考研考博-英语-咸阳职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-咸阳职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Onestudyfoundthatjobapplicantswhomakemoreeyecontactsare（

）asmorealert,dependable,confidentandresponsible.

问题1选项

A.referred

B.perceived

C.recommended

D.presumed

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。referred提到，关系到；perceived感觉，认为；recommended推荐，劝告；presumed以为，假定。句意：一项研究发现，眼神接触多的求职者会被视为更有警觉、独立、自信和有责任心。B项符合句意，答案B

2.单选题

Thereareplanstogiveeveryone（）insurance,allowleavefromworkforanyonewithasickchildorelderlyrelativetolookafter,andenforceaseven-daywaitforanyonewantingtobuyahandgun.

问题1选项

A.affordedhealthy

B.affordablehealth

C.affordedhealth

D.affordablehealthy

【答案】B

【解析】语法和固定搭配。根据空格前的give可知空格中应该填入形容词。afforded是动词afford的过去式和过去分词，所以排除A和C项。affordable“买得起的”，health“健康”，healthy“健康的”。句意：有计划给予每个人买得起的健康保险。healthinsurance“健康保险”，为固定搭配。选项B符合题意。

3.单选题

Onthestagemanypiecesofbluesilkwerefluctuatedto（

）theseawaves.

问题1选项

A.simplify

B.simulate

C.help

D.like

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。simplify“简化”；simulate“模仿；假装”；help“帮助”；like“喜欢”。句意：舞台上用了很多上下飘动的蓝色丝绸来模仿海浪。选项B符合题意。

4.单选题

Mymotherraisedmeasbestasshecould,takingonoddjobsintheneighborhoodformoney.Stillwithoutafathertotellmehowtoactandwhatwasexpectedofme,Ifeltlost.IwanderedforyearsandgotinvolvedwithtoughguysontheEastSideofNewYork.Theywouldfightmadlyoveradroppedcoin.Theywouldstealtogetwhattheywanted.Iwantedtobelikethem.

ItwasluckyformethatIleftthecityandenteredaworldofdiscipline,afterfollowingmymother’sadvice.Duringthreeyearsofmilitaryservice,Ihadtimetorethinkmylife,andmythoughtsoftenrantomymother.IrealizedsuddenlyjusthowmuchofaheartacheImusthavebeentoher,howlittleIhadnoticedhersuffering.Whenmyfatherleftthisworld,mymotherwascompletelyalone.Tosupportus,mymothercleanedapartmentsandtookinwashingandironingfromtheneighbors.Andassheworkedhardatthislabor,shekeptherheadhigh.Eachweekshewouldbringapileofbookshomefromthelibraryandreadtous.Mymotherhadwantednothingmorethanformetoturnintoanhonestresponsibleman.ButIhadactedagainsther.Finally,almosttoolateIhadthesensetofeelshame.

TenyearspassedandIreturnedtotheapartmentontheEastSide.IknewIwouldn’tfallbackinwiththewrongpeople,althoughIstillwasn’tsurewhereIwasheading.Mymother,Icouldtellwasworriedaboutme.Inmyneighborhood,tobecomeapoliceofficerorafirefighterwasamarkofsignificantsocialsuccessandachievement.Formeitwasanopportunityforarealstartinlife.IwonderedifIwasuptoit,butIknewthatitwastimetotry.WhenIfoundmyselfinthebighallraisingmyhandstotakethefirefighter’soathofoffice,mymotherwassittingafewrowsbehindwithasmileofrelief.SheknewthatatlastIwasoffonlife’sroadandmovingsteadily.Hersmilesaid,“Myjobisfinallydone.”

1.Fromthisstory,wemayguessthattheEastSideofNewYorkmustbea（）area.

2.Theauthorusedtobehavehimself（）.

3.Fromthecontext,weunderstandthat“oddjobs”inthefirstparagraphrefertojobs（）.

4.Inthefirstsentenceofthesecondparagraph,theauthorsays“Itwasluckyformethat...”Theluckyexperiencehetalksabouthereishisexperienceof（）.

5.WhatisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

问题1选项

A.commercial

B.rich

C.poor

D.distant

问题2选项

A.oddly

B.toughly

C.remarkably

D.badly

问题3选项

A.ofcleaning,washingandironing

B.whicharenotregularorfixed

C.whichonecanmakeextramoneywith

D.withhousework

问题4选项

A.thethreeyearsofmilitaryservice

B.leavingaworldofdiscipline

C.leavingthecityandhismother

D.fightingwithtoughguys

问题5选项

A.Afterherhusbanddied,hismotherdidallavailablejobstosupportthefamily.

B.Theauthorwassurprisedthathewasacceptedasafirefighter.

C.Theauthorfinallyrealizedthathismotheralwayswantedhimtobeanhonestandresponsibleman.

D.Infaceofpoverty,hismotherneverloweredherhead.Shebravelystruggledon.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.根据第一段“Theywouldfightmadlyoveradroppedcoin.Theywouldstealtogetwhattheywanted.”他们会为一枚掉在地上的硬币疯狂地打斗,他们会去偷想要的东西。由此可以推断,这个地区很贫穷,选项C正确。

2.信息推断题。根据第二段的首句“ItwasluckyformethatIleftthecityandenteredaworldofdiscipline,...”我很幸运,在听从了母亲的建议后,我离开了这座城市,进入了一个有纪律的世界。根据“discipline”可推测,作者以前的表现应该是badly,选项D最恰当。

3.事实细节题。根据关键词定位到第一段,可知“oddjobs”是母亲做的工作。再根据第二段“Tosupportus,mymothercleanedapartmentsandtookinwashingandironingfromtheneighbors.”所以选项A符合原文。

4.事实细节题。根据第二段的第二句“Duringthreeyearsofmilitaryservice,Ihadtimetorethinkmylife,...”可知,作者觉得幸运的经历是在部队服役的三年经历。选项A正确。

5.信息推断题。根据第二段后半部分的内容可知选项A和D正确;根据第二段最后三句“Mymotherhad...thesensetofeelshame.”可知选项C也正确;所以本题选B。

5.单选题

Thereisnodoubtthatdishonestor（）acquisitionofinformationisusuallyoverwhelmingevidencethatinformationwasconfidentialandnotpartofthedefendant’sskillandknowledge.

问题1选项

A.blatant

B.surreptitious

C.suspicious

D.conspicuous

【答案】B

【解析】形容词词义辨析。blatant“喧嚣的，炫耀的”；surreptitious“秘密的”；suspicious“可疑的”；conspicuous“显而易见的”。句意：毫无疑问，不诚实或秘密获取的信息通常是压倒性的证据，表明这种信息是机密的，不属于辩护人员技能和知识的一部分。选项B符合题意。

6.单选题

Thereisnothinglikethesuggestionofacancerrisktoscareaparent,especiallyoneoftheover-educated,eco-conscioustypes.SoyoucanimaginethereactionwhenarecentUSATodayinvestigationofairqualityaroundthecanon’sschoolssingledoutthoseinthesmuglygreenvillageofBerkeley,Calif,asbeingamongtheworstinthecountry.Thecity’spublichighschool,aswellasanumberofdaycarecenter,preschools,elementaryandmiddleschools,fellinthelowest10%.Industrialpollutioninourtownhadsupposedlyturnedstudentsintolivingscienceexperimentbreathinginalaboratory’sworthofheavymetalslikemanganese,chromiumandnickeleachday.Thisisinacitythatrequiresschoolcafeteriastoserveorganicmeals.Great,Ithought,organiclunch,toxiccampus.

SinceDecember,whenthereportcameout,themayor,neighborhoodactivistsandvariousparent-teacherassociationshaveengagedinafiercebattleoveritsvalidity,overtheguiltofthesteed-castingfactoryonthewesternedgeoftown,overunionjobsversuschildren’shealthandoverwhat,ifanything,oughttobedone.Withallsidespresentingtheirownexpertsarmedwithconflictingscientificstudies,whomshouldparentsbelieve?Istheretrulyathreathere?Weasksoneanotheraswedroppedoffourkids,andifso,howgreatitis?Andhowdoesitcomparewiththeother,seeminglyperpetualhealthscaresweconfront,likepanicoverleadinsyntheticathleticfields?Ratherthanjustanotherweirdepisodeinthetownthatbroughtyouprotestingenvironmentalists,thislatestdramaisatrialforhowtoday’sparentsperceiverisk,howwetrytokeepourkidssafewhetherit’spossibletokeepthemsafeinwhatfeelslikeanincreasinglythreateningworld.Itraisesthequestionofwhat,inourtime,“safe”couldevenmean.

“There’snowayaroundtheuncertainty”，saysKimberlyThompson,presidentofKidRisk,anonprofitgroupthatstudieschildren’shealth.“Thatmeansyourchoicescanmatter,butitalsomeansyouaren’tgoingtoknowiftheydo.”A2004reportinthejournalPediatricsexplainedthatnervousparentshavemoretofearfromfire,caraccidentsanddrowningthanfromtoxicchemicalexposure.TowhichIsay:Well,obviously.Butsuchconcretehazardsarebesidethepoint.It'sthedangersparentscan’tandmaynever-quantifythatoccurallofsudden.That’swhyI’veridmycupboardofmicrowavefoodpackedinbagscoatedwithapotentialcancer-causingsubstance,butalthoughI’velivedblocksfromamajorfaultlineformorethan12years,Istillhaven’tboltedourbookcasestothelivingroomwall.

1.WhatdoesarecentinvestigationbyUSATodayreveal?

2.WhatresponsedidUASToday’sreportdraw?

3.Howdidparentsfeelinthefaceoftheexperts'studies?

4.Whatistheviewofthe2004reportinthejournalPediatrics'?

5.Ofthedangersineverydaylife,theauthorthinksthatpeoplehavemosttofearfrom（

）.

问题1选项

A.Heavymetalsinlabteststhreatenchildren'shealthinBerkeley.

B.Berkeleyresidentsarequitecontentedwiththeirsurroundings.

C.TheairqualityaroundBerkeley’sschoolcampusesispoor.

D.ParentsinBerkeleyareover-sensitivetocancerriskstheirkidsface.

问题2选项

A.Aheateddebate.

B.Popularsupport.

C.Widespreadpanic.

D.Strongcriticism.

问题3选项

A.Theyfeltverymuchrelieved.

B.Theywerefrightenedbytheevidence.

C.Theydidn'tknowwhotobelieve.

D.Theyweren'tconvincedoftheresults.

问题4选项

A.Itisimportanttoquantifyvariousconcretehazards.

B.Dailyaccidentsposeamoreseriousthreattochildren.

C.Parentsshouldbeawareofchildren'shealthhazards.

D.Attentionshouldbepaidtotoxicchemicalexposure.

问题5选项

A.theuncertain

B.thequantifiable

C.anearthquake

D.unhealthyfood

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。由文章第一段中SoyoucanimaginethereactionwhenarecentUSATodayinvestigationofairqualityaroundthecanon’sschoolssingledoutthoseinthesmuglygreenvillageofBerkeley,Calif,asbeingamongtheworstinthecountry.（因此，你可以想象，最近《今日美国》对全国学校周围空气质量的调查，将加利福尼亚州的伯克利绿色村庄也列为全国空气质量状况最差的地区之中）可知选C。

第2题:细节事实题。由文章第二段第一句中SinceDecember,whenthereportcameout,themayor,neighborhoodactivistsandvariousparent-teacherassociationshaveengagedinafiercebattleoveritsvalidity（自去年12月该报告发布以来，市长、社区积极分子和各种家长教师协会就该报告的有效性展开了激烈的讨论）可知选A。

第3题:细节事实题。由文章第二段中Withallsidespresentingtheirownexpertsarmedwithconflictingscientificstudies,whomshouldparentsbelieve?（由于各方都提出了一些支持各自观点的专家，但这些专家的科学研究是相互矛盾的，家长应该相信谁？）以及后面的一连串提问，可知父母对这些观点感到困惑，不知道该相信谁，因此选C。

第4题:推理判断题。由文章最后一段中A2004reportinthejournalPediatricsexplainedthatnervousparentshavemoretofearfromfire,caraccidentsanddrowningthanfromtoxicchemicalexposure.（《儿科杂志》2004年的一份报告解释说，神经紧张的父母对火灾、车祸和溺水的恐惧比有毒化学暴露更多）可推测父母对日常容易遇到的事故更担心，因此选B。

第5题:推理判断题。由文章最后一段中There’snowayaroundtheuncertainty...It'sthedangersparentscan’t—andmaynever-quantifythatoccurallofsudden.（无法避免这种不确定性……这是父母无法——也可能永远不会量化突然发生的危险）可推测作者认为父母最大的恐惧来源于不确定性，因此选A。

7.单选题

Beforeitcouldberesolvedthroughanewcentralizationofdynasticpowerunderanewmandate,theintellectualcrisisoftheConfucianbeliefsbroughtonbytheimpactoftheWestunderminedthesocialorderitself,whichwasmademorevulnerablebythe（）ofitspoliticalinstitutions.

问题1选项

A.functional

B.malpractice

C.integration

D.disintegration

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词以及形容词词义辨析。A选项functional“功能的”；B选项malpractice“玩忽职守”；C选项integration“集成，综合”；D选项disintegration“瓦解，崩溃”。题干说到，西方冲击了孔子思想指示破坏了秩序的本事，可推测空中应该填入一个表示坏结果的词，A，C可排除。B选项在不符合题意，也可排除。句意：在它可以通过新的王朝权力集中来解决之前，西方影响所带来的儒家信仰的知识危机破坏了社会秩序本身，它因其政治机构的……而变得更加脆弱。因此D选项正确。

8.单选题

Calculationswhichareastronomicallyexacthavebeenmade______withtheuseofcomputers.

问题1选项

A.possible

B.itpossible

C.possibly

D.tobepossible

【答案】A

【解析】【试题解析】考查句子成分。句意：计算机的使用使天文学上精确的计算成为可能。句子主干是Calculationshavebeenmade______，根据短语makesth.+adj.还原短语为madecalculations+adj.，确定横线处填形容词作calculations的宾补，A选项possible符合题意。B选项itpossible中it多余，C选项possibly是副词，D选项tobepossible是不定式。因此A选项正确。

9.单选题

Thesesampleshavetobe（）incertainkindofchemicalwaterinordertoprotectthem.

问题1选项

A.immersed

B.crisped

C.armored

D.arrayed

【答案】A

【解析】动词词义辨析。Immerse浸没,陷入；crisp变脆,卷曲；armor为……穿盔甲；为……提供防御；array部署，排列。句意:这些样品必须在某种化学水中。选项A符合句意。

10.单选题

Allcultureshavesomesystemofmeasuringduration,orkeepingtime,butinwesternindustrializedsocieties,wekeeptrackoftimeinwhatseemstootherpeoplesalmostanobsessivefashion.Weviewtimeasmotiononaspace,akindoflinearprogressionmeasuredbytheclockandthecalendar.Thisperceptioncontributestooursenseofhistoryandthekeepingofrecords,whicharetypicalaspectsofwesterncultures.

Althoughourperceptionsoftimeseemnaturaltous,wemustnotassumethatotherculturesoperateonthesametimesystem.Forinstance,whyshouldweassumethataHopiraisedintheHopiculturewouldhavethesameintuitionsabouttimethatwehave?InHopihistory,ifrecordshadbeenwritten,wewouldfindadifferentsetofculturalandenvironmentalinfluencesworkingtogether.TheHopipeopleareapeacefulagriculturalsocietyisolatedbygeographicfeatureandnomadenemiesinalandoflittlerainfall.Theiragricultureissuccessfulonlybythegreatestperseverance.Extensivepreparationsareneededtoensurecropgrowth.ThustheHopivaluepersistenceandrepetitioninactivity.Theyhaveasenseofthecumulativevalueofnumerous,small,repeatedmovements,fortothemsuchmovementsarenotwastedbutarestoreduptomakechangesinlaterevents.TheHopihavenointuitionoftimeasmotion,asasmoothflowinglineonwhicheverythingintheuniverseproceedsatanequalrateawayfromapast,throughapresent,intoaforeseeablefuture.

LongandcarefulstudyoftheHopilanguagehasrevealedthatitcontainsnowords,grammaticalforms,constructions,orexpressionsthatrefertowhatwecalltime—thepast,present,orfuture—ortothedurationorlastingaspectoftime.TotheHopi,“time”isa“gettinglater”ofeverythingthathasbeendone,sothatpastandpresentmergetogether.TheHopidonotspeak,aswedoinEnglish?Ofa“newday”or“anotherday”comingeverytwenty-fourhours;amongtheHopi,thereturnofthedayislikethereturnofaperson,alittleolderbutwithallthecharacteristicsofyesterday.ThisHopiconception,withitsemphasisontherepetitiveaspectoftimeratherthanitsonwardflow,maybeclearlyseenintheirritualdancesforrainandgoodcrops,inwhichthebasicstepisashort,quickstampingofthefootrepeatedthousandsoftimes,hourafterhour.

Ofcourse,theAmericanconceptionoftimeissignificantlydifferentfromthatoftheHopi.Americans’understandingoftimeistypicalofWesternculturesingeneralandindustrializedsocietiesinparticular.Americansviewtimeasacommodity,asa“thing”thatcanbesaved,spent,orwasted.Webudgetourtimeaswebudgetourmoney.Weevensay,“Timeismoney”.WeareconcernedinAmericawithbeing“ontime”;wedon’tliketo“waste”timebywaitingforsomeonewhoislateorbyrepeatinginformation;andweliketo“spend”timewiselybykeepingbusy.ThesestatementsallsoundnaturaltoaNorthAmerican.Infact,wethink,howcoulditbeotherwise?Itisdifficultforusnottobeirritatedbytheapparentcarelessnessabouttimeinothercultures.Forexample,individualsinothercountriesfrequentlyturnupanhourormorelateforanappointment—although“beinglate”isatleastwithinourculturalframework.Forinstance,howcanwebegintoentertheculturalworldoftheSioux,inwhichthereisnowordfor“late”or“waiting”.Ofcourse,thefactisthatwehavenothadtoentertheSiouxculture;theSiouxhavehadtoenterours.Itisonlywhenweparticipateinotherculturesontheirtermsthatwecanbegintoseetheculturalpatterningoftime.

1.Fromthepassage,theHopihavenointuitionoftimeasmotionbecause（

）.

2.WhatistheHopi’sconceptionoftime?

3.Theconceptoftimeasacommodityinthelastparagraphmeansthat（

）.

4.IfyouweretovisitaSiouxfestival,itwouldprobablybenecessarythat（

）.

5.WhichofthefollowingviewsseemsmostoppositetotheWesternperceptionoftime?

问题1选项

A.theirwayoflivingdependsgreatlyonperseveranceandrepetition

B.theythinkitnecessarytoinventtheirownperceptionoftime

C.theirlanguagedoesnotcontainwordsreferringtomotion

D.theythinkeverythingshouldproceedinalinearway

问题2选项

A.Repeatingfootstepsisthewaytheycounttime.

B.Thelinebetweenpastandpresentisclear.

C.Whenapersonreturns,thedayreturns.

D.Todayistherepetitionofyesterday.

问题3选项

A.timecanbeusedandspentlikeconsumergoods

B.peoplewhoworklonghourswillbepaidhandsomely

C.peoplecanbuytimejustliketheybuyaproduct

D.timeisconsideredpricelessthatpeoplecan’tafford

问题4选项

A.youcallinadvanceifyouaregoingtobelate

B.youarrangefortransportationwellinadvance

C.youhaveadelayedscheduleofalltheactivities

D.youhaveanexactscheduleofthevariousevents

问题5选项

A.Makeahaywhilethesunshines.

B.Procrastinationisnecessary.

C.Punctualityisthesoulofbusiness.

D.Ayoungidler,anoldbeggar

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:1.根据第二段的倒数二三句可知，霍皮族人重视活动中的持久性和重复。他们对无数的、小的、重复的动作的累积价值有一种感觉，因为对他们来说，这些动作不是浪费，而是储存起来，以便在以后的事件中做出改变。所以霍皮族人对运动的时间没有什么直觉，是因为他们的生活方式在很大程度上依赖于毅力和重复。选项A符合原文。

2.根据第三段的内容可知，对霍皮人来说，“时间”是所有已经做过的事情的“以后”，这样过去和现在就会融合在一起。霍皮人的这一观念强调时间的重复性，而不是时间的继续流动。选项D符合原文。

3.根据最后一段的三四句“Americansviewtimeasacommodity,asa“thing”thatcanbesaved,spent,orwasted.Webudgetourtimeaswebudgetourmoney.”美国人认为时间是一种商品，是一种可以节省、花费或浪费的“东西”。我们预算时间就像我们预算金钱一样。选项A符合原文。

4.根据最后一段“Sioux,inwhichthereisnowordfor“late”or“waiting”.”苏族人的文化世界里没有“迟到”或“等候”这些词，所以如果要去参加苏族人的节日，你可能有必要把所有的活动都推迟，选项A正确。

5.根据最后一段的内容可知，美国人对时间的理解是西方文化的典型特征，他们认为时间就是金钱，所以选项B与之观念相反。

第2题:

第3题:

第4题:

第5题:

11.单选题

（

）shewaslivinginParisthatshemetherhusbandTerry.

问题1选项

A.Justwhen

B.Itwaswhile

C.Soonafter

D.Duringthetimewhen

【答案】B

【解析】考查强调句型。Itis+被强调部分+that+其他成分，选项B符合题意。

12.单选题

Thatmythicalbeast,homoeconomicus,isutterlyclearaboutthepurposeofwork:togetpaid.Heiskeeneronleisurethanwork,andifmoneycanbegotwithouteffort,hedownstools.Ifrealpeoplefeelthesame,thenplentifulout-of-workbenefitsshouldbefoundinthesameplacesaswork-shycitizens.

Yetacross-countrycomparisonofbenefitsandattitudestoworkpublishedonJanuary28thfindspreciselytheoppositepattern.Researchersranked13countriesaccordingtotheirgenerosity(measuredbycomparingtypicalbenefitstothoseoutofworkwiththeaveragewageofaproductionworker)andtheircitizens’commitmenttowork(gaugedbyaskingwhethertheywouldworkiftheydidnotneedthecash,andwhethertheyregardedajobasmerelyawaytoearnaliving).Themoregenerousastateis,thekeeneronworkitspeopleare,theyfound.Britons,whosebenefitswereleastafterthosethatAmericansget,wereleastkeenofallonwork.

Onereasonmaybetheskillsmake-upoftheBritishworkforce.Theresearchersfound,logicallyenough,thatprofessionalsandgraduatesweremorepositiveaboutworkthantheunskilledandnon-graduates.FewerBritonsthanNorwegians(whocametoponworkcommitment)haveprofessionaljobsordegrees.Butthisdoesnotentirelyexplaintheircomparativeimmunitytotheattractionsofhardwork:Britonsofeverysocialclassandlevelofeducationwerelesskeenonworkthantheircounterpartselsewhere.

Couldthe“dependencyculture”currentlyexcercisingBritishpoliticiansbesolvedbyraisingbenefits?Unlikely,saysAlisonPark,editoroftheannualBritishSocialAttitudesReport,inwhichthestudyappeared:attitudestoworkvaryfromcountrytocountryformanyreasons.Thegenerosityofwhatthereportterms“encompassing”states,allNordicwithLutherantraditions,mayhavebeenmadepossiblebyastrongworkethic,ratherthanastrongercommitmenttoworkhavingemergedasaresultofit.

Andworkincentivesareaffectedbyfeaturesofwelfaresystemsotherthanoverallgenerosity:“corporatist”statessuchasGermany,whichpayhigherbenefitstothosewithalongerworkhistory,maybeencouragingpositiveattitudestoworkbysuchconditionality.Britain’slittlebenefits,bycontrast,arelargelyindependentofpreviousemployment,whichmaymeantheyareseenasanalternativetowork,ratherthanasoneofthegoodthingsthatflowfromit.

6.“Work-shycitizens”inthelastsentenceofparagraph1probablyreferstopeoplewhoare（）.

7.Fromparagraph2,welearnthat（）.

8.Britonsareunmotivatedintheirworkmainlydueto（）.

9.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthetext?

10.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

问题1选项

A.incompetentfortheirwork

B.ashamedoftheirwork

C.unwillingtodotheirwork

D.irresponsiblefortheirwork

问题2选项

A.Britons’averagewageisthelowestinEurope

B.Britonsrelyheavilyongovernmentwelfares

C.Britonspreferleisuretowork

D.Britonsarenotenthusiasticinwork

问题3选项

A.weakworkethic

B.insufficientworkskills

C.lazylifestyle

D.defectivewelfaresystem

问题4选项

A.AmericansareprobablylessinterestedintheirworkthanBritons.

B.NorwegiansexceedBritonsinprofessionaleducation.

C.PeopleinNordiccountriesaremorecommittedtotheirworkthanGermans.

D.Thewelfareof“encompassing”statesmightbebetterthanthatof“corporatist”states.10.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

问题5选项

A.AttitudetoWork:DiligentorIdle?

B.AttitudetoWork:Can’torWon’t?

C.WelfareSystem:StimulatororInhibitor?

D.WelfareSystem:MoreGenerousorMoreReasonable?

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:B

【解析】1.事实细节题。题干：第一段最后一句中的“work-shycitizens”可能指的是_________的人。通过关键词“work-shycitizens”可以定位到第一段最后一句话前后内容Ifrealpeoplefeelthesame,thenplentifulout-of-workbenefitsshouldbefoundinthesameplacesaswork-shycitizens.（如果现实中的人也一样如此，那么大量的失业福利应该在那些不愿工作的公民身上找到。），可知C选项“不愿去做他们的工作”符合题意。选项A“无法胜任他们的工作”，B选项“对自己的工作感到羞愧”，D选项“对他们的工作不负责任”。根据“失业福利”这个单词可知，Work-shycitizens指的是不愿工作而导致失业的人，所以A，B，D选项均不符合题意。综上所述，本题的正确答案是C选项。

2.推理判断题。题干：从第2段，我们可以学习到_______。根据第二段最后一句话Themoregenerousastateis,thekeeneronworkitspeopleare,theyfound.Britons,whosebenefitswereleastafterthosethatAmericansget,wereleastkeenofallonwork.（一个国家越慷慨，其人民就越热衷于工作。英国人紧随美国人之后，福利最微薄，他们对工作最不感兴趣。）可知，D选项“英国人对工作没有热情”，符合题意。A选项“英国人的平均工资是欧洲最低的”，文章表达的英国福利最差，并不是说平均工资最低，属于概念混淆，所以A选项不正确。B选项“英国人严重依赖政府福利”，英国人享受的福利是最差的，所以B选项的表述也不正确。C选项“比起工作，英国人更喜欢休闲”，文中并没有提及英国人喜欢休闲，属于无中生有，所以C选项也不正确。综上所述，本题的正确答案是D选项。

3.事实细节题。题干：英国人在工作中缺乏积极性主要是因为_________。由题干可以定位到文章第三段第一句话Onereasonmaybetheskillsmake-upoftheBritishworkforce.Theresearchersfound,logicallyenough,thatprofessionalsandgraduatesweremorepositiveaboutworkthantheunskilledandnon-graduates.（其原因之一可能是英国劳动力的技能的构成。研究人员发现，符合逻辑的是，专业人士和大学毕业生对工作的态度比无技能和没有大学学历的人更积极。），所以B选项“工作技能不足”符合题意。A选项“薄弱的职业道德”，C选项“懒惰的生活方式”，D选项“有缺陷的福利系统”，这三个选项在此处并没有提及。综上所述，本题的正确答案为B选项。

4.推理判断题。题干：下列哪个选项可以从文章中推断出来？A选项“美国人对工作的兴趣可能不如英国人”，通过文章第二段最后一句话Themoregenerousastateis,thekeeneronworkitspeopleare,theyfound.Britons,whosebenefitswereleastafterthosethatAmericansget,wereleastkeenofallonwork.（一个国家越慷慨，其人民就越热衷于工作。英国人紧随美国人之后，福利最微薄，他们对工作最不感兴趣。），可知，美国人的福利待遇比英国好，所以美国人比英国人更加热爱工作，A选项不正确。通过文章第三段FewerBritonsthanNorwegians(whocametoponworkcommitment)haveprofessionaljobsordegrees.（拥有专业工作或学位的英国人少于挪威人（挪威人在工作承诺方面排名第一）），可知，B选项“挪威的职业教育超过了英国”，符合题意。通过文章第五段第二句话“corporatist”statessuchasGermany,whichpayhigherbenefitstothosewithalongerworkhistory,maybeencouragingpositiveattitudestoworkbysuchconditionality.（像德国这样的“社团主义”国家会给那些工龄较长的人更好的福利，他们可能通过这样的制约性来鼓励积极的工作态度。），所以德国人会更加投入工作，可推断出C选项“北欧国家的人比德国人对工作更投入”和D选项“包容国家的福利可能比社团主义国家更好”均不正确。综上所述，本题的正确答案为B选项。

5.主旨大意题。题干：下列哪一个是文章的最好的标题？文章第一段就指出，工作的目的就是获得报酬。第二段以英国人为例，说明人们对工作的积极性和国家的慷慨程度和福利有关。第三段指出英国人对工作不热情的另一个原因是缺乏技能。第四段指出每个国家对工作态度不同的原因有很多种，强烈的职业道德也是原因之一。第五段以德国的例子说明工作的动力还会受到福利体制的特点影响。文章主要说的是人的工作态度是积极的还是消极的受到方方面面的因素影响，所以本题选B选项“工作态度：不能还是不愿意？”正确。A选项“工作态度：勤奋还是懒惰?”对主旨的概括不够贴切，C、D选项都在说福利待遇，不能全面概括文章内容。综上所述，本题的正确答案为B选项。

13.单选题

Mamapracticed______bydressingthekidsinhand-me-downsratherthaninnewclothes.

问题1选项

A.avarice

B.thrift

C.benevolence

D.luxury

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A项avarice表示“贪婪，贪财”，B项thrift表示“节俭，节约”，C项benevolence表示“仁慈，善行”，D项luxury表示“奢侈，奢华，奢侈品”。根据dressingthekidsinhand-me–downs（给孩子们穿旧衣服）可知，“节俭”符合语境。句意：妈妈节俭，给孩子们穿旧衣服，而不是新衣服。因此，该题选择B项正确。

14.单选题

OnMay3,1989,committalproceedingsbeganinrespectofsixofficerswhowerechargedwithconspiracyto（）thecourseofjustice.

问题1选项

A.pervert

B.perturb

C.prevent

D.profane

【答案】B

【解析】动词词义辨析。pervert“使堕落，滥用”；perturb“扰乱，使不安”；prevent“预防，阻止”；profane“亵渎，玷污”。句意：1989年5月3日，拘押进程开始于六名官员，他们被控告共谋扰乱司法公正。选项B符合题意。

15.单选题

130yearslater,thissinglewallstillstandshereinmute（

）totheRevolutionofParisCommunein1873.

问题1选项

A.testimony

B.memory

C.tribute

D.evidence

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。testimony“证词；证据”;memory“记忆；内存”；tribute“致敬；悼念”；evidence“证据；证明”。句意：130年后，这面墙仍然站在那里默默见证1873年的巴黎公社革命。选项A符合题意。

16.单选题

Cannedfoodsare______withhousewivesbecauseittakessolittletimetocookthem.

问题1选项

A.usual

B.welcome

C.desirable

D.popular

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。A项usual“寻常的，通常的”，B项welcome“欢迎的”，C项desirable“令人满意的”，D项popular“流行的，通俗的”。根据句子可知，bepopularwith固定搭配，表示“为……所喜欢，受……欢迎”，故D项符合。句意：罐头食品很受家庭主妇的欢迎，因为它需要很少的时间来烹饪。因此，该题选择D项正确。

17.单选题

Asitturnedouttobeasmallhouseparty,we（

）soformally.

问题1选项

A.needn'tdressup

B.didnotneedhavedressedup

C.didnotneeddressup

D.needn'thavedressedup

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。needn’thavedone意为“不必做的事而做了”。

句意：原来只是一个小型家庭聚会，我们没必要打扮得这么正式。

18.翻译题

Thereisnothingwrong,ofcourse,withacountry’squestioningitsdirectionandwantingtopreservemanyofitstraditionalvalues.Moreover,Japanisn’tlikelytoreverttothecollusive(诡秘的)andanticompetitivepoliciesofthepast.Thereformprocesshasgonetoofar,andcorporatebehaviorhaschangedtoodramatically.Butgiventhemagnitude(巨大)ofthefiscalandfinancialchallengesahead,evenaslightslowingofthegovernment’sderegulatoryeffortsandprivate-sectorrestructuringcouldcreateaneventualdisaster.Now’snotthetimeforJapantorestonitslaurels.

【答案】【参考译文】当然，一个国家质疑自己的方向，并希望保留许多传统价值观，这并没有错。此外，日本不太可能恢复到共谋的(诡秘的)和反竞争政策的过去。改革进程走得太远，企业行为发生了太大变化。但是考虑到大小(巨大)的财政和金融挑战，甚至略有放缓政府放松管制的努力和私营部门的重组可以创建最终的灾难。现在不是日本安于现状的时候。

19.单选题

Questions19to22arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

问题1选项

A.Itisnoteasilybreakable.

B.Itrepresentsthelateststyle.

C.Itcamefroma3Dprinter.

D.Itwasmadebyafashiondesigner.

问题2选项

A.Whensheattendedafashionshowninemonthsago.

B.Whenshewasstudyingatafashiondesignschool.

C.Whenshehadjustgraduatedfromhercollege.

D.WhensheattendedaconferenceinNewYork.

问题3选项

A.Itwashardandbreakable.

B.Itwasextremelyexpensive.

C.Itwasdifficulttoprint.

D.Itwashardtocomeby.

问题4选项

A.Itisthelatestmodelofa3Dprinter.

B.Itisaplasticwidelyusedin3Dprinting.

C.Itmarksabreakthroughinpri