活习惯、颜色、外形以及蚁群的不一样样分工。【答案精析】1．and分析句子可知，空格前的名词“

grass”和空格后的名词“

dirt

”是并列关系。故填

and。2．colours由空格前的“differentcanbeblack,brown,red,green,oryellow.

”可知此空填名词。联合备选单词及后句“They”可知是指“颜色”。因不单一种颜色，故应填复数colours。3．smell由空格前的“touch”和“and”可知此空填动词。联合备选项及知识可知蚂蚁的触须是触摸和嗅觉气味的工具。故填smell。4．Their分析句子成分可知，此空作定语，要用形容词或形容词性物主代词。联合备选单词及“Antsareinsects.”可知是指“它们的身体”。故填Their，注意句首单词首字母要大写。5．tocut空格后的food是名词，此空要填动词。联合备选单词及语境“颚是用来切割食品和打斗”确立用cut。usesth.todosth.意为“用某物做某事”。故填tocut。6．large由系动词are可确立as...as中间要用形容词的原级。再由big确立此空要填

large

。7．size由空格前的“their”可确立此处要填名词。联合备选单词及语境可知填size。8．build空格后的“nests”是名词，此空要填动词，“筑巢”用动词build。主语ants是复数，谓语动词用原形。故填build。9．lays表示“下蛋”用lay。主语“Thequeenant”是第三人称单数，故要填lay的第三人称单数lays。10．guard兵蚁“保卫”巢穴，应用guard。主语“Soldierants”是复数，谓语动词用原形。故填guard。Ⅱ.阅读理解A(2016广州改编)JellyfishandCrocodiles(水母和鳄鱼)Hi,myname'sBen.Myfamily,that'sMum,Dadandme,liveinBroomeinWesternAustralia.WesternAustraliaisabout80timeslargerthanItaly,butonly1.5millionpeoplelivethere.BroomeisatowninthenorthofWesternAustralia.Ithasapopulationofabout12，000.It'srightonthecoastandisknownforitsfamousCableBeach,whichis20kmlong.Weliveinthetowninahousewithalargegarden.AtweekendsIoftengofishingorswimmingwithmyfriendsormyparents.WedrivetoCableBeachandlookforaquietplacetoswimortofish.Wedon'tgoswimmingfromOctobertoMarchbecausetheremaybeboxjellyfishinthewater.Theboxjellyfishisoneofthemostdangerousjellyfish.InAustralia,theykillupto65peopleayear.Ifyouareattackedbyone,thebestthingtodoistopourvinegar(醋)overtheareaofyourbodywhereyouarehurt.That'swhywealwaystakeabottleofvinegarwithus.AnotherdangerousanimalinWesternAustraliaisthesaltwatercrocodile.AyearagoIwentcampinginthebush(灌木丛)withmyfriendBillandhisdad.Wewantedtodosomefishingandsetupcampabout20metresfromariver.Suddenly,at3o'clockinthemorning,wefeltsomethingpullingonourtent.Bill'sfathertoldustogetupandwequicklygotoutofthetentandrantothecar,whichwasonly10metresaway.Bill'sdadstartedthecarandturnedontheheadlights.Inthelight,wecouldseeabigcrocodilepullingthetentintotheriver!(C)1.Whydoesn'tthewritergoswimmingfromOctobertoMarch?A．Becauseitisverycoldduringthesemonths.B．Becausehelivesfarfromthebeach.C．Becausetheremaybedangerousjellyfishinthewater.D．Becausehedoesn'tliketoswimduringthesemonths.(B)2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“attacked”mean?A．Kicked.

B．Hurt.C．Discovered.D．Burned.(D)3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“which”refertoinParagraph5?A．Thebush.B．Thetent.C．Theriver.D．Thecar.(D)4.Whichofthefollowingistrue?A．InAustraliapeoplenevertakeabottleofvinegarwiththem.B．Broomeisatownwithapopulationof1.5million.C．WegotoCableBeachbybusandlookforaquietplacetoswimortofish.D．Thecrocodileispullingourtentat3o'clockinthemorning.【文章粗心】本文是一篇说明文。本文表达了作者对澳大利亚两种危险的动物——水母和鳄鱼的认识以及自己的一些经历。【答案精析】1．C细节理解题。由第三段第四、五句“Wedon'tgoswimmingfromOctobertoMarchbecausetheremaybeboxjellyfishinthewater.Theboxjellyfishisoneofthemostdangerousjellyfish.

”可知选

C。2．B词义猜想题。由后半句“thebestthingtodoistopourvinegar(醋)overtheareaofyourbodywhereyouarehurt”可知这里是指被水母“损害或攻击了”，应选B。2．D单词指代题。由前半句“Bill'sfathertoldustogetupandwequicklygotoutofthetentandrantothecar”可知which在此是指“汽车”。应选D。4．D推理判断题。由第四段最后一句“That'swhywealwaystakeabottleofvinegarwithus.”可知A项错误；由第二段第一、二句“BroomeisatowninthenorthofWesternAustralia.Ithasapopulationofabout12，000”可知B项错误；由第三段第三句“WedrivetoCableBeachandlookforaquietplacetoswimortofish.”可知C项错误；由第五段第四句“Suddenly,at3o'clockinthemorning,wefeltsomethingpullingonourtent.”以及文章最后一句“Inthelight,wecouldseeabigcrocodilepullingthetentintotheriver！”可确立清晨三点时鳄鱼正在拖我们的帐篷。应选D。B请先阅读下边短文，掌握其粗心，此后依据短文内容从下边方框内的七个选项中，选择五个复原到文中，使短文意思畅达、构造圆满。SunflowerYoucan'tlookatsunflowersandfeelsad.Theirbigfacesalmostseemtobesmilingatyouonasummerdayastheyslowlyturntowardthesun.1__D__Theyalsoprovidefoodforbees，birdsandsquirrels(松鼠)andmanyothersmallanimalsthatlovetoeattheseeds(种子)．2__A__Peoplelovethem,too.Youcanfindbagsoftheminthestores.Theytellyouwhatkindofseedstheyareandhowtheyshouldbeplanted.Therearehundredsofdifferentkindsofsunflowers.3__E__Theygrowtoover10feettallandproducebigroundheadswithbrightyellowpetals(花瓣)thatareoverafootacross.Theygrowonstrongthickstems(茎)withbigheart－shapedleaves.4__G__Otherkindsofsunflowers,calleddwarf,producesmallstemsandsmallerflowersincolorssuchaslightyellowanddeepbrightorangeorred.5__B__Peopletherelovesunflowerssomuch,sotheynamedtheirplace“Sunflower”．Therearesunflowerseverywhere.A．Sunflowerseedsaren'tonlydelicioustoanimals.B．SunflowerisalsoaplaceinAmerica.C．Abeesitsonasunflowerinthegarden.D．Theflowerscanmakepeoplehappy.E．ThebiggestonesareMammothRussians.F．Ithinkthesunfloweristhemostbeautiful.G．Theripe(成熟的)seedheadssometimesgetsoheavythattheyhangdown(挂下来)．【文章粗心】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了向日葵的重要性、外形、果实和种类。其余，还介绍了美国一个叫Sunflower的地方，那里各处都栽种向日葵。【答案精析】1．D由空格前句“Theirbigfacesalmostseemtobesmilingatyouonasummerdayastheyslowlyturntowardthesun.”可知向日葵能令人快乐。七个选项中只有

D项含有此意。应选D。2．A由空格前句“Theyalsoprovidefoodforbees,birdsandsquirrels(松鼠)andmanyothersmallanimalsthatlovetoeattheseeds(种子)．”可知一些小动物喜爱吃葵花籽。再由空格后“Peoplelovethem,too.”确立A项“葵花籽不可是对动物来说是美味”是正确答案。3．E空格前句说到了有数百种不一样样的向日葵，后句又提到了“Theygrowtoover10feettallandproducebigroundheadswithbrightyellowpetals(花瓣)thatareoverafootacross.”，再联合所给选项可知此空是指最大的向日葵。应选E。4．G前两句说到花瓣和茎，接下去应当介绍种子了。应选G。5．B由下句“Peopletherelovesunflowerssomuch,sotheynamedtheirplace‘Sunflower'.”可知Sunflower也是个地名。应选B。Ⅲ.补全对话请阅读下边对话，依据对话内容补上所缺的句子，使对话畅达、合理，意思圆满。(每空一句)(Twochildrenareinthezoo.)W：Herearetheelephants.1__Are__they__the__largest__animals__on__land?M：Yes,theyarethel