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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-商丘学院考试押题三合一+答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Whenwedrovealong,wesawheavywispsofsmokefromfactorychimneys()upintotheair.

问题1选项

A.ascending

B.fluctuating

C.spiraling

D.charging

【答案】A

【解析】ascendupinto...为固定搭配,表示“上升,升向”。这里指烟囱里的烟升向天空,选项A正确。

2.单选题

Atourhouse,nobodygetsmoremailthanJake:catalogs,coupons,andofferstosubscribetomagazines.Heisalsourgedtodonatetoworthcausesandtakeadvantageofsomeprettyincrediblecredit-cardoffers.

Heignoresallofthem.Whatdotheyexpect?He’sadog.

ItallstartedwhenIusedJake’snameasanaliasontheInternet,inanattempttoprotectwhat’sleftofmyprivacy.BeforeIknewit,junkwasporingin,provingonceagainthatthesedayseverymoveyoumakeonlinecanbe,oftenis,carefullywatchedandrecordedbypeoplewhodon’tknowyoufromyourdog—everyonefromadandinsuranceagenciestononprofitgroupsandeventhedreadedtelemarketers.Andlet’snotforgetthemore,shallwesay,unscrupulouscharacters.

We’veallheardhorrorstoriesaboutpeoplewhoseidentities,intheformofcreditcardorSocialSecuritynumbers,wereassumedbycrooks.Identitytheftisoneofthefastest-growingcrimesaround.

Evenifyouneverbuyanythingonline,yourprivacycanbecompromisedbyWeb“cookies”.AcookieisasmallfilethataWebsitestoresonyourcomputercontaininginformationitcanuseto“recognize”youifyoureturntothatsite.

Mostcookiesposelittlerisktoprivacyontheirown.Theproblemcomeswhenothersgetholdofyourcookies.Inahighlypublicizedcaseearlierthisyear.DoubleclickInc.Plannedtocross-referenceconsumercookiedatawithinformationfromamarketingdatabase,suchasname,addressandcreditcard-purchasehistory.Seenasanunethicalviolationof

consumers’privacy,alawsuitfollowed.Doubleclickgaveuptheplan,fornow.

Inthemeantime,otherthreatstoyourcyberprivacystillexist.Example;Anyonewhoknowwheretolookcanbuystolencreditcardnumbersinchatrooms,andspendsupeverypennyonyourcardinminutes.

Inthistechnology-drivenworld,yournewbestfriendmaybeadifferentkindofanimal:PrivacyEnhancingTechnologies,whichletyoucompleteelectronictransactionsanonymously.TheAnonymizer()offersanonymoussurfing.Anonymouspaymentmechanismssuchaselectroniccash()letyoushoponlinewithoutacreditcard.AndyoucandownloadfreesoftwaresuchastheInternetJunkbustertofilteroutmostcookiesbeforetheytouchyourcomputer.

Still,asnewtechnologiesbringoutthecreativityincrooks,yourbestbetmaybeplainold-lash-ionedvigilance.Keeptrackofeachpenny,balanceyourcheckbookandfollowupondiscrepanciesinyourstatementsimmediately.Howevermuchtheworldchanges,itstillpaystobeyourownwatchdog.

1.TheauthorusedanaliasontheInternetinorderto(

).

2.“We’vealheardhorrorstoriesaboutpeoplewhoseidentities,intheformofcreditcardorSocialSecuritynumbers,wereassumedbycrooks.”(Para.4)Theword“assume”means(

3.Cookiespostgreatthreattoyourprivacywhen(

).

4.ThePETscanenhanceyourprivacyby(

).

5.Toprotectyourselfonline,you’dbetter(

).

问题1选项

A.attractmoremails

B.ignorethejunk

C.concealhisidentity

D.protectthedog

问题2选项

A.suppose

B.feign

C.undertake

D.copy

问题3选项

A.theycontainyourinformation

B.theyenteryourpersonalcomputer

C.yourcookiescarryviruses

D.yourcookiesaregotandusedbyothers

问题4选项

A.enablingyoutodoonlinebusinesswithoutexposingyouridentity

B.allowingyoutopaywithoutelectroniccash

C.lettingyoudownloadsoftwarefreeofcharge

D.makingyousurfingthenetwithanalias

问题5选项

A.catchupwithnewtechnologies

B.dependonmorepowerfulprotectivesoftware

C.keepinconstanttouchwiththeonlineserviceproviders

D.stayvigilanttoyouronlineaccounts

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节事实。在第三段提出“inanattempttoprotectwhat’sleftofmyprivacy”说明作者是为了隐藏他的身份。

2.词义题。句意:我们总是听说人们的身份,被骗子以信用卡或者社会保障的号码的形式冒名顶替使用。

3.细节事实。第六段指出:当别人持有你的cookie的时候,问题就出来了

4.细节事实。根据题干定位至倒数第二段:PrivacyEnhancingTechnologies,whichletyoucompleteelectronictransactionsanonymously(PET能让你匿名完成电子交易)。

5.细节事实。最后一段给出建议:yourbestbetmaybeplainold-lash-ionedvigilance(你最好的办法就是保持警惕)。

3.单选题

Thisyearmarkthe100thanniversaryofthedeadliesteventinU.S.history:theSpanishinfluenzaepidemicof1918.Althoughscienceandtechnologyhaveadvancedtremendouslyoverthepastcentury,thePandemicperilremains;arecentexerciseattheJohnsHopkinsCenterforHealthSecurityshowedthatanepidemicofaninfluenza-likeviruscouldkill15millionAmericansinasingleyear.

Themedicalcommunity’sresponsetothisdangeris,understandably,focusedonresearchandresponse—discoveringnewvaccines,therapeutics,anddiagnosticsandfightingongoingepidemics,suchasthecurrentEbolaoutbreakinCongo.Buttheseurgentundertakingsarenotsufficient.IftheWorldistotacklemanyfactorsthatraiseourriskofadevastatingpandemic,themedicalcommunitymayhavetoentertheatresofoperationbeyondthelaboratorybenchandthetreatmentunitandpubliclyengagewithcontroversialissuesthatsomeobserverswouldconsidernonmedical.Indeed,Ibelievethatonlysucheffortscansaveusfromthesocialtrends,politicalmovements,andpolicyfailuresthatarcelevatingourriskofapandemic.Therearethreeaspectsinparticularwherethemedicalcommunity’sinterventionisurgentlyneeded.

Firstistherisingtideofisolationismandxenophobia(排外)inmanyhigh-incomenations,particularlytheUnitedStatesandEuropeancountries.Thebeliefthatisolatingourselvesfromtheworldcanpreventthespreadofdiseasesisirrational:wecanbuildnowallhighenoughtokeepoutinfectiousdiseasesanddisease-bearingvectors.

Thesecondtrendisthegrowingtideofantiscientificthinkingandresistancetoevidence-basedmedicine.Inlow-incomecountries,skepticismaboutvaccinesisaneverlastingchallenge,butwhatweareseeingintheUnitedStatesandEuropeissomethingverydifferent,andverydangerous.Thegrowingrefusalofparentsinhigh-incomecountriestovaccinatetheirchildrenisthetipofanicebergthatcouldsinkusallintheeventofanepidemicdemandingrapidvaccinedeploymentandacceptance.

Finally,andperhapsmostfundamentally,medicalprofessionalscanstepintothepublicarenatotakeonunpleasantandcontentiouspoliticalissuessuchasclimatechangeandisolationism.Manymembersofthemedicalcommunityprefertoavoidbecominginvolvedincontroversialissuesthatseemtobeoutsidethescopeofmedicalconcerns,buttheirvoicesareneededtoconfrontsuchissues.

1.Whatdoestheauthormainlydointhefirstparagraph?

2.Toaddresstheincreasingriskofpandemics,theauthorsuggeststhatthemedicalcommunity(

).

3.AccordingtoParagraph3,whatdotheUnitedStatesandEuropeancountriesneedtodotopreventinfectiousdiseasesanddisease-bearingvectors?

4.WhatcanbesaidofthesecondtrendmentionedinParagraph4?

5.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

问题1选项

A.Warntheworldagainsttheupcominginfluenzapandemic.

B.Givecredittotremendousadvancesinscienceandtechnology.

C.Remindthereadersofthepotentialdevastatingpandemicperils.

D.ReflectontheseverityoftheSpanishinfluenzaepidemicof1918.

问题2选项

A.focusmoreontheurgentundertakings

B.paymoreattentiontoresearchandresponse

C.makequickerresponseinfightingongoingepidemics

D.getmoreactivelyengagedwithissuesotherthanmedical

问题3选项

A.Tobuildhighwalls.

B.Tomaintainanopenmentality.

C.Toisolatethemselvesfromeachother.

D.Tolearnfromotherhigh-incomenations.

问题4选项

A.Skepticismaboutvaccinescanbetackledeasily.

B.Antiscientificthinkingisnotseriousinlow-incomecountries.

C.High-incomecountriesshouldlearnfromlow-incomecountries.

D.Parentalresistancetovaccinatingtheirchildrencanbedisastrous.

问题5选项

A.Medicalconcernsareascontroversialasnonmedicalissues.

B.Medicalprofessionalsshouldbemoreconcernedwithmedicalissues.

C.Moreandmoremedicalprofessionalsareinvolvedincontroversialissues.

D.Themedicalcommunityshouldplayamoreactiveroleincontroversialissues.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:D

【解析】1.【选项释义】

Whatdoestheauthormainlydointhefirstparagraph?作者在第一段主要做什么?

A.Warntheworldagainsttheupcominginfluenzapandemic.A.警告世界警惕即将到来的流感大流行。

B.Givecredittotremendousadvancesinscienceandtechnology.B.把功劳归于科学技术的巨大进步。

C.Remindthereadersofthepotentialdevastatingpandemicperils.C.提醒读者潜在的毁灭性流行病的危险。

D.ReflectontheseverityoftheSpanishinfluenzaepidemicof1918.D.回顾1918年西班牙流感疫情的严重性。

【答案】C

【考查点】主旨大意题。

【解题思路】第一段“虽然科学和技术在过去一个世纪中取得了巨大的进步,但流行病的危险仍然存在。”可知这里作者想“提醒读者注意潜在的毁灭性流行病的危险”,故C选项符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“警告世界警惕即将到来的流感大流行。”,属于对第一段的片面理解,该选项以偏概全;

B选项“把功劳归于科学技术的巨大进步。”,对第一段的片面理解,属于以偏概全;

D选项“回顾1918年西班牙流感疫情的严重性。”,第一段没有提及严重性,属于无中生有。

2.【选项释义】

Toaddresstheincreasingriskofpandemics,theauthorsuggeststhatthemedicalcommunity().为了应对不断增加的流行病风险,作者建议医学界____。

A.focusmoreontheurgentundertakingsA.把更多的精力放在紧急的事情上

B.paymoreattentiontoresearchandresponseB.多注意研究和应对

C.makequickerresponseinfightingongoingepidemicsC.迅速应对疫情

D.getmoreactivelyengagedwithissuesotherthanmedicalD.积极参与医疗以外的问题

【答案】D

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位至原文第二段第二句和第三句“但这些紧急措施是不够的。如果我们要应对诸多引起毁灭性流行病风险的因素,医学界可能要超越实验室和治疗单位,进入实际,并公开参与某些观察家认为的非医学的争议性问题。”可知作者建议医学界要参与医疗以外的问题。D选项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“把更多的精力放在紧急的事情上”,文中没有提及属于无中生有;

B选项“多注意研究和应对”,文中没有提及属于无中生有;

C选项“迅速应对疫情”,可以定位到倒数第二段的最后一句“高收入国家的父母越来越拒绝为孩子接种疫苗,这只是冰山一角,一旦出现需要迅速部署和接受疫苗的疫情,我们所有人都可能陷入困境。”,从中可知原文只是提到一旦出现需要迅速部署和接受疫苗的疫情,我们所有人都可能陷入困境,并没有说为了应对不断增加的流行病风险,作者建议医学界应该迅速应对疫情,属于张冠李戴。

3.【选项释义】

AccordingtoParagraph3,whatdotheUnitedStatesandEuropeancountriesneedtodotopreventinfectiousdiseasesanddisease-bearingvectors?根据第3段,美国和欧洲国家需要做什么来预防传染病和携带疾病的媒介?

A.Tobuildhighwalls.A.建造高墙。

B.Tomaintainanopenmentality.B.保持开放的心态。

C.Toisolatethemselvesfromeachother.C.使他们彼此隔离。

D.Tolearnfromotherhigh-incomenations.D.向其他高收入国家学习。

【答案】B

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据出处提示词Paragraph3与题干信息可定位至原文第三段,该段提到了美国和欧洲国家在预防流行病上具有排外和孤立的思潮。由第三段第二句“认为将自己与世界隔绝就能防止疾病传播的想法是不合理的:我们无法筑起足够高的墙来阻挡传染病和传播疾病的媒介。”由此句可知不应该有排外和独立他国的思想,所以B选项“保持开放的心态”是美国和欧洲国家需要做的。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“建造高墙。”,由解题思路可知文中提到“我们无法筑起足够高的墙来阻挡传染病和传播疾病的媒介。”,该选项属于反向干扰;

C选项“使他们彼此隔离。”,由解题思路可知文中提到“认为将自己与世界隔绝就能防止疾病传播的想法是不合理的”,该选项属于反向干扰;

D选项“向其他高收入国家学习。”,文中没有提及,属于无中生有。

4.【选项释义】

WhatcanbesaidofthesecondtrendmentionedinParagraph4?第四段提到的第二种趋势是什么?

A.Skepticismaboutvaccinescanbetackledeasily.A.对疫苗的怀疑很容易解决。

B.Antiscientificthinkingisnotseriousinlow-incomecountries.B.反科学思想在低收入国家并不严重。

C.High-incomecountriesshouldlearnfromlow-incomecountries.C.高收入国家应该向低收入国家学习。

D.Parentalresistancetovaccinatingtheirchildrencanbedisastrous.D.父母对给孩子接种疫苗的抵制可能是灾难性的。

【答案】D

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据出处提示词Paragraph4与题干信息词secondtrend可定位至原文第四段第一句“第二个趋势是越来越多的反科学思维和对循证医学的抵制”。该趋势中提到“在低收入国家,对疫苗的怀疑是一个永恒的挑战”以及“高收入国家的父母越来越拒绝为孩子接种疫苗”,因此选D。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“对疫苗的怀疑很容易解决。”,原文提到“对疫苗的怀疑是一个永恒的挑战”,该选项属于反向干扰;

B选项“反科学思想在低收入国家并不严重。”,由解题思路可知与第二种趋势相反,属于反向干扰;

C选项“高收入国家应该向低收入国家学习。”,该段没有提及,属于无中生有。

5.【选项释义】

Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?从最后一段可以推断出什么?

A.Medicalconcernsareascontroversialasnonmedicalissues.A.医疗问题和非医疗问题一样具有争议性。

B.Medicalprofessionalsshouldbemoreconcernedwithmedicalissues.B.医疗专业人员应该更关注医疗问题。

C.Moreandmoremedicalprofessionalsareinvolvedincontroversialissues.C.越来越多的医疗专业人员卷入了有争议的问题。

D.Themedicalcommunityshouldplayamoreactiveroleincontroversialissues.D.医疗界应该在有争议的问题上发挥更积极的作用。

【答案】D

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据出处提示词lastparagraph与题干信息可定位至原文最后一段第一句“最后,也许是最根本的,医学专业人员可以步入公共舞台,处理令人不快和有争议的政治问题,如气候变化和孤立主义”,由此句可知医学人员可以多去处理医学以外的有争议的问题。因此D选项符合原文,选D。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“医疗问题和非医疗问题一样具有争议性。”,文中没有提及属于无中生有;

B选项“医疗专业人员应该更关注医疗问题。”,与最后一段意思相反,原文是希望医学人员处理医学以外的有争议的政治问题等,该选项属于反向干扰;

C选项“越来越多的医疗专业人员卷入了有争议的问题。”,文中没有提及属于无中生有。

4.单选题

Themenwerefullof()becausetheythoughttheirfriendshadbeenunjustlypunished.

问题1选项

A.diagnosis

B.indigestion

C.indignation

D.aggression

【答案】C

【解析】句意:这些人非常愤怒,因为他们认为他们的朋友受到了不公正的惩罚。

考查名词辨析。diagnosis诊断,结论;indigestion消化不良,难理解;indignation愤怒,愤慨;aggression侵略。故C符合句意。

5.单选题

Justfiveone-hundredthsofaninchthick,lightgoldenincolorandwithaperfect“saddlecurl,”theLay’spotatochipseemsanunlikelyweaponforglobaldomination.Butitsmaker,Frito-Lay,thinksotherwise.“Potatochipsareasnackfoodfortheworld,”saidSalmanAmin,thecompany’sheadofglobalmarketing.AminbelievesthereisnocorneroftheworldthatcanresistthecharmsofaFrito-Laypotatochip.

Frito-LayisthebiggestsnackmakerinAmericaownedbyPepsiCo,andaccountsforoverhalfoftheparentcompany’s$3billionannualprofits.ButtheU.S.snackfoodmarketislargelysaturated,andtogrow,thecompanyhastolookoverseas.

Itsstrategyrestsontwobeliefs:first,aglobalproductofferseconomiesofscalewithwhichlocalbrandscannotcompete,andsecond,consumersinthe21stcenturyaredrawnto“global”asaconcept“Global”doesnotmeanproductsthatareconsciouslyidentifiedasAmerican,butonesthatconsumers-especiallyyoungpeopleseeaspartofamodem,innovative(创新的)worldinwhichpeoplearelinkedacrossculturesbysharedbeliefsandtastes.PotatochipsareanAmericaninvention,butmostChinese,forinstance,donotknowthatFrito-LayisanAmericancompany.Instead,Riskey,thecompany’sresearchanddevelopmenthead,wouldhopetheyassociatethebrandwiththenewworldofglobalcommunicationsandbusiness.

Withbrandperceptionacrucialfactor,RiskeyorderedaredesignoftheFrito-Laylogo(标识).Thelogo,alongwiththecompany’slong-heldmarketingimageofthe“irresistibility”ofitschipswouldhelpfacilitatethecompany’sglobalexpansion.

TheexecutivesacknowledgethattheytrytoswingnationaleatinghabitstoafoodcreatedinAmerica,buttheydenythatamountstoeconomicimperialism.Later,theyseeFrito-Layasspreadingthebenefitsoffreeenterpriseacrosstheworld.“We’remakingproductsinthosecountries,we’readaptingthemtothetastesofthosecountries,buildingbusinessesandemployingpeopleandchanginglives.”saidSteveReinemund,PepsiCo’schiefexecutive.

1.ItisthebeliefofFrito-Lay’sheadofglobalmarketingthat(

).

2.WhatdowelearnaboutFrito-LayfromParagraph2?

3.OneoftheassumptionsonwhichLaybasesitsdevelopmentstrategyisthat

).

4.WhydidRiskeyhavetheFrito-Laylogoredesigned?

5.Frito-Lay'sexecutivesclaimthatthepromotingofAmericanfoodintheinternationalmarket(

).

问题1选项

A.Potatochipscanhardlybeusedasaweapontodominatetheworldmarket

B.Theircompanymustfindnewwaystopromotedomesticsales

C.Thelightgoldencolorenhancesthecharmoftheircompany'spotatochips

D.Peopleallovertheworldenjoyeatingtheircompany'spotatochips

问题2选项

A.Itsproductsusedtobepopularamongoverseasconsumers.

B.Itsexpansionhascausedfiercecompetitioninthesnackmarker.

C.Itgiveshalfofitsannualprofitstoitsparentcompany.

D.Itneedstoturntotheworldmarketfordevelopment.

问题3选项

A.consumersworldwidetodayareattractedbyglobalbrands

B.localbrandscannotcompetesuccessfullywithAmericanbrands

C.productssuitingChineseconsumers’needsbringmoreprofits

D.productsidentifiedasAmericanwillhavepromisingmarketvalue

问题4选项

A.Tosuitchangingtastesofyoungconsumers.

B.Topromotethecompany'sstrategyofglobalization.

C.Tochangethecompany'slongheldmarketingimage.

D.TocompetewithotherAmericanchipproducers.

问题5选项

A.won’taffecttheeatinghabitsofthelocalpeople

B.willleadtoeconomicimperialism

C.willbeintheinterestofthelocalpeople

D.won’tspoilthetasteoftheirchips

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。题目问的是“菲多利全球市场主管相信……”。文章第一段提到“薯片是全世界人民的零食”(Potatochipsareasnackfoodfortheworld),“全世界没有任何人能抵挡住薯条的魅力”(thereisnocorneroftheworldthatcanresistthecharmsofaFrito-Laypotatochip),由此可知选项D“全世界人都爱吃他们公司生产的薯条”符合题意。

2.细节事实题。题目问的是“根据第二段,我们可以了解到菲多利……”。文章第二段提到“菲多利是美国最大的零食生产者……但美国的零食市场差不多已经饱和,所以它不得不转向海外市场”(thecompanyhastolookoverseas),由此可知菲多利需要打开全球市场来寻求发展,选项D符合题意。

3.细节事实题。题目问的是“菲多利发展策略依据的假设是……”。文章第三段提到了菲多利的两个信念,一是全球性产品具有地方产品不能与之抗衡的规模经济;一是二十一世纪的消费者为“全球性”所吸引,选项A“全球的消费者为全球品牌所吸引”符合题意。

4.细节事实题。题目问的是“Riskey重新设计将菲多利标识的原因是……”。文章第四段提到“(新设计的标识)能够帮助加速公司的全球扩张”(helpfacilitatethecompany’sglobalexpansion),因此选项B符合题意。

5.细节事实题。题目问的是“菲多利的主管们称美国食品在国际市场的推广……”。文章最后一段提到将在那些国家生产产品,让产品迎合当地人的口味,雇佣那里的工人,改变他们的生活(We’remakingproductsinthosecountries,we’readaptingthemtothetastesofthosecountries,buildingbusinessesandemployingpeopleandchanginglives),选项C“有利于当地人”符合题意。

6.单选题

Thelawondrinkinganddrivingis(

)stated.

问题1选项

A.extravagantly

B.empirically

C.explicitly

D.exceptionally

【答案】C

【解析】【试题解析】考查副词辨析。A选项extravagantly“挥霍无度地”;B选项empirically“以经验为主地”;C选项explicitly“明确地,明白地”;D选项exceptionally“例外地,特殊地”。根据关键词“law法律”和“stated被表明,被解释”,可知“明确地”符合题意,句意为:有关醉酒驾驶的法律规定得很清楚。故正确答案选C。

7.翻译题

1.当前和今后一个时期,中国经济将继续保持健康发展势头,国内需求特别是消费需求将持续扩大,对外投资也将大幅增加。据测算,今后5年,中国将进口10万亿美元左右的商品,对外投资规模将达到5000亿美元,出境旅游有可能超过4亿人次。

【答案】【参考译文】

1.Atpresentandinthefutureperiod,Chinawillcontinuetomaintainitshealthygrowthtrend.Itsdomesticdemand,particularlyconsumption-drivendemandwillcontinuetogrowanditsinvestmentinforeigncountrieswillincreasegreatly.Itisestimatedthatinthenextfiveyears,ChinawillimportaboutUS$10trillionofgoods,foreigninvestmentwillreachUS$500billion,andoutboundtourismmayexceed400millionpeople.

8.单选题

Youmustreadbetweenthelinestogetthe()meaning.

问题1选项

A.unanimous

B.underlying

C.ultimate

D.universal

【答案】B

【解析】词义辨析题。unanimous意见相同的,

全体一致的;underlying潜在的;ultimate最终的,

根本的;universal普遍的,

通用的。句意:你必须从字里行间去领会其深层含义。选项B符合句意。

9.单选题

Wehadnowaytomeasuretheexactdistancewehadtraveled,butwethoughtitwas()tenmiles.

问题1选项

A.apparently

B.appraisably

C.appropriately

D.approximately

【答案】D

【解析】句意:我们无法精确测量我们所走的距离,但我们认为大约是十英里。

考查副词辨析。apparently明显地;appraisably可评估地;appropriately合适地;approximately近似地。根据前半句句意“我们无法精确测量我们所走的距离”以及“十英里”可知D符合句意。

10.单选题

AgreementmadebythePresidentwithothercountries____theapprovaloftheSenate.

问题1选项

A.issubjectedto

B.issubjectto

C.subjected

D.subject

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.issubjectedto遭到;受到B.issubjectto受支配于

C.subjected使遭受(过去分词)D.subject受……支配的;取决于,adj.

【答案】B

【考查点】短语辨析

【解题思路】空格处为原句缺少的谓语,前后语义为“总统与其他国家达成的协议____经参议院批准。”由此可知,该句表达的是总统签订的协议需要经过参议员的审批,issubjecttotheapprovaloftheSenate“需要经过参议员的审批”,B选项issubjectto“受支配于”符合语义。

【干扰项排除】

A选项issubjectedto“遭到;受到”,指使(某人/某事物)经历、遭受不愉快的事情或受不愉快的事物的影响;

C选项subjected“使遭受(过去分词)”,不符合语境;

D选项subject“受……支配的;取决于,adj.”,不能单独做谓语。

【句意】总统与其他国家达成的协议需经参议院批准。

11.单选题

Hisworkshedprovocativeyetnecessarylightonanimportantwaytoslowthespreadofthisvirus.

问题1选项

A.provisional

B.seductive

C.disturbing

D.insulting

【答案】C

【解析】形容词辨析。句意:他的工作就是着手放缓这种病毒的传播。

provisional:临时的,暂定的。seductive:诱人的,有魅力的。disturbing:干扰的,令人不安的,骚扰的(与画线词provocative:挑衅的,煽动的,意思相近)。insulting:侮辱的,无礼的。

12.单选题

Mycatisafussyeater,butmydogisso()thatshe’llswallowdownanythingthatisputinfrontofher.

问题1选项

A.indiscriminate

B.choosy

C.indefinite

D.picky

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项indiscriminate“不加选择的”;B选项choosy“好挑剔的”;C选项indefinite“不确定的,无限的”;D选项picky“挑剔的”。句意:我的猫很挑食,但我的狗却不加选择地吃任何摆在她面前的东西。根据句意可知,填空处应填入一个和fussy(爱挑剔的)意思相反的单词,所以选项A符合语境。

13.单选题

Myfatherdecidestomakemegobacktocollegeimmediately,studymylessonscarefully,and(

).

问题1选项

A.amaster’sdegreemustattained

B.mustattainmymaster'sdegree

C.attainmymaster’sdegree

D.mymaster’sdegreebeattained

【答案】C

【解析】句意:父亲决定让我立刻回到学校,认真学习课程,并获得硕士学位。

语法题。考查并列的动词短语。由表示并列的and可知所填成分应与“studymylessonscarefully”结构一致,故选C。

14.单选题

Materialculturereferstothetouchable,material“things”一physicalobjectsthatcanbeseen,held,felt,used—thatacultureproduces.Examiningaculture’stoolsandtechnologycantellusaboutthegroup’shistoryandwayoflife.Similarly,researchintothematerialcultureofmusiccanhelpustounderstandthemusic-culture.Themostvividbodyof“things”init,ofcourse,aremusicalinstruments.Wecannothearforourselvestheactualsoundofanymusicalperformancebeforethe1870swhenthephonographwasinvented,sowerelyoninstrumentsforimportantinformationaboutmusic-culturesintheremotepastandtheirdevelopment.Herewehavetwokindsofevidence:instrumentswellpreservedandinstrumentspicturedinart.Throughthestudyofinstruments,aswellaspaintings,writtendocuments,andsoon,wecanexplorethemovementofmusicfromtheNearEasttoChinaoverathousandyearsago,orwecanoutlinethespreadofNearEasterninfluencetoEuropethatresultedinthedevelopmentofmostoftheinstrumentsonthesymphonyorchestra.

Sheetmusicorprintedmusic,too,ismaterialculture.Scholarsoncedefinedfolkmusic-culturesasthoseinwhichpeoplelearnandsingmusicbyearratherthanfromprint,butresearchshowsmutualinfluenceamongoralandwrittensourcesduringthepastfewcenturiesinEurope,BritainandAmerica.Printedversionslimitvarietybecausetheytendtostandardizeanysong,yettheystimulatepeopletocreatenewanddifferentsongs.Besides,theabilitytoreadmusicnotationhasafar-reachingeffectonmusiciansand,whenitbecomeswidespread,onthemusic-cultureasawhole.

Musicisdeep-rootedintheculturalbackgroundthatfostersit.Wenowpaymoreandmoreattentiontotraditionalorethnicfeaturesinfolkmusicandarewillingtopreservethefolkmusicaswedowithmanytraditionalculturalheritage.Musiciansallovertheworldarebusywithrecordingclassicmusicintheircountryforthesakeoftheiruniqueculture.Asalways,people’saspirationwillalwaysfocusontheirindividualityratherthanuniversalfeaturesthataresharedbyallculturesalike.

Onemoreimportantpartofmusic’smaterialcultureshouldbesingledout:theinfluenceoftheelectronicmedia—radio,recordplayer,taperecorder,andtelevision,withthefuturepromisingtalkingandsingingcomputersandotherdevelopments.Thisisallpartofthe“information-revolution”,atwentiethcenturyphenomenonasimportantastheindustrialrevolutioninthenineteenth.Theseelectronicmediaarenotjustlimitedtomodernnations;theyhaveaffectedmusic-culturesallovertheglobe.

1.Researchintothematerialcultureofanationisofgreatimportancebecause(

).

2.Itcanbelearnedfromthispassagethat(

).

3.Accordingtotheauthor,musicnotationisimportantbecause(

4.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethattheintroductionofelectronicmediaintothe

worldofmusic(

5.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthemainideaofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.ithelpsproducenewculturaltoolsandtechnology

B.itcanreflectthedevelopmentofthenation

C.ithelpsunderstandthenation’spastandpresent

D.itcandemonstratethenation’scivilization

问题2选项

A.theexistenceofthesymphonywasattributedtothespreadofNearEasternandChinesemusic

B.NearEasternmusichadaninfluenceonthedevelopmentoftheinstrumentsinthesymphonyorchestra

C.thedevelopmentofthesymphonyshowsthemutualinfluenceofEasternandWesternmusic

D.themusicalinstrumentsinthesymphonyorchestraweredevelopedonthebasisofNearEasternmusic

问题3选项

A.ithasagreateffectonthemusic-cultureasmoreandmorepeopleareabletoreadit

B.ittendstostandardizefolksongswhenitisusedbyfolkmusicians

C.itistheprintedversionofstandardizedfolkmusic

D.itencouragespeopletopopularizeprintedversionsofsongs

问题4选项

A.hasbroughtaboutaninformationrevolution

B.hasspeededupthearrivalofanewgenerationofcomputes

C.hasgivenrisetonewformsofmusicculture

D.hasledtothetransformationoftraditionalmusicalinstruments

问题5选项

A.Musicalinstrumentsdevelopedthroughtheyearswillsoonerorlaterbereplacedbycomputers.

B.Musiccannotbepassedontofuturegenerationunlessitisrecorded.

C.Folksongscannotbespreadfarunlesstheyareprintedonmusicsheets.

D.Thedevelopmentofmusiccultureishighlydependentonitsmaterialaspect.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.文章第一段examiningaculture’stoolsandtechnologycantellusaboutthegroup’shistoryandwayoflife提到研究文化相关的工具和技术是为了了解一个国家的历史和生活方式,所以选项C符合题意。

2.文章第一段最后一句wecanoutlinethespreadofNearEasterninfluencetoEuropethatresultedinthedevelopmentofmostoftheinstrumentsonthesymphonyorchestra提到了交响乐团的发展,交响乐是由近东传播到欧洲的,选项D符合题意。

3.文章第二段Besides,theabilitytoreadmusicnotationhasafar-reachingeffectonmusiciansand,whenitbecomeswidespread,onthemusic-cultureasawhole提及阅读乐谱对音乐家产生了深远的影响,并且对音乐文化也有很大的影响,选项A的描述与之相近,因此符合题意。

4.文章最后一段theinfluenceoftheelectronicmedia—radio,recordplayer,taperecorder,andtelevision,withthefuturepromisingtalkingandsingingcomputersandotherdevelopments提到了电子媒体的内容,由此可知就像工业文明导致社会结构变化一样,这些电子媒体会导致一些新的音乐形式出现,选项C符合题意。

5.文章主要提到了音乐的物质文明,比如乐器、乐谱等来讲述音乐文明的发展历程,提到音乐文明的发展离不开物质文明的发展,选项D符合题意。

15.单选题

Thereareseveralpossibleexplanationforthegreaterjob(

)inJapanincontrasttothegreatjobmobilityintheUnitedState.

问题1选项

A.sensitivity

B.creativity

C.stability

D.security

【答案】C

【解析】形近词辨析题。A选项sensitivity“敏感性”;B选项creativity“创造性”;C选项stability“稳定性”;D选项security“安全性”。

句意:日本工作的稳定性和美国工作的流动性形成对比,对此有几种可能的解释。根据下文的关键词“mobility”可知,选项C正确。

16.填空题

Lizdidn’ttellherfriendsthatshewasill,soasaresult(1)ofthemcametoseeher(2)shewasinthehospital.

【答案】1.none

2.when

【解析】1.语义题。None表示“没有一个”。

2.语义题。When当…的时候。

17.单选题

Idon’tunderstandwhatyou’regettingsoworkedupaboutit.It’sreallynotaproblem.

问题1选项

A.unconcerned

B.concerned

C.angry

D.happy

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项unconcerned“不关心的;无关的;无忧虑的”;B选项concerned“有关的;关心的”;C选项angry“生气的;愤怒的;狂暴的;(伤口等)发炎的”;D选项happy“幸福的;高兴的;巧妙的”。句意:我不明白你为什么这么生气。这真的不是问题。本句关键词workedup表示“激动的,生气的”,四个选项中C选项最合适,因此C选项正确。

18.单选题

LongbeforeManlivedontheEarth,therewerefishes,reptiles,birds,insects,andsomemammals.Althoughsomeoftheseanimalswereancestorsofkindslivingtoday,othersarenowextinct,thatis,theyhavenodescendantsalivenow.(1).

Veryoccasionallytherocksshowimpressionofskin,sothat,apartfromcolor,wecanbuildupareasonablyaccuratepictureofan

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