考研考博-英语-四川信息职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-四川信息职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Overthepastseveraldecades,theU.S.,Canada,andEuropehavereceivedagreatdealofmediaandevenresearchattentionoverunusualphenomenaandunsolvedmysteries.TheseincludeUFOsaswellassightingsandencounterswith“nonhumancreaturessuchasBigfootandtheLochNessmonster.OnlyrecentlyhasLatinAmericabeguntoreceivesomeattentionaswell.AlthoughthemysteriesoftheAztec,Mayan,andIncacivilizationshavebeenknownforcenturies,nowthepublicisalsobecomingawareofunusual,paranormalphenomenaincountriessuchasPeru.

TheNazca“lines”ofPeruwerediscoveredinthe1930s.Theselinesaredeeplycarvedintoaflat,stonyplain,andformabout300intricatepicturesofanimalssuchasbirds,amonkey,andalizard.Seenatgroundlevel,thedesignsareajumbledsenselessmess.Theimagesaresolargethattheycanonlybeviewedataheightof1,000feel—meaningfromanaircraft.Yettherewerenoaircraftin300B.C.,whenitisjudgedthedesignsweremade.Norweretherethen,oraretherenow,anynearbymountainrangesfromwhichtoviewthem.SohowandwhydidthenativepeopleofNazcacreatethesemarvelousdesigns?Oneanswerappearedin1969,whentheGermanresearcherandwriterErichvonDanikenproposedthatthelinesweredrawnbyextraterrestrialsasrunwaysfortheiraircraft.ThescientificcommunitydidnottakelongtoscoffatandabandonvonDaniken’stheory.Overtheyearsseveralothertheorieshavebeenputforth,butnonehasbeenacceptedbythescientificcommunity.

TodaythereisanewandheightenedinterestintheNazcalines.ItisdirectresultofthecreationoftheInternet.Currentlythereareover60sitesdedicatedtothismysteryfromLatinAmericapast,andevenrespectedscientistshavejoinedthediscussionthroughe-mailandchatrooms.

WilltheInternethelpexplaintheseunsolvedmysteries?Perhapsitisastepintherightdirection.

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?

2.Accordingtothepassage,theNazcalineswerefound____.

3.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatthehigherthelinesareseen,the____theimagestheypresent.

4.TherehasbeenincreasinginterestintheNazcalinesmainlybecauseof____.

5.Theauthoris____abouttheroleoftheInternetinsolvingmysteries.

问题1选项

A.LatinAmericahaslongreceivedattentionforunusualphenomena.

B.PublicattentionisnowdirectedtowardscountrieslikePeru.

C.PublicinterestusuallyfocusesonNorthAmericaandEurope.

D.Someancientcivilizationshaveunsolvedmysteries.

问题2选项

A.inmountains

B.Pinstones

C.onanimals

D.onaplain

问题3选项

A.smaller

B.larger

C.clearer

D.brighter

问题4选项

A.theparticipationofscientists

B.theemergenceoftheInternet

C.thebirthofnewtheories

D.theinterestintheInternet

问题5选项

A.cautious.

B.pessimistic

C.uncertain

D.optimistic

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.根据第一段的第三句“OnlyrecentlyhasLatinAmericabeguntoreceivesomeattentionaswell.”选项A与原文不符，所以本题选A。

2.根据关键词定位到第二段的一二句“TheNazca“lines”ofPeruwerediscoveredinthe1930s.Theselinesaredeeplycarvedintoaflat,stonyplain,...”选项D符合原文。

3.根据第二段的三四句“Seenatgroundlevel,...—meaningfromanaircraft.”从地面上看，感觉杂乱无章，毫无意义。图像太大所以只能在1000英尺的高度上观看——也就是在飞机上。由此可以推断，越高看得越清晰，选项C正确。

4.根据第三段的第一句“TodaythereisanewandheightenedinterestintheNazcalines.ItisdirectresultofthecreationoftheInternet.”现在人们对Nazca线条有了更多的兴趣，它是因互联网出现而导致的直接结果。所以选项B符合原文。

5.根据最后一段的内容可知,作者认为互联网能够帮助解开更多的未知之谜，这是一个正确的方向。所以，作者的态度是积极乐观的，选项D正确。cautious谨慎的；pessimistic悲观的；uncertain不确定的。

2.单选题

Theyartificially（）thevalueofthehousesotheycould“reduce”itandmakepeoplethinkitwasabargain.

问题1选项

A.enlarged

B.underestimated

C.raised

D.inflated

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。enlarge“扩大，增大”；underestimate“低估，看清”；raise“举起，提高”；inflate“膨胀，充气”。句意：他们人为地抬高房子的价格，再“低价”出售，让人们以为这是大减价。选项C符合题意。

3.单选题

Theloudestoutcry（呐喊）aboutpovertyseemedtocomeinthewealthiestcountry-byfar-intheworld.Accordingtomostcalculations,throughmostofthe1945-1970periodtheUnitedStateshadastandardoflivingwellaboveEurope'sandmanytimesabovetheworldaverage.Yetprotestsaboutgrindingpoverty,hunger,anddreadfulneedproceedmorefromtheUnitedStatesthanfromcountrieswithone-fortiethoftheirlivingstandard.（AnannualpercapitaincomeofeightdollarsistypicalofmuchofAfricaandAsiaandnotalittleofSouthAmerica.）Itwouldseemstrangetothesepeople（weretheyonlyawareofthefact）thatAmericanradicalsdemandaretreatfromanAmericancommitmenttothefarcomersoftheglobesothatthemoneythussavedcanbespentraisingthestandardoflivingofunderprivilegedAmericans.

Whatthislastpointsuggestsisnotsomuchthathumanwantsarenevertobesatisfiedthoughthisisdoubtlesstrue,andtheAmericanlivinginsuburbdeprivedofhissecondcarandhiscolorTVsuffersjustasacutelyasanAfricanfarmerinneedofasecondcowandascreendoor.Rather,itsuggeststheextentofcontemporarybreach（违反）ofsocialnorms（标准）一theemancipation（解放）oftheindividualself.Peoplehavelearnedthattheirwantsaresacredandrightsoughttobesatisfied.Theyhavelearnedtoconsideranyobstacletopersonalfulfillmentandintolerableinsult.Theyhavegreatlyexpandedthecircleofselfawareness.Theynolongeracceptsharplimitationsonindividualdesiresinthenameofthegroup.Theamountofpotentialhumandiscontenthasalwaysbeeninfinite—misery,failure,misfitting,bitterness,hatred,envybeyondtelling.Ithasusuallyfailedofutterance,andinthepastitwasacceptedpassivelyasbeingbeyondhelp.

1.Accordingtothepassage,mostcomplaintsoverapoorlivingstandardweremadebythosewhocamefrom（）

2.TheaverageincomeforeachAmericanayearduringthe1960swasmostlikelyintheneighborhoodof（）.

3.InordertoimprovethestandardoflivingofpoorAmericans,theextremistsintheStatesdemand（）.

4.Therealcauseforthemostfortunatepeopletoprotestaboutpovertyliesin（）.

5.Fromthelastsentence,itcanbesafelyinferredthatoutcryaboutpovertyineffectinvolvespeoples'（）.

问题1选项

A.theUnitedStates

B.Asiancountries

C.theEuropeanCommunity

D.CommonwealthofNations

问题2选项

A.1,120dollars

B.40dollars

C.320dollars

D.80dollars

问题3选项

A.afulltaxreliefoncitizenslivingoverseas

B.astoptoarmsraceagainstnationsfaraway

C.acutinfinancialassistancetopoorcountries

D.afavorablebalanceoftradewithforeigncountries

问题4选项

A.addedconsciousnessofself

B.theireconomicstatus

C.limitationsofhumannature

D.conflictinclassinterests

问题5选项

A.abilitytosufferahardlife

B.understandingoftheirrights

C.politicalattitudetowardthegovernment

D.wholeoutlookondifferentlifestyles

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:1.根据第一段的第三句"...grindingpoverty,hunger,anddreadfulneedproceedmorefromtheUnitedStates..."对极度贫困、饥饿和可怕需求的抗议更多地来自美国。选项A正确。

2.根据第一段第三句,对极度贫困、饥饿和可怕需求的抗议更多地来自美国,而不是那些生活水平只有美国四十分之一的国家。(非洲和亚洲大部分地区的年人均收入通常为8美元,南美也不例外。)所以美国年人均收入为320美元。

3.根据第一段最后一句"...AmericanradicalsdemandaretreatfromanAmericancommitmenttothefarcomersoftheglobe..."美国激进分子要求美国放弃对世界上那些遥远国家的承诺,这样节省下来的钱就可以用来提高美国贫困人口的生活水平。也就是说减少对贫穷国家的财政援助。选项C符合原文。

4.根据第二段的三四五句"Peoplehavelearnedthat...selfawareness."人们已经认识到他们的需要是神圣的,权利应该得到满足。他们学会了考虑个人成就和无法忍受的侮辱带来的任何障碍。他们极大地扩展了自我意识的圈子。选项A符合原文。

5.根据句意：它通常无法表达,在过去,人们被动地接受它,认为它毫无用处。由此可推断,"它"指的是人们吃苦耐劳的能力,所以选项A正确。

第2题:

第3题:

第4题:

第5题:

4.单选题

Theypersecutethosewhodonot（）totheirideas.

问题1选项

A.surrender

B.confirm

C.submit

D.conform

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。surrender“投降，屈服”，一般指战败而屈服；confirm“确认，证实”，一般指通过提供证据证明或表明某事物（绝对）正确；submit“服从，提交”，一般指放弃抵抗，愿意服从对方；conform“符合，遵守”，侧重于以同一群体或社会中大多数人的相同方式行动和思考。句意：他们迫害那些不信奉他们思想的人。这里的关键词是“idea”，所以选项D最恰当。

5.单选题

Withmostonlinerecruitmentservices,jobseekersmustchoosetheirwordscarefully;thesearchenginewillnevermakethecorrectmatch.

问题1选项

A.therefore

B.whereas

C.provided

D.otherwise

【答案】

【解析】逻辑关系。句意:对于大多数在线委托招聘服务，找工作的人必须小心选择他们的话语，否则搜索引擎不可能找到正确的匹配。

therefore因此；所以whereas然而；鉴于；反之provided假如；倘若otherwise否则。

6.单选题

BecausepartsofthecontinentofSouthAfricaarestillcoveredwiththickforests,（）tosomepartsofitisstilldifficult.

问题1选项

A.orientation

B.voyage

C.procession

D.access

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项orientation“方向，定向”；B选项voyage“航行”；C选项procession“队伍，行列”；D选项access“通道，入口”。根据句意：由于南非大陆的一些地区仍然覆盖着茂密的森林，进入其中一些地区仍然很困难。表示通往某地的入口用access，所以选项D正确。

7.单选题

Weknowshewasalwaysas（）asherword,sowetrustedher.

问题1选项

A.good

B.honest

C.faithful

D.true

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定短语搭配。A选项good“（adj.）好的；优良的；愉快的；虔诚的；（n.）好处；善行；慷慨的行为；（adv.）好”；B选项honest“诚实的，实在的；可靠的；坦率的”；C选项faithful“忠实的，忠诚的；如实的；准确可靠的”；D选项true“（adj.）真实的；正确的；（adv.）真实地；准确地；（n.）真实；准确”。根据固定搭配beasgoodasone’sword“说话算数，守信”可知本题选good。句意：我们知道她一向信守诺言，所以我们信任她。因此A选项正确。

8.单选题

Maryfinallydecided（）allthejunkshehadkeptinthegarage.

问题1选项

A.getrid

B.gottenridof

C.gettingridof

D.togetridof

【答案】D

【解析】固定介词搭配。decidetodosth.决定做某事。所以，选项D正确。

9.单选题

Undertheterm“services”（）togethermiscellaneousactivitieswithlittleincommonexceptotherthanagriculture,extractiveindustries,utilitiesandmanufacturing.

问题1选项

A.lump

B.tolump

C.islumped

D.arelumped

【答案】D

【解析】语法题。介词短语位于句首，句子用部分倒装，所以选项A和B可排除。根据句子的主语“miscellaneousactivities”为复数，所以为了保持主谓一致，be动词选用复数形式are，选项D符合题意。

10.单选题

Manyofthelocalresidentslefthomesto（

）thedangerofflooding.

问题1选项

A.encounter

B.enclose

C.shakeoff

D.wardoff

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项encounter“遭遇，遇到”；B选项enclose“围住，随函(或包裹等)附上”；C选项shakeoff“甩掉，摆脱”；D选项wardoff“避开，躲开，防止（危险、疾病等）”。由目的状语“to_____thedangerofflooding（为了_____洪水的危险）”可知D选项符合逻辑搭配。句意：许多当地居民离开家，以避开洪水的危险。

11.单选题

Thisexperiencedauthorwasableto（）thefactthathewasnotqualifiedforadmissiontocollege.

问题1选项

A.suppress

B.compress

C.express

D.depress

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项suppress“抑制、镇压”；B选项compress“压缩、精简”；C选项express“表达”；D选项depress“使沮丧、降低”，句意为：这位经验丰富的作家能够表达他没有资格进入大学这一事实。express“表达”符合句意，因此选项C正确。

12.单选题

Thenewsecretaryhaswrittenaremarkably（

）reportwithinafewhundredwordsbutwithalltheimportantdetailsincluded.

问题1选项

A.concise

B.brisk

C.precise

D.elaborate

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项concise“简明的；简洁的”；B选项brisk“敏锐的；活泼的；轻快的”；C选项precise“精确的；明确的；严格的”；D选项elaborate“精心制作的；详尽的；煞费苦心的”。句意：新秘书写了一份出色的……报告，只有几百字，但包括了所有重要的细节。“只有几百字”说明这篇报告是“简洁的”，A选项正确。

13.单选题

Justfiveone-hundredthsofaninchthick,lightgoldenincolorandwithaperfect“saddlecurl,”theLay’spotatochipseemsanunlikelyweaponforglobaldomination.Butitsmaker,Frito-Lay,thinksotherwise.“Potatochipsareasnackfoodfortheworld,”saidSalmanAmin,thecompany’sheadofglobalmarketing.AminbelievesthereisnocorneroftheworldthatcanresistthecharmsofaFrito-Laypotatochip.

Frito-LayisthebiggestsnackmakerinAmericaownedbyPepsiCo,andaccountsforoverhalfoftheparentcompany’s$3billionannualprofits.ButtheU.S.snackfoodmarketislargelysaturated,andtogrow,thecompanyhastolookoverseas.

Itsstrategyrestsontwobeliefs:first,aglobalproductofferseconomiesofscalewithwhichlocalbrandscannotcompete,andsecond,consumersinthe21stcenturyaredrawnto“global”asaconcept“Global”doesnotmeanproductsthatareconsciouslyidentifiedasAmerican,butonesthatconsumers-especiallyyoungpeopleseeaspartofamodem,innovative（创新的）worldinwhichpeoplearelinkedacrossculturesbysharedbeliefsandtastes.PotatochipsareanAmericaninvention,butmostChinese,forinstance,donotknowthatFrito-LayisanAmericancompany.Instead,Riskey,thecompany’sresearchanddevelopmenthead,wouldhopetheyassociatethebrandwiththenewworldofglobalcommunicationsandbusiness.

Withbrandperceptionacrucialfactor,RiskeyorderedaredesignoftheFrito-Laylogo（标识）.Thelogo,alongwiththecompany’slong-heldmarketingimageofthe“irresistibility”ofitschipswouldhelpfacilitatethecompany’sglobalexpansion.

TheexecutivesacknowledgethattheytrytoswingnationaleatinghabitstoafoodcreatedinAmerica,buttheydenythatamountstoeconomicimperialism.Later,theyseeFrito-Layasspreadingthebenefitsoffreeenterpriseacrosstheworld.“We’remakingproductsinthosecountries,we’readaptingthemtothetastesofthosecountries,buildingbusinessesandemployingpeopleandchanginglives.”saidSteveReinemund,PepsiCo’schiefexecutive.

1.ItisthebeliefofFrito-Lay’sheadofglobalmarketingthat（

）.

2.WhatdowelearnaboutFrito-LayfromParagraph2?

3.OneoftheassumptionsonwhichLaybasesitsdevelopmentstrategyisthat

（

）.

4.WhydidRiskeyhavetheFrito-Laylogoredesigned?

5.Frito-Lay'sexecutivesclaimthatthepromotingofAmericanfoodintheinternationalmarket（

）.

问题1选项

A.Potatochipscanhardlybeusedasaweapontodominatetheworldmarket

B.Theircompanymustfindnewwaystopromotedomesticsales

C.Thelightgoldencolorenhancesthecharmoftheircompany'spotatochips

D.Peopleallovertheworldenjoyeatingtheircompany'spotatochips

问题2选项

A.Itsproductsusedtobepopularamongoverseasconsumers.

B.Itsexpansionhascausedfiercecompetitioninthesnackmarker.

C.Itgiveshalfofitsannualprofitstoitsparentcompany.

D.Itneedstoturntotheworldmarketfordevelopment.

问题3选项

A.consumersworldwidetodayareattractedbyglobalbrands

B.localbrandscannotcompetesuccessfullywithAmericanbrands

C.productssuitingChineseconsumers’needsbringmoreprofits

D.productsidentifiedasAmericanwillhavepromisingmarketvalue

问题4选项

A.Tosuitchangingtastesofyoungconsumers.

B.Topromotethecompany'sstrategyofglobalization.

C.Tochangethecompany'slongheldmarketingimage.

D.TocompetewithotherAmericanchipproducers.

问题5选项

A.won’taffecttheeatinghabitsofthelocalpeople

B.willleadtoeconomicimperialism

C.willbeintheinterestofthelocalpeople

D.won’tspoilthetasteoftheirchips

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。题目问的是“菲多利全球市场主管相信……”。文章第一段提到“薯片是全世界人民的零食”（Potatochipsareasnackfoodfortheworld），“全世界没有任何人能抵挡住薯条的魅力”（thereisnocorneroftheworldthatcanresistthecharmsofaFrito-Laypotatochip），由此可知选项D“全世界人都爱吃他们公司生产的薯条”符合题意。

2.细节事实题。题目问的是“根据第二段，我们可以了解到菲多利……”。文章第二段提到“菲多利是美国最大的零食生产者……但美国的零食市场差不多已经饱和，所以它不得不转向海外市场”（thecompanyhastolookoverseas），由此可知菲多利需要打开全球市场来寻求发展，选项D符合题意。

3.细节事实题。题目问的是“菲多利发展策略依据的假设是……”。文章第三段提到了菲多利的两个信念，一是全球性产品具有地方产品不能与之抗衡的规模经济；一是二十一世纪的消费者为“全球性”所吸引，选项A“全球的消费者为全球品牌所吸引”符合题意。

4.细节事实题。题目问的是“Riskey重新设计将菲多利标识的原因是……”。文章第四段提到“（新设计的标识）能够帮助加速公司的全球扩张”（helpfacilitatethecompany’sglobalexpansion），因此选项B符合题意。

5.细节事实题。题目问的是“菲多利的主管们称美国食品在国际市场的推广……”。文章最后一段提到将在那些国家生产产品，让产品迎合当地人的口味，雇佣那里的工人，改变他们的生活（We’remakingproductsinthosecountries,we’readaptingthemtothetastesofthosecountries,buildingbusinessesandemployingpeopleandchanginglives），选项C“有利于当地人”符合题意。

14.单选题

WhenaScottishresearchteamstartledtheworldbyrevealingthreemonthsagothatithadclonedanadultsheep,PresidentClintonmovedswiftly.Declaringthathewasopposedtousingthisunusualanimalhusbandrytechniquetoclonehumans,heorderedthatfederalfundsnotbeusedforsuchanexperimentalthoughnoonehadproposedtodoso—andaskedanindependentpanelofexpertschairedbyPrincetonPresidentHaroldShapirotoreportbacktotheWhiteHousein90dayswithrecommendationsforanationalpolicyonhumancloning.Thatgroup-thenationalBioethicsAdvisoryCommission-hasbeenworkingfeverishlytoputitswisdomonpaper,andatameetingon17May,membersagreedonanear-finaldraftoftherecommendations.

NBACwillaskthatClinton's90-daybanonfederalfundsforhumancloningbeextendedindefinitely,andpossiblythatitbemadelaw.ButNBACmembersareplanningtowordtherecommendationnarrowlytoavoidnewrestrictionsonresearchthatinvolvesthecloningofhumanDNAorcells--routineinmolecularbiology.Thepanelhasnotyetreachedagreementonacrucialquestion,however,whethertorecommendlegislationthatwouldmakeitacrimeforprivatefundingtobeusedforhumancloning.

Inadraftprefacetotherecommendations,discussedatthe17Maymeeting,Shapirosuggestedthatthepanelhadfoundabroadconsensusthatitwouldbe"morallyunacceptabletoattempttocreateahumanchildbyadultnuclearcloning."ShapiroexplainedduringthemeetingthatthemoraldoubtstemsmainlyfromfearsabouttherisktothehealthofthechilD.Thepaneltheninformallyacceptedseveralgeneralconclusions,althoughsomedetailshavenotbeensettled.

NBACmembersalsoindicatedthattheywillappealtoprivatelyfundedresearchersandclinicsnottotrytoclonehumansbybodycellnucleartransfer.Buttheyweredividedonwhethertogofurtherbycallingforafederallawthatwouldimposeacompletebanonhumancloning.Shapiroandmostmembersfavoredanappealforsuchlegislation.Butinaphoneinterview,hesaidthisissuewasstill"upintheair."

1.Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthat（）.

2.Themeaningoftheword"consensus"inParagraph3isclosestto（）.

3.Thepanelagreedonallofthefollowingexceptthat（）.

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementscanbeinferredfromParagraph2?

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat（）.

问题1选项

A.theWhiteHouserespondedstronglytothenewsofcloning

B.federalfundshavebeenusedinaprojecttoclonehumans

C.NBACwasempoweredtocontrolthemisuseofcloningtechnique

D.theWhiteHousehasgotthepanel'srecommendationsoncloning

问题2选项

A.requirement

B.content

C.agreement

D.distinction

问题3选项

A.thebanonfederalfundsforhumancloningshouldbemadealaw

B.theprivatelyfundedresearchersandclinicsshouldbeforbiddentoclonehumans

C.itwouldbeagainstethicalvaluestocloneahumanbeing

D.itwouldbeagainstthelawtouseprivatefundingforhumancloning

问题4选项

A.TherecommendationshouldbeexpressednarrowlytoavoidthecloningofhumanDNA

B.TherecommendationshouldbeconfinedtothecloningofhumanDNA

C.ThecloningofhumanDNAshouldnotbeputundermorecontrol.

D.ThecloningofhumanDNAshouldberestrictednarrowly.

问题5选项

A.theissueofhumancloningwillsoonbesettled

B.someNBACmembershesitatetobanhumancloningcompletely

C.privatelyfoundedresearcherswillrespondpositivelytoNBAC'sappeal

D.alawbanninghumancloningistobepassedimmediately

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】1.根据第一段的内容可知，反对克隆的是克林顿总统，而白宫对此的态度作者没有提及，所以选项A错误；克林顿总统下令联邦基金不能用于克隆实验，所以选项B也错误；NBAC只是被授权写出有关克隆人的国家政策的建议，而不是被授权控制克隆技术的滥用，选项C表述有误；根据第一段的最后一句可知，该草案的最终建议已经达成了一致，所以选项D正确。

2.根据原文的“abroadconsensus”以及句意可知，原文指达成广泛的共识。所以选项C更符合原文。

3.根据第二段的最后一句“Thepanelhasnot...tobeusedforhumancloning.”然而，有一个关键问题专家组尚未达成一致意见，即将私人资金用于克隆人属于犯罪这一条例是否应该立法。所以选项D是错误的。

4.根据第二段的第二句“ButNBACmembers...routineinmolecularbiology.”但是，NBAC的成员会注意控制其内容的措辞,以免出现新的条令禁止克隆人类DNA和细胞的试验——这类试验在分子生物学中是常见的。也就是说，克隆人类DNA不应该受到更多的控制。选项C符合原文。

5.根据最后一段的第二句“Buttheyweredividedonwhethertogofurtherbycallingforafederallawthatwouldimposeacompletebanonhumancloning.”但是，他们在是否进一步要求联邦法律全面禁止克隆人的问题上存在分歧。选项B符合原文。

15.翻译题

清洁的空气对于健康是至关重要的。如果空气中含有杂质，这些杂质就有可能被我们的身体吸收，使人生病。我们需要清洁的空气，但不幸的是，目前普遍存在着空气污染，尤其是在城市里。城市里有许多食品厂、服装厂和制造其他东西的工厂。每天这些工厂把千百万吨的烟灰排放到空气中。工厂产生的东西过一个时期就会损坏，然后就作为垃圾扔掉。我们烧掉许多垃圾，烟灰就增多了。还有工厂生产的汽车，一旦出厂在街上行驶，将会吸进空气，排出有毒气体，并增加空气中的烟尘。

世界上没有任何一个地方可以彻底摆脱空气污染，我们必须采取措施来控制空气污染。现在越来越多的人正在认识到清洁空气的重要性。学校开设了关于污染问题的课程。企业开始帮着净化空气，他们安装了特别的设备来清除自己排放的烟雾。科学家和发明家正在努力开发更清洁的汽车和火车引擎。

或许，人们在城市里能呼吸新鲜空气的日子终将到来。

【答案】【参考译文】Cleanairisvitaltogoodhealth.Iftheaircontainsimpurities,theymaybeabsorbedbyourbodiesmakeusill.Weneedcleanair,butunfortunately,airpollutionisgenerallypresent,especiallyincities.Therearemanyfoodfactories,garmentfactoriesandfactoriesformakingotherproductsincities.Everydaythesefactoriesdischargemilliontonsofsmokeandsootintotheair.Thingsmadeinfactorieswearoutafterawhileandarethrownawayastrash.Weburnalotoftrash,whichproducesmoresmokeandsoot.Moreover,oncetheautomobilesproducedbyfactoriesareoutonthestreet,theywilltakeinairandreplaceitwithpoisonousgases,whichagainproducemoresmokeandsoot.

Noareaintheworldcancompletelyfreeofairpollution.Wemusttakemeasurestocontrolit.Nowmoreandmorepeoplearerealizingtheimportanceofcleanair.Schoolshavetaughtaboutthepollutionproblem.Industriesarebeguntohelpcleanup,byinstallingequipmenttocleanuptheirsmoke.Scientistsandinventorsaremakingeffortstodevelopcleanerautomobilesandtheengineoftrain.

Perhapsthedaywhenpeopleareabletobreathefreshairincitieswillcomeatlast.

16.单选题

Idon’treallyknowjohnallthatwells;he’sjusta（

）acquaintance.

问题1选项

A.random

B.formal

C.haphazard

D.casual

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。random意为“任意的”；formal意为“正规的”；haphazard意为“偶然的，随意的”，一般指的是物；casual意为“偶然的”，acasualacquaintance意为“点头之交，偶然相识”。

句意：我并不怎么了解约翰；我们只不过是泛泛之交。

17.单选题

AlthoughtheArabcutbacksrepresentedalossoflessthan7percentinworldsupply,theycreatedpaniconthepartofoilcompanies,consumers,oiltraders,andsomegovernments.

问题1选项

A.fright

B.deficit

C.strain

D.misfortune

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。panic表示“恐慌，惊慌”；A项fright“惊吓，惊骇”，B项deficit“赤字，不足额”，C项strain“张力，拉紧，负担”，D项misfortune“不幸，灾祸，灾难”。句意：尽管阿拉伯的减产代表着全球供应减少了不到7%，但却引起了石油公司、消费者、石油交易商和一些政府的恐慌。因此，根据句意可知A选项正确。

18.翻译题

新的一年才刚刚开始，你就发现很难坚持“告别垃圾食品、远离沙发、戒烟”这些新年决心了吧？我们很难改掉坏习惯是由于生物学的原因——这些坏习惯根植于我们的大脑中。

1.这并不是让人放弃新年决心的借口。了解不健康的习惯怎样变得根深蒂固可以启发科学家研究出一些让好习惯代替坏习惯的“技巧”。

诺拉•沃尔科夫博士说：“为什么坏习惯更加顽固？因为它能带来即时的犒赏，而这种即时犒赏的力量很强大。”

那么这一点快乐的感觉是怎样转化为一种习惯的呢？这与一种感知快乐的化学物质多巴胺有关。多巴胺使大脑不断期望得到这种犒赏，从而不断加强快乐感与这种行为之间的联系，特别是当它能从周围环境中得到正确的暗示时。

2.

一项“为行为变化买单”的运动可能会对这种联系加以利用，在这项运动中，一些公司给雇员提供“即时报酬”或是“保险回扣”，以激励他们形成更好的习惯。不管这项运动结果如何，研究人员说我们的确可以采取某些行为来对抗坏习惯对大脑的吸引力。

3.那就是，重复，重复，再重复你的新行为，使之成为每天固定时间的例行活动。下决心锻炼？那就每天早上固定时间锻炼，而不要随意找时间，这样会使大脑最终接受这个新习惯。神经学家沃尔科夫也是一个热爱跑步的人，他说：“如果你哪天没锻炼，便会感觉很糟糕。”

运动本身能提升多巴胺的水平，这样尽管运动结束后你的肌肉感觉酸痛，但是你的大脑还是会感觉良好。

【答案】1.That’snotanexcusetogiveup.Understandinghowunhealthybehaviorsbecomeingrainedcanenlightenscientistsonlearningsometricksthatmayhelpusreplacethebadhabitswiththegoodones.

2.Amovementtopaypeopleforbehaviorchangesmayexploitthatconnection,assomecompaniesofferemployeesoutrightpaymentsorinsurancerebatesforadoptingbetterhabits.

3.Repeat,repeat,repeatthenewbehavior—thesameroutineatthesametimeofday.Resolvedtoexercise?Doingitatthesametimeofthemorning,ratherthanfittingitinhaphazardly,willmakethecerebrumrecognizethehabitsoeventually.

19.翻译题

1999年，中国开始进入老龄化社会。2004年年底,60岁以上的人口达到1.43亿，占全国人口总数的10.97%。至此，中国成为世界上拥有最多老龄人口的国家。有专家说1990年到2033年是中国的“人口红利”(populationbonus)期,出生率下降，老龄人口还不算太多，这一时期是有助于经济发展的。

2010年到2013年中国劳动力人口将达到9亿人，在这之后“红利”会变成“赤字”，也就是说，这以后需要照顾的老龄人口会迅速增加。据说2030年后的二十年是中国老龄化最严峻的时期。因此，要做好充分准备，好好利用人口红利期来解决严重的老龄化问题。

有报告称，中国是典型的成为富裕国家前就面临老龄化社会的国家。这是长期的问题，也需要很长时间才能解决。中国一直坚持计划生育政策，人口增长的趋势得到了有效的控制。据估计，中国到2030年的总人口将达到14.65亿，届时会面临老龄化和人口出生率下降两大压力，这也一定会给国家的经济和社会发展带来巨大的压力。

这份报告还指出，中国在解决老龄化问题的意识、条件及法规上都严重滞后，因此，必须把这个问题的解决纳人到未来国家发展策略中。我们要及早关注老龄化人口的医疗资源，完善社会保障体系。在老龄人口达到顶峰前，建立一个健全的国家性社会保障机制。

【答案】Since1999,Chinahasenteredintoasituationoftheagingsociety.Therewillbe143millionChineseaged60orover,accountingfor10.97percentofthepopulationtotheendof2004.Atthispoint,ChinabecamethecountrywhohavethelargestnumberofAgingpopulation.SomeexpertssaythatitisChina’spopulationbonusbetween1990and2033whenbirthrateisdecreasedandthenumberofoldpeopleisnottoomuch,whichhelpstodeveloptheeconomies.

Thetotalworkingagepopulationwillreach900millionfrom2010to2013.Afterthat,the“populationbonus”willturn“demographicdeficit”,whichmeansthatcaringfortheincreasingnumberofelderlypeoplewillgrowsrapidly.ItissaidthattheworstofthecrisisforChina’sagingpopulationhitthetwentyyearsafter2030.Therefore,weshouldbewellpreparedsoastodealwiththeseriousproblemofagednessbymakingfulluseofpopulationdividend.

Chinaisthetypicalcountryfacingtheagingpopulationbeforebeingrichoneaccordingtoareport.It’sgoingtobeaperennialproblemandcouldtakealongtimetoresolve.Chinahasstucktoitsfamily-planningpolicytoefficientlycontrolthetendencyofincreasingpopulation.ItisestimatedthatChina’stotalpopulationwillreach1.465billionin2030whenthegovernmentwouldfaceanagingpopulationandadecreasedbirthrate,whichwillalsoblockthedevelopmentofeconomyandsociety.

Thereportalsopointsoutthatforchinathereareseriouslagsintheconsciousness,therealityofconditionsandtherelevantregulationsaboutagingpopulation,andthusweshouldputitintotheoverallnationaldevelopmentstrategiclayout.Weshouldpaymoreattentiontothemedicalresourcesontheagingpopulationsasearlyaspossible,improvethesocialsafetynet,andsetuptheall-sidedguaranteeingsystembeforetheagingpopulationreachesthepeak.

20.翻译题

现在的这十年中，有个一直使人感到进退维谷的问题就是：现代教育究竟应是通才教育还是专才教育。一些大学要求所有学生都学习跨越广泛领域的共核课程，采取的是通才教育的方法。但有鉴于当今信息爆炸和学生的多文化性，继续调整他们的课程，以满足学生更为急迫的职业需求，采取的是专才教育的方法。而由于没有设置共核课程，学生往往缺乏有效参与到一体化社会中所必需的共享知识。

【答案】Oneofthedilemmasofthisdecadehasbeenwhethertoapproachmodemeducationintermsofthegeneralistorthespecialist.Someuniversitiesrequireallthestudentstotakeacommoncoreofcoursesfromabroadrangeofdisciplines,appealingtothegeneralistapproachtoeducation.Yet,choosingthecorecoursesinlightoftoday’sexplosionininformationanddiversemulticulturalstudentpopulationshasnotbeenaneasytask.Howdoesoneselectwhatitisthateveryoneshouldknow?Otheruniversitiescontinuetotailortheircoursestothemoreimmediateprofessionalneedsoftheirstudents,appealingtothespecialistapproachtoeducation.Butwithoutacorecurriculum,studentsoftenlackthesharedknowledgenecessarytoparticipateeffectivelyinanintegratedsociety.

21.单选题

FromChristianityandthebarbariankingdomsofthewestemergedthemedievalversionofpolitics_____inturnevolvedthepoliticsofourmodernworld.

问题1选项

A.fromwhich

B.ofwhich

C.onwhich

D.bywhich

【答案】A

【解析】考查定语从句。fromwhich引导定语从句修饰medievalversionofpolitics;evolvefrom“由……进化，从……产生出”，正常语句为thepoliticsofourmodernworldevolvedfromwhich…

22.单选题

They______onacurefortuberculous