考研考博-英语-呼伦贝尔职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-呼伦贝尔职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Auctionsarepublicsalesofgoods,conductedbyanofficiallyapprovedauctioneer.Heaskedthecrowdtogatherintheauctionroomtobidforvariousitemsonsale.Heencouragesbuyerstobidhigherfiguresandfinallynamesthehighestbidderasthebuyerofthegoods.Thisiscalled“knockingdown”thegoods,forthebiddingendswhentheauctioneerbangsasmallhammeronaraisedplatform.

TheancientRomansprobablyinventedsalesbyauctionandtheEnglishwordcomesfromtheLatinAutcio,meaning“increase”.TheRomansusuallysoldinthiswaythespoilstakeninwar;thesesaleswerecalled“subhasta”,meaning“underthespear”,aspearbeingstuckinthegroundasasignalforacrowdtogather.InEnglandintheeighteenthandnineteenthcenturiesgoodswereoftensold“bythecandle”;ashortcandlewaslitbytheauctioneerandbidscouldbemadewhileitwasburning.

Practicallyallgoodscanbesoldbyauction.Amongthesearecoffee,hides,skins,wool,tea,cocoa,furs,fruit,vegetablesandwines.Auctionsalesarealsousualforlandandproperty,antiquefurniture,pictures,rarebooks,oldchinaandworksofart.TheauctionroomsatChristie’sandSotheby’sinLondonandNewYorkareworldfamous.

Anauctionisusuallyadvertisedbeforehandwithfullparticularsofthearticlestobesoldandwhereandwhentheycanbeviewedbythebuyers.Iftheadvertisementcannotgivefulldetails,cataloguesareprinted,andeachgroupofgoodstobesoldtogether,calleda“lot”,isusuallygivenanumber.Theauctioneerneednotbeginwithlotoneandcontinuethenumericalorder;hemaywaituntilhenoticesthefactthatcertainbuyersareintheroomandthenproducethelotstheyarelikelytobeinterestedin.Theauctioneer’sservicesarepaidforintheformofapercentageofthepricethegoodsaresoldfor.Theauctioneerthereforehasadirectinterestinpushingupthebidding.

1.Auctionedgoodsaresold（

）.

2.Theendofbiddingiscalled“knockingdown”because（

）.

3.Inthesentence“TheRomansusuallysoldinthiswaythespoilstakeninwar,”theword“spoils”mostprobablymeans（

）.

4.InEnglandacandleusedtoburnatauctionsales（

）.

5.Anauctioncataloguegivesbuyers（

）.

问题1选项

A.atfixedprices

B.atpriceslowerthantheirtruevalue

C.forthehighestpriceoffered

D.atpricesofferedbytheauctioneer

问题2选项

A.theauctioneerknocksonthetable

B.thegoodsareknockeddownontothetable

C.theauctioneerbangsthetablewithahammer

D.theauctioneernamesthehighestbidderasthebuyerofthegoods

问题3选项

A.uselessgoods

B.spears

C.variouskindsoffood

D.propertytakenfromtheenemy

问题4选项

A.tolimitthetimewhenoffersofpricescouldbemade

B.becausetheauctionsalestookplaceatnight

C.asasignalforthecrowdtogather

D.tokeeptheauctionroomwarm

问题5选项

A.thecurrentmarketvaluesofthegoods

B.theorderinwhichgoodsaretobesold

C.freeadmissiontotheauctionsale

D.detailsofthegoodstobesold

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】1.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】细节事实题。定位到文章第一段“Heencouragesbuyerstobidhigherfiguresandfinallynamesthehighestbidderasthebuyerofthegoods.他鼓励买家出更高的价格，并最终将出价最高者称作商品的买主。”由此可知答案选C。

2.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】细节事实题。定位到文章第一段“Thisiscalled‘knockingdown’thegoods,forthebiddingendswhentheauctioneerbangsasmallhammeronaraisedplatform.这被称为‘击倒’货物，当拍卖人在一个凸起的台子上敲击小锤子时，竞拍就结束了。”由此可知答案选C。

3.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】语义推测题。定位到文章第二段“TheRomansusuallysoldinthiswaythespoilstakeninwar;thesesaleswerecalled‘subhasta’,meaning‘underthespear’,aspearbeingstuckinthegroundasasignalforacrowdtogather.罗马人通常以这种方式出售战争中的战利品；这些销售被称为‘subhasta’，意思是‘在长矛下’，一根长矛被卡在地上，作为一种信号，让人群聚集起来。”由此可知答案选D。

4.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】细节事实题。定位到文章第二段“InEnglandintheeighteenthandnineteenthcenturiesgoodswereoftensold‘bythecandle’;ashortcandlewaslitbytheauctioneerandbidscouldbemadewhileitwasburning.在18世纪和19世纪的英国，商品经常被‘以烧蜡烛定时限’出售；拍卖师点燃了一支短蜡烛，在燃烧的时候可以进行投标。”由此可知答案选A。

5.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。定位到文章最后一段“Iftheadvertisementcannotgivefulldetails,cataloguesareprinted,andeachgroupofgoodstobesoldtogether,calleda‘lot’,isusuallygivenanumber.如果广告不能提供完整的细节，商品目录就会被打印出来，并且每一组被称为“批次”的商品，通常会被给出一个数字。”由此可推知，目录提供了货物的详情，故答案选D。

2.单选题

Thisunfortunateincidentmay（）theprogressofthepeacetalks.

问题1选项

A.stalk

B.hinder

C.promote

D.reinforce

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项stalk“追踪，潜近”；B选项hinder“阻碍；打扰”；C选项promote“促进；提升”；D选项reinforce“加强，加固”。句意：这一不幸事件可能会阻碍和平谈判的进程。此处应填入一个动词，宾语是“和平谈判的进程”。因此B项符合句意。

3.单选题

Whiletyping,Kathyhadahabitofstopping（）ogiveherlongandflowinghairasmooth.

问题1选项

A.promptly

B.simultaneously

C.eventually

D.occasionally

【答案】D

【解析】副词辨析。句意：在打字的时候，凯西停下来梳理一下她柔顺的长发的习惯。promptly敏捷地，迅速地；simultaneously同时地；eventually最终，最后；occasionally偶尔。因此，D项符合句意。

4.单选题

Merdineisherownwoman,withanidentity___fromhermother’s.

问题1选项

A.discrete

B.distinctive

C.distinct

D.discreet

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项discrete“离散的，不连续的”；B选项distinctive“独特的，有特色的；与众不同的（常用来说某个人或物具有独有的、区别于其他的特质）”；C选项distinct“明显的；独特的；清楚的；有区别的（用于描述两个或多个不同事物或事物群体）”；D选项discreet“谨慎的；小心的”。句意：玛丁是她自己的女人，有着与她母亲___的身份。本句表达“玛丁和她母亲两者的身份截然不同”。因此C选项正确。

5.单选题

InEngland,alongastretchofthenortheastcoastwhichgentlycurvesfromNorthumberlandtotheestuaryoftheriverTees,therewasaspot,typicalofmanyonthatcoast,whereseacoalwascollectedrichlyandeffortlessly.Thiscoalwasacoarsepowder,cleanandbrilliant.Itseemedtobearlittleresemblancetothelarge,filthylumpsputontothefire.Althoughitwascoal,itwasperfectlycleananditwassilentlydepositedathightideinaglitteringcarpetakilometerlongforthelocalcommunitytogatherup.

Thegearneededforsea-coalingexpeditionswasacuriousandtraditionallyprovenassortmentwhichnevervariedfromcommunitytocommunityalongtheentirenortheastcoastline.Sackswereessentialtoputthecoalin,andstringtotietheneckofeachsackwhenitisfull.Awoodenrakewasusedtoscrapethecoalfromthebeach.Theonlyalternativetotherakewasaflatpieceofboardheldinthehand.Aflat,boardshoveltolifttherakedcoalintothebags,completedtheportablehardware.

Butthemostcrucialitemofequipmentwasabicycle,aspecialkindofrustystriped-downmodelwhichwasthesymbolofthesea-coalingcraft.Alady’sbikewasnogoodbecauseitlackedacrossbar,andthatwasanessentialelementintransportingseacoal.Onefullsackcouldbeslungthroughthetriangularframeofaman’sbike,anotheroverthecrossbarand,sometimes,evenathirdontopofthat.Thebeautyofthemetalbaragainstthefull,wetsacksforcedexcesswateroutofthecoalwhileitwasbeingwheeledhome.Onagoodday,thepathtothebeachwasgenerallyadoublesnail-trackofwaterthathadbeenforcedfromeachendofatrailofcoalsacks.

1.Itcanbeinferredthatbetweenthetwotypesofcoal,seacoal（）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,certainequipmentwasusedbecause（）.

3.Tocarrythreesacksofcoalonabicycle,itwasnecessaryto.

4.Byusingthebicycle,（）.

问题1选项

A.couldburnbetter

B.mightbecheaper

C.wasmorefinely-grained

D.cameinbigpieces

问题2选项

A.ithadprovedtobepractical

B.itcouldbemadebycommunities

C.peopletherewereverytraditional

D.thecommunitieshadcurioushabits

问题3选项

A.putoneofthemonthesaddle

B.balancethemallonthecrossbar

C.removetheexcessliquid

D.balancetwoonthecrossbar

问题4选项

A.coalcouldbemovedeasilyoverthesand

B.thecollectorscouldsellmorecoal

C.excessliquidcouldberemoved

D.thecollectorscouldridehome

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:C

【解析】1.根据第一段二三句“Thiscoalwasacoarsepowder,cleanandbrilliant.Itseemedtobearlittleresemblancetothelarge,filthylumpsputontothefire.”海运煤是一种粗糙的粉末,干净又有光泽。它似乎与放在火上的又大又脏的块状物体没有什么相似之处。由此可知,选项C符合原文。

2.根据第二段的第一句“Thegearneededforsea-coalingexpeditionswasacuriousandtraditionallyprovenmixturewhichnevervariedfromcommunitytocommunityalongtheentirenorth-eastcoastline.”可知选项B明显错误;人们用这些设备的原因并不是因为他们很传统或者有奇怪的习惯,而是因为这些设备很实用。所以选项A正确。

3.根据第三段的第三句“Onefullsackcouldbeslungthroughthetriangularformatofaman’sbike,anotheroverthecrossbarand,sometimes,evenathirdontopofthat.”一个装满了的袋子可以挂在男式自行车的三角形支架上,另一个袋子可以挂在横梁上,有时甚至可以在上面放上第三个袋子。由此推断,要想放三个袋子,需要保持其他两个袋子的平衡。选项D正确。

4.根据第三段倒数第二句“Thebeautyofthemetalbaragainstthefull,wetsacksforcedexcesswateroutofthecoalwhileitwasbeingwheeledhome.”在（用自行车）运回海运煤的过程中,那根漂亮的金属杆上放着装得很满的湿袋子,将多余的水份从海运煤中挤了出来。选项C符合原文。

6.单选题

Theincident（）pressinterest.Reportersfromseveralnewspaperscametointerviewhim.

问题1选项

A.purchased

B.produced

C.provoked

D.processed

【答案】C

【解析】句意:这个事件引起了新闻界的兴趣。数家报社的记者前来采访他。

考查动词辨析。四个选项均为对应动词的过去式。Purchase购买,贏得;produce生产;制造;生长;provoke激怒,煽动,引起;process加工,处理;审阅,审核。故C符合句意。

7.翻译题

17世纪后期至18世纪末，是中国清代的鼎盛时期，史称“康乾盛世”。那个时期，中国的工业产量位居世界前列。但正是在这个时候，欧洲诸国先后开始了近代资产阶级革命和产业革命，社会生产力迅速发展，后来居上。而中国当时的政治者对这一历史性大变革却茫然无知，仍沉迷于盲目自大之中，视西方科学技术为“奇技淫巧”。“康乾盛世”之后的100多年，中国的发展大大落后了，国际地位急剧衰落，沦为半殖民地，备受外强欺辱。

中华人民共和国成立后，中国人民掌握了自己的命运，民族的独立和解放使中国发生了翻天覆地的变化。但在20世纪60、70年代世界经济蓬勃发展和新科技革命浪潮兴起的时代，中国搞了长达10年的“文化大革命”，错失了又一次发展良机。值得欣慰的是，从70年代末开始，我们纠正了过去的错误，选择了改革开放的正确道路，对内实行改革，对外实行开放，开放也是改革。改革开放使我们抓住了新的历史机遇，实现了近30年的高速发展，综合国力显著增强，人民生活得到很大改善，国际地位不断上升。

【答案】Inthelate17centurytotheendof18thCentury,ChineseQingDynastywasinitsheyday,knownastheGoldenAgeof“KangxiandQianlong”.Duringthisperiod,China’sindustrialproductionhasbeenattheforefrontontheworldstage.ButitwasatthistimethatEuropeancountriesbeganthemodernbourgeoisrevolutionandindustrialrevolution,whichrockettherapiddevelopmentofsocialproductivityinthewesternworld,leavingtherestoftheworldoutofsightbehind.However,Chinesepoliticiansatthattimewerecompletelyignorantofthishistoricchange,andstillindulgedinblindarrogance,regardingwesternscienceandtechnologyas“diabolictricksandwickedcraft”.Duringthepast100yearsfromthattimeonward,Chinafellfarbehindindevelopment,sufferedasharpdeclineinitsinternationalstatus,wasreducedtoasemi-colonyandsubjectedtobullyingandhumiliationfromforeignpowers.

SincethefundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChina,accompanyingwiththenationalindependenceandliberation,Chinesepeoplehavebecomethemasteroftheirowndestiny.AllthishasbroughttremendouschangestoChina.However,inthe1960sand1970s,whentheworldeconomywasboomingandthenewwaveofscientificandtechnologicalrevolutionwasemerging,Chinaconductedthedecade-long“CulturalRevolution”andmissedanothergoodopportunityfordevelopment.Thegoodnewsisthatsincetheendof1970s,withtheimplementationofreformingdomesticallyandopening-uptotheworldwehavecorrectedthemistakesofthepast,directingthewholenationtotherightwayofreformandopening-up.Undertheguidanceofreformandopening-uppolicy,weseizedthenewhistoricalopportunitytopromotearapidsocialdevelopmentinthelast30years.Thispolicynotonlyheightenchina’scomprehensivepowersandpeople’slivingstandards,butalsothegrowinginternationalclout.

8.单选题

Claimsleftbehindinbankruptcygenerallyhaveonlya_______chanceofbeingpaid,sincetheyareunsecuredandnotbackedbyassets.

问题1选项

A.slender

B.slim

C.sizable

D.spare

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.slender微薄的，不足的（数量或尺寸）B.slim微薄的，不足的（没有想要的、期待的那么大）（aslimchance机会渺茫）

C.sizable相当大的D.spare不用的，闲置的

【答案】B

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】根据关键词since，可知句子前后表示因果关系，因为在破产中遗留下来的债权没有担保和资金支持，所以得到偿付的机会______，slim符合语境，因此B选项正确。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项不符合相应的逻辑关系。

【句意】在破产中遗留下来的债权通常只有很小的机会得到偿付，因为它们没有担保，也没有资产支持。

9.单选题

GeorgeWashington（）.

问题1选项

A.alwayswillandalwayshasbeenanAmericanhero

B.alwayshasandalwayswillanAmericanhero

C.alwayshasandalwayswillbeanAmericanhero

D.alwayshasbeenandalwayswillbeanAmericanhero

【答案】D

【解析】考查现在完成时态和一般将来时态的用法。在现在完成时态中，如果谓语中有名词短语时，此时要借助been来一起组成其谓语成分，即have/hasbeen+名词短语；在一般将来时态中，如果谓语动词中有名词短语，此时要借助be来一起组成其谓语成分，即be+名词短语。所以选项D正确。句意：GeorgeWashington一直都是一位美国英雄，并将永远是。

10.问答题

Wearewithoutchoicesinmanyaspects,butwedochoosehowweshalllive;

(A)courageouslyorincowardice,(B)honorablyorinhonorably,withpurposeorindrift.Wedecide(C)whatisimportantandwhatistrivialinlife.Andaswedecideandchoose(D)soareourlivesformed.Intheend,formingourowndestinyiswhatambitionisabout.

【答案】B；改成honorablyordishonorably。dishonorably灰溜溜的。

11.单选题

Peoplecanbeaddictedtodifferentthings——forexample,alcohol,drugs,certainfoods,oreventelevision.Peoplewhohavesuchanaddictionarecompulsive;thatis,theyhaveaverypowerfulpsychologicalneedthattheyfeeltheymustsatisfy.Accordingtopsychologists,manypeoplearecompulsivespenders.Theyfellthattheymustspendmoney.Thiscompulsion,likemostothersisirrational——impossibletoexplainreasonably.Forcompulsivespenderswhobuyoncredit,chargeaccountsareevenmoreexcitingthanmoney.Inotherwords,compulsivespendersfeelthatwithcredit,theycandoanything.Theirpleasureinspendingenormousamountsisactuallygreaterthanthepleasurethattheygetfromthethingstheybuy.

Thereisevenaspecialpsychologyofbargainhunting.Tosavemoney,ofcourse,mostpeoplelookforsales,lowpricesanddiscounts.Compulsivebargainhunters,however,oftenbuythingsthattheydon'tneedjustbecausetheyarecheap.Theywanttobelievethattheyarehelpingtheirbudgets,buttheyarereallyplayinganexcitinggame.Whentheycanbuysomethingforlessthanotherpeople,theyfeelthattheyarewinning.Mostpeople,expertsclaim,havetworeasonsfortheirbehavior:agoodreasonforthethingsthattheydoandtherealreason.

Itisnotonlyscientists,ofcourse,whounderstandthepsychologyofspendinghabits,butalsobusiness-people,Stores,companies,andadvertisersusepsychologytoincreasebusiness.Theyconsiderpeople'sneedsforlove,power,orinfluence,theirbasicvalues,theirbeliefsandopinionsandsoonintheiradvertisingandsalesmethods.

Psychologistsoftenuseamethodcalled‘behaviortherapy'tohelpindividualssolvetheirpersonalityproblems.Inthesameway,theycanhelppeoplewhofeelthattheyhaveproblemswithmoney.

Althoughbehaviorhasmanycauses,mostscientistsseektoisolatesinglecauses.Thismakesthescientificstudyofbehaviorhard.Manyresearchersinpsychologyusecontrolledexperimentsinwhichtheycanexaminetheeffectofonefactoratatimeinaparticularkindofbehavior.Someinvestigatorsdesignexperimentstotestthebehavioraleffectsofseveralfactorsinvariouscombinations.Stillotherresearchersstudybehaviorinthe‘real'worldbyobservingpeopleintheirdailyactivities.Observingbehavioroutsidecontrolledexperimentscannotprovethatonethingcausesanother.Butstudyingpeopleintherealworldoftenhelpsscientistsseethewaysinwhichcausesidentifiedinexperimentsactuallyoperateinpeople'sdailylives.

Specialistsinmanyfieldsstudybehavior.Psychologistsandsomebiologistsstudyanimalbehaviorincontrolledexperiments.Otherpsychologistsstudyindividualsorsmallgroupsofpeopleincontrolledgamesortaskstounderstandmanyaspectsofbehavior,includingthereasonsforpeople'sfeelings,thoughtsandmotives.Thesestudieshelpestablishprinciplesthatcanbeusedtoexplain,predict,andmodifybehavior.Educationalresearchersstudyhowpeoplebehaveintheclassroom.Insociology,behavioralresearchfocusesmainlyonthebehaviorofpeopleinlargegroupsandsocialinstitutions,suchasbusinesses,churches,governments,andhospitals.Ananthropologistmayliveinanisolatedcommunitytostudybehaviorpatternsofawholegroup.

1.Accordingtothepsychologists,acompulsivespenderisonewhospendsmoney（）.

2.Accordingtothewriter,compulsivebargainhuntersareinconstantsearchofthelowestpossibleprices（）.

3.Thearticleismainlyabout（）.

4.Fromthepassagewemaysafelyconcludethatcompulsivespenderorcompulsivebargainhunters（）.

5.Fromthepassage,weknowthatscientificstudyofbehavioris（）.

6.Acontrolledexperimentinthispassageisoneinwhich（）.

7.Wecaninferthat（）.

问题1选项

A.andtakesgreatpleasurefromwhatheorshebuys

B.inordertosatisfyhisorherbasicneedsinlife

C.justtomeethisorherstrongpsychologicalneed

D.entirelywithanirrationalplanforhisincomes

问题2选项

A.becausetheywanttosavemoneytohelptheirbudgets

B.becausetheywanttowinoverothersingettingthingsforlessmoney

C.andwillnothavemoneyproblemsiftheycankeeptotheirbudget

D.buttheyneverfeelsatisfiedaftertheycangetthingsforlessmoneythanothers

问题3选项

A.thepsychologyofmoney-spendinghabits

B.thelivinghabitsofcompulsivespenders

C.aspecialpsychologyofbargainhunting

D.theuseofthepsychologyofspendinghabitsinbusiness

问题4选项

A.arereallyunreasonable

B.needspecialtreatment

C.arereallybeyondremedies

D.cannevergetanyhelptosolvetheirproblemswithmoney

问题5选项

A.difficult

B.easy

C.interesting

D.extremelyuseful

问题6选项

A.alltheconditionsarekeptthesamewhenstudyingabehavior

B.allthevariablesareconsciouslychangedwhenexaminingabehavior

C.theeffectsofseveralfactorsthataffectabehaviorarestudiedatatime

D.theeffectofonefactorisstudiedatatimeinaparticularbehavior

问题7选项

A.peoplebehavedifferentlyindifferentcountries

B.peoplebehavethesameinthesamesituation

C.studentsbehavedifferentlywhentheystayinaclassroomsettingandstayathome

D.thebehaviorofthepeopleinlargergroupsandsocialinstitutionsisthesameasthatofthestudentsintheclassroom.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:A

第5题:A

第6题:D

第7题:C

【解析】1.根据第一段“Thiscompulsion,likemostothersisirrational——impossibletoexplainreasonably.”这种强迫和其他大多数强迫一样是非理性的——无法合理解释。也就是说,他们只是为了满足自己强烈的心理需求,所以选项C正确。

2.根据第二段四五句“Theywanttobelievethattheyarehelpingtheirbudgets,buttheyarereallyplayinganexcitinggame.Whentheycanbuysomethingforlessthanotherpeople,theyfeelthattheyarewinning.”他们宁愿相信自己是在节省预算,但其实他们在玩一个令人兴奋的游戏。当他们能买到比别人便宜的东西时,他们就会觉得自己赢了。选项B符合原文。

3.结合全文内容可知,本文主要是对具有强迫性消费人群的花钱习惯进行心理学层面的分析,选项A最能概括全文,其他选项太片面。

4.根据原文第一段可知,选项A符合原文；选项B中的特殊治疗法表述不正确；选项C和D表述有误,所以本题选A。

5.根据第五段一二句“Althoughbehaviorhasmanycauses,mostscientistsseektoisolatesinglecauses.Thismakesthescientificstudyofbehaviorhard.”可知选项A正确。

6.根据第五段第三句“Manyresearchersinpsychologyusecontrolledexperimentsinwhichtheycanexaminetheeffectofonefactoratatimeinaparticularkindofbehavior.”许多心理学研究人员使用对照实验,他们可以一次检查一个因素对特定行为的影响。选项D与原文描述一致。

7.根据原文可知,选项A和B在文中没有提及；选项D表述错误；根据最后一段内容可知,不同领域的研究专家研究不同的群体,这说明人们在不同的场合中行为习惯也是不同的,所以选项C正确。

12.单选题

Excellentfilmsarethosewhich（

）nationalandculturalbarriers.

问题1选项

A.transcend

B.traverse

C.abolish

D.suppress

【答案】A

【解析】动词辨析题。A选项transcend“胜过，超越”；B选项traverse“穿过；C选项abolish“废除，取消”；D选项suppress“抑制”。

句意：优秀的电影是那些超越国家和文化障碍的电影。选项A符合句意。

13.写作题

WriteontheANSWERSHEETaletterofabout120wordsbasedonthefollowingsituation:

Youhavejustcomebackfromaninternationalconference.WritealettertoMr.Smith,anAmericanscholaryoumetattheconference,to:

1.introduceyourselfandtheuniversitywhereyouwork,

2.invitehimtogivealectureatyouruniversity.

【答案】略

14.单选题

NiagaraisanIndianwordwhichmeans“roaringwater”.Indeed,theroarofthefallingwaterofNiagaracanbeheard（1）adistanceof25kms.Imagine（2）ofwaterflowingoveracliff90feethighandyouwillgetanideaofthatterriblenoise.

And（3）tremendouspowertheNiagaraRiverhas!Itmovesbigrocksaboutandthrowsthemintotheboilingwaterbelow.

（4）agoanoldshipwithoutsinglepersononboardwasputinmid-stream.Itsaileddowntheriver（5）atoyboatwithgreatspeed.Havingreachedthefall,theshipdroppedintotheboilingwater,never（6）again.

Thereweresomepeoplewhowantedtobecomefamous（7）swimmingacrossthemostdangerouspartoftheNiagaraRiver.OneofthemwasCaptainWebbwhosaidthathewouldtrytoswimcrosstheNiagara,which（8）crowdsofpeople.OntheeveningofJuly21st,1893,CaptainWebbcameuptotheriverand（9）aplunge.Hishavingjumpedintothewater（10）manypeoplewithhorror.Soon,heappearedinthemiddleoftheriver.Aloudshoutwentupfromthecrowd,butamomentlatertherewas（11）silence.Themanhaddisappearedunderthewater.Thousandsofeyes（12）ontheriver,butthemanwasdrowned.

In1902,acertainMissTaylordecidedtogooverthefallsinabarrel.Thereweredifferentkindsofpillowsinsidethebarreltopreventherfrom（13）.Havingexaminedthebarrelcarefully,MissTaylorgotin.Thebarrelwasclosedandthen（14）intothewater.Havingreachedthefalls,itoverturnedandwasshotdownbytheterrible（15）ofthewater.Whenthebarrelwasfinallycaughtandopened,MissTaylorcameoutalive（16）withafrightenedlookinhereyes.

Onceacrowdofvisitorssawarope（17）overfromonebankoftherivertotheother.Thentheysawaman（18）therope.Themanwasanactor,Blondin（19）.HemanagedtocrossNiagaraFallsonatightrope.Thepeopleonthebankweresurprisedathis（20）itsowell.

问题1选项

A.within

B.inside

C.at

D.on

问题2选项

A.much

B.agreatnumber

C.mass

D.amass

问题3选项

A.howmuch

B.what

C.so

D.how

问题4选项

A.Sometimes

B.Manytimes

C.Muchtime

D.Sometime

问题5选项

A.as

B.asif

C.like

D.likely

问题6选项

A.toappear

B.appearing

C.appeared

D.appear

问题7选项

A.for

B.by

C.through

D.from

问题8选项

A.attracted

B.drew

C.caused

D.pulled

问题9选项

A.gave

B.made

C.did

D.took

问题10选项

A.filling

B.fullof

C.filled

D.wasfilled

问题11选项

A.dead

B.dying

C.died

D.death

问题12选项

A.beingstopped

B.werefixing

C.werefixed

D.fixed

问题13选项

A.beinghurt

B.havinghurt

C.hurting

D.hurt

问题14选项

A.beingthrown

B.throwing

C.thrown

D.threw

问题15选项

A.power

B.strength

C.force

D.capacity

问题16选项

A.therefore

B.however

C.so

D.but

问题17选项

A.beingput

B.put

C.havingput

D.putting

问题18选项

A.stepacross

B.stepoutonto

C.stepalong

D.stepon

问题19选项

A.inname

B.underthenameof

C.byname

D.tothenameof

问题20选项

A.done

B.havingdone

C.havingbeendone

D.beingdone

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:C

第6题:A

第7题:B

第8题:B

第9题:D

第10题:C

第11题:A

第12题:C

第13题:A

第14题:C

第15题:C

第16题:D

第17题:A

第18题:B

第19题:C

第20题:B

【解析】1.考查介词辨析。根据句意“事实上，尼亚加拉瀑布的咆哮声在25公里的范围内就能听到。”在……的距离内，用介词within，所以选项A正确。

2.考查逻辑连词。muchof后面接可数名词单数；没有massof的表达；agreatnumberof后只能接可数名词复数；amassof后既可以接可数名词复数，也可以接不可数名词，所以选项D正确。

3.考查感叹句的用法。选项A和C不能引导感叹句，所以首先排除。What和How引导感叹句的用法分别为：What+形容词+名词+主语+谓语；How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语。这里是形容词tremendous+名词power，所以应该使用what，选项B正确。

4.考查固定搭配。A选项Sometimes“有时，间或”；B选项Manytimes“多次”；C选项Muchtime“很多时间”；D选项Sometime“一段时间”。sometimeago意为“不久前”。选项D符合语境。

5.考查动词辨析。A选项as“如同，像……一样”，用法为as…as…；B选项asif“似乎，好像”；C选项like“像……一样”；D选项likely“很可能”。根据句意“它像一艘玩具船一样飞快地顺河而下。”只有选项C符合语境。

6.考查非谓语结构。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词drop，所以填空处应填非谓语结构；其次根据句意“到达瀑布后，船掉进了翻涌的水中，再也没有出现”可知，这里表示的是将来不会发生的事情，所以应使用不定式表将来，选项A正确。

7.考查介词辨析。根据句意“有些人想通过游泳渡过尼亚加拉河最危险的部分而出名。”这里指通过某种方法，用介词by，所以选项B正确。

8.考查动词辨析。A选项attract“吸引，引起”；B选项draw“拖，拉，吸引”；C选项cause“导致，造成”；D选项pull“拉”。根据原文可知，韦伯船长说他将尝试游过尼亚加拉河，这吸引了很多人的注意力。强调吸引注意力用draw，所以选项B更恰当。

9.考查固定搭配。takeaplunge意为“一头扎进”，所以选项D正确。

10.考查固定搭配。根据句意“他跳入水中使许多人充满了恐惧。”filledwith意为“使充满……”，所以选项C正确。

11.考查固定搭配。deadsilence意为“死一般的寂静”。所以选项A正确。

12.考查固定搭配。befixedon意为“盯着……”。句意“千万双眼睛盯着河面”，所以选项C正确。

13.考查固定用法和被动语态。preventsb.fromdoingsth.意为“阻止某人做某事”。再根据语境可知，这里应使用被动语态，所以选项A正确。

14.考查被动语态。根据句意“桶被关上，然后被扔进了水里”，这里表示的是被动语态，前面已有be动词was，填空处只需填入过去分词即可，所以选项C正确。

15.考查近义词辨析。A选项power“力量，能力”，多指人或国家甚至是某个机构的权力、势力或影响力；B选项strength“力量，力气”，多指人的气力或物体的强度；C选项force“力量，武力，魄力”，多指暴力或促使物体运动的势力；D选项capacity“能力”。根据句意可知，这里指的是桶被水巨大的力量打翻了。这股力量是暴力的，并且能够促使物体运动，所以选项C更符合语境。

16..考查上下文语义。根据句意可知，当木桶终于被抓到并打开时，泰勒小姐活着出来了，但她的眼睛里充满了恐惧。表示转折并且能够连接两个句子，只有选项D符合要求。

17.考查被动语态。seesb./sth.doing意为“看见……正在……”，再根据句意可知，这里表示绳索是被人放上去的，表示被动语态，所以选项A正确。

18.考查词组辨析。A选项stepacross“跨过”；B选项stepoutonto“走出去再踩上去”；C选项stepalong“走开”；D选项stepon“踩上，踏上”。根据原文可知，这里是指这个人迈出一步然后踏上了绳索，所以选项B更符合语境。

19.考查固定搭配。byname放在名字后面表示“名叫……，名字是……”。选项C正确。

20.考查语态。根据句意可知，这里表示的是主动语态，并且前面是介词at，所以应使用动名词形式，并且是主动语态，只有选项B符合要求。

15.单选题

Everymonththeoldcoupleputasidealittlesumofmoneywhich（）urgentuse.

问题1选项

A.meansfor

B.meansto

C.ismeantfor

D.ismeantto

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。meanfor“对……意味着”；meanto“对……重要”；bemeantfor“为……做准备”；bemeantto“打算，意欲”。句意：这对夫妇每个月都会存一小笔钱，以备急需时用。选项C符合题意。

16.单选题

（）elephantsaredifferentfromwildelephantsinmanyaspects,includingtheirtempers.

问题1选项

A.Cultivated

B.Regulated

C.Civil

D.Tame

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。cultivated“有教养的，栽培的”；regulated“约束，调节”；civil“有礼貌的”；tame“驯服的，乏味的”。句意：被驯服的大象与野生大象在许多方面有差异，包括性格。由wild可知此空应填与之意思相反的单词，故D项正确。

17.单选题

TheancientforestsofthePacificNorthwestarethelastrelativelyintact“oldgrowth”ecosysteminAmerica.__46__principallyinnorthernCalifornia,OregonandWashington,theancientforestsareavitalpartofournationalheritage.Today,ourancientforestsarein__47__.Theyarebeingdestroyedatthe__48__rateof60,000acresperyear.Ninetypercentofourancientforestshave__49__.Only10%stillstand.Overcuttingtheseforestsdestroysanecosystemand__50__.Theforestsprovidecleanwaterandair,spawninggroundsforsalmon,abilliondollarperyearfishingindustry,abundantwildlifeand__51__drugs.

ThetimberindustryinthePacificNorthwesthasbeenundergoinga__52__sincetheearly80’s—__53__thespottedowlbecameanissue,__54__hasledtosteadilyfallingemployment__55__.Theindustrymodernizedmills,exportedrawlogsoverseas,andabandonedthePacificNorthwesttoother__56__oftheUnitedStates.Thisledtothe__57__ofover26,000timber-relatedjobsinOregonandWashingtonduringthe80’s.

Industryclaimsthatenvironmentallawsareto__58__forthedeclineintimberjobsinthePacificNorthwestdonot__59__undercloseexamination.__60__,theindustryitselfisresponsibleformanyofthesejobsduetotheovercuttingoftheforestsforthepastdecade.

问题1选项

A.Scattered

B.Spotted

C.Found

D.Viewed

问题2选项

A.progress

B.jeopardy

C.rise

D.risk

问题3选项

A.astonishing

B.thrilling

C.terrific

D.frightening

问题4选项

A.destroyed

B.beingdestroyed

C.beendestroyed

D.tobedestroyed

问题5选项

A.industry

B.ent