考研考博-英语-唐山工业职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-唐山工业职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Eachmonth5Yuanis（

）frommysalaryforhouse-repairingpayment.

问题1选项

A.excluded

B.expelled

C.compelled

D.docked

【答案】D

【解析】动词辨析题。A选项exclude“排除”；B选项expel“驱逐，开除”；C选项compel“强迫”；D选项dock“使靠码头，从（工资）中扣除（一部分的钱）”。句意：每个月从我的工资中扣去5元用于修房子。选项D符合句意。

2.单选题

Themanagerrealizedtheimportanceofqualifiedstaff,andurgedall________toparticipateinthetrainingprogram.

问题1选项

A.concerning

B.theconcerning

C.concerned

D.theconcerned

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词的用法。四个选项都跟concerned有关，句意：经理意识到了合格员工的重要性，并且敦促所有（）参加培训项目。A，B选项没有名词词义，代入句中会造成宾语缺失，所以排除；The+形容词表示一类人，因为concerning没有形容词的词性，所以D选项错误，答案选C。

3.单选题

Thesurveyfound80percentofviewerswere（）bytheviolentscenesinthefilm.

问题1选项

A.eliminated

B.alerted

C.offended

D.discouraged

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项eliminated“被淘汰，消除”；B选项alerted“使警觉，警告”；C选项offended“冒犯，生气”；D选项discouraged“使……灰心”。句意：调查发现，80%的观众对影片中的暴力镜头感到（）。这里表达的含义是“对暴力镜头感到被冒犯（反感）”。因此C选项符合题意。

4.单选题

Weallhaveoffensivebreathatonetimeoranother.Inmostcases,offensivebreathemanatesfrombacteriainthemouth,althoughthereareother,moresurprisingcauses.

Untilafewyearsago,themostdoctorscoulddowastocounselpatientswithbadbreathaboutoralcleanliness.Nowtheyarefindingnewwaystotreattheusuallycurablecondition.

Badbreathcanhappenwheneverthenormalflowofsalivaslows.Ourmouthsarefullofbacteriafeedingonproteininbitsoffoodandshedtissue.Thebacteriaemitsmellinggases,theworstofwhichishydrogensulfide.

Mouthbacteriathriveinairlessconditions.Oxygen-richsalivakeepstheirnumbersdown.Whenwesleep,forexample,thesalivastreamslows,andsulfideproducingbacteriagainstheupperhand,producingclassic“morningbreath”.

Alcohol,hunger,toomuchtalking,breathingthroughthemouthduringexercise—anythingthatdriesthemouthproducesbadbreath.Socanstress,thoughit’snotunderstoodwhy.Somepeople’sbreathturnssoureverytimetheygoonajobinterview.

Salivaflowgraduallyslowswithage,whichexplainswhytheelderlyhavemorebadbreathtroublethanyoungerpeopledo.Babies,however,whomakeplentyofsalivaandwhosemouthscontainrelativelyfewbacteriahavecharacteristicallysweetbreath.

Formostofus,filesimple,dry-mouthvarietyofbadbreathiseasilycured.Eatingordrinkingstartssalivaandsweepsawaymanyofthebacteria.Breakfastoftenstopsmorningbreath.Thosewithchronicdrymouthfindthatithelpstokeepgum,hardcandy,orabottleofwaterorjuicearound.Brushingtheteethwipesoutdry-mouthbadbreathbecauseitclearsawaymanyoftheoffendingbacteria.

Surprisingly,onethingthatrarelyworksismouthwash.Theliquidcanmaskbad-breathodorwithitsownsmell,buttheeffectlastsnomorethananhour.Somemouthwashesclaimtokillthebacteriaresponsibleforbadbreath.Thetroubleistheydon’tnecessarilyreachalloffendinggerms.Mostbacteriaarewellprotectedfrommouthwashunderthicklayersofmucus.Ifthemouthwashcontainsalcohol—asmostdo—itcanintensifytheproblembydryingoutthemouth.

1.Theunderlinedphrase“emanatefrom”in(Sent.2,Para.1)mostprobablymeans“（）”.

2.Whichofthefollowingismentionedasoneofthecausesofbadbreath?

3.Accordingtothepassage,alcoholhassomethingtodowithbadbreathmainlybecause（）.

4.Mouthwashesarenotaneffectivecureforbadbreathmainlybecause（）.

5.Wecaninferfromthispassagethat（）.

问题1选项

A.thriveon

B.accountfor

C.originatefrom

D.descendfrom

问题2选项

A.Toothtrouble.

B.Sulfur-richfood.

C.Toomuchexercise.

D.Mentalstrain.

问题3选项

A.itkeepsoffendingbacteriafromreproducing

B.itssmelladdstobadbreath

C.itkillssomehelpful

D.itaffectsthenormalflowofsaliva

问题4选项

A.theycan’tmaskthebadodorlongenough

B.theycan’tgettoalltheoffendingbacteria

C.theirstrongsmellmixeswithbadbreathandmakesitworse

D.theycan’tcoverthethicklayersofmucus

问题5选项

A.offensivebreathcan’teasilybecured

B.elderlypeoplearelessoffendedbybadbreath

C.heavydrinkersarelessaffectedbybadbreath

D.offensivebreathislessaffectedbyalcohol

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.词义推测题。根据第一段第二句offensivebreathemanatesfrombacteriainthemouth（口臭来自口腔中的细菌），可知C选项“源自”符合题意，故C选项正确。A选项“靠，以”，B选项“对……负有责任；对……做出解释；（比例）占有”，以及D选项“传下来”意思不符合。因此C选项正确。

2.语义推测题。根据第五段第一、二句anythingthatdriesthemouthproducesbadbreath.Socanstress,thoughit’snotunderstoodwhy（任何使口腔干燥的东西都会产生口臭。压力也是如此，尽管不知道为什么），可知精神紧张导致口臭，故D选项“精神紧张”正确。A选项“牙齿问题”：根据第二段第一句，医生最多能建议有口臭的病人保持口腔清洁，可知口臭与口腔清洁有关，没有提到和牙齿问题有关。B选项“高硫的食物”：根据第三段第二、三句，细菌以食物中的蛋白质为食，并排放硫化物这种口臭中最难闻的气体，可知并不是高硫食物导致口臭。C选项“运动过度”：根据第五段第一句，运动时用嘴呼吸产生口臭，可知不是运动过多导致口臭。因此D选项正确。

3.语义推测题。根据第三段第一句Badbreathcanhappenwheneverthenormalflowofsalivaslows（只要唾液的正常流速放缓，就会有口臭）和第五段第一句Alcohol…anythingthatdriesthemouthproducesbadbreath（酒精……任何使口腔干燥的东西都会产生口臭），酒精引发口臭，而口臭的原因就是唾液流速低于正常速度，可推断酒精影响唾液正常流动，故D选项“它影响唾液正常流动”正确。A选项“它能阻止致病细菌繁殖”：文章中没有提到任何方法阻止细菌繁殖，只有通过刷牙等清除细菌的方法。B选项“其气味加剧口臭”：根据第八段第二句，含有酒精的漱口水通过气味掩盖口臭，没有提到其气味加剧口臭。C选项“它能有效杀死细菌”：根据第八段第三、四句，漱口水可以杀死部分细菌，但不能杀死所有致病细菌，可知漱口水不能有效杀死细菌。因此D选项正确。

4.语义推测题。根据第八段第四句Thetroubleistheydon’tnecessarilyreachalloffendinggerms（问题是它们不一定能接触到所有致病的细菌），thetrouble交代这是漱口水不能有效治疗口臭的主要原因，故B选项“它们无法接触到所有致病细菌”正确。A选项“它们无法长时间掩盖难闻气味”：无法长时间掩盖气味是漱口水不能有效治疗口臭的表现。C选项“它们浓烈的气味和口臭味道混合后加剧口臭”：根据第八段最后一句如果漱口水中含有酒精——大多数都含有——会加剧问题，可知漱口水含有酒精并且加剧口臭。D选项“它们不能覆盖厚厚的黏液层”：根据第八段倒数第二句，大多数细菌在厚层黏液中，漱口水不能杀死它们，没有说到为什么不能和漱口水能不能到达厚层黏液。因此B选项正确。

5.细节判断题。根据第二段Untilafewyearsago,themostdoctorscoulddowastocounselpatientswithbadbreathaboutoralcleanliness.Nowtheyarefindingnewwaystotreattheusuallycurablecondition.（直到几年前，医生能做的最多的就是建议有口臭的病人保持口腔清洁。现在他们正在寻找新的方法来治疗这种通常可以治愈的疾病），对于治愈口臭，前几年医生能做的有限，而且现在还在寻找方法治愈口臭，可见口臭不容易治愈，故A选项“口臭不容易治愈”正确。B选项“老年人口臭较少”：根据第六段第一句老年人比年轻人更多有口臭问题，可知老年人口臭问题更多。C选项“酗酒者较少受到口臭的影响”和D选项“口臭受酒精影响较小”：根据第五段第一句酒精……任何使口腔干燥的东西都会产生口臭，可知酒精加剧口臭问题并且影响不小。因此A选项正确。

5.翻译题

Scientistsstudytheworldinwhichwelive.Theydothisbycuriosityandtheycanbecomeexciteduponmakingnoveldiscoveriesandbyfindingmeanstoexplainyetunsolvedquestions.Butscientistsarenormallynotselfish;theyliketosharetheirexcitementwithotherpeople.Theypublishtheirfindingssothatthesebecomewidelyaccessibletoallthoseinterested.

Infact,theycommunicatetheirresultsalsointheirowninterest.Scientistsareeagertotalkwithotherscientistsworkingonthesameandsimilarproblems.Byexchangingresultsandideas,theyhaveabetterchanceofsuccessandtheycanreachtheirgoalmorerapidly.Mostoftentheobjectivesoftheirstudy,beingitinthefieldsofphysics,chemistryorbiology,sharethesamepropertiesanywhereintheworld.ThelawsofnaturearethesameinEuropeandinChina.Forthissimplereasonthedialoguebetweenscientistsdoesnotstopatpoliticalborders.Whereverintheworldascientistfindsacolleagueexploringthesameproblem,anexchangeoftheirknowledgecanhelpthemtoadvancetheirstudies.Forthesereasonsinternationalcollaborationbetweenscientistsisflourishing.

Thereareagreatmanypeoplewhohaveallthematerialconditionsofhappiness,i.e.healthandasufficientincome,andwho,nevertheless,areprofoundlyunhappy.Insuchcasesitwouldseemasifthefaultmustliewithawrongtheoryastohowtolive.Inonesense,wemaysaythatanytheoryastohowtoliveiswrong.Weimagineourselvesmoredifferentfromtheanimalsthanweare.Animalsliveonimpulse,andarehappyaslongasexternalconditionsarefavorable.Ifyouhaveacat,itwillenjoylifeifithasfoodandwarmthandopportunitiesforanoccasionalnightonthetiles.Yourneedsaremorecomplexthanthoseofyoucat,buttheystillhavetheirbasisininstinct.Incivilizedsocieties,especiallyinEnglish-speakingsocieties,thisistooapttobeforgotten.Peopleproposetothemselvessomeparamountobjective,andrestrainallimpulsesthatdonotministertoit.

【答案】科学家研究我们居住的这个世界。他们受好奇心驱使，当有新发现、发现方法来解释那些未解之谜时他们会变得兴奋。科学家一般都不自私，他们乐于将喜悦分享给他人。他们将自己的发现出版，这样全世界对此有兴趣的人都能接触到。

事实上，他们交流结果也是为了自己。科学家们渴望与其他研究相同和类似问题的同行交流。通过交换结果和想法，他们成功的机会更大，能更快达到目标。通常他们研究的目标大部分是属于物理、化学或者生物领域的，这些在世界上任何地方都有相同的特质。欧洲和中国的自然规律都是一样的。正是这个原因使得科学家之间的对话不会为政治界限所阻。只要科学家发现有同行在研究同一个问题，无论在世界何处，交换各自的知识就能帮助对方推进研究。由于这些原因，科学家之间的国际合作蓬勃发展。

很多人具备所有快乐的条件，比如健康以及足够的收入，但是他们却并不快乐。就这种情况来说，似乎问题出在生活理论的错误上。在某个意义上，我们可以说任何关于生活的理论都是错误的。我们和动物的区别并没有想象中的大。动物的生活是冲动性的，只要外部条件合适，它们就会很快乐。如果你有一只猫，它只要有东西吃，感到暖和，晚上偶尔有机会出去玩，它就会很快乐。你的需求远比你的猫的要复杂，但还是以本能为基础的。在文明社会中，尤其是在讲英语的国家，这一点很容易被人遗忘。人们给自己提出一个至高无上的目标，并抑制一切不利于实现这一目标的冲动。

6.单选题

A(n)（）shapehasfourstraightsidesat90°toeachother,twoofwhicharemuchlongerthantheothertwo.

问题1选项

A.square

B.oval

C.circular

D.oblong

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项square“正方形的，直角的”；B选项oval“椭圆的，卵形的”；C选项circular“循环的，圆形的”；D选项oblong“长方形的”。句意：长方形有四条边，相邻两边夹角为90度，其中两条边长于另外两条。由选项意思和句意可知，D选项符合句意。

7.问答题

Despite(A)hislowopinionof(B)professors—orperhapsin(C)anefforttoimprovethebreed—Smithhimselfeventuallybecameit(D).

【答案】试题答案：D;one

【解析】考查代词用法。it用以指特定的物，即上下文提到的、同名称的、同样事物的那个名词，而不是同类事物的其他东西。one表示泛指，指同名称中的另一事物。此处表示Smith自己最后也成为了一名教授，不是指代前文的professors，因此用one。

8.单选题

Hecausedafalseaccountoftheevent（）inthenewspaper.

问题1选项

A.hadpublished

B.tobepublished

C.beingpublished

D.tohavepublished

【答案】B

【解析】本题考查动词。causesb.todosth.首先排除选项A和C，事件是被刊登上报纸的，表被动，所以选项B正确。句意：他对报纸上刊登的事故进行了虚假报道。

9.单选题

Youngsterswhodrinkandsmoke,andareoftenabsentfromschoolarefarmorelikelytobe（）fromschool.

问题1选项

A.induced

B.disobeyed

C.expelled

D.forbidden

【答案】C

【解析】动词词义辨析。选项A,B,D都不能与介词from搭配应用。beexpelledfromschool意为被学校开除,符合句意。句意：酗酒、吸烟、经常旷课的青少年更有可能被学校开除。

10.单选题

Badtravelingconditionshadseriously（）theirprogresstotheirdestinationinthat

region.

问题1选项

A.tugged

B.demolished

C.hampered

D.destroyed

【答案】C

【解析】动词词义辨析。句意:恶劣的旅行条件严重（）了他们到达该地区目的地的进程。tug用力拖，拖拉；demolish毁坏，破坏；hamper妨碍，牵制；destroy毁灭，消灭。C符合句意。

11.单选题

Itisanoffencetoshow（）againstpeopleofdifferentraces.

问题1选项

A.distinction

B.difference

C.separation

D.discrimination

【答案】D

【解析】句意:对不同种族的人表现出歧视是一种冒犯。

考查名词辨析。distinction区别，特性;difference差异，不同;separation分离，距离;discrimination歧视，区别，辨别。故D符合句意。

12.单选题

Afterreceivingthenews,immediate（）wastakenbythelocalgovernmenttostopthediseasespreading.

问题1选项

A.activity

B.adventure

C.action

D.measure

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。activity“活动”；adventure“冒险”；action“活动，行动”；measure“测量，措施”。根据关键词take可知此处是表示“采取措施”，因此选项D符合题意。句意：接到消息后，当地政府立刻采取措施防止疾病蔓延。

13.单选题

Waterwillcontinuetobe（

）itistoday—nextinimportancetooxygen.

问题1选项

A.how

B.which

C.as

D.what

【答案】D

【解析】考查语法。后面破折号的内容是对前一句做进一步的补充说明，空格处所在句子为表语从句，所填词引导表语从句且在句中做宾语。故D项正确。句意：水将依然处于仅次于氧气的重要地位。

14.单选题

Thewordconservationhasathrifty（节俭）meaning.Toconserveistosaveandprotect,toleavewhatweourselvesenjoyinsuchgoodconditionthatothersmayalsosharetheenjoyment.Ourforefathershadnoideathathumanpopulationwouldincreasefasterthanthesuppliesofrawmaterials;mostofthem,evenuntilveryrecently,hadthefoolishideathatthetreasureswere“limitless”and“inexhaustible”.Mostofthecitizensofearliergenerationsknewlittleornothingaboutthecomplicatedanddelicatesystemthatrunsallthroughnature,andwhichmeansthat,asinalivingbody,anunhealthyconditionofonepartwillsoonerorlaterbeharmfultoalltheothers.

Fiftyyearsagonaturestudywasnotpartoftheschoolwork;scientificforestrywasanewidea;timberwasstillcheapbecauseitcouldbebroughtinanyquantityfromdistantwoodlands,soildestructionandriverfloodswerenotnationalproblems;nobodyhadyetstudiedlong-termsclimaticcyclesinrelationtoproperlanduse;eventheword“conservation”hadnothingofthemeaningthatithasforustoday.

Forthesakeofourselvesandthosewhowillcomeafterus,wemustnowsetaboutrepairingthemistakesofourforefathers.Conservationshould,therefore,bemadeapartofeveryone’sdailylife.Toknowaboutthewatertable（水位）inthegroundisjustasimportanttousasaknowledgeofthebasicarithmeticformulas.Weneedtoknowwhyallwatersheds（上游源头森林地带集水区）needtotheprotectionofplantlifeandwhytherunningcurrentofstreamsandriversmustbemadetoyieldtheirfullbenefittothesoilbeforetheyfinallyescapetothesea.Weneedtobetaughtthedutyofplantingtreesaswellasofcuttingthem.Weneedtoknowtheimportanceofbig,maturetrees,becauselivingspaceformostofman’sfellowcreaturesonthisplanetisfiguredoutonlyinsquaremeasureofsurfacebutalsoincubitvolumeabovetheearth.Inbrief,itshouldbeourgoaltorestoreasmuchoftheoriginalbeautyofnatureaswecan.

1.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsthecurrentsituationintheexploitationofnaturalresourcesis（

）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,thegreatestmistakeofourforefatherswasthat（

）.

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthethirdparagraphthatearliergenerationsdidn’trealize（

）.

4.Toavoidcorrectingthemistakeofourforefathers,theauthorsuggeststhat（

）.

5.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?

问题1选项

A.positive

B.neutral

C.suspicious

D.critical

问题2选项

A.theyhadnoideaaboutscientificforestry

B.theyhadlittleornosenseofenvironmentalprotection

C.theywerenotawareofthesignificanceofnaturestudy

D.theyhadnoideaofhowtomakegooduseofrawmaterials

问题3选项

A.theinterdependenceofwater,soil,andlivingthings

B.theimportanceoftheproperuseofland

C.theharmfulnessofsoildestructionandriverfloods

D.thevalueofthebeautyofnature

问题4选项

A.weplantmoretrees

B.naturalsciencebetaughttoeverybody

C.environmentaleducationbedirectedtowardeveryone

D.wereturntonature

问题5选项

A.OurForefathers’BigMistake

B.ImprovetheLivingConditions

C.ProtectionofOurResources

D.LeadaSimpleLife

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.文章第一段第三句mostofthem,evenuntilveryrecently,hadthefoolishideathatthetreasureswere“limitless”and“inexhaustible”提到很多人直到现在还愚蠢地以为那些资源是取之不尽用之不竭的，从foolish这个单词可知作者对此持批判态度。选项D符合题意。

2.文章第二段主要讲述由于几十年前林业科学还是一门没有普及的学科，使得我们的祖先们没有好好保护环境。四个选项中，A,C,D三个选项可以归纳为当时的人还没有环保意识，所以选项B符合题意。

3.文章第三段最后一句话Inbrief,itshouldbeourgoaltorestoreasmuchoftheoriginalbeautyofnatureaswecan提到我们应该把保存自然原始的美作为目标，由此推断我们的祖先当时没有把这个当成目标，选项D符合题意。

4.文章最后一段使用了多次weneedtoknow,weneedtobetaught等，可知作者提倡使用教育的方法来提高人们的科学知识。选项B符合题意。

5.文章反复强调conserve,conservation这两个词，可知作者所要表达的中心思想便是保护环境资源。选项C符合题意。

15.单选题

Hisideasareinvariablycondemnedas（

）byhiscolleagues.

问题1选项

A.imaginative

B.ingenious

C.impractical

D.denied

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。imaginative“富于想象力的，有创造力的”；ingenious“有独创性的，机灵的”；impractical“不切实际的”；denied“否定”。由“condemned谴责”可知此空应填贬义词，故C项符合题意。句意：他的想法总是被同事们指责为不切实际。

16.单选题

The（）ofjettravelhasmadetheworldseemsmaller.

问题1选项

A.remark

B.relationship

C.removal

D.innovation

【答案】D

【解析】形近词辨析。remark评论；relationship关系；removal去掉；innovation发明。句意：喷气式飞机旅行的发明似乎使世界变小了。选项D符合句意。

17.单选题

Whatismostimportanttothemonkeysinthesanctuaryisthattheyareagroup;thisissobecauseprimatesareinveterately（）andbuildtheirlivesaroundeachother.

问题1选项

A.independent

B.proprietary

C.social

D.stable

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项independent“独立的；单独的；无党派的；不受约束的”；B选项proprietary“专卖的，专营的；所有的，所有权的”；C选项social“社会的，社交的；群居的”；D选项stable“稳定的，牢固的；稳重的，沉稳的；持久的”。句意：对于禁猎区的猴子而言，最重要的一点是它们是一个群体；这之所以如此，是因为灵长目动物具有一种根深蒂固的群居习性，均围绕着对方而营造其生活。

18.单选题

Globalizationisaphenomenonthathasbeenaffectingcountriesandsocietiesforseveraldecades,buttheoutlineoftheglobalsystemhasonlyemergedwithsomeclarityrecently.Theriseofglobalmarketsandtheincreaseinspeedandvolumeofinternationaltransactionshasbroughtaboutadegreeofinterdependenceandco-operationineconomicmattersamongstatesthathasnotsofarbeenmatchedbyacorrespondingincreaseinrespectforandprotectionofhumanrightsanddemocracy.Indeed,manydemocraciesarestillfragile,andhavenotmadethetransitionfromviewingdemocraticpracticesasinstrumentaltohavingawidelysharedprincipledcommitmenttothedemocraticandconstitutionalframework.

Theriseofglobaleconomicnetworkshasledtoariseintheinfluenceofglobalactorssuchasmulti-nationalcorporations,globaleconomicbodiessuchastheWTO,theWorldBank,theIMFandregionaleconomicorganizations.Theseconstituteanewformofglobalgovernancewhosedirectivesandimperativesstatesfindincreasinglydifficulttoignore.Theestablishedinternationalpoliticalorganizationshavenotcomeclosetoreplicatingthiseffectiveness.

Predictionsthatthephenomenonofglobalizationwillresultinaloweringofhumanrightsstandardsasthemobilityofcapitalseeksoutthemarketsleastconstrainedbylaborandhumanrightsstandardstomaximizethehighestreturnsneednotbethecase.Theroleofhumanrightsorganizationsinthiscontextmustbetoensurethatglobalizationdrivesstandardsupnotdown,andtopresentthecasethatfreedomofexpressionandaccesstoofficialinformationarekeytosustainablehumanandeconomicdevelopmentandthepreventionofcorruption,whichinturnsupporttheconditionsnecessaryforsustainableeconomicgrowth.

Withthedemandforglobaltradetogohandinhandwithglobalresponsibilityinternationalfinancialinstitutionsarecomingunderincreasingpressuretoregulatetheglobaleconomynotsimplytofacilitateeconomicgrowth,buttopromotecompliancewithhumandevelopment,includinginternationalhumanrightsnorms.Multinationalcorporationshavealsobeenforcedtorecognizeadegreeofcorporatesocialresponsibilityintheareasinwhichtheyoperateandinthecommunitiesonwhichtheyhaveanimpact.Transparencyintheoperationsofsuchcompaniesisbecomingincreasinglyimportanttotheirgainingaccesstocapital.Theyaremoreandmoreaccountabletoshareholders,who,inturnareincreasinglydiffuseandnumerous.Thepursuitof“shareholdervalue”meansthatthereisscoretoensurethattheinvestor—citizenhasasayinthewaythatcompaniesconductthemselves.

Thetaskforthosepromotingfreeexpressionistoharnessnewtechnologiestochallengecensorship,andtoharnessthepowerandinfluenceofnewglobalactorstoensurethattheynotonlytaketheargumentsforfreeexpressiononboard,butbecomevocaladvocatesforsuchrights.

21.Allofthefollowingisnottrueaccordingtothefirstparagraphexcept（）.

22.Theunderlinedword“which”inthethirdparagraphrefersto（）.

23.Multinationalcorporationshavenotto（）.

24.Whichofthefollowingexpressionsabouttheglobalactorsisnottrue?

25.Whatisnotthepurposeofwritingthispassage?

问题1选项

A.globalizationhasbeendevelopingsystematicallyforseveraldecades

B.protectionofhumanrightshasn’tincreasedenoughtobecorrespondentwiththepresentsituation

C.democracyhasbeenfullydevelopedintheworld

D.manycountrieshasconstructedademocraticandconstitutionalframework

问题2选项

A.humanrightsorganizations

B.thepreventionofcorruption

C.sustainablehumanandeconomicdevelopmentandthepreventionofcorruption

D.freedomofexpressionandaccesstoofficialinformation

问题3选项

A.recognizeitssocialresponsibility

B.beresponsibletotheirshareholders

C.betransparentinoperation

D.beresponsibleinothercommunitiesinthesamearea

问题4选项

A.Theyarebecomingmoreandmoreinfluential.

B.Sometimestheycaninfluencethedecisionofacountry.

C.Theyarenotsoeffectiveastheinternationalpoliticalorganization.

D.WTOandIMFareincluded.

问题5选项

A.Topointoutthenegativeeffectsofglobalization.

B.Tobridlethepowerandinfluenceofglobalactors.

C.Tocalltheglobalactorsawarenessofhumanrights.

D.Toharnessnewtechnologiestochallengeexamination.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】21.细节判断题。根据题干要求，将信息点定位到原文第一段第二句Theriseofglobalmarketsandtheincreaseinspeedandvolumeofinternationaltransactionshasbroughtaboutadegreeofinterdependenceandco-operationineconomicmattersamongstatesthathasnotsofarbeenmatchedbyacorrespondingincreaseinrespectforandprotectionofhumanrightsanddemocracy.（全球市场的兴起以及国际交易的速度提升和数量的增加，在各国之间的经济事务中带来了一定程度的相互依赖和合作，而迄今为止，这些国家在尊重和保护人权与民主方面并没有相应的提升。），从而得出本题答案。

22.

事实细节题。根据题干要求，定位到原文第三段最后一句Theroleofhumanrightsorganizationsinthiscontextmustbetoensurethatglobalizationdrivesstandardsupnotdown,andtopresentthecasethatfreedomofexpressionandaccesstoofficialinformationarekeytosustainablehumanandeconomicdevelopmentandthepreventionofcorruption,whichinturnsupporttheconditionsnecessaryforsustainableeconomicgrowth.（人权组织在这方面的作用必须是确保全球化提高而不是降低标准，并提出言论自由和获得官方资料是可持续的人力和经济发展和防止腐败的关键，而这反过来又支持可持续经济增长所必需的条件。）从而得出本题答案。

23.

细节推理题。根据题干关键词“Multinationalcorporations”定位到原文第四段。选项A与第四段第二句中的recognizeadegreeofcorporatesocialresponsibility对应；选项B与原文第四段第四句中的moreandmoreaccountabletoshareholders；选项C与原文第四段第三句中的Transparencyintheoperations对应。选项D的表述不对，因为文中对需负责任的团体的限定是onwhichtheyhaveanimpact。即可得出本题答案。

24.

细节判断题。根据题干要求定位到原文第二段，由第二段第一句Theriseofglobaleconomicnetworkshasledtoariseintheinfluenceofglobalactors.（全球经济网络的崛起导致了全球参与者影响力的上升。）可知A正确；由第二段第二句可知选项B正确；D很显然也是正确的。而通过最后一句“Theestablishedinternationalpoliticalorganizationshavenotcomeclosetoreplicatingthiseffectiveness”说明，国际政治组织没有经济组织有效力。可判断选项C与原文不符，即可得出本题答案。

25.

主旨大意题。通读全文，可知作者并未提及全球化的负面影响。从而得出本题答案。

19.单选题

Theoldladyhasdevelopeda（

）coughwhichcannotbecuredcompletelyinashorttime.

问题1选项

A.perpetual

B.permanent

C.chronic

D.sustained

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。perpetual意为“永久地”；permanent意为“永恒的，不变的”；chronic意为“慢性的”；sustained意为“持久的，持续的”。

句意：这位老太太得了一种慢性咳嗽，不能在短时间内彻底治愈。

20.写作题

Youaretowriteacompositionofnolessthan250wordsandwriteyourcompositionneatlyontheAnswerSheet.Yourcompositionshouldbebasedonthefollowingtopic：

MyViewontheInternet

【答案】MyViewontheInternet21.单选题

13.

问题1选项

A.Themanisaliar.

B.ThemanisjealousofLisa.

C.Shedoesnotagreewiththemanonthat.

D.ShewillsurelydothesameasLisadoes.

【答案】C

【解析】M:Lisasaysthatthejobtakesthebackseattothefamilyaftersheismarried.Shemustbeagoodwife.

W:Thisisonlywhatshesaysnotwhatshedoes.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

【解析】女士说：Thisisonlywhatshesaysnotwhatshedoes，因此表明女士不同意男士的说法。

22.单选题

Thecourtconsidersafinancial______tobeanappropriatewayofpunishinghim.

问题1选项

A.option

B.obsession

C.obligation

D.penalty

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项option“选择”；B选项obsession“痴迷，着魔，困扰”；C选项obligation“义务，责任”；D选项penalty“惩罚”。根据punishinghim可知D选项符合语义。句意：法院认为经济处罚是惩罚他的适当方式。

23.单选题

MuchoftheAmericananxietyaboutoldageisaflightfromtherealityofdeath.OneofthestrikingqualitiesoftheAmericancharacteristheunwillingnesstofaceeitherthefactormeaningofdeath,inthemoresombertraditionofAmericanliterature—fromHawthorneandMelvilleandPoetoFaulknarandHemingway?—onefindsatragicdepththatbeliesthesurfacethinnessoftheordinaryAmericandeathattitudes.Byaneffortoftheimagination,thegreatwritersfacedproblemswhichthecultureinactionisreluctanttofacethefactofdeath,itsmystery,anditsplaceintheback-and-forthshuttlingoftheeternalrecurrence.TheunblinkingconfrontationofdeathinGreektimes,theelaboratetheologicalpatternswovenarounditintheMiddleAges,theritualcelebrationofitintherich,peasantculturesofLatinandSlavicEuropeandinprimitivecultures;thesearedifficulttofindinAmericanlife.

Whetherthroughfearoftheemotionaldepths,orbecauseofadryingupofthesluicesofreligiousintensity,theAmericanavoidsdwellingondeathorevencomingtotermswithit;hefindsitmorbidandreeditsfromit,surroundingitwithwordavoidance(Americansneverdie;they"passaway")andvarioustaboosofspeechandpractice.A"Funeralparlor"isdecoratedtolooklikeabank;everythinginafuneralceremonyisdoneinhushedtones,asifitweresomethingfurtive,tobeconcealedfromtheworld;thereissomuchemphasisonbeingdignifiedthattheceremonyoftenloses'itsqualityofdignity.Insomeoftheprimitivecultures,thereisdifficultyinunderstandingthecausesofdeath;itseemspuzzlingandevenunintelligible.Livingisascientificculture.Americanshavealreadyenoughexplanationofhowitcomes,yettheyshowlittlecapacitytocometotermswiththefactofdeathitselfandwiththegriefthataccompaniesit."Wejubilateoverbirthanddanceatweddings,"writesMargaretMead,"butmoreandmorehustlethedeadoffthescenewithoutceremony,withoutanopportunityforyoungandoldtorealizethatdeathisasmuchafactoflifeasisbirth."And,onemayadd,eveninitshurryandbrevity,thelaststageofanAmerican'slife—thelastoccasionofhisrelationtohissociety—isasstandardizedastherest.

1.InthenovelsofHawthorneandMelville,onewillfind（）.

2.Thewords"passaway"suggestthe（）.

3.UnlikeAmericansociety,someprimitivecultures（）.

4.MargaretMeadsuggeststhat（）.

5.Theword"it"inline2ofparagraph2refersto（）.

6.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatinsomeprimitivecultures,（）.

7.Fromthepassage,weteamthatAmericans（）.

问题1选项

A.ordinaryAmericandeathattitudes

B.awillingnesstoacceptdeathasafactoflife

C.asuperficialattitudetowarddeath

D.amorbidattitudetothedeaththeme

问题2选项

A.religiousovertonesofdeath

B.indifferencewithwhichmostAmericansregarddeath

C.Americanreluctanttofacetherealityofdeath

D.averageAmericanbeliefinimmortality

问题3选项

A.donotunderstandthecausesofdeath

B.understandthecausesofdeath

C.areunabletocometotermswithdeath

D.haveamorbidattitudetowarddeath

问题4选项

A.weshouldsotrejoiceatabirth

B.weshouldcryatabirthandrejoiceatafuneral

C.aweddingshouldbesolemnaffair

D.weshouldacceptbothdeathmidmarriageandbirthasafactoflife

问题5选项

A.fear

B.religiousintegrity

C.dwellingondeath

D.death

问题6选项

A.deathisacceptedhappily

B.deathhasbeentreatedasamystery

C.deathhasbeenbestowedwithrichculturalimplications

D.mentioningofdeathisavoidedinAmericanculture

问题7选项

A.knowscientificallyhowdeathcomesabout

B.treatdeathasamystery

C.acceptdeathsquarely

D.knowmoreaboutdeaththanpeopleinothercountries

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:D

第6题:B

第7题:A

【解析】