考研考博-英语-四川传媒学院考试押题三合一+答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-四川传媒学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.翻译题

国画(Chinesepainting)是世界上最古老的艺术传统之一。绘画时用毛笔蘸黑墨或彩墨在纸张或丝绸上作画。根据表现手法，国画可分为写意派(theXieyiSchool)和工笔派(theGongbiSchool)两大类。写意派以自由表达和形式夸张为特点；工笔派则注重以精细的笔法描绘细节。山水画被公认为国画的最高形式。纵观历史，不同时期的国画都相应地反映出人们的社会意识。

【答案】Chinesepaintingisoneoftheoldestartistictraditionsintheworld.Thepaintingisdoneonpaperorsilkwithabrushdippedinblackorcoloredink.Accordingtothemeansofexpression,ChinesepaintingscanbedividedintotwocategorieswhicharetheXieyiSchoolandtheGongbiSchool.TheXieyiSchoolischaracterizedbyfreeexpressionandexaggeratedforms,whiletheGongbiSchoolattachesimportancetodetailwithfinebrushwork.LandscapepaintingiswidelyregardedasthehighestformofChinesepainting.Throughouthistory,theChinesepaintingsatdifferenttimesmirrorpeople'ssocialconsciousnessaccordingly.

2.单选题

BritishPrimeMinisterTonyBlairpromisedtheelectoratethatgunswouldnotbefiredwithoutanattempttowinafurtherU.N.sanction.

问题1选项

A.allies

B.delegates

C.voters

D.juries

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项“同盟，同盟国”；B选项“代表，委派”；C选项“选民”；D选项“陪审团，评委会”；题干中electorate“选民，选区”，句意：英国首相布莱尔向选民承诺，如果不试图赢得联合国的进一步制裁，就不会开枪。因此C选项符合题意。

3.单选题

Theexamwouldfinishat11:30,westillhave10minutes___beforewehandinourpaper.

问题1选项

A.inhand

B.incase

C.inthenameof

D.intheway

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.inhand在手头；在进行中B.incase万一；假使

C.inthenameof以……的名义D.intheway妨碍；挡道

【考查点】词组辨析。

【解题思路】根据句意，前半句表示考试将在十一点半结束，空格前表示我们还有十分钟，空格后为交卷前，引申含义为我们还有十分钟交卷，即卷子在手中还有十分钟。因此选A。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项均无法与空格前后构成相应逻辑关系。

【句意】考试将在11点半结束，在交卷之前我们还有10分钟。

4.单选题

Thewoodwassorottenthat,whenwepulled,it（）intofragments.

问题1选项

A.brokeaway

B.brokeoff

C.brokeup

D.brokethrough

【答案】C

【解析】短语辨析。句意：木头腐烂成那样了，我们拉它的时候，它就

片了。

brokeaway脱离，放弃，裂开；brokeoff折断，突然停止；brokeup分手，破碎；brokethrough突破。

后半句有一个“fragments（碎片）”,C项符合句意。虽然A项breakaway也可表示“弄碎”的意思，但后面一般不与“into（sth.）”连用。

5.翻译题

Peoplecannotliveapartfromnature;thatisthefirstprincipleoftheconservationists.Andyet,peoplecannotliveinnaturewithoutchangingit.Butthisistrueofallcreatures;theydependuponnature,andtheychangeit.Whatwecallnatureis,inasense,thesumofthechangesmadebyallthevariouscreaturesandnaturalforcesintheirintricateactionsandinfluencesuponeachotherandupontheirplaces.Becauseofthewoodpeckers,natureisdifferentfromwhatitwouldbewithoutthem.Itisdifferentalsobecauseoftheborersandantsthatliveintreetrunks,andbecauseofthebacteriathatliveinthesoilunderthetree.Themakingofthesedifferencesisthemakingoftheworld.

Someofthechangesmadebywildcreatureswewouldcallbeneficent.Beaversarefamousformakingpondsthatturnintofertilemeadows;treesandprairiegrassesbuildsoil.Butsometimes,too,wewouldcallnaturalchangesdestructive.Accordingtoearlywitnesses,forinstance,largeareasaroundKentuckysaltlickswereseverelytrampedanderodedbythegreatherdsofhoofedanimalsthatgatheredthere.Thebuffalo“streets”throughhillycountryweresohollowedoutbyhoofwearanderosionthattheyremainvisiblealmosttwocenturiesafterthedisappearanceofthebuffalo.Andsoitcanhardlybeexpectedthathumanswouldnotchangenature.Humans,likeallothercreatures,mustmakeadifference;otherwisetheycannotlive.Butunlikeothercreatures,theymustmakeachoiceastothekindandofthedifferencetheymake.Iftheychoosetomaketoosmalladifferencetheydiminishtheirhumanity.Iftheychoosetomaketoogreatadifferencetheydiminishnature,andnarrowtheirsubsequentchoices;ultimately,theydiminishordestroythemselves.Nature,then,isnotonlyoursourcebutalsoourlimitandmeasure.

【答案】参考译文：

人类的生存离不开大自然，这是生态环境保护者的第一原则。然而，人类不可能在大自然中生存而不改变它。不过，这对所有生物来说都是如此，它们依赖自然且改变它。在某种意义上，我们把大自然称为各种各样的生物和大自然力量在自己复杂的活动、相互影响以及对生活环境的影响中引起的变化的全部。因为啄木鸟的存在，所以大自然不同于没有啄木鸟的大自然会呈现的样子。大自然也因为生活于树干的钻蛀虫和蚂蚁，以及生活在树下泥土中的细菌而不同。这些差异的形成就是世界的形成。

我们会把野生生物引起的一些变化称为是有益的：海狸因为把池塘变成肥沃草地而出名，树木和牧场草地构建了土壤。不过，我们有时会把大自然的变化称为有害的。例如，据早期目击者称，肯塔基州盐碱地周围大部分区域被聚集在那里的成群的有蹄类动物严重践踏和损坏。穿过丘陵地带的水牛“街道”被严重磨损和侵蚀，以至于它们（即水牛“街道”）在水牛消失后差不多两个世纪仍然看得见。因此，期望人类不会改变大自然几乎是不可能的。与所有其它生物一样，人类必须对大自然产生影响；否则他们就不能生存。不过，与其它生物不一样的是人类必须对于自己产生的影响的种类和规模做出选择。如果人类选择产生一个太小的影响，那么他们就会使自身数量减少。如果人类选择产生一个太大的影响，那么他们就会使大自然变小，从而使自己的选择范围缩小；最后他们会使自身数量减少或毁掉自身。因此，大自然不仅是我们人类生存的资源，并且还是我们人类生存的界限和标杆。

6.单选题

TheDaodejingisalmostcertainlythemostadmiredancientChinesephilosophicaltextamongmodemWesterners.Sincethemid-19thcenturyithasbeentranslatedintoEnglishdozensoftimes.

问题1选项

A.almostcertainly

B.ancientChinesephilosophicaltext

C.Sincethemid-19thcentury

D.Englishdozensoftimes.

E.没有问题

【答案】E

【解析】没有错误。句意:《道德经》几乎可以肯定是现代西方人中最受敬仰的中国古代哲学文本。自19世纪中期以来，它被多次翻译成英文。

7.单选题

Hisideasareinvariablycondemnedas（）byhiscolleagues.

问题1选项

A.imaginative

B.ingenious

C.impractical

D.theoretical

【答案】C

【解析】句意：他的想法总是被同事们认为（）。condemn意为“谴责，反对”，表明其后的形容词应为贬义词。A选项imaginative想象的，虚构的；B选项ingenious聪明的，精巧的；C选项impractical不切实际的，不实用的；D选项theoretical理论上的。C选项impractical符合句意和逻辑。

8.填空题

Ourinitialfieldworksite（1）outtobecompletelyunsuitable.Ourteam（2）overaweektherebeforewerecognizedthatwe（3）neverfindthequalityoffossilswewere（4）forinthatspot.

【答案】1.turned;

2.worked;

3.would;

4.looking

【解析】1.固定搭配。turnouttobe被发现是，结果是。而且此处应为过去式turned。

2.语义题。第二空填不及物动词,因此worked符合句意。

3.语法分析。第三空填would表示过去将来时。

4.固定搭配。wewerefor是定语从句修饰thequalityoffossils,那么第四空可填现在分词looking,构成lookfor“寻找”。

9.单选题

HistorianshavelongknownthatthereweretwosidestothePopulistmovementofthe1890s:aprogressiveside,embodyingtheprotestsofformersagainstbigbusiness,andadarkerside,markedbyadistrustofEasterners,immigrants,andintellectuals.Inthe1950s,oneschoolofU.S.socialthinkersconstructedaparallelbetweenthisdarksideofPopulismandthecontemporaryanti-CommunistcrusadespearheadedbyWisconsinSenatorJosephMcCarthy,whichattackedliberalism,Easternintellectuals,andcivillibertiesingeneral.ToSeymourMartinLipset,McCarthyismrepresented“thesourdregsofPopulism”;toEdwardShils,McCarthyism,likePopulism,exemplified“theambiguousAmericanimpulsetoward4directdemocracy.

NothingthatMcCarthyismandPopulismhadbothfoundtheirstrongestsupportintheagrarianMidwest,

LipsetarguedthatvoterswhobackedagrarianprotestmovementsduringearliereconomiccriseshadsupportedMcCarthyinthepost-WorldIIperiodofprosperity.IntheeyesofwriterslikeLipset,theappealofMcCarthyismextendedbeyondtheagrarianbaseofPopulismtoincludeurbangroupssuchasindustrialworkers.Lipsetclaimedthat“thelowerclasses,especiallytheworkers”hadbackedMcCarthy.Inamoresweepingfashion,LewisFeuerclaimedthat“itwastheAmericanlowerclass...whogavetheiroverwhelmingsupporttotheattacksinrecentyearsincivilliberties.”

Writingafewyearslater,politicalscientistMichaelPaulRoginchallengedthesesuperficiallyplausiblenotions,contendingthattheymerelyembodiedthewriters,ownassumptionsaboutthesupposedintoleranceoflowerclassgroups,ratherthanavalidinterpretationofMcCarthyism.Rogincriticallyexaminedtheirassertionsbythesimplemethodoftestingthemagainsttheevidence.HetestedLipset’sclaimsaboutthecontinuityofMcCarthyismandearlieragrarianprotestmovementsbybreakingdownstatewidevotingstatisticsonacounty-by-countybasis.HefoundthatWisconsincountiesthathadvotedstronglyforProgressivesbeforeWorldWarIIdidnotsupportMcCarthy;McCarthy’ssupportwasconcentratedinhishomeregionandinethnicGermanareasthathadbeentraditionallyconservative.TheoldProgressivevotehadinfactgonetoMcCarthy’sopponents,theDemocrats.

TotestLipset’sgeneralizationsaboutMcCarthy’ssupportamongclassgroups,Roginattemptedtodeterminewhetherindustrialworkershad,infact,backedMcCarthy.Correlatingincomeandemploymentstatisticswithvotingrecords,RoginfoundthatthegreatertheemploymentinindustryinagivenWisconsincounty,thelowerwasMcCarthy’sshareofthevote.Roginconcludedthatthethesisof“McCarthyismasPopulism”shouldbejudged“notastheproductofsciencebutasa...ventureintoconservativepoliticaltheory.’’

1.TheauthorwouldprobablyassertthePopulismandMcCarthyism（

）.

2.ItcanbeinferredthatRogin’smostseriouscriticismofLipset,Feuer,andShils’smethodologywouldprobablybethatthey（）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,RoginconcludedthatthewritingsofLipset,ShilsandFeuer（）.

4.Theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith（）.

问题1选项

A.werecompletelyoppositeincharacter

B.wereresponsesto,respectively,agrarianandindustrialconditions

C.wereessentiallydissimilarmovementsthatsharedsomecommonfeatures

D.eachhadbothaprogressiveandadarkerside

问题2选项

A.reachedincorrectconclusionsaboutMcCarthy

B.failedtoexaminetheevidencethatcouldsupportorweakentheirconclusions

C.equatedsupportforMcCarthyismwithanti-intellectualism

D.placedtoomuchemphasisonthedualcharacterofPopulism

问题3选项

A.intentionallydistortedhistoricalevidence

B.wereflawedbypoliticalpresuppositions

C.lentsupporttoattackoncivilliberties

D.weremarkedbyanti-intellectualbias

问题4选项

A.discoveriesdescribinganinstanceofflawedhistoricalanalysis

B.advocatingtheuseofstatisticalmethodsinhistoricalresearch

C.examiningthesimilaritiesbetweentwopoliticalmovements

D.explainingwhyhistoricalconclusionsshouldberevisedaccordingtolaterrevelations

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:D

【解析】1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段的内容，二十世纪五十年代，美国社会思想家将民粹主义的阴暗面和反共产主义运动进行相提并论和比较，说明是有共同之处的，选项C符合题意。

2.细节理解题。根据文章第三段，罗金对李普塞特、福伊尔和希尔斯的方法论进行了验证，最严厉的批评是，二者都没有对自己的观点给出证据。选项B符合题意。

3.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段，罗金的总结是，麦卡锡主义不应该被判定为科学的产物，而是一种保守政治理论。选项B符合题意。

4.主旨题。作者首先提出了麦卡锡主义和民粹主义理论，接着提出罗金对他们方法论做出了验证，最后表明将麦卡锡主义比作民粹主义的理论不应被判定为科学的产物，而是一种政治领域的探索。选项D符合题意。

10.单选题

UKandChinahassomethingsimilarintheircompulsoryeducationsystem.Firstly,bothinUKandChina,“mostchildrenreceivefreeeducationalfinancefrompublicfunds,butsmallportionsattendschoolswhollyindependentofpublicfinancialsupport.’’Secondly,bothofthetwocountrieshavelawstoensurecompulsoryeducation.Thirdly,thetwocountrieshavethesamecurriculums.Forexample,accordingtoZhuYongtaoandWangLili,foreignlanguagesaretaughtasanintegralpartofthecurriculum,reflectingtheimportanceofBritish’srelationshipwithEuropeandChina’srelationshipwithEnglishspeakingcountries.Fourthly,studentsinChinaandUKbothspend6yearsfinishingprimaryeducation.Fifthly,therearesomeimportantexamsforstudentsincompulsoryeducationsystemsinChinaandUK.InUK,therearetwomainexaminations.TheGeneralCertificateofSecondaryEducation(GCSE)isusuallytakenby16-year-oldchildren.TheGeneralCertificateofEducationatAdvancedLevel(GCEAlevel),isnormallytakenattheendofthesecondyearby19-year-oldstudents.InChina,exceptforanexamforthesixthgradegraduatesinprimaryschool,thereisahighschoolentranceexaminationforJunior3students.

TherearelotsofdifferencesbetweenChinaandUKincompulsoryeducation.Itcanbedividedintofiveparts.

Firstly,theaimofeducationintheUKandChinaisnotquitesimilarwitheachother.AccordingtoSuiMingcai,Britisheducationaimsto“developindividualabilitiestothefullandtoshapethoseabilitiesforthebenefitofsocietyasawhole”.AndinChina,“it’stoleteveryoneaccepteducation,haveknowledgeandskillstomakelife.”

Secondly,theyearofcompulsoryeducationisdifferentbetweenthetwocountries.InUK,theagetobeginschoolis5(4inNorthernIreland),andthecompulsoryeducationendsat16,whereasinChinathecompulsoryeducationstartsfrom6andendsat14,whichisanine-yearcompulsoryeducation.

Thirdly,thescheduleofcompulsoryeducationinthetwocountriesisdifferent.AccordingtoWikipediaandSuiMingcai,Britishcompulsoryeducationcanbedividedintotwostages:primaryschoolsandsecondaryschools.Thestateschoolingwasfreeandcompulsoryuptothelegalschool-leavingage.WhileinChina,compulsoryeducationconsistsofprimaryschoolsandmiddleschools.

TheschoolyearinUKisdividedintothreeterms(autumn,springandsummer),whiletwoparts(spring,autumn)inChina.Britishschooldayinmoststatesandindependentschools(exceptforinfantandjuniorschool)usuallystartsat8:45a.m.andendsat3:30p.m.InChina,everyschooldayismadeupoftwoperiodswhichare7:30a.m.to12:00a.m.,2:30p.m.to5:30p.m.Studentscangohomeforlunch.ItshowsthatChinesestudentsusuallyspendmoretimeatschool.

Inaddition,inBritain,aschool-agechildcanreceivecompulsoryeducationathomeoratatutor’splaceorsomeotherforms,whileinChina,compulsoryeducationmeansschooleducation.

1.Thispassageismainlyconcernedwith（）.

2.InwhatwaydoesUKeducateitspeople?

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

问题1选项

A.acomparisonstudyonfreeeducationsystembetweenChinaandUK

B.acomparisonstudyoncompulsoryeducationsystembetweenChinaandUK

C.acomparisonstudyonfinancialsystembetweenChinaandUK

D.acomparisonstudyonculturebetweenChinaandUK

问题2选项

A.UKintendstoeducateitspeopletheabilitiestoservethecountrywholly.

B.UKintendstoeducateitspeopletheindividualabilitiesfully.

C.UKintendstoeducateitspeopletheabilitiesonlyforthebenefitofthesociety.

D.UKintendstoeducateitspeopletheindividualabilitiesaswellastheabilitiesforthebenefitofthesociety.

问题3选项

A.ChildreninNorthernIrelandstartthecompulsoryeducationatanearlierage.

B.StudentsinUKspend16yearsforthecompulsoryeducation.

C.ThelengthoftheyearsforthecompulsoryeducationinChinais14years.

D.ThelengthoftheyearsforthecompulsoryeducationbothinUKandChinaisthesame.

问题4选项

A.TermsoftheschoolyearinUKdonotincludewinter.

B.StudentsinChinaandUKbothspend6yearsfinishingprimaryeducation.

C.StudentsinUKtaketwomainexaminationsnormallywhentheyare15and19yearsoldinthecompulsoryeducation.

D.StudentsinChinaspendmoretimeinschoolscomparedwithstudentsinUK.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

【解析】1.【试题解析】主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了中国和英国教育的异同之处。因此B选项“关于中国和英国的义务教育体系的对比研究”符合题意。

2.【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干可以定位到文章第三段中“AccordingtoSuiMingcai,Britisheducationaimsto‘developindividualabilitiestothefullandtoshapethoseabilitiesforthebenefitofsocietyasawhole’”，中文翻译为：按照SuiMingcai的说法，整体来看，英国教育的目标是充分发展个人能力和塑造这些能力以造福社会。可以得知D选项“英国旨在培养人民的个人能力以及造福社会的能力”符合题意。

3.【试题解析】推理判断题。由选项中关键词定位到文章“InUK,theagetobeginschoolis5(4inNorthernIreland),andthecompulsoryeducationendsat16,whereasinChinathecompulsoryeducationstartsfrom6andendsat14,whichisanine-yearcompulsoryeducation.”，中文翻译为：在英国，5岁开始上学（在北爱尔兰是4岁），16岁义务教育结束；而在中国义务教育开始于6结束于14岁，实行的是九年制义务教育。可以得知A选项“北爱尔兰的孩子在更早的年龄开始义务教育”符合题意。

4.【试题解析】推理判断题。由A选项可以定位到文章中“TheschoolyearinUKisdividedintothreeterms(autumn,springandsummer),whiletwoparts(spring,autumn)inChina.”，中文翻译为：英国的学年分为三期（秋、春、夏）；而中国是两个学期（春和秋），可知A选项“英国的学年不包括冬天”正确；由B选项可以定位到文章中“Fourthly,studentsinChinaandUKbothspend6yearsfinishingprimaryeducation.”，中文翻译为：第四，中国和英国的学生都要6年完成初等教育。可知B选项“中国和英国的学生都花6年时间完成基础教育”正确；由C选项可以定位到文章中“InUK,therearetwomainexaminations.TheGeneralCertificateofSecondaryEducation(GCSE)isusuallytakenby16-year-oldchildren.TheGeneralCertificateofEducationatAdvancedLevel(GCEAlevel),isnormallytakenattheendofthesecondyearby19-year-oldstudents.”，中文翻译为：英国有两次重要的考试。普通中等教育证（GCSE）考试通常是16岁的孩子参加。普通高级教育证书（GCEA）考试通常是在第二年年底由19岁的学生参加。可知C选项“英国的学生在义务教育阶段，一般是在15岁和19岁的时候参加两次主要的考试”错误；根据原文“Inaddition,inBritain,aschool-agechildcanreceivecompulsoryeducationathomeoratatutor’splaceorsomeotherforms,whileinChina,compulsoryeducationmeansschooleducation.”，中文翻译为：此外，在英国，学龄儿童可以在家里或导师那里或以其他形式接受义务教育，而在中国，义务教育意味着学校教育。可以得知D选项“与英国学生相比，中国学生在学校的时间更长”是正确的。故C选项符合题意。

11.单选题

The（）dancerwhowas70wasjusttooexhaustedtoproducegooddancemoves.

问题1选项

A.morass

B.hierarchical

C.effete

D.proselyte

【答案】C

【解析】考查词义辨析。A选项morass“沼泽；困境；乱糟糟的一堆”；B选项hierarchical“分层的；等级体系的”；C选项effete“衰老的；疲惫的；（土地）贫瘠的”；D选项proselyte“使改宗教信仰”。句意：年龄为70岁的这位衰老的跳舞者，实在是太疲惫而无法拿出好的舞蹈动作。结合句意判断出选项C正确。

12.单选题

Toomuch（）toX-rayscancauseskinburns,cancerorotherdamagetothebody.

问题1选项

A.exposure

B.disclosure

C.contact

D.connection

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。exposureto“暴露于”；disclosure“揭发”；contact“接触”；connection“联系”。句意：过多暴露在X射线下对皮肤有伤害，也可能导致癌症或者其他伤害。选项A符合题意。

13.单选题

Asskiesfillwithmillionsofmigratingbirds,Europeanscientistssaytheseasonalmiracleappearstodependonaseeming（）:Thefatterthebird,themoreefficientlyitflies.

问题1选项

A.interruption

B.description

C.qualification

D.contradiction

【答案】D

【解析】interruption中断，干扰之事；description描述，说明；qualification资格，条件；contradiction矛盾。句意：欧洲科学家称，随着数百万候鸟在天空中飞来飞去，这一季节性奇迹似乎取决于一个看似的事实:鸟儿越胖，飞行效率越高。根据后面的句意可知是矛盾的，所以选项D正确。

14.单选题

The______ofConfuciusbuiltthetempleinmemoryoftheirancestor.

问题1选项

A.descendants

B.predecessors

C.correspondents

D.opponents

【答案】A

【解析】【试题解析】考查名词辨析。A选项descendants“后代，晚辈”；B选项predecessors“前任；前一代”；C选项correspondents“通讯员”；D选项opponents“对手”。句意：孔子的______建造这座庙来纪念他们的祖先。根据语境，在这里孔子的后代纪念孔子比较合理，A选项descendants“后代，晚辈”符合题意。因此A选项正确。

15.单选题

RadiostationsareproliferatingovertheInternet,somoreandmoreAmericanscanlistentohometownstations—eveniftheyliveinNomeorInMiami.

问题1选项

A.roaming

B.transmitting

C.increasing

D.broadcasting

【答案】C

【解析】句意：无线电台在互联网上激增，因此越来越多的美国人可以收听家乡电台的节目——即使他们住在诺姆或迈阿密。proliferating意为“激增，大量生存产”。roaming漫步，闲逛；transmitting传送，传递；increasing增加，增大；broadcasting广播。选项C与之意思相近。

16.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingpassagefromEnglishintoChinese.

It’srainingagain.AsIlieawakeinbed,listeningtothesoundofthoserazor-sharpdropspoundingonthepavement,mymindgoesreelingdowndarkcorridorsteemingwithagonizingflashbacks,andachillfromwithinfillsmewithdread.It’sraining,again.

ItdoesthisyearinSouthernCalifornia;atleastthat’swhattheytoldmelastyearwhenImarveledattherelentlessdeterminationoftherain.Thereseemtobetwoseasonshere.Duringtherainyseason,sometimesthestormsdrenchtheareanonstopfordays.Sometimesthestormscomeandgo.Oftenpropertydamageanddisruptedlivesresult.It’shardtopredicttheintensityofthepatternsfromyeartoyear.Thenthereisthefireseason.Thattakescareofthepropertythatmanagedtosurvivethedeluge,againdisruptinglives.Thedaysconnectingtheseseasonsaremonotonous,withsomesun,somesmogandsomemoresun.ThisisnothinglikebackhomeinColorado.

【答案】又下雨了。我醒着躺在床上，听着那些犀利的的雨点掉落在人行道上的声音。我的思绪陷入了黑暗的走廊，充满了痛苦的回忆，内心的寒意让我充满恐惧。又在下雨了

加利福尼亚南部，今年也如此。当我对雨无情地下个不停感到惊奇时，至少，去年他们是这样告诉我的。这里似乎只有两个季节。在雨季，有时暴风雨连续几天不停地浸透这个地区。有时暴风雨来去不定。往往造成财产损失和生活混乱，每年都很难预测这种模式的强度。然后是火灾季节，从洪水中幸存下来的财物就落到它手里了，再一次扰乱人们的生活。连着这些季节的日子是单调的，仅有一些太阳，一些雾和一些更多的太阳。这和回科罗拉多的家完全不同。

17.单选题

Engineeringoffersmenandwomenan（

）opportunitytoexperiencethejoyofimprovingthequalityoflifeforhumankindthroughdevelopmentofengineeringsolutionstosocietalproblems.

问题1选项

A.absolute

B.unparalleled

C.elaborate

D.obsessive

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。absolute意为“绝对的，完全的”；unparalleled意为“无比的，空前的”；elaborate意为“复杂的，详尽的”；obsessive意为“着迷的”。

句意：工程学为男性和女性提供一个前所未有的机会，通过开发解决社会问题的工程解决方案来让他们体验改善人类生活质量的乐趣。

18.单选题

Veryfewpeoplecouldunderstandthelecturetheprofessordeliveredbecauseitssubjectwasvery____.

问题1选项

A.obscure

B.indefinite

C.dubious

D.intriguing

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.obscure费解的；难以理解的B.indefinite无限期的；期限不定的

C.dubious可疑的；不可信的D.intriguing非常有趣的；引人入胜的

【答案】A

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】句意：很少有人能听懂教授的讲座，因为它的主题非常……。根据句意，由很少有人能够听懂可知是因为教授的主题让人难以理解。因此选A。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项均不符合句意。

【句意】很少有人能听懂这位教授的讲座，因为它的主题非常难懂。

19.翻译题

PutthefollowingintoChinese.

Tobereallyhappyandreallysafe,oneoughttohaveatleasttwoorthreehobbies,andtheymustallbereal.Itisnousestartinglateinlifetosay:“Iwilltakeaninterestinthisorthat.”Suchanattemptonlyaggravatesthestrainofmentaleffort.Amanmayacquiregreatknowledgeoftopicsunconnectedwithhisdailywork,andyethardlygetanybenefitorrelief.Itisnousedoingwhatyoulike;youhavegottolikewhatyoudo.Broadlyspeaking,humanbeingsmaybedividedintothreeclasses:thosewhoaretoiledtodeath,thosewhoareworriedtodeath,andthosewhoareboredtodeath.Itisnouseofferingthemanuallaborer,tiredoutwithahardweek’ssweatandeffort,thechanceofplayingagameoffootballorbaseballonSaturdayafternoon.Itisnouseinvitingthepoliticianortheprofessionalorbusinessman,whohasbeenworkingorworryingaboutseriousthingsforsixdays,toworkorworryabouttriflingthingsattheweekend.

【答案】要想获得真正的快乐与安宁,一个人至少应该有两到三种业余爱好,而且必须是真正的爱好。到了晚年才说“我要培养这个或那个兴趣”是无用的,这种尝试只会増加精神上的负担。一个人可以在自己工作之外的领域获得渊博的知识,不过他可能几乎得不到什么收益或是放松。做你喜欢的事是没用的,你必须喜欢你所做的事。总的来说,人可以分为三种：劳累而死的人、忧虑而死的人、和烦恼而死的人。对于那些体力劳动者来说,经历了一周辛苦劳作已经使他们精疲力尽,周六下午让他们去踢足球或是打棒球是没有意义的。而对那些政治家、专业人士或者商人来说,他们已经为棘手的事情操劳或烦恼六天了,周末再让他们为琐事劳神同样毫无意义。

20.单选题

Hecausedafalseaccountoftheevent（）inthenewspaper.

问题1选项

A.hadpublished

B.tobepublished

C.beingpublished

D.tohavepublished

【答案】B

【解析】本题考查动词。causesb.todosth.首先排除选项A和C，事件是被刊登上报纸的，表被动，所以选项B正确。句意：他对报纸上刊登的事故进行了虚假报道。

21.单选题

Conversationbecomesweakerinasocietythatspendssomuchtimelisteningandbeingtalkedto（）ithasallbutlostthewillandtheskilltospeakforitself.

问题1选项

A.as

B.which

C.that

D.what

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。so…that…如此……以至于……。句意：在一个人们花很多时间倾听和与他人交谈的社会中，以至于已经失去了为自身说话的意愿和技巧，这时会话的力量就变弱了。选项C符合句意，所以正确。

22.单选题

Itwassucha(n)（

）whenPatandMikemeteachotherinTokyo.EachthoughtthattheotherwasstillinHongKong.

问题1选项

A.occurrence

B.coincidence

C.fancy

D.destiny

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。occurrence“发生，事件”；coincidence“巧合，一致”；fancy“幻想，想象力”；destiny“命运，天命”。句意：派特和迈克能在东京偶遇是多么巧合的一件事。俩人都以为对方在香港。选项B符合题意。

23.翻译题

70年代以来，美国华人社会发生了重大的变化。最显著的是许多来自大陆的中国人不断涌入美国，使美国华人的人数猛增。

【答案】Sincethe1970s,majorchangeshavetakenplaceinChineseAmericansociety.Mostnotably,theinfluxofmanyChinesefrommainlandChinaintotheUnitedStateshasledtoasurgeinthenumberofChineseAmericans.

24.翻译题

Contemporarypublicexpendituremanagement(PEM)isinterestedintheprocessofbudgetingprimarilybecauseproceduralrulesstronglyinfluenceexpenditureoutcomes.PEMtakesthepositionthattheserulesaffectthreeimportantoutcomes:thetotalamountspent,thecompositionofexpenditure,andtheefficiencyofgovernmentoperations.PEMseeksproceduresthatincreasetheprobabilityofachievingpreferredoutcomes.Thekeyaspectsofbudgetingaffectingexpenditureoutcomesareinstitutionalarrangements,thetypesofinformationavailableformakingandenforcingexpendituredecisions,theincentivesprovidedforspendersandcontrollerstobehaveinwaysthatpromotedesiredoutcomes,theissuanceandimplementationofsubstantivebudgerules.TheseelementsofPEMareappliedtothethreebasicobjectivesofmodempublicexpendituremanagement:tostrengthenaggregatefiscaldiscipline,toallocatepublicresourcesinaccordwithstrategicpriorities,andtopromotetheefficientprovisionofservices.

Fiscaldisciplinerequireseffectivecontrolofbudgetaggregates:totalrevenueandspendingandthebalancebetweenthesetotals.Whenaggregatecontroliseffective,theseoutcomesaredisciplined;theyresultfromexplicit,enforceddecisionsontheaggregatesbygovernment.Theyarenotmerelythesumofpowerfuldemandsonthebudget.PEMalsoseeksallocativeefficiency.Allocativeefficiencydependsonthecapacitytoshiftresourcesfromoldprogramstonewonesandfromlesstomoreproductiveuses,incorrespondencewithchangingpublicpolicyobjectives.Finally,PEMseeksefficiencyinadministrativeoperations,theprogressivereduction,throughproductivitygains,intherunningcostofgovernmentagenciesandintheunitcostofservices.

【答案】由于程序规则会对支出结果产生重大影响，当代公共支出管理(PEM)研究重点就是编制预算。公共支出管理(PEM)认为这些规则会影响三个重要结果：支出总金额，支出构成和政府运作效率。公共支出管理(PEM)寻求方法，以提升达到预期结果的概率。在编制预算中，影响支出结果的关键因素包括：制度安排、制定与实施支出决策的信息种类、保证支出者与管理者努力实现预期目标的激励手段、公布与实行大量的预算规则。这些规则旨在实现三个基本目标：加强总的财政纪律、依据战略重点分配公共资源、促进提供有效服务。

财政纪律要求有效控制预算总量，总收入与总支出以及这两者总数之间的平衡。当总量控制是有效的，就说明支出受到财政纪律的控制。政府给予明确且需执行的总量。这一总量并不仅仅是对预算有个明确的总量限制，公共支出管理(PEM)也还要寻求配置效率。配置效率的高低取决于资源从旧项目转移到新项目、从低产向高产转移的能力大小，同时还要与不断变化中的国家公共政策目标保持一致。最后，公共支出管理(PEM)要寻求行政管理的效率：通过提高生产率，逐步减小政府机构的运作成本、服务的单位成本。

25.单选题

Itishardtothinkofafieldinwhichitisnotimportantto（

）whatislikelytohappenandactaccordingly.

问题1选项

A.lookout

B.figureout

C.turnout

D.pointout

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。lookout“注意；当心”；figureout“解决；算出”；turnout“（以某种方式）发生；结果是”；pointout“指出；指明”。句意：很难想象在某一个领域知道接下来可能发生什么并且采取了相应的行动这种做法不重要。选项B符合题意。

26.单选题

Youhaveyourchoiceofthree______oficecream.

问题1选项

A.varieties

B.tops

C.respects

D.decks

【答案】A

【解析】【试题解析】考查名词辨析。A选项varieties“（同一事物的）不同种类；品种”；B选项tops“顶端；表面”；C选项respects“（事物的）方面，细节”；D选项decks“（船或公共汽车的）一层”。句意：你有三______冰淇淋供你选择。根据语境，这里指的是有三种不同的冰淇淋，A选项varieties“（同一事物的）不同种类”符合题意。因此A选项正确。

27.单选题

Nolongerarecontributionstocomputertechnologyconfinedtoanyonecountry;（

）isthismoretruethaninEurope.

问题1选项

A.hardly

B.little

C.seldom

D.nowhere

【答案】D

【解析】考查副词辨析。hardly“几乎不”；little“完全不”；seldom“很少”；nowhere“无处，任何地方”；句意：对电脑技术的贡献不再局限于某个国家，没有比在欧洲更能证明这一事实了。nowhere引导的是一个倒装句。Thisisnomore...than...没有…比…更…，此句表明欧洲最能证明这一事实。D项符合句意，答案D

28.单选题

Thereisgrowing（）amongecologiststhatbiodiversitycannotbeadequatelyconservedbyprotectedareasalone.

问题1选项

A.consensus

B.concession

C.conception

D.contention

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项consensus“共识，一致”，B选项concession“让步，妥协”，C选项conception“构想，怀孕”，D选项contention“争论，观点”。句意:生态学家们越来越一致认为，仅靠保护区是不能充分保护生物多样性的。因此，A选项符合句意。

29.单选题

Hedoesn’tneedto________himselfashismanagerialtrackrecordspeaksforitself.

问题1选项

A.identify

B.justify

C.judge

D.swear

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.identify确认，鉴定B.justify解释，辩护

C.judge判断，断定D.swear发誓，起誓

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】空格处和下文的“himself（他自己）”构成动宾逻辑，说明他不需要对自己做某事。as引导了一个原因状语从句，表示“他的管理业绩可以证明一切（speaksforitself）”，所导致的结果应该是不需要再解释、说明自己。justify指为某事物做出解释或辩护，因此B选项justify“解释，辩护”最符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A选项identify“确认，鉴定”指认出某