考研考博-英语-兰州石化职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解3

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-兰州石化职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Huntingforajoblatelastyear,lawyerGantRedmonstumbledacrossCareerBuilder,ajobdatabaseontheInternet.Hesearcheditwithnosuccessbutwasattractedbythesite's“personalsearchagent”.It'saninteractivefeaturethatletsvisitorskeyinjobcriteriasuchaslocation,title,andsalarythenE-mailsthemwhenamatchingpositionispostedinthedatabase.Redmonchosethekeywordslegal,intellectualproperty,andWashington,D,C.Threeweekslater,hegothisfirstnotificationofanopening."IstruckgoldsaysRedmon,whoe-mailedhisresumetotheemployerandwonapositionasin-housecounselforacompany.

Withthousandsofcareer-relatedsitesontheInternet,findingpromisingopeningscanbetime-consumingandinefficient,Searchagentsreducetheneedforrepeatedvisitstothedatabases.ButalthoughasearchagentworkedforRedmon,careerexpertsseedrawbacks.Narrowingyourcriteria,forexample,mayworkagainstyou:Everytimeyouansweraquestionyoueliminateapossibility,saysoneexpert.

Foranyjobsearch,youshouldstartwithanarrowconceptwhatyouthinkyouwanttodo-thenbroadenit."Noneoftheseprogramsdothatsaysanotherexpert."there'snocareercounselingimplicitinallofthis."Instead,thebeststrategyistousetheagentasakindoftipservicetokeepabreastofjobsinaparticulardatabase,whenyougete-mail,consideritaremindertocheckthedatabaseagain."Iwouldnotrelyonagentsforfindingeverythingthatisaddedtoadatabasethatmightinterestme,saystheauthorofajob-searchingguide.

Somesitesdesigntheiragentstotemptjobhunterstoreturn.WhenCareerSite'sagentsendsoutmessagestothosewhohavesignedupforitsservice,forexample,itincludesonlythreepotentialjobsthoseitconsidersthebestmatches.Theremaybemorematchesinthedatabase;jobhunterswillhavetovisitthesiteagaintofindthemandtheydo."Onthedayafterwesendourmessages,weseeasharpincreaseinourtraffic,saysSethPeets,vicepresidentofmarketingforCareerSite.Eventhosewhoaren’thuntingforjobsmayfindsearchagentsworthwhile.Someusethemtokeepaclosewatchonthedemandfortheirlineofworkorgatherinformationoncompensationtoarmthemselveswhennegotiatingforaraise.Althoughhappilyemployed,RedmonmaintainshisagentatCareerBuilder,"Youalwayskeepyoureyesopen,hesays.Workingwithapersonalsearchagentmeanshavinganothersetofeyeslookingoutforyou.

1.HowdidRedmonfindhisjob?

2.Whichofthefollowingcanbeadisadvantageofsearchagents?

3.Theexpression"tipservice"(Line4,Paragraph3)mostprobablymeans（

）.

4.WhydoesCareerSite'sagentoffereachjobhunteronlythreejoboptions?

5.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?

问题1选项

A.Bysearchingopeningsinajobdatabase.

B.Bypostingamatchingpositioninadatabase.

C.Byusingaspecialserviceofadatabase.

D.Bye-mailinghisresumetoadatabase.

问题2选项

A.Lackofcounseling.

B.Limitednumberofvisits.

C.Lowerefficiency.

D.Fewersuccessfulmatches.

问题3选项

A.advisory

B.compensation

C.interaction

D.reminder

问题4选项

A.Tofocusonbetterjobmatches.

B.Toattractmorereturningvisits.

C.Toreservespaceformoremessages.

D.Toincreasetherateofsuccess.

问题5选项

A.Personalsearchagentsareindispensabletojob-hunters.

B.Somesiteskeepe-mailingjobseekerstotracetheirdemands.

C.Personalsearchagentsarealsohelpfultothosealreadyemployed.

D.Someagentsstopsendinginformationtopeopleoncetheyareemployed.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。由文章第一段中ajobdatabaseontheInternet...“personalsearchagent”.It'saninteractivefeaturethatletsvisitorskeyinjobcriteriasuchaslocation,title,andsalarythenE-mailsthemwhenamatchingpositionispostedinthedatabase.可知Redmon是通过使用数据库的特殊服务找到工作的，因此选C。

第2题:细节事实题。由文章第三段中there'snocareercounselingimplicitinallofthis（所有这些都没有隐含的职业咨询）可知选A。

第3题:词义题。advisory意为“咨询，劝告”；compensation意为“补偿，赔偿”；interaction意为“互动”；reminder意为“提示”。由文章第四段中Instead,thebeststrategyistousetheagentasakindoftipservicetokeepabreastofjobsinaparticulardatabase,whenyougete-mail,consideritaremindertocheckthedatabaseagain.（相反，最好的策略是使用代理作为一种“tipservice”，以随时了解特定数据库中的工作，当你收到电子邮件时，把它当成一个提示，该再次检查数据库了）可知D选项符合题意。

第4题:细节事实题。由文章最后一段中Somesitesdesigntheiragentstotemptjobhunterstoreturn.（一些网站设计他们的代理来吸引求职者返回）WhenCareerSite'sagentsendsoutmessagestothosewhohavesignedupforitsservice,forexample,itincludesonlythreepotentialjobsthoseitconsidersthebestmatches.可知选B。

第5题:细节事实题。由文章最后一段中Eventhosewhoaren’thuntingforjobsmayfindsearchagentsworthwhile.Someusethemtokeepaclosewatchonthedemandfortheirlineofworkorgatherinformationoncompensationtoarmthemselveswhennegotiatingforaraise.Althoughhappilyemployed.可知非求职人员可以利用搜索代理来关注对他们工作岗位的需求以及薪资，这对他们也是有用的，因此选C。

2.单选题

The（）featureinTed’scharacterwaspride;hecouldn’teverthinkofdependingonanyonebuthimself.

问题1选项

A.controlling

B.prevailing

C.predominant

D.primary

【答案】C

【解析】形容词词义辨析。controlling“控制的”；prevailing“流行的，占优势的”；predominant“主要的，显著的”；primary“基本的，主要的”。句意：泰德最主要的性格是骄傲，除了自己，他从没想要依靠其他人。选项C符合题意。

3.单选题

IntheUnitedStates,thefirstdaynurserywasopenedin1854.Nurserieswereestablishedinvariousareasduringthe（1）halfofthe19thcentury;mostof（2）werecharitable.BothinEuropeandintheU.S.,theday-nurserymovementreceivedgreat（3）duringtheFirstWorldWar,when（4）ofmanpowercausedtheindustrialemploymentofunprecedentednumbersofwomen.InsomeEuropeancountries,nurserieswereestablished（5）inmunitionsplants,underdirectgovernmentsponsorship.（6）thenumberofnurseriesintheU.S.alsorose（7）,thisrisewasaccomplishedwithoutgovernmentaidofanykind.DuringtheyearsfollowingtheFirstWorldWar,（8）,FederalStateandlocalgovernmentsgraduallybegantoexerciseameasureofcontrol（9）thedaynurseries,chieflyby（10）themandbyinspectingandregulatingtheconditionswithinthenurseries.

问题1选项

A.latter

B.other

C.late

D.first

问题2选项

A.those

B.them

C.whose

D.which

问题3选项

A.impetus

B.input

C.imitation

D.initiative

问题4选项

A.sources

B.abundance

C.shortage

D.reduction

问题5选项

A.hardly

B.entirely

C.only

D.even

问题6选项

A.Because

B.As

C.Since

D.Although

问题7选项

A.unanimously

B.sharply

C.predominantly

D.militantly

问题8选项

A.therefore

B.consequently

C.however

D.moreover

问题9选项

A.over

B.in

C.at

D.about

问题10选项

A.formulating

B.labeling

C.patenting

D.licensing

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:D

第6题:D

第7题:B

第8题:C

第9题:A

第10题:A

【解析】（1）上下文语义题。根据上文中提到1954年，时间应该为19世纪后期，故选项A符合题意。

（2）代词词义解析。本句为一个独立的简单句，所以课排除关系代词whose和which，those意思是他们的形容词性物主代词，选项B符合题意。

（3）名词词义解析。impetus“推动”；input“输入”；imitation“模仿”；initiative“主动权”。句意：日托所运动在一战期间受到了极大的推动力。选项A符合题意。

（4）上下文语境题。sources“来源”；abundance“丰富：充裕”；shortage“短缺”；reduction“减少”。此句的意思应该表示男性劳动力的短缺，选项C符合题意。

（5）逻辑关系考查题。根据上下文，这里是对建立日托所运动的一个进一步说明。所以用even甚至这个单词。选项D符合题意。

（6）逻辑关系考查题。文章中的“withoutgovernmentaidofanykind”与“underdirectgovernmentsponsorship”存在鲜明对比，意思完全相反，所以有转折意思。选项D符合题意。

（7）考查副词。unanimously“无异议地”；sharply“急剧地”；predominantly“支配地”；militantly“好战地”。句意：在美国，托儿所的数量急速增长，政府并未给予援助。选项B符合题意。

（8）逻辑关系考查。根据上下文，此句存在转折意义。选项C符合题意。

（9）固定短语考查。考查介词搭配，controlover“控制”，选项A符合题意。

（10）动词词义辨析。formulating“规范”；labeling“贴标签”；patenting“取得……的专利权”；licensing“批准”。选项A符合题意。

4.单选题

Wemaintainareflexive,（）affectionforUncleRalph,theboringfellowwithinterminablestoriesofatimeweneverknew.

问题1选项

A.hateful

B.distanced

C.loving

D.glaring

【答案】B

【解析】形容词词义辨析。hateful“可恨的”；distanced“距离远的”；loving“忠诚的”；glaring“耀眼的，瞪视的”。句意：我们对Ralph叔叔有一种反射式的疏远式的喜爱，这个无聊的家伙一次性没完没了地讲了很多我们不知道的故事。选项B符合题意。

5.单选题

Duetosluggishmarketconditions,thefactory'sworkforcehas（）fromover4,000toafewhundred.

问题1选项

A.proclaimed

B.dwindled

C.repressed

D.indulged

【答案】B

【解析】动词辨析题。proclaimed公告；dwindled减少，变小，缩小；repressed抑制，镇压，约束；indulged放任，放纵。句意：由于市场不景气，工厂的工人已从4000多人减少到几百人。选项B符合句意。

6.单选题

Intheseventeenthcentury,peoplebelievedthatmaggotscamefromdecayingthings.ButFrancescoRedi,ascientist,couldnotbelievethis.“Howcouldlivingthingscomefromdealthings?”heasked.Redibegantobelievethatallwormsfoundinthemeatwerederivedfromthedroppingsofflies,andnotfromthedecayingmeat.This,ofcourse,wasaguessandnotaconclusion.Scientistscallagoodguesslikethisa“workinghypothesis”becauseitgivesthescientistanideaofhowandwheretostarthiswork.

ThenRedibegantogatherandrecordfactstofindoutifhishypothesiswascorrect.Hedidthisbycarryingoutmanyexperiments,whichweredesignedtohelphimgetthefactsheneeded.

Redipreparedthreejarswithapieceofmeatineach.Heleftoneopen;anotherwascoveredwithcheesecloth;andthethirdwasairtight.Heobservednotonce,butmanytimes,thatthefliesflewtotheopenjarandlaidtheireggsonthemeat.

Theseeggshatchedintomaggots.Fliesalsoflewtothejarcoveredwithcheesecloth,althoughtheycouldnotgetintothejartolaytheireggsonthemeat.Fliesrarelyflewtotheairtightjar.Frommanysuchobservations,Rediconcludedthatmaggotscamefromflies’eggsandnotfromthemeat.

Rediwasnotsatisfiedwithdoingjustoneexperiment,Rather,heperformedthisexperimentmanytimesbeforearrivingathisconclusion.Inthism“”annerheeliminatedthepossibilitythathisresultswereduetochance(luck).

1.InhisexperimentRedileftonejaropen（

）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,anessentialpartofproperscientificexperimentalprocedureisto

（

）.

3.WhatwouldscientistRediprobablycommentonthetheorythatlifeonEarthevolvedfrombasicchemicalspresentintheEarth’sprimitiveatmosphereandseas?

4.Accordingtothepassage,thesignificancea“workinghypothesis”isthatit（

）.

问题1选项

A.becausehehadrunoutoflidsandcheesecloth

B.sothattheflieswouldhaveaccesstothemeat

C.accidentally

D.onlyonce

问题2选项

A.watcheverythingthathappenstolivingcreatures

B.ensurethatmanyvarietiesofasubstanceareused

C.varytheexperimentalconditionstoguaranteegoodresults

D.performnumeroustrialstoreducetheintrusionofrandomeffects

问题3选项

A.Thetheorywasver’reasonable.

B.Suchdevelopmentsarehighlyunlikely.

C.Othertheoriesofcreationwerepossible.

D.Moredataisneededtotestthetruthofthishypothesis.

问题4选项

A.givesthe“scientistsomething”toplaywithinhismind

B.providesamodelofthetrueuniverse

C.allowsusefulstructuringofexperiments

D.providesemploymentforscientists

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:A

【解析】1.判断推理题。定位到第一段：“Redibegantobelievethatallwormsfoundinthemeatwerederivedfromthedroppingsofflies,andnotfromthedecayingmeat.及第三段“Heobservednotonce,butmanytimes,thatthefliesflewtotheopenjarandlaidtheireggsonthemeat.”Redi开始相信所有在肉中发现的蠕虫都来自苍蝇的粪便，而不是腐烂的肉。他不止一次，而是很多次地观察到苍蝇飞到打开的罐子里，在肉上产卵。”与B项相符。

2.判断推理题。由第三段：Heobservednotonce,butmanytimes可知D项“进行多次尝试来减少随机效应”正确。A项“观察所有发生在生物身上的事情”；B项“确保使用多种物质”；C项“改变实验条件，保证实验结果良好”；D项“进行大量试验以减少随机效应的干扰”。

3.判断推理题。由“ThenRedibegantogatherandrecordfactstofindoutifhishypothesiswascorrect.Hedidthisbycarryingoutmanyexperiments,whichweredesignedtohelphimgetthefactsheneeded.以及Rediwasnotsatisfiedwithdoingjustoneexperiment,Rather,heperformedthisexperimentmanytimesbeforearrivingathisconclusion.Inthismannerheeliminatedthepossibilitythathisresultswereduetochance(luck).然后，雷迪开始收集和记录事实，以确定他的假设是否正确。他做了许多实验，目的是帮助他得到他所需要的事实。以及雷迪并不满足于做一个实验，相反，他执行这个实验多次到达他的结论。他用这种方法消除了他的结果是由于偶然（运气）的可能性。”可知Redi是一个注重过程，注重事实的科学家。故答案为D。

4.判断推理题。由第一段“Scientistscallagoodguesslikethisa“workinghypothesis”becauseitgivesthescientistanideaofhowandwheretostarthiswork.科学家们称这样的猜测为“有效假说”，因为它让科学家知道如何以及从哪里开始工作。”可知A项“有效假说让科学家知道该如何开始工作”符合题意。

7.翻译题

Evenwithouttheseprotections,individualscanacttoprotecttheirownprivacy.Insomecases,marketforcescancreateincentivesforcompaniestoprotectprivacyifconsumersconsistentlycallforsuchprotection.Consumersshouldstudyacompany’sprivacypolicyinitspromotionalliterature.Ifsuchapolicyisweakornonexistent,itisreasonabletoassumethatthecompanyusesanypersonalinformationitcapturesineverywayitlegallycan.

Consumerscanalsoprotecttheirprivacywhenfacedwithwhattheyconsiderexcessiverequestsforinformationbyaskingwhytheinformationispertinentorbyrefusingtoanswerthequestions.Finally,individualscantakeinitiativebyinformingothercitizensaboutspecificprivacyproblems.Manythreatstoprivacyremainunpublicizedsimplybecausetherearetoomanyofthemforexistingprivacyadvocatestotrack.EvensimpleresearchonanunpublicizedprivacyproblemcanhaveanimpactwhensubmittedtoarelevantInternetforum,watchdoggroup,ormediaoutlet.

【答案】即使没有这些保护措施，个人也可以采取行动保护自己的隐私。有时候，如果消费者一直呼吁隐私保护的话，市场力量可以为公司进行隐私保护而创造动机。消费者应该在公司的宣传推广资料中研究隐私权政策。如果这种政策不中用或者不存在的话，那么公司使用任何从合法渠道获取的个人信息会被认为是合理的。

当面对他们所认为的过分的信息要求时，消费者也可以通过询问信息为什么是相关的或者拒绝回答问题，以进行隐私保护。最后，个人可以通过告知其他公民关于具体的隐私问题来采取主动权。许多对隐私的威胁没有公开仅仅是因为对于目前的隐私提倡者来说，其中有太多隐私威胁需要追踪了。当提交给相关网络论坛、监察组织或者媒体时，甚至有关未公开的隐私问题的简单研究都能产生影响。

8.单选题

Davidtendstofeeluselessandunwantedinasocietythatgivessomuch（）tothosewhoareaggressiveandcompetewell.

问题1选项

A.regime

B.prestige

C.superiority

D.legislature

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项regime“政权；政体；社会制度；管理体制”；B选项prestige“威望；声望；声誉”；C选项superiority“优越；优势”；D选项legislature“立法机关；立法机构”。句意：在一个给予那些有进取心且相当有竞争力的人很多声誉的社会里，大卫倾向于认为自己无用且不被该社会所需要。根据句意可知B选项正确。

9.单选题

Peoplebuyinsuranceinorderto（）asmall,certain,tolerablelossforalarge,uncertain,catastrophicone.

问题1选项

A.return

B.substitute

C.institute

D.predict

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定词组搭配。固定搭配substitute...for...表示“用……代替……”。A选项return表示“返回，报答，回击”；C选项institute表示“实行，授予（学位），提起（诉讼）”；D选项predict表示“预言，预测”。【句意】人们买保险是为了用一个可以确定和容忍的小损失来替代大的、不确定的、灾难性的损失。

10.单选题

ThedomesticeconomyintheUnitedStatesexpandedinaremarkablyvigorousandsteadyfashion.Therevivalinconsumerconfidencewasreflectedinthehigherproportionofincomesspentforgoodsandservicesandthemarkedincreaseinconsumerwillingnesstotakeoninstallmentdebt.Aparallelstrengtheninginbusinesspsychologywasmanifestedinastepped-uprateofplantandequipmentspendingandagradualpickupinexpensesforinventory.Confidenceintheeconomywasalsoreflectedinthestrengthofthestockmarketandinthestabilityofthebondmarket.Fortheyearsasawhole,consumerandbusinesssentimentbenefitedfromtheeaseinEast-Westtensions.

Thebasesofthebusinessexpansionweretobefoundmainlyinthestimulativemonetaryandfiscalpoliciesthathadbeenpursued.Moreover,therestorationofsounderliquiditypositionsandtightermanagementcontrolofproductionefficiencyhadalsohelpedlaythegroundworkforastrongexpansion.Inaddition,theeconomicpolicymovesmadebythePresidenthadservedtorenewoptimismonthebusinessoutlookwhileboostinghopesthatinflationwouldbebroughtundermoreeffectivecontrol.Finally,ofcourse,theeconomywasabletogrowasvigorouslyasitdidbecausesufficientleewayexistedintermsofidlemenandmachines.

TheUnitedStatesbalanceofpaymentsdeficitdeclinedsharply.Nevertheless,byanyothertest,thedeficitremainedverylarge,andtherewasactuallyasubstantialdeteriorationinourtradeaccounttoasizabledeficit,almosttwo-thirdsofwhichwaswithJapan.Whiletheoveralltradeperformanceproveddisappointing,therearestillgoodreasonsforexpectingthedelayedimpactofdevaluationtoproduceintimeasignificantstrengtheninginourtradepicture.GiventhesizeoftheJapanesecomponentofourtradedeficit,however,theoutcomewilldependimportantlyontheextentofthecorrectivemeasuresundertakenbyJapan.AlsoimportantwillbeourowneffortsintheUnitedStatestofashioninternalpoliciesconsistentwithanimprovementinourexternalbalance.

Theunderlyingtaskofpublicpolicyfortheyearahead—andindeedforthelongerrun—remainedafamiliarone:tostriketherightbalancebetweenencouraginghealthyeconomicgrowthandavoidinginflationarypressures.Withtheeconomyshowingsustainedandvigorousgrowth,andwiththecurrencycrisishighlightingtheneedtoimproveourcompetitivepostureinternationally,theemphasisseemedtobeshiftingtotheproblemofinflation.ThePhaseThreeProgramofwageandpricerestraintcancontributetoreducinginflation.Unlessproductivitygrowthisunexpectedlylarge;however,theexpansionofrealoutputmusteventuallybegintoslowdowntotheeconomy’slargerrungrowthpotentialifgeneralizeddemandpressuresonpricesaretobeavoided.

1.Theauthormentionsincreasedinstallmentdebtinthefirstparagraphinordertoshow（

）.

2.Paragraph2mainlydealswith（

）.

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthethirdparagraphthattheauthor’sattitudetowardthereductionoftheinternationalpaymentsdeficitseems（

）.

4.Partofthepublicpolicytask,asoutlinedinthetext,isto（

）.

5.ItcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraphthatthePhaseThreeProgramcontained

（

）.

问题1选项

A.thecontinuingexpansionoftheeconomy

B.thegrowthofconsumerpurchasingpower

C.theconsumers’confidenceintheeconomy

D.thesoaringconsumerincomesforspending

问题2选项

A.economicpolicymeasuressuggestedbythePresident

B.thecausesofbusinessdevelopmentfortheperiod

C.thestimulativemonetaryandfiscalpolices

D.therevivalofstrongerliquiditypositions

问题3选项

A.bitter-sweet

B.pessimistic

C.sympathetic

D.doubtful

问题4选项

A.preventpaymentsdeficit

B.devaluetheAmericandollar

C.avoidinflationarypressures

D.increasethebalanceoftrade

问题5选项

A.devaluationofthedollar

B.productivitymeasures

C.reducedgovernmentspending

D.wageandpricecontrols

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.根据关键词“installmentdebt”定位到第一段第二句，消费者恢复信心反映在商品和服务支出在收入中所占比例的提高，以及消费者承担分期付款债务的意愿显著提高。由此可知，分期付款债务增加说明消费者恢复了对经济的信心，选项C符合原文。

2.根据第二段的内容可知，本段主要是讲商业发展的原因，采取的刺激性货币和财政政策是主要原因，除此之外还有其他原因均在第二段提出，所以选项B最能概括第二段内容。

3.根据第三段第三句“Whiletheoveralltrade...ourtradepicture.”虽然整体贸易表现令人失望，但我们仍有充分理由期待货币贬值的延迟影响会及时使我们的贸易状况得到有效改善。由此可知，作者的态度是苦乐参半的。选项A正确。

4.根据最后一段的第一句，今年国家政策的基本任务——实际上从长期来看——仍然是一个熟悉的任务：在鼓励健康的经济增长和避免通货膨胀的压力之间找到合适的平衡。所以选项C正确。

5.根据最后一段“ThePhaseThreeProgramofwageandpricerestraintcancontributetoreducinginflation.”可知，第三阶段包括对工资和物价的控制。选项D符合原文。

11.单选题

Whoeverformulatedthetheoryoftheoriginoftheuniverse,itisjust（

）andneedsproving.

问题1选项

A.spontaneous

B.intuitive

C.hypothetical

D.empirical

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。Spontaneous“自发的，自然的”；intuitive“直觉的，直观的”；hypothetical“假设的”；empirical“经验主义的”。根据题意“无论是谁提出了宇宙起源的理论”，这都是需要证明的，说明这只是一个假设。所以C选项符合题意。

12.单选题

TheForbiddenCityistheformerimperialpalaceinthecenterofBeijing,China.A.Constructionbeganin1406,andtheemperor’scourtofficiallymovedinby1420.TheForbiddenCitygotitsnamebecausemostpeoplewerebarredfromenteringthe72-hectaresite,surroundedbywalls.Evengovernmentofficialsandtheimperialfamilywerepermittedonlylimitedaccess.Onlytheemperorcouldenteranysectionatwill.

ThearchitectureoftheForbiddenCityconformsrigidlytotraditionalChineseprinciples.Allbuildingswithinthewallsfollowanorth-southline,andthemostimportantonesfacesouthtohonorthesun.Thedesignersarrangedtheotherbuildings,andtheceremonialspacesbetweenthem,toimpressallvisitorswiththegreatpoweroftheEmperor,whilereinforcingtheinsignificanceoftheindividual.Thisarchitecturalconceptwascarriedouttothesmallestdetail.Forexample,theimportanceofabuildingwasdeterminednotonlybyitsheightorwidthbutalsobythestyleofitsroofandthequantityofstatuettesplacedontheroof’sridges.

Inrecognitionoftheimportanceofitsunparalleledarchitecture,UNESCOaddedthepalacetoitsWorldHeritageListin1987.Today,visitorsfromallovertheworlddonotwaitforanimperialinvitationtowalkaboutthispalace,nowamuseumofimperialart.

OneofthemostimpressivelandmarksoftheForbiddenCityistheMeridianGate,theformalentrancetothesouthernsideoftheForbiddenCity.Thegate,withitsauxiliarywingsoneithersideoftheentryway,is38metershighatitsroofridge.Whenyoustandinfrontofthismajesticstructure,youunderstandhowawedpeoplefeltwhentheystoodtherelisteningtoimperialproclamations.

Asyouwalkthroughthegate,youcomeintoalargecourtyard,140meterslongand210meterswide.RunningthroughthecourtyardistheGoldenRiver,whichiscrossedbyfiveparallelwhitemarblebridges.ThesebridgesleadtotheGateofSupremeHarmony,which,inturn,leadstotheheartoftheForbiddenCity.Itsthreemainhallsstandatopathree-tieredmarbleterraceoverlookinganimmenseplaza.A.Theplazahasenoughspacetoholdtensofthousandsofsubjectspayinghomagetotheemperor.

AtthenorthernmostendoftheForbiddenCityistheImperialGarden,whichistotallydifferentfromtherestofthecompound.D.Insteadofrigidformality,youseeaseemingspontaneousarrangementoftrees,fishponds,flowerbeds,andsculpture.Hereistheplaceofrelaxationfortheemperor.

1.Fromthepassage,itcanbeinferredthat.

2.Fromthepassage,itisimpliedthatthemainentranceareatotheForbiddenCityis.

3.Whichphraseisclosestinmeaningtotheword“proclamations”inparagraph4?

4.Accordingtothepassage,whatdothebridgesovertheGoldenRiverleadto?

问题1选项

A.Chinesearchitectsborrowedideasfrommanydifferentcountries

B.thedesignoftheForbiddenCityisdullandcolorless

C.thearchitectureoftheForbiddenCityexemplifiestraditionalChinesevalues

D.thegardenoftheForbiddenCitywaslaidoutinastrict,rectangularpattern

问题2选项

A.surroundedbythreetallwalls

B.paintedgoldandgreen

C.decoratedwithstatuettes

D.notveryimpressive

问题3选项

A.Musiccomposedforpublicceremonies

B.Speechesencouragingsoldierstofight

C.Officialpublicannouncements

D.Poetrywrittenfortheemperor

问题4选项

A.TheMeridiangate

B.TheGateofSupremeHarmony

C.ThecenterofBeijing

D.TheImperialGardens

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。文章第二段第一句话提到紫禁城的建筑严格遵循中国的传统原则（ThearchitectureoftheForbiddenCityconformsrigidlytotraditionalChineseprinciples），由此可知选项C“紫禁城的建筑体现了中国传统的价值观”符合题意。

2.细节事实题。文章第一段第三句话提到紫禁城得名于大多数人被禁止进入这个区域，周围有围墙（TheForbiddenCitygotitsnamebecausemostpeoplewerebarredfromenteringthe72-hectaresite,surroundedbywalls），由此可知进入紫禁城的入口是被高墙围住，因此选项A符合题意。

3.判断推理题。文章第四段最后一句话提到当你站在这座雄伟的建筑前，你就能理解人们站在那里聆听帝王宣言的敬畏之情（Whenyoustandinfrontofthismajesticstructure,youunderstandhowawedpeoplefeltwhentheystoodtherelisteningtoimperialproclamations），由此可知选项C符合题意。

4.细节事实题。根据文章第五段第三句ThesebridgesleadtotheGateofSupremeHarmony可知选项B符合题意。

13.单选题

Hewillsimplynotlistentoanybody;heis_______toargument.

问题1选项

A.imperceptible

B.impervious

C.impassable

D.blunt

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项imperceptible“（小得）无法察觉的”；B选项impervious“无动于衷的，不受影响的；不能渗透的”；C选项impassable“不能通行的（尤指因路况恶劣或被阻断）”；D选项blunt“直言的；不锋利的”。句意：任何人的话他都不听，他对争论_______。根据语境，这里指他不受别人所说的话的影响，所以impervious“不受影响的”符合题意。因此B选项正确。

14.单选题

Despitehis____planning,theexpositionturnedouttobeafailure.

问题1选项

A.exquisite

B.exhausted

C.elaborate

D.insufficient

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.exquisite精美的；精致的B.exhausted筋疲力尽的；疲惫不堪的

C.elaborate详尽的；精心制作的D.insufficient不充分的；不足的

【答案】C

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】句意：尽管他……的计划，博览会还是以失败告终。根据逻辑，这里存在一个转折关系，后半句讲博览会是失败的，则可以推测前半句中他的计划应该是精心制作的，但是博览会以失败告终。因此选C。

【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项均无法与空格前后构成相应逻辑关系。

【句意】尽管他精心策划，博览会还是失败了。

15.单选题

Thecouplehasdonatedanot（）amountofmoneytothefoundation.

问题1选项

A.inconsiderable

B.inconsiderate

C.inaccurate

D.incomparable

【答案】A

【解析】句意:这对夫妇为这个基金会己经捐献了不少钱。

考查形容词辨析。inconsiderable小的,不値得考虑的,微不足道的；inconsiderate轻率的,不顾别人的;inaccurate不精确的,不准确的；incomparable无可匹敌的,不能比较的。故A符合句意。

16.单选题

Recentstoriesinthenewspapersandmagazinessuggestthatteachingandresearchcontradicteachother,thatresearchplaystooprominentapartinacademicpromotions,andthatteachingisbadlyunderemphasized.Thereisanelementoftruthinthesestatements,buttheyalsoignoredeepermoreimportantrelationships.

Researchexperienceisanessentialelementofhiringandpromotionataresearchuniversitybecauseitistheemphasisonresearchthatdistinguishessuchauniversityfromanartscollege.Someprofessors,however,neglectteachingforresearchandthatpresentsaproblem.

Mostresearchuniversitiesrewardoutstandingteaching,butthegreatestrecognitionisusuallyforachievementsinresearch.Partofthereasonisthedifficultyofjudgingteaching.Ahighlyresponsibleandtoughprofessorisusuallyappreciatedbytopstudentswhowanttobechallengedbutdislikedbythosewhoserecordsarelessimpressive.Themildprofessorgetsoverallratingsthatareusuallyhigh,butthereisasenseofdisappointmentonthepartofthebeststudents,exactlythoseforwhomthesystemshouldpresentthegreatestchallenges.Thus,auniversitytryingtopromoteprofessorsprimarilyonthebasisofteachingqualitieswouldhavetoconfrontthisconfusion.

Asmodernsciencemovesfaster,twoforcesareexertedonprofessors:oneisthetimeneededtokeepupwiththeprofession;theotheristhetimeneededtoteach.Thetrainingofnewscientistsrequiresoutstandingteachingattheresearchuniversityaswellastheartscollege.Althoughscientistsareusually“made”intheelementaryschools,scientistscanbe“lost”bypoorteachingatthecollegeandgraduateschoollevels.Thesolutionisnottoseparateteachingandresearchbuttorecognizethatthecombinationisdifficultbutvital.Thetitleofprofessorshouldbegivenonlytothosewhoprofessanditisperhapstimeforuniversitiestoreserveitforthosewillingtobeanearnestpartofthecommunityofscholars.Professorsunwillingtoteachcanbecalled“distinguishedresearchinvestigators”orsomethingelse.

Thepaceofmodernsciencemakesitincreasinglydifficulttobeagreatresearcherandagreat.Yetmanyaredescribedinjustthoseterms.Thosewhosaywecanseparateteachingandresearchsimplydonotunderstandthesystem,butthosewhosaytheproblem