考研考博-英语-乌兰察布职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-乌兰察布职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

问题1选项

A.Sheisagreatathlete.

B.Sheisafamedspeaker.

C.Sheisafamousscientist.

D.Sheisanotedinventor.

问题2选项

A.Howknowledgeofhumanbiochemistryhasbeenevolving.

B.Hownutritionhelpsathletes’performanceincompetitions.

C.Howscientifictrainingenablesathletestosetnewrecords.

D.Howtechnologyhashelpedathletestoscalenewheights.

问题3选项

A.Ourphysicalstructures.

B.Ourscientificknowledge.

C.Ourbiochemicalprocess.

D.Ourconceptofnutrition.

问题4选项

A.Itmayincreasetheexpensesofsportscompetitions.

B.Itmayleadtoathletes’overrelianceonequipment.

C.Itmaygiveanunfairadvantagetosomeathletes.

D.Itmaychangethenatureofsportscompetitions.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:C

【解析】ConversationOne

M:Tonight,wehaveaveryspecialguest.[1]Mrs.AnnaSanchezisathree-timeOlympicchampionandauthorofthenewbookTotheEdge.Mrs.Sanchez,thankyouforjoiningus.

W:Thankyouforhavingme.

M:Let’sstartwithyourbook.Whatdoesthetitle“TotheEdge”mean?What’reyoureferringto?

W:[2]Thebookisabouthowscienceandtechnologyhashelpedpushhumanstotheedgeoftheirphysicalabilities.Iarguethatinthepast20years,we’vehadthebestathletestheworldhaseverseen.

M:Butisthisafaircomparison?Howdoyouknowhow,say,afootballplayerfrom50yearsagowouldcomparetoonetoday?

W:Well,youareright.Thatcomparisonwouldbeperhapsimpossibletomake.Butthepointismoreaboutourknowledgetodayofhumanbiochemistry,nutrition,andmechanics.[3]Ibelievethatwhileourbodieshavenotchangedinthousandsofyears,whathaschangedisthescientificknowledge.Thishasallowedathletestopushthelimitsofwhatwaspreviouslythoughtpossible.

M:That’sinteresting.Pleasetellusmoreabouttheseperceivedlimits.

W:Theworldisseeingsportsrecordsbeingbrokenthatcouldonlybebrokenwiththeaidoftechnology.Whetherthisbethespeedofatennisserveorthefastesttimeinahundred-meterdashortwo-hundred-meterswimmingrace.

M:[4]Isthereanyconcernthattechnologyisgivingsomeathletesanunfairadvantageoverothers?

W:Thatisaninterestingquestionandonethathastobeconsideredverycarefully.Skis,forexample,wentfrombeingmadeofwoodtoametalalloy,whichallowsforbettercontrolandfasterspeed.There’snostoppingtechnologicalprogress.But,asIsaid,eachsituationshouldbeconsideredcarefullyonacase-by-casebasis.

1.WhatdowelearnaboutAnnaSanchez?

【试题答案】A

【试题解析】题目问关于女士，我们可以了解到什么？对话开头男士提到今天的嘉宾AnnaSanchez是三届奥运会冠军（athree-timeOlympicchampion），因此A选项“她是名出色的运动员”正确。B选项“她是一位著名的演说家”和D选项“她是一位著名的发明家”在录音中没有信息提及；C选项“她是一位著名的科学家”，主要是利用录音中提到的science和scientific设干扰，录音中女士虽然提及科学，但这是为了说明科技对体育的影响，并不是说明女士的身份，因此不正确。

2.Whatisthewoman’sbookmainlyabout?

【试题答案】D

【试题解析】题目问女士的书主要讲什么？女士说这本书是关于科学和技术如何促使人类达到身体能力的极限。D选项“技术如何帮助运动员达到新的高度”与录音原文表述一致，因此正确。A选项“人类生物化学知识是如何进化的”和B选项“营养如何帮助运动员在比赛中的表现”虽然在录音中有所提及，但不是这本书的主要内容，因此均可排除；C选项“科学的训练如何使运动员创造新的纪录”，录音中并没有提到training（训练），因此C选项也可排除。

3.Whathaschangedinthepastthousandsofyears?

【试题答案】B

【试题解析】题目问在过去的几千年里发生了什么变化。女士提到，虽然人类的身体几千年来都没有改变，但改变的是科学知识（scientificknowledge），因此B选项“我们的科学知识”正确。A选项“我们的身体结构”，录音中明确提及人类身体是没有发生改变的，因此排除A选项；C选项“我们的生化过程”和D选项“我们的营养观念”，录音中提及的是：如今关于人类生化学、营养学和力学的知识已发生变化。变化的是知识，并不是过程和观念，因此均不正确。

4.Whatistheman’sconcernabouttheuseoftechnologyinsportscompetitions?

【试题答案】C

【试题解析】题目问的是关于在体育比赛中科技的运用，男士担心什么？录音最后，男士问是否有人担心科技会给一些运动员带来对其他运动员来说不公平的优势（anunfairadvantageoverothers），C选项“它可能给一些运动员不公平的优势”与原文表述一致，因此正确。A选项“可能增加体育比赛的费用”；B选项“可能导致运动员对设备的过度依赖”和D选项“可能会改变体育比赛的性质”在录音中均未提及，因此排除。

2.单选题

Youcandoitifyouwantto,butinmyopinionit’snotworththe（）itinvolves.

问题1选项

A.force

B.trial

C.attempt

D.effort

【答案】D

【解析】名词词义辨析。force力量；trial试验，审讯；attempt企图，试图；effort努力。句意：如果你想，你可以去做，但在我看来，它不值得你为之付出努力。选项D符合句意。

3.单选题

ATIMEcolumnistbearswitnesstoanoperationtohelptripletswithcerebralpalsywalklikeotherboys.

CindyHickmannearlybledtodeaththedayshegavebirth—threemonthsprematurely—tohertripletsons.Weighinglessthan2lbseach,herbabieswerealive，butbarely.TheyclungsotenuouslytolifethatherdoctorsrecommendedshenamethemA,BandC.Then,afterayearofheroicinterventions—brainshunts，tracheotomies,skullremodeling—oftenrequiringemergencyhelicopterridestothehospitalnearesttheirruralTennesseehome,theHickmanlearnedthattheirtripletshadcerebralpalsy.

Fifteenyearsagotherewasn’tmuchthatcouldbedoneaboutcerebralpalsy，adisordercausedbydamagetothemotorcentersofthebrain.Butpediatricmedicinehascomealongwaysincethen,bothininterventionbeforebirth,withbetterprenatalcareandvarioustechniquestopostponedelivery，andsurgicalinterventionsafterbirthtocorrectphysicaldeficiencies.Soalthoughtheincidenceofcerebralpalsyseemstobeincreasing(becausetheoddsofpreemiessurvivingaresomuchbetter),sotooarethenumberofsuccessstories.

Thisisoneofthem.Lane,CodieandWyatt(astheHickmanboysarecalled)havespasticcerebralpalsy,themostcommonform,accountingfornearly80%o£cases.“Wefirstnoticedthattheyweren’twalkingwhentheyshould，”Cindyrecalls.“Insteadtheywereonlydoingthecombatcrawl.”Theirbrainsseemedtobedevelopingageappropriately,buttheirmuscleswereunnaturallystiff，makingwalkingdifficultifnotimpossible.

Happily,spasticcerebralpalsyisalsothemosttreatableformofCP,largelythankstoaprocedureknownasselectivedorsalrhizotomy,inwhichthenerverootsthatarecausingtheproblemareisolatedandsevered.AmongthefirsttochampionSDRintheU.S.inthelate1980swasDr.T.S.Park,aKorean-bornpediatricneurosurgeonatWashingtonUniversityinSt.Louis,Mo.,whohasperformedmorethan800oftheseoperationsandhopestodoanadditional1,000beforeheretires.

Havingperformedtheoperationmyselfasaresidentinneurosurgery,Iwaseagertoseehowthecountry’smostprolificSDRsurgeondoesit.LastmonthIgotanopportunitytostandbyhissideasheoperatedon3-year-oldLaneHickman.

Peeringthroughamicroscopeandguidedbyanelectricprobe,wewereabletodistinguishbetweenthetwogroupsofnerverootsleavingthespinalcord.Theventralrootssendinformationtothemuscle;thedorsalrootssendinformationbacktothespinalcord.Thedorsalrootscausespasticity,andifjusttherightonesaresevered，thesymptomscanbegreatlyreduced.

NearlyhalfamillionAmericanssufferfromcerebralpalsy.NotallarecandidatesforSDR,butParkestimatesthatasmanyashalfmaybe.Hegetsthebestresultswithchildrenbetweenages2and6whowerebornprematurelyandhavestiffnessonlyintheirlegs.Heisknownforperformingtheoperationveryhighupinthespine，rightwherethenerverootsexitthespinalcord.It’sriskierthatway,buttherecoveryisfaster,andinPark’sskilledhands,thesuccessrateishigher.

CindyandJeremyHickmanwilltestifytothat.Justafewweeksaftertheprocedure，twooftheirsonsarewalkingalmostnormallyandthethirdisrapidlyimproving.

1.Whenthetripletswereborn,_______.

2.Cerebralpalsyis____.

3.Therearemoreandmorecasesofcerebralpalsy_______.

4.Dr.T.S.Park____.

5.SDRisaprocedureof____.

问题1选项

A.boththetripletsandtheirmothernearlydied

B.theydidn’thavecerebralpalsy

C.doctorsdidn’tbelievetheyweregoingtosurvive

D.theyreceivedmedicalinterventionlikebrainshunts

问题2选项

A.deadlydisease

B.akindofbraindisorder

C.nottreatableforchildrenwhoareover6andhavestiffnessintheirlegs

D.tobecuredbyisolatingandcuttingofftherightnerveroots

问题3选项

A.becausetherearemoreandmoretriplets

B.becausemoreandmorebabiesprematurelybornareabletosurvive

C.sotherearemorecasesofsuccessfultreatment

D.sotherearemorecandidatesforSDR

问题4选项

A.isasuccessfulpioneerinadoptingSDRoperationsinCPtreatment

B.isfamousbecauseofhissuccesswiththetripletswhoareverydifficultcases

C.isambitiousbyhopingtodoanother1，000SDRoperations

D.isnotcautiousenoughbytakingriskstoperformtheoperationveryhighupthespine

问题5选项

A.prenatalinterventionusingdeliverypostponingtechniques

B.surgicalinterventionafterbirthtoreducespasticsymptoms

C.isolatingandseveringeitherofthetwogroupsofnerverootsleavingthespinalcord

D.greatriskandhighefficiency

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节理解题。根据文章第二段，“Then,afterayearofheroicinterventions—brainshunts，tracheotomies,skullremodeling…theHickmanlearnedthattheirtripletshadcerebralpalsy.”，可知三胞胎出生后，他们接受了一系列的医疗干预，比如大脑分流术、气管切开术等等，最终得知三胞胎患有脑瘫。选项D符合题意。

2.细节理解题。根据第三段第一句，“…cerebralpalsy，adisordercausedbydamagetothemotorcentersofthebrain.”，逗号后面是对脑瘫这个名词的解释。选项B符合题意。

3.细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句，“Soalthoughtheincidenceofcerebralpalsyseemstobeincreasing(becausetheoddsofpreemiessurvivingaresomuchbetter),sotooarethenumberofsuccessstories.”，括号中由because引导的原因状语从句就是对上一句的原因解释，可知脑瘫的发病率似乎在增加的原因是早产儿存活的几率高。选项B符合题意。

4.细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句,“AmongthefirsttochampionSDRintheU.S.…whohasperformedmorethan800oftheseoperationsandhopestodoanadditional1,000beforeheretires.”，可知Dr.T.S.Park是美国治疗脑瘫疾病中，第一批成功采用SDR手术的人。选项A符合题意。

5.细节理解题。根据第七段最后一句，“Thedorsalrootscausespasticity,andifjusttherightonesaresevered，thesymptomscanbegreatlyreduced.”，上文提到SDR手术的实施过程和原理，本句是这种手术的目的和结果，可知SDR可以大大减少痉挛症状。选项B符合题意。

4.单选题

Histemperandpersonalityshowthathecanbecomeasoldierofthetop______.

问题1选项

A.circle

B.rank

C.category

D.grade

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.circle圆圈B.rank（尤指较高的）地位，级别

C.category（人或事物的）类别，种类D.grade等级，品级

【答案】B

【考查点】名词辨析。

【解题思路】根据关键词soldier和top可知，此处是指最高军衔的军人，而rank指人在社会中的地位或等级，尤指军队中的军衔，符合句意，故该题选择B项。

【干扰项排除】

A、C项不符合句意；

D项是指按照地位或优劣划分的等级，是比较宽泛的等级，放在句中不恰当。

【句意】他的脾气和个性表明他能成为一名有最高军衔的军人。

5.翻译题

如果要我用一个词来概括优秀经理人员的话，那我就会说是果断。你可以使用世界上最复杂的计算机，你可以收集所有的图表和数字，但最终你必须把所有的信息汇集起来，提出一张时间表，然后采取行动。

一位企业领导人希望得到所有事实，坚持等到研究工作能确保某项计划定会成功后才采取行动，这是非常自然的事情。如果你要花三亿美元开发一项新产品，你毕竟希望绝对保证你的做法是对的。在理论上是不错的，现实生活中却并非如此。毫无疑问，你有责任尽量多地收集有关事实和数据。但到了某一时刻，你必须根据自己的信念跳一步，迅速地做出决定才行。因为，第一，即使是正确的决定，做得太晚，也会变成错误的；第二，在大多数情况下，根本就没有十拿九稳的事情。有时候，最优秀的经理人员，也会像牵着一条大狗的小孩一样，先要弄清楚狗想往哪儿去，再把它往哪儿牵。

决策者需要多少信息才算够用呢？要提出一个具体数字是不可能的；但如果你只有50%的事实就贸然行动，那你成功的可能性显然就会微乎其微。如果是这样的话，你最好是吉星高照，要不然也得有极妙的预感。有时候这种冒险是需要的，但管理铁路却不可这样。

【答案】IfIhadtouseonewordtodescribeagoodmanager,itwouldbedecisiveness.Youcanusethemostsophisticatedcomputerintheworld,youcancollectallthechartsandfigures,butultimatelyyouhavetoputalltheinformationtogether.Putforwardaschedule,andthentakeaction.

Acorporateleadershopetogetallthefacts,adheretowaitforworktoensurethataplanwillbesuccessfulbeforetakingaction,itisverynaturalthing.Ifyouwanttospend$3hundredmilliontodevelopanewproduct,youwantabsoluteguaranteethatyourapproachisrightafterallisgoodintheory,inreallifeisnotthecase.Thereisnodoubtthatyourdutytocollectasmuchaspossibletoholdtherelevantfactsandfigures.Butatacertainmoment,youmustaccordingtotheirownbeliefsjumpstep,makeadecisionquickly.Becausefirstofall,eventherightdecision,madetoolate,willbewrong;second,inmostcases,therearenoguarantees.Sometimesthebestmanagers,likekidswithabigdog,havetofigureoutwherethedogwantstogo,andthenwheretoleadit.

Howmuchinformationisenoughfordecisionmakers?Itwasimpossibletocomeupwithaspecificfigure.Butifyoujumpinwithonly50percentofthefacts,thenyourchancesofsuccessareobviouslyveryslimandifthat’sthecase,you’dbetterbelucky,oryouhavetohaveagreatsenseofforeboding.Sometimesyouneedtotakeriskslikethat,butyoudon’tneedtorunarailroad

6.单选题

TherewasonethingthatshockedmeabouttheQueenwhenhewalkedintotheroomwithMrs.Obama,namelyherheight;theBritishmonarchisonly163cmtall,muchshorterthanIhadimagined.

问题1选项

A.shockedmeabout

B.whenhewalkedintothe

C.namely

D.hadimagined.

E.没有问题

【答案】B

【解析】人称代词误用。he改为she。句中queen（女王）指的是女性。

7.单选题

Thewaterswererisingabouttherockandwouldsoon（

）it.

问题1选项

A.flood

B.submerge

C.underrate

D.yield

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。flood意为“淹没，泛滥”，指淹没大片区域；submerge意为“浸没，淹没”，指淹没某个物体；underrate意为“过低评价，低估”；yield意为“屈服，投降”。

句意：水在岩石周围上升，很快就会淹没它。

8.单选题

Theageofthegeneralpractitionerisover.Moreandmoregraduatesofmedicalschoolstendto（

）,thatis,toconcentrateonlimitedareasoftheirresearch.

问题1选项

A.generalize

B.rationalize

C.study

D.specialize

【答案】D

【解析】考察动词词义辨析。generalize“概括”；rationalize“使合理化”；study“研究，学习”；specialize“专攻”。句意：全科医生的时代过去了。越来越多的医科学校的毕业生倾向于专攻，即专心把精力集中在有限的领域。选项D符合题意。

9.翻译题

Youshould,forexample,dressneatlyandmodestly.Ifyoudresstooinformally,theinterviewermaythinkthatyouarenotseriousabouttheintervieworthatyoumaybecasualaboutyourfuturework.Clothesthataretooexpensiveortoocolorfulmaysuggestthatyoudonotunderstandwhatbehaviorisappropriateforthejob.Itmaynotbetruethat“clothesmaketheman”,butthefirstandoftenlastingimpressionofyouisdeterminedbytheclothesyouwear.

【答案】例如，你应该着装整洁且恰当。如果你穿得太随便，面试的人可能会认为你对面试不认真，或者认为你不在意未来的工作。太贵或太鲜艳的衣服可能表明你不懂什么行为适合这份工作。“人靠衣装”这句话也许不对，但你给人的第一印象，往往是持久的印象，这是由你的着装所决定的。

10.单选题

Abeamoflightwillnotbendroundthecornersunless______todosowiththehelpofareflectingdevice.

问题1选项

A.tobemade

B.havingmade

C.beingdone

D.made

【答案】D

【解析】【试题解析】考查定语从句。句意：一束光除非借助反射装置，否则不会沿拐角弯曲。unless在表示“除非”时，如其引导的从句谓语是be动词，而从句的主语跟主句的主语相同时，从句的主语和be动词就可省略。有时从句中主语为it时，也可省略it或从句中的有关成分。在这里unless引导省略了成份的状语从句，unlessitismadetodosowiththehelpofareflectingdevice是完整的从句。去掉itis后D选项made正确。选项符合题意。因此D选项正确。

11.单选题

Theserviceoperates15librariesthroughoutthecountry,whilesix（）librariesspeciallyservethecountryside.

问题1选项

A.mobile

B.drifting

C.shifting

D.rotating

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项mobile“可移动的，易变的”；B选项drifting“漂流的；飘动的”，一般是指由风或者水飘动着；C选项shifting“不断移动的，不断变化的”，也可以变换形态；D选项rotating“旋转的”。句意：这项服务管理全国15所图书馆，其中6所……图书馆专为农村地区服务。这里的形容词修饰的是后面的libraries图书馆。移动图书馆有专业术语为mobilelibrary，因此A选项符合题意。

12.单选题

Thecriminalmadea(n)（

）forfreedombytryingtorunaway.

问题1选项

A.resort

B.plea

C.appeal

D.bid

【答案】D

【解析】考察名词词义辨析。resort“手段”；plea“请求”；appeal“呼吁”；bid“投标”。句意：罪犯试图通过逃跑来争取自由。makeabidfor争取……，选项D符合题意。

13.填空题

Thisafternoonwe’remeetingwith（1）E.U.environmentalofficialandsomeAustralianspecialiststotalkabouthowto（2）groundwaterpollutionintheTianjinarea.

【答案】1.an

2.prevent

【解析】1.语法题。考查不定冠词。第一个空格后的“official官员”为单数知第一个空格应填一个不定冠词a或an,再由EU的发音“[，i:'ju:]"中第一个字母为元音发音知第一个空应填“an”。

2.语义题。句意:探讨天津地区地下水污染防治对策

14.单选题

Thereisageneral______thatpouringoldwineintothesamebottlesisthewrongwaytogo.

问题1选项

A.consensus

B.census

C.censorship

D.conscience

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项consensus“一致；舆论；合意”；B选项census“人口普查，人口调查；（官方的）统计，调查”；C选项censorship“审查制度；审查机构”；D选项conscience“道德心，良心”。句意：人们普遍认为，把陈年的酒倒进同一个瓶子里是错误的做法。因此A选项正确。

15.单选题

BecauseofherdualnationalityintheUnitedStatesandMexico,Mariawasalmostrequiredtopaytaxesinbothcountriesuntilheraccountant（）withasatisfactorysolutionforbothcountries.

问题1选项

A.intercepted

B.interacted

C.interpreted

D.intervened

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项intercepted“拦截；截断；窃听”；B选项interacted“互相影响；互相作用”；C选项interpreted“说明；口译；解释”；D选项intervened“干涉；调停；插入”。句意：由于具有美国和墨西哥两个国籍，Maria需要付两份税，直到她的会计师的干预才获得一个满意的解决方案。本句表示“在会计的干涉下解决问题”，因此D选项正确。

16.写作题

Directions:Writeacompositioninthetitle“OnAgingSociety”basedonthefollowinggivenoutline.Yourcompositionshouldbeabout150Englishwords.PleasewriteyourcompositionontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】ThereisaclassicquestioninChinawhichmayseembizarreintheeyesofforeigners:shouldwehelptheoldpeoplewhofelldownonthestreet?Thetopiciscontroversialbecauseithappenedthatpeoplewhohelpedtheoldpeoplegotthemselvesintrouble.Ibelieveweshouldalwaysofferassistancetoseniorpeoplewhofelldown,becauseifwedon’t,citizenshipwillneverprevail.

Thisdilemmashowsthelackoftrustamongusandithasbeentranslatedintotheindifferencetoothers,consideringthatwehaveenteredintoa“societyofstrangers”.Andthesituationhasbeenworsenedbytheunpleasantcasesthathavehappened.Butifwewanttoseechanges,weneedtodotherightthing,andifweallchoosetodoso,therewillbenoroomfordeceptionandblackmail.Inthatcase,justicewillgaintheupperhand.

Itismoreimportantforthegovernmentandpublicmediatoformanagreeableenvironmentthatencouragespeopletodotherightthing.Ontheonehand,Thegovernmentshoulduseitshardpowertoestablishlawstoprotectpeoplewhoofferhelpandpunishthosetakingadvantageofpeople’skindness.Ontheotherhand,publicmediashouldmakefulluseofitssoftpowertoraisepeople’sawarenessofcitizenship.Ithastotellpeoplewhatisrightandwhatiswrong,andshouldnothypethebadexamplesinwhichkindheartedpeoplegetextorted.

17.单选题

AtplanningmeetingswiththeseniormanagementIoftenhadtoendurepredictablelittlejokesaboutme,butItookthem______.

问题1选项

A.withaviolentlaugh

B.onmyconscience

C.withagoodgrace

D.inthebesthumor

【答案】D

【解析】考查短语辨析。A项withaviolentlaugh“狂笑”，B项onmyconscience“在意”，C项withagoodgrace“情愿地，欣然地”，D项inthebesthumor“以最幽默的方式”。由前面句子的句意“在策划与高级管理人员的会议时，我经常不得不忍受那些不出所料关于我的小笑话”，结合后面的but转折可知，“以最幽默的方式”符合语境。句意：在策划与高级管理人员的会议时，我经常不得不忍受那些可以预见的关于我的小笑话，但我以最幽默的方式接受了它们。因此，该题选择D项正确。

18.单选题

Howeverimportantweregardschoollifetobe,thereisnogainsayingthefactthatchildrenspendmoretimeathomethanintheclassroom.Therefore,thegreatinfluenceofparentscannotbeignoredordiscountedbytheteacher.Theycanbecomestrongalliesoftheschoolpersonnelortheycanconsciouslyorunconsciouslyhinderandthwartcurricularobjectives.

Administratorshavebeenawareoftheneedtokeepparentsapprisedofthenewermethodsusedinschools.Manyprincipalshaveconductedworkshopsexplainingsuchmatterasthereadingreadinessprogram,manuscriptwritinganddevelopmentalmathematics.

Moreover,theclassroomteacher,withthepermissionofthesupervisors,canalsoplayanimportantroleinenlighteningparents.Theinformalteaandmanyinterviewscarriedonduringtheyear,aswellasnewwaysofreportingpupils’progress,cansignificantlyaidinachievingaharmoniousinterplaybetweenschoolandhome.

Toillustrate,supposethatafatherhasbeendrillingJuniorinarithmeticprocessesnightafternight.Inafriendlyinterview,theteachercanhelptheparentsublimatehisnaturalpaternalinterestintoproductivechannels.HemightbepersuadedtoletJuniorparticipateindiscussingthefamilybudget,buyingthefood,usingayardstickormeasuringcupathome,settingtheclock,calculatingmileageonatripandengaginginscoresofotheractivitiesthathaveamathematicalbasis.

Ifthefatherfollowstheadvice,itisreasonabletoassumethathewillsoonrealizehissonismakingsatisfactoryprogressinmathematics,andatthesametime,enjoyingthework.

Toooften,however,teachers’conferenceswithparentsaredevotedtopettyaccountsofchildren’smisdemeanors,complaintsaboutlazinessandpoorworkhabits,andsuggestionforpenaltiesandrewardsathome.

Whatisneededismorecreativeapproachinwhichtheteacher,asaprofessionaladviser,plantsideasinparents’mindsforthebestutilizationofthemanyhoursthatthechildspendsoutoftheclassroom.Inthisway,theschoolandthehomejoinforcesinfosteringthefullestdevelopmentofyoungsters’capacities.

1.Thecentralideaconveyedintheabovepassageisthat（）.

2.Itcanreasonablybeinferredthattheauthor（）.

3.Wemayinferthatthewriterofthisarticledoesnotfavor（）.

问题1选项

A.hometrainingismoreimportantthanschooltrainingbecauseachildspendssomanyhourswithhisparents

B.teacherscanandshouldhelpparentstounderstandandfurthertheobjectivesoftheschool

C.therearemanywaysinwhichthemathematicsprogramcanbeimplementedathome

D.parentsunwittinglyhavehinderedandthwartedcurricularobjectives

问题2选项

A.issatisfiedwithpresentrelationshipsbetweenhomeandschool

B.feelsthatthetraditionalprograminmathematicsisslightlysuperiortothedevelopmentalprogram

C.feelsthatparent-teacherinterviewscanbemademuchmoreconstructivethantheyareatpresent

D.isoftheopinionthatteachersofthisgenerationareinferiortothoseofthelastgeneration

问题3选项

A.afather’shelpinghissonwiththelatter’sstudies

B.writtencommunicationstotheparentfromtheteacher

C.havingtheparentsobservelessonswhichthechildrenarebeingtaught

D.principal-parentconferencesratherthanteacher-parentconferences

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

【解析】1.主旨大意题。结合全文内容可知，第一段提出父母对孩子的影响是不容忽视的，接下来的内容主要是讨论如何帮助家长理解并且推进学校目标的关键——教师。所以选项B更能概括全文。

2.细节推理题。根据最后一段的内容，作为一名专业顾问，教师最需要的是一种创造性的方法和家长沟通，以便他们知道如何有效的利用孩子们的课外时间。由此可知，作者认为教师和家长之间的沟通可以更进一步，更具有建设性意义。选项C符合原文。

3.信息推断题。根据第三段的内容可知，老师在得到管理员允许的情况下也可以起到启发家长的重要作用，非正式的茶会和许多访谈，以及报告学生进步的新方法，都可以显著地帮助实现学校和家庭之间的和谐互动。由此可知，作者支持的是老师来进行面谈会而不是校长，所以选项D符合原文。

19.单选题

Loudspeakersarefixedinthehallsothateveryone（）anopportunitytohearthespeech.

问题1选项

A.oughttohave

B.musthave

C.mayhave

D.shouldhave

【答案】D

【解析】考查目的状语从句。sothat引导的目的状语从句，从句中常用情态动词can/may。但是本句主句用的是过去时态，所以从句也应该用相应的表示过去的时态，因此C项mayhave应该改为mighthave才正确。A选项oughtto“应该”，强调主观上的应当，含有责任，义务，故排除。B选项musthave“必须要”，语气过于强烈，故排除。只有D选项shouldhave“应该有”符合题意。句意：礼堂里安装了扩音器，以便大家都可以听到演讲。综上所述，本题的正确答案是D选项。

20.单选题

Whathesaidinthemeeting（）everybodypresent.

问题1选项

A.repelled

B.dismissed

C.disposed

D.eliminated

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项repel“抵制，使厌恶”；B选项dismiss“解散，不予考虑”；C选项dispose“处理，处置”；D选项eliminate“消除，排除”。句意：他说的话令在场的所有人厌恶。由选项意思和句意可知，A选项符合句意。

21.单选题

CardinalMEZZOFANTIofBolognawasasecularsaintwhowassaidtospeak72languages.Or50.Noonewascertainofthetruefigure,butitwasalot.VisitorsflockedfromallcomersofEuropetotesthimandcameawaystunned.Twocondemnedprisonerswereduetobeexecuted,butnooneknewtheirlanguagetoheartheirconfession.Mezzofantilearneditinanight,heardtheirsinsthenextmorningandsavedthemfromhell.

Orsothelegendgoes.In“BabelNoMore”,MichaelErardhaswrittenthefirstseriousbookaboutthepeoplewhomastervastnumbersoflanguages—orclaimto.Ajournalistwithsomelinguisticstraining,Mr.Erardisnotahyperpolyglothimself(hespeakssomeSpanishandChinese),butheapproacheshistopicwithbothwonderandahealthydashofscepticism.

Tofindoutwhetheranyonecouldreallylearnsomanylanguages,Mr.ErardsetouttofindModernMezzofantis.Thepeoplehemeetsarecertainlyinteresting.Onemanwithamentalageofninehasavastmemoryforforeignwordsandtheuseofgrammaticalendings,buthecannotseemtobreakfreeofEnglishwordorder.KenHals,whowasalinguistattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyanddiedin2001,wassaidtohavelearned50languages.Professionallinguistssillswearbyhistalent.Butheinsistedhespokeonlythree(English,SpanishandWarlpiri—fromAustralia’sNorthernTerritory)andcouldmerely“talk”inothers.Mr.Erardsaysthattruehyperpolyglotterybeginsatabout11languages,andthatwhilelegendsabound,triedandtestedexemplarsarefew.

Attheendofhisstory,however,ErardfindsasurpriseinMezzofanti’sarchive:flashcards.Stacksofthem,inGeorgian,Hungarian,Arabic,Algonquinandnineothertongues.Theworld’smostcelebratedhyperpolyglotreliedonthesametoolsgiventofirst-yearlanguagelearnerstoday.Theconclusion?Hyperpolyglotsmaybeginwithtalentbuttheyaren’tgeniuses.Theysimplyenjoytasksthataredrudgerytonormalpeople.Thetalentandenjoymentdriveavirtuouscyclethatpushesthemtofeatsotherssimplyshaketheirheadsat.

1.Theword“hyperpolyglot”(para.2)referstotheonewho（）.

2.By“ahealthydashofskepticism”,theauthordemonstratesMr.Erard’s（）.

3.Mr.Erard’seffortstofindtheModernMezzofantis（）.

4.Whatistheemphasisinthelastparagraph?

5.Thepassageismostlikelyapartof（）.

问题1选项

A.enjoyslearninglanguages

B.receivesstrictlanguagetraining

C.speaksmanylanguages

D.excelsinlanguagetests

问题2选项

A.biasedopinion

B.objectiveattitude

C.strongmotivation

D.extremecuriosity

问题3选项

A.arenotveryfruitful

B.willnotendinvain

C.seemtopayoff

D.arehighlyappreciated

问题4选项

A.Thereisnoshortcutinlanguagelearning.

B.Weallhavethepotentialtobeagoodlanguagelearner.

C.Somepeoplearemoregiftedtolearnlanguages.

D.Goodlanguagelearnershavespeciallearningtechniques.

问题5选项

A.aresearchpaper

B.asciencefiction

C.anewsreport

D.abookreview

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】1.语义推测题。根据第二段第三句Ajournalistwithsomelinguisticstraining,Mr.Erardisnotahyperpolyglothimself(hespeakssomeSpanishandChinese)，（埃拉尔是一名记者，接受过一些语言学训练，但他自己并不是（），他会说一点西班牙语和汉语），会说一点西班牙语和汉语用来补充解释前面的hyperpolyglot，和C选项“会说多种语言”对应，hyperpolyglot是“语言狂人”，故C选项正确。A选项“喜欢学语言”文章没有提到。B选项“接受严格的语言训练”：Erard学过一些，说不上严格。D选项“擅长语言测试”，文章没有讲语言测试。因此C选项正确。

2.语义推测题。根据第三段最后一句Mr.Erardsaysthattruehyperpolyglotterybeginsatabout11languages,andthatwhilelegendsabound,triedandtestedexemplarsarefew.（埃拉尔说，真正的语言狂人大约从会11种语言开始，虽然传说比比皆是，但经过验证的例子却很少。），可知实际上语言狂人没有大家所知的那么多，所以Erard的怀疑是客观的，故B选项“客观的态度”正确，A选项“有偏见的观点”错误。C选项“强烈的动机”和D选项“极度的好奇心”和事例无关。因此B选项正确。

3.语义推测题。根据第三段第一句Tofindoutwhetheranyonecouldreallylearnsomanylanguages,Mr.ErardsetouttofindModernMezzofantis.（为了弄清楚是否真的有人能学会这么多语言，埃拉尔开始寻找现代的Mezzofantis。），和第三段最后一句triedandtestedexemplarsarefew（通过验证的例子很少），表明Erard的调查目的起码有些成效，故C选项“似乎有回报”正确。A选项“都不是很有成效”：在这过程中Erard遇到很多有趣的人，做了一些测试，得到一些结果。B选项“不会徒然结束”：没有提到后续相关事情。D选项“高度赞赏”：文中没有对调查结果的评价。因此C选项正确。

4.语义推测题。根据第四段最后两句Theysimplyenjoytasksthataredrudgerytonormalpeople.Thetalentandenjoymentdriveavirtuouscyclethatpushesthemtofeatsotherssimplyshaketheirheadsat.（他们只是喜欢那些对普通人来说是苦差事的工作。天赋和乐趣驱动着一个良性循环，推动他们去完成别人根本不屑的壮举。），天赋和乐趣推动掌握多种语言的人持续不断的学习，也就是对普通人来说是苦差事又不屑的壮举，故A选项“语言学习没有捷径”正确。B选项“我们都有潜力成为一个好的语言学习者”和C选项“有些人在学习语言方面更有天赋”：有的人一开始或许是有天赋，但有天赋还不够，而持续学习不是普通人会做的。D选项“好的语言学习者有特殊的学习技巧”：根据最后一段第三句Theworld’smostcelebratedhyperpolyglotreliedonthe