考研考博-英语-大连东软信息学院考试押题三合一+答案详解3

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-大连东软信息学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Judgingfromrecentsurveys,mostexpertsinsleepbehavioragreethatthereisvirtuallyanepidemic（流行病）ofsleepinessinthenation．“Ican’tthinkofasinglestudythathasn’tfoundAmericansgettinglesssleepthantheyoughtto,”saysDr.David．Evenpeoplewhothinktheyaresleepingenoughwouldprobablybebetteroffwithmorerest．

Thebeginningofoursleep-deficit（lack）crisescanbetracedbacktotheinventionofthelightbulbacenturyago．Fromdiaryentriesandourpersonalaccountsfromthe18thand19thcenturies,sleepscientistshavereachedtheconclusionthattheaveragepersonusedtosleepabout9.5hoursanight．“Thebestsleephabitsoncewereforcedonus,whenwehadnothingtodointheeveningdownonthefarm,anditwasdark.”Bythe1950sand1960s,thesleepschedulehadbeenreduceddramatically,tobetween7.5and8hours,andmostpeoplehadtowaketoanalarmclock．“Peoplecheatintheirsleep,andtheydon’tevenrealizethey’redoingit,”saysDr.David．“Theythinkthey’reokaybecausetheycangetbyon6.5hours,whentheyreallyneed7.5,8orevenmoretofeelideallyenergetic.”

Perhapsthemostmercilessrobberofsleep,researcherssay,isthecomplexityoftheday．Wheneverpressuresfromwork,family,friendsandcommunityincrease,manypeopleconsidersleeptheleastexpensiveitemontheirprograms．“Inoursociety,you’reconsidereddynamicifyousayyouneedonly5.5hours’sleep．Ifyou’vegottoget8.5hours,peoplethinkyoulackdriveandambition．”

Todeterminetheconsequencesofsleep-deficit,researchershaveputsubjectsthroughasetofpsychologicalandperformancetestsrequiringthem,forinstance,toaddcolumnsofnumbersorrecallapassagereadtothemonlyminutesearlier．“We’vefoundthatifyou’reinsleepdeficit,performancesuffers,”saysDr．David．“Short-termmemoryisweakened,asareabilitiestomakedecisionsandtoconcentrate．”

1.Peopleinthe18thand19thcenturiessleptabout9.5hoursanightbecausetheyhad（）．

2.AccordingtoDr.David,Americans（）.

3.ManyAmericansbelievethat（）.

4.Theword“subjects”（firstsentence,lastparagraph）refersto（）.

5.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethatoneshouldsleepasmanyhoursasisnecessaryto（）.

问题1选项

A.nodriveandambition

B.noelectriclighting

C.thebestsleephabits

D.nothingtodointheevening

问题2选项

A.areideallyvigorousevenunderthepressureoflife

B.oftenneglecttheconsequencesofsleepdeficit

C.donotknowhowtorelaxthemselvesproperly

D.cangetbyon6.5hoursofsleep

问题3选项

A.sleepisthefirstthingthatcanbesacrificedwhenoneisbusy

B.theyneedmoresleeptocopewiththecomplexitiesofeverydaylife

C.tosleepissomethingonecandoatanytimeoftheday

D.enoughsleeppromotespeople’sdriveandambition

问题4选项

A.theperformancetestsusedinthestudyofsleepdeficit

B.specialbranchesofknowledgethatarebeingstudied

C.peoplewhosebehaviorsorreactionsarebeingstudied

D.thepsychologicalconsequencesofsleepdeficit

问题5选项

A.improveone’smemorydramatically

B.beconsidereddynamicbyotherpeople

C.maintainone’sdailyschedule

D.feelingenergeticandperformadequately

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】1.推理判断题。由第二段“Thebeginningofoursleep-deficit（lack）crisescanbetracedbacktotheinventionofthelightbulbacenturyago．“Thebestsleephabitsoncewereforcedonus,whenwehadnothingtodointheeveningdownonthefarm,anditwasdark.我们的睡眠不足危机可以追溯到一个世纪前灯泡的发明。“最好的睡眠习惯曾经是我们被迫养成的，那时我们晚上在农场里无所事事，而且很黑。”可知18世纪和19世纪人们每晚睡9.5小时的主要原因是没有电灯。故B项正确。

2.推理判断题。由第二段“Peoplecheatintheirsleep,andtheydon’tevenrealizethey’redoingit,”saysDr.David．“Theythinkthey’reokaybecausetheycangetbyon6.5hours,whentheyreallyneed7.5,8orevenmoretofeelideallyenergetic.人们会在睡觉这方面欺骗自己，而且他们自己都没有意识到。”大卫博士说。“他们认为自己没问题，因为他们可以工作6.5个小时，而实际上他们需要7.5、8个小时甚至更多的时间才能感到精力充沛。”可知David认为美国人忽视了自己的睡眠问题。故B项正确。

3.细节事实题。由第三段“Wheneverpressuresfromwork,family,friendsandcommunityincrease,manypeopleconsidersleeptheleastexpensiveitemontheirprograms．每当来自工作、家庭、朋友和社区的压力增加时，许多人都认为睡觉是他们生活中最廉价的事情。”可知美国人很忙时会首先牺牲睡眠时间。故A项正确。

4.词义题。由最后一段“Todeterminetheconsequencesofsleep-deficit,researchershaveputsubjectsthroughasetofpsychologicalandperformancetestsrequiringthem,为了确定睡眠不足的后果，研究人员对受试者进行了一系列心理和表现测试，”可知subject指代研究中受试者的心理反应和其他表现。故A项正确。

5.推理判断题。本文第二段提到了由于睡眠不足导致的精力不充沛，最后一段的实验指出睡眠不足的人各方面的表现也不好。故充足睡眠才能保证体力充沛，表现良好。故D项正确。

2.单选题

Beforeyoucanmakeafreshfruitsalad,youmustbuy（）.

问题1选项

A.oranges,bananas,pineapples,andpeachesarenecessary

B.orangesandbananasandpineapplesandpeaches

C.orangesandbananasandotherfruits.Suchaspineapplesandpeaches

D.oranges,bananas,pineapples,andpeaches

【答案】D

【解析】考查并列谓语辨析。A选项arenecessary成分赘余，可排除。B选项and用法使用错误，可排除。C选项and用法错误，也可排除。句意：在你做新鲜水果沙拉之前，你必须先买……。结合句意，D选项and用法准确，符合句意，因此答案为D选项。

3.单选题

Ipersonallyamoffendedbywhattheyhavetriedtodoinaverymisleadingwaywith,whatI'vesaidabouttwoofmypersonal_______,PresidentKennedyandDr.MartinLutherKingJr.

问题1选项

A.resemblance

B.statues

C.icons

D.parable

【答案】C

【解析】resemblance相似之处;statue雕像;icon偶像,崇拜对象;parable寓意,比喻。句意：就我个人而言,我对他们试图以一种非常具有误导性的方式对待肯尼迪总统和马丁•路德•金博士的事感到很愤怒,而我讲过这两个人是我的偶像。选项C符合句意。

4.翻译题

TranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintogoodChinese

ThereisonelastquestionImustdealwithinthischapter.Whyshouldhumanbeingsbemoral?Anotherwayofputtingtheproblemisasfollows:Isthereanyclearfoundationorbasisformorality—cananyreasonsbefoundforhumanbeingstobegoodanddorightactsratherthanbebadanddowrongacts?

Alloftheargumentsputfortharecompellingandvalidtosomeextent,providedthatfreequestioningofthemoralprescriptionsthattheyhaveestablishedorthattheysupportisallowedandencouraged.Ihavealreadypointedoutsomeofthedifficultiesassociatedwithestablishingareligiousbasisformorality,butproblemsexistwiththeothertwoargumentsaswell.（1）

Theself-interestargumentcanbeaproblemwhenotherinterestsconflictwithit:oftenitisdifficulttoconvincesomeonewhoseesobviousbenefitsinactingimmorallyinaparticularsituationthatitisinhisorherself-interesttodootherwise.Moralityestablishedbytraditionandlawisproblematicbecauseitisdifficultbothtochangeandtoquestionsuccessfully.Thislackofquestioningsometimesencouragesblindobediencetheimmoralpractices.Itencouragesthebeliefthatbecausesomethinghasbeendoneacertainwayforhundredsofyears,itmustberight.

（2）Arethereanyotherreasonswecangiveastowhyhumanbeingsshouldbemoral?Ifweexaminehumannatureasempiricallyandrationallyaswecan,wediscoverthatallhumanbeingshavemanyneeds,desires,goals,andobjectivesincommon.Forexample,peoplegenerallyseemtoneedfriendship,love,happiness,freedom,peace,creativity,andstabilityintheirlives,notonlyforthemselvesbutforothers,too.（3）

Itdoesn’ttakemuchfurtherexaminationtodiscoverthatinordertosatisfytheseneeds,peoplemustestablishandfollowmoralprinciplesthatencouragethemtocooperatewithoneanotherandthatfreethemfromfearthattheywilllosetheirlives,bemutilated,orbestolenfrom,liedto,cheated,severelyrestricted,orimprisoned.

Itismycontention,then,thatmoralityhascomeaboutbecauseofhumanneedsandthrougharecognitionoftheimportanceoflivingtogetherinaco-operativeandsignificantway.Iamnottryingtosuggestthatallhumanbeingscanbeconvincedthattheyshouldbemoral,oreventhatitwillalwaysbeineachindividual’sself-interesttobemoral.Idobelieve,however,thatthequestion“Whyshouldhumanbeingsbemoral”generallycanbestbeansweredbythestatementthatadheringtomoralprinciplesenableshumanbeingstolivetheirlivesaspeacefully,happily,creatively,andmeaningfullyasispossible.

Also,asImentionedwhendiscussinglawandmorality,therehasbeenamarkedincreaseintheteachingofethicsinlawschools.Thesametypesofcourseshavebeenestablishedatmedicalschools,andtherehasbeenanincreaseinbioethicsandotherethicscommitteesinhospitalsandvariousbusinesses.Forexample,JamesO’Toolehasbeenconductingvalues-basedleadershipseminarsforCEOsandothermanagersinbusiness.Onemightask.“Doesthismeanthatwearebecomingmoreethical,orthatwewillbe,astheseethicsbegintofilterdowntothegeneralpopulace?”Certainlyitisadmirablethatsomanyevenpoliticians—areinterestedinvaluesandinimprovingtheethicallevelinAmerica.Mymajorconcerniswithhowsuperficialallofthisis,especiallyasitcomesfrompoliticianstryingtogetelected.Idon’tdoubtthatsomeofthesepoliticiansaresincere,butsome-timesIwonderwhosevaluestheywishtoimpose,andalsoIwonderhowmuchtraininganyofthesepeoplehavehadinethics.

（4）Yetregardlessofhowpopular,superficiallyornot,ethicsmaybecome,itcertainlyshouldbethemostimportantaspectofyourlife.Afterall,whatcouldbemoreimportantthanlearninghowtolivemoreethicallyandimprovingthequalityofyourlifeandthelivesofothersaroundyou?AsAlbertEinsteinsaid,“Themostimportanthumanendeavoristhestrivingformoralityinouractions.Ourinnerbalanceandevenourveryexistencedependonit.Onlymoralityinouractionscangivebeautyanddignitytolife.”

（5）Moralitydealsbasicallywithhumansandhowtheyrelatetootherbeings,bothhumanandnonhuman.Itdealswithhowhumanstreatotherbeingssoastopromotemutualwelfare,growth,creativity,andmeaningandtostriveforwhatisgoodoverwhatisbadandwhatisrightoverwhatiswrong.

【答案】1.当与他人利益发生冲突时，利己主义的观点就会成为一个问题：在某特定情形下，若不按道德行事，某人会明显受益，因此，往往很难说服此人遵守道德规范对他或她有益。

2.至于人类为何需要遵守道德规范，我们还能给出其他的理由吗？如果我们能够尽可能地凭借经验或理性审视人性，我们会发现所有人类都有很多相似的需求、欲望、目标和目的。

3.不需要进一步调查就能发现，人类为了满足这些需求，必须树立和遵循道德规范。这会鼓励他们与他人进行合作，帮助他们摆脱可能会丧命、致残，或者遭他人偷窃、撒谎、欺骗、严重地受限制或囚禁等带来的恐惧。

4.然而无论伦理是否受欢迎或者肤浅，它可能成为，也一定应是你的生活中最重要的一面。毕竟，学习如何更符合伦理道德地生活，以及改善你的以及身边人的生活质量，难道还有比这更重要的事吗？

5.道德主要是关于人，以及他们与其他人或人类以外其他事物之间的关系。它涉及人类如何对待其他人或物，从而促进共同的福利、发展、创造力和意义，以及为了好战胜坏和正义战胜邪恶而努力。

5.单选题

______totellusthattheinterestoftheindividualshouldbesubordinatetothatofthecollective?

问题1选项

A.Wereyouused

B.Areyouused

C.Didyouuse

D.Doyouused

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定句型。句意：你不是经常告诉我们个人的利益应该从属于集体的利益吗？sb.usedtodo“某人过去常常做某事”，其一般疑问句为didsb.usetodo；sb.beusedto(doing)sth.“习惯于（做）某事”，其一般疑问句为be动词提前；beusedtodosth.“被用来做某事”。结合语境，这里指的是过去常常告诉我们某事，C选项Didyouuse符合题意。因此C选项正确。

6.单选题

Thehealthadministrativedepartmentofacitywithdistrictsshalldesignateatleastone（）medicalinstitutiontotakeandtreatAIDSvictimsandAIDSviruscarriers.

问题1选项

A.illegible

B.legible

C.eligible

D.ineligible

【答案】C

【解析】考查形近词辨析。A选项illegible“字迹模糊的”；B选项legible“清晰的”；C选项eligible“合格的，符合条件的”；D选项ineligible“不合格的”。句意：设区的市卫生行政部门应当指定至少一家符合条件的医疗机构，接收和治疗艾滋病患者和艾滋病病毒携带者。选项C符合句意。

7.单选题

IlookedatMumandthought（

）shewasasniceasshelookedmaybeallourliveswouldhavebeenbetter.

问题1选项

A.onlyif

B.ifonly

C.evenif

D.eventhough

【答案】B

【解析】考察固定搭配。onlyif只有；evenif=eventhough即使；ifonly“要是……就”；句意为：我注视着母亲，心想：要是她像看上去那么和蔼可亲就好了，这样我们的生活也许会变得更好。选项B符合句意。

8.单选题

Humble（）itmaybe,thereisnoplacemorelikehome.

问题1选项

A.although

B.as

C.how

D.that

【答案】B

【解析】考查让步状语从句。句子用了倒装，把形容词提前到句首，只有as或者though有这个用法，although没有。as/though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前（形容词，副词，分词，实义动词提前）例如：Tryhardashewill,heneverseemsabletodotheworksatisfactorily.由as引导的让步状语从句，强调表语humble。句意：尽管这里是简陋的，但是没有一个地方比它更像家。所以本题选择B选项正确。

9.单选题

Hotmetal______asitgrowscooler.

问题1选项

A.contracts

B.reduces

C.condenses

D.compresses

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.contracts（使）收缩，缩小B.reduces减少；降低

C.condenses（由气体）冷凝，（使气体）凝结D.compresses（被）压紧，压缩

【答案】A

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据关键词cooler（变冷），结合常识可知，热胀冷缩，所以空格处表示“缩小”，故该题选择A项。

【干扰项排除】

B、C项不符合句意；

D项是指由于外力的压缩造成的，不符合语境。

【句意】热金属一开始变冷就收缩。

10.单选题

Duringtheelectioncampaign,thepartyvowedto______environmentalconsiderationsintoallitspolicies.

问题1选项

A.associate

B.unite

C.incorporate

D.combine

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项associate“联系”；B选项unite“（与某人或集体）联结；联合”，uniteindoingsth.；C选项incorporate“将……包括在内；使并入”，osth.；D选项combine“结合；组合”，combinesth.withsth.。句意：在竞选期间，该党郑重宣告将环境因素______其所有政策。根据语境和单词用法，C选项incorporate“将……包括在内；使并入”符合题意，意思是指政策将包含环境方面的问题。因此C选项正确。

11.单选题

TheAmericanbabyboomafterthewarmadeunconvincingU.S.advicetopoorcountriesthattheyrestraintheirbirths.However,therehashardlybeenayearsince1957inwhichbirthrateshavenotfallenintheUnitedStatesandotherrichcountries,andin1976thefallwasespeciallysharp.BothEastGermanyandWestGermanyhavefewerbirthsthantheyhavedeaths,andtheUnitedStatesisonlytemporarilyabletoavoidthisconditionbecausethechildrenofthebabyboomarenowanexceptionallylargegroupofmarriedcouples.

ItistruethatAmericansdonottypicallyplantheirbirthstosetanexamplefordevelopingnations.Wearemoreaffectedbywomen’sliberation:oncewomenseeinterestingandwell-paidjobsarecareersavailable,theyarelesswillingtoprovidefreelaborforchildraising.Fromcostingnothing,childrensuddenlycometoseemimpossiblyexpensive.Andtothehighcostofchildrenareaddedtheuncertainties,introducedbydivorce;couplesareincreasinglyunwillingtosubjectchildrentotheterribleexperienceofmaritalbreakdownandthemselvestothedifficultyofraisingachildalone.

Thesecircumstances—womenworkingoutsidethehomeandtheinstabilityofmarriage一tendtospreadwithindustrialsocietyandtheywillaffectmoreandmorecountriesinthenearfuture.Alongwiththemgoessocialmobility,ambitiontoriseintheurbanworld,amainfactorinbringingdownthebirthsinEuropeinthe19thcentury.

Foodshortagewillhappenagainwhenthereservesresultingfromthegoodharvestsof1998and1999havebeenconsumed.Urbanizationislikelytocontinue,withthecitiesofthedevelopingnationsstrugglingundertheweightoftwicetheirpresentpopulationsbytheyear2010.Thepresentlyrichcountriesareapproachingastablepopulationlargelybecauseofthechangedplaceofwomen,andtheyincidentallyaresettinganexampleofrestrainttotherestoftheworld.Industrialsocietywillspreadtothepoorcountries,andaspirationwillexceedresources.Allthiswillleadtoapopulationinthenewcenturythatissmallerthanwasfearedafewyearsago.Forthoseanxioustoseeworldpopulationbroughtundercontrol,thenewsisencouraging.

1.WhatinfluencesthebirthratemostintheUnitedStatesis（）.

2.Thesentence“Fromcostingnothing,childrensuddenlycometoseemimpossiblyexpensive”impliesthat（）.

3.AchieffactorinbringingdownthebirthsinEuropeinthe19thcenturyis（）.

4.Thepopulationinthenewcentury,accordingtothewriter,（）.

问题1选项

A.highlypaidjobs

B.women’sdesireforindependence

C.expensesofchildraising

D.highdivorcerate

问题2选项

A.foodandclothingforbabiesarebecomingincrediblyexpensive

B.pricesaregoingupdramaticallyallthetime

C.toraisechildrenwomenhavetogiveupinterestingandwell-paidjobs

D.socialdevelopmenthasmadechild-raisinginexpensive

问题3选项

A.birthcontrol

B.thedesiretoseekfortuneincities

C.theinstabilityofmarriage

D.thechangedplaceofwomen

问题4选项

A.willbesmallerthanafewyearsago

B.willnotbeassmallaspeopleexpect

C.willprovetobeathreattotheworld

D.willnotcontinueasseriousaproblemasexpected

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:D

【解析】1.信息推断题。根据第二段第二句“Wearemoreaffectedbywomen’sliberation:...providefreelaborforchildraising.”美国出生率受到妇女解放的影响:一旦妇女有了有趣的高薪工作，她们就不太愿意为抚养孩子付出免费的劳动力了。选项B符合原文。

2.信息推断题。上一句提到，一旦妇女有了有趣的高薪工作，她们就不太愿意为抚养孩子付出免费的劳动力了。由此可以推断，抚养孩子从零成本似乎变成了高成本，是因为女性为了抚养孩子而放弃高薪工作所付出了昂贵的代价，这里并不是说抚养孩子的成本高。所以选项C符合原文。

3.事实细节题。根据第三段最后一句“Alongwiththem...inEuropeinthe19thcentury.”社会流动性，以及在城市里发展提升的抱负，是19世纪欧洲出生率下降的一个主要因素。选项B符合原文。

4.事实细节题。根据最后一段的内容可知，目前富裕的国家由于妇女地位改变而人口趋于稳定，为世界其他地区树立了榜样，工业社会也将蔓延到贫穷国家，所有的这些都将导致新世纪的人口比几年前的要少。潜在意思是说，新世纪的人口问题不会像预期的那样严重。选项D相对于选项A来说，更为恰当。

12.单选题

MarcHooper,notlongpromotedtoCEOofconfectionerygiantSpartanKetley(SK),isverydifferentfromhispredecessors.Heisacorporatelawyerbytraining,andhisbackgroundhasclearlyshapedhismanagementstyle.Hewastaughtthatnoworkshouldgouncheckedandthatnostatementcangooutwithouteverythingbeingfullydefined.”Thelegalworldteachesyoutothinkinasyntheticway,totakecontrastingideasandthreadthemtogethertoformastrategyHooper,withlittlemarketingexperience,wasnotatthetopofmarketobservers’listsforthejob.Buthereheis,justoverayearintotheroleandseeminglyontopofthings.

EducatedatHarvardUniversity,Hooperstartedhiscareerwithwell-knownNewYorkconsultantsCox&Leight(C&L),andbecameaspecialistinmergersandacquisitions.ItwasatremendoustraininggroundandIcouldhavestayedinmergersandacquisitionsIfoundtheworkinteresting.Butanotheropportunitypresenteditself:SKofferedhimajobasgeneraladvisor.HooperknewSKwellbecauseC&LwasitsmainNewYorkconsultancyfirmandHooperlookedafteritsaccount.

HooperlikedSKandwhentheycamecalling,severalfactorsweighedonhismind.“IadmiredSKandthoughtitwouldbeagreatplacetowork.C&LhadtoldmeIwasonlyfiveyearsthroughaten-yearjourneytobecomeapartner.Also,forthreeyearsinarowmypayatC&Lhadstayedthesame.Finally,Iwasworkingverylonghoursinalarge,impersonalofficeanditseemedlikeanintelligentlifestyledecisiontotakeajobwithadifferentcompany.

HooperbecameestablishedatSK,andsoonfeltreadyforahigherposition,butwastoldthatnoonecouldgetonatSKunlesstheyhadbeeninsalesandmarketing.Ihadtomakeamove,“saysHooper.”Itookarisk;IbecameheadofmarketinginEurope.Infact,thiswasasidewaysmove-notformoremoneybuttoaddtohisknowledgeandtofurtherhiscareer.Thefirstchallengewasthathefoundhimselfinchargeof25brightyoungmarketingpeople.“Ihadtoworkhardtokeepup,”headmits.

Throughout,hehasremainedfocused,hiseyealwaysonthemainprize.HiselevationtoCEO,hesays,isproofofSKSinclusiveness.“Wearealwaysopentopeoplewithfreshideas,asCEOIsupportanyonewhoiswillingtotakeachanceandwhowantstostretchthemselves.Ifyouarekeentodevelopandproveyoucansucceed,thiscompanywillprovidethechallengeyouneed.”Andinlinewiththisphilosophy,Hooperisnotanautocraticleaderhisstyleistoconsult,toseekadvice,thentoact.

1.ThechoiceofMareHooperasSpartanKetley’sCEOwassurprisingbecause______.

2.WhatdoesHoopersayabouthisfirstjob?

3.OneofthereasonsforHooperleavingCoxandLeightwas______.

4.AftersometimeatSpartanKetley,Hooperchangeddepartmentsbecause______.

5.HoopersaysthathispolicyasCEOisto______.

问题1选项

A.heknewmoreaboutlawthanmarketing

B.hehadlittleexperienceofstrategicplanning

C.hehadbeenwiththecompanyforashorttime

D.heintendedtotakethecompanyinadifferentdirection

问题2选项

A.Heregardedthejobasameanstoamoreinterestingcareer

B.Hegainedusefulskillswhilehewaswiththecompany.

C.Hefoundthathiseducationpreparedhimwellforthejob.

D.Heenjoyedworkingforsuchaprestigiouscompany.

问题3选项

A.hehadnochanceofbecomingapartner

B.hewasnothappywiththeworkingconditions

C.hewantedtomovetoaworkplaceinadifferentarea.

D.hefeltitwasimportanttochangejobseveryfewyears

问题4选项

A.hedidnotfindhiscurrentjobfinanciallyrewardingenough

B.hewantedtohaveexperienceofworkinginEurope

C.itwasanopportunitytoworkwithyoungpeople

D.itimprovedhischancesofpromotion

问题5选项

A.developasenseofcompetitionwithinhisworkforce

B.trainpeopletobecomeproficientinawiderangeofskills

C.hirestaffwhoarenotafraidtomakeimportantdecisions

D.encourageemployeestobeinnovativeintheirapproachtowork

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:D

【解析】1.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干可以定位到文中第一段Thelegalworldteachesyoutothinkinasyntheticway,totakecontrastingideasandthreadthemtogethertoformastrategyHooper,withlittlemarketingexperience,wasnotatthetopofmarketobservers’listsforthejob.（法律世界教会你以一种综合的方式思考，将不同的观点结合在一起，形成一个战略Hooper，因为几乎没有营销经验，所以不是市场观察人士对该工作的首选。）A选项“他的法律知识比市场营销知识多”，文章第一段提到，他是一位企业律师，并且没有营销策略，因此A选项正确。B选项“他几乎没有战略规划的经验”，文章只是说他没有营销策略，因此B选项可排除。C选项“他在公司待了一段时间”，这并不能成为马瑞•胡珀担任首席执行官令人惊讶的原因，可排除C选项。D选项“他打算使公司朝着不同的方向发展”，文章没有提到这个内容，可排除D选项。因此A选项为正确答案。

2.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段中第四句ItwasatremendoustraininggroundandIcouldhavestayedinmergersandacquisitionsIfoundtheworkinteresting.（那是一个巨大的训练场地，我本可以继续从事并购工作，我发现那份工作很有趣。）选项A“他把这份工作看作是通向更有趣的事业一种手段”，符合文章内容，他认为这份工作很有趣，A选项正确。选项B“他在公司期间获得了有用的技能”，文章并没有提到此内容，可排除。C选项“他发现他所受的教育使他能胜任这项工作”，文章并没有提到此内容，可排除。D选项“他很喜欢在如此著名的公司工作”，文章没有提到这个内容，都可排除。因此A选项为正确答案。

3.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干可以定位到原文第三段第三句C&LhadtoldmeIwasonlyfiveyearsthroughaten-yearjourneytobecomeapartner.（C&L曾告诉我，我要经过10年的努力才能成为合伙人。）因此可推测，Hooper所在公司的晋升条件过高。B选项“他对工作条件不满意”，符合题意，B选项正确。A选项“他没有机会成为合伙人”，这里说他十年努力能够成为合伙人，因此A选项排除。C选项“他想搬到一个不同地区的工作场所”，文章没有提到这个内容，可排除。D选项“他觉得每隔几年换一份工作很重要”，文章没有提到此内容，可排除。因此B选项为正确答案。

4.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干可以定位到倒数第二段第五句Infact,thiswasasidewaysmove-notformoremoneybuttoaddtohisknowledgeandtofurtherhiscareer.（事实上，这是一种横向移动—不是为了更多的钱，而是为了增加他的知识和进一步发展他的事业），由此可推测，他是为了一个好的事业，才选择换部门。D选项“这增加了他晋升的机会”，符合文章内容，D选项正确。A选项“他觉得目前的工作在经济上的回报不够”，文章没有提到这个内容，可排除。B选项“他想有在欧洲工作的经验”，文章没有提到这个内容，可排除。C选项“这是一个和年轻人一起工作的机会”，文章只是说他要努力工作才能赶上年轻人，可排除C选项。因此D选项为正确答案。

5.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干可以定位到文章最后一段第四句asCEOIsupportanyonewhoiswillingtotakeachanceandwhowantstostretchthemselves.（作为首席执行官，我支持任何愿意碰碰运气、想拓展自己的人。因此可推测Hooper作为首席执行官，会鼓励员工拓展自己，革新自己。）D选项“鼓励员工在工作方式上创新”，符合文章内容，D选项正确。A选项“在员工中培养竞争意识”，文章没有提到这个内容，可排除。B选项“培训人们，使他们精通各种技能”，文章没有提到此内容，可排除。C选项“雇佣那些敢于做出重要决定的员工”，文章所说“如果你渴望发展并证明你能成功，本公司将提供你所需要的挑战”，因此C选项不符合句意，可排除。因此D选项为正确答案。

13.单选题

Withallitsadvantages,thecomputerisbynomeanswithoutits（）.

问题1选项

A.boundaries

B.restraints

C.confinements

D.limitations

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项boundaries“边界，界限”；B选项restraints“限制，禁止”；C选项confinements“监禁”；D选项limitations“局限性，（限制）因素”。句意：尽管计算机有许多优点，但它决不是没有（）。通过题干可以看出这里表达的意思是“计算机虽然优点很多，但是也会有局限性”，因此D选项符合题意。

14.单选题

Itisobviousthatthisapplicabletoeveryonewithout______.

问题1选项

A.exception

B.excision

C.modification

D.substitution

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.exception一般情况以外的人（或事物）；例外B.excision切除；删除

C.modification改进；改变D.substitution代替；替换

【答案】A

【考查点】名词辨析。

【解题思路】根据关键信息applicabletoeveryone（适用于每一个人）可知，每个人都适用，也就是说没有一个例外，withoutexception是常见用法，表示“无例外地，全部”，故该题选择A项。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D项不符合句意。

【句意】显然，这适用于每个人，无一例外。

15.单选题

Theyhavehadagoodharvestforthreeyearsin______.

问题1选项

A.line

B.end

C.row

D.succession

【答案】D

【解析】考查词组辨析。A项line“线”，inline表示“协调，有秩序”；B项end“结束，末尾”；C项row“行，排”，inrow表示“行内的，在行内”；D项succession“连续，继位”，insuccession表示“接连地，连续地”。根据前面的句子Theyhavehadagoodharvestforthreeyears“他们已经有三年的大丰收了”可知，D项符合语境。句意：他们连续三年获得了大丰收。因此，该题选择D项正确。

16.单选题

Loomingoverthedebateabouthumaninterferenceintheworld’sborealforestsisanasyetunanswerablequestion:Willtheeffectsofglobalwarmingeventuallydwarfman’simpact?

问题1选项

A.raisetogreaterimportance

B.makemoredifficulttomeasure

C.causetoappearsmall

D.bringtoanabruptend

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。横线单词dwarf意为“（使）变矮；使显得矮小；使无足轻重”；A选项“raisetogreaterimportance”意为“提高重要性”；B选项“makemoredifficulttomeasure”意为“使得……更难以测量”；C选项“causetoappearsmall”意为“使……显得不重要”；D选项“bringtoanabruptend”意为“突然结束、停止”。句意：关于人类对世界寒带森林干预的争论迫在眉睫，这是一个至今无法回答的问题：全球变暖的影响最终会使人类的影响变得无关紧要吗？由题干可知，theeffectsofglobalwarming（全球变暖的影响）和man’simpact（人类的影响）是两组不同的影响，题目意在将全球变暖的影响和人类的影响相比较，是否全球变暖会使得人类的影响变得微不足道。由此可知，dwarf在此处最可能是“使无足轻重”的意思。因此C选项符合题意。

17.单选题

Wecan（

）broadlybetweentheintentionofknowing,andtheintentionofdoing,whichcorrespondroughlytotheconventionaldistinctionbetweenpureandappliedmathematics.

问题1选项

A.separate

B.extinguish

C.distinguish

D.disguise

【答案】C

【解析】考察动词辨析。separate“隔离”；extinguish“压制”；distinguish“区分”；disguise“伪装”。句意：我们可以大致区分为求知意图和行为意图，大约对应传统观点对纯理论数学和应用数学的区分。选项C符合句意。

18.单选题

“Thereisasenselessnotionthatchildrengrowupandleavehomewhenthey’re18,andthetruthisfarfromthatsayssociologistLarryBumpassoftheUniversityofWisconsin.Todayunexpectednumbersofyoungadultsarelivingwiththeirparents.“Thereisamajorshiftinthemiddleclass,”declaressociologistAllanSchnaibergofNorthwesternUniversity,whoseson,19,movedbackinafteranabsenceofeightmouths.

Analystsciteavarietyofreasonsforthisreturntothenest.Themarriageageisrising,conditionthatmakeshomeanditspleasantnessparticularlyattractivetoyoungpeople.Ahighdivorcerateandadecliningremarriageratearesendingeconomicallypressedandemotionallyhurtsurvivorsbacktoparentalshelters.Forsome,theexpenseofanaway-from-homecollegeeducationhasbecomesoexcessivelygreatthatmanystudentsnowattendlocalschools.Evenaftergraduation,youngpeoplefindtheirwingsclippedbyskyrocketinghousingcosts.

Livingathome,saysKinghton,aschoolteacher,continuestogivehersecurityandmoralsupport.Hermotheragreed,“It’sridiculousforthekidstopayallthatmoneyforrent.Itmakesenseforkidstostayathome.”Butsharingthefamilyhomerequiresadjustmentsforall.Theyarethehasslesoverbathrooms,telephonesandprivacy.Somefamilieshowever,managethedelicatebalancingact.Butforothers,itprovestoodifficult.MichelleDelTurco,24,hasbeenhomethreetimes-andleftthreetimes.“WhatIconsideredasocialdrink,mydadconsideredanalcoholProblem,”sheexplains.“HeneverlikedanyoneIdated,soeitherhadtohideawayormeetthematfriends9house.”

Justhowlongshouldadultchildrenlivewiththeirparentsbeforemovingon?Mostpsychologistsfeellengthyhomecomingsareamistake.Childrenstrugglingtoestablishseparateidentities,canendupwith“asenseofinadequacy,defeatandfailure.”Andagingparents,whoshouldbeenjoyingsomefinancialandpersonalfreedomthemselvesstuckresponsibilities.Manyagreethatbriefvisits,however,canworkbeneficially.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,therewasonceatrendinthe