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ElectricMachineryandDriveFallSemester2009Dept.ofElectricalEngineeringElectricMachineryandDriveDePowerPointSlidestoaccompanyElectricMachineryFourthEditionStephenJ.ChapmanChapter1IntroductiontoMachineryPrinciplesPowerPointSlidesChapter1Objectives•Toinstillanunderstandingoftheunderlyingelectromagneticeffectspermittingelectricmachineoperationandintroducebasicmachinetypes•Todescribetheconstructionofthesemachines•Toexaminethemaintypesofthesemachines•TobeskilledinanalyzingthecharacteristicofthesemachinesIntroductionandOverviewObjectivesIntroductionandOveReferenceBooks

1.TheodoreWildi.ElectricalMachines,Drives,andPowerSystems(FifthEdition)PearsonEducation.20022.A.E.Fitzgerald,CharlesKingsley,Jr.,StephenD.UmansElectricMachinery(SixthEdition)McGraw-Hill.20033.李发海王岩.电机与拖动基础北京：清华大学出版社，1994.4.顾绳谷.电机及拖动基础(上、下册)北京：机械工业出版社，19805.汤蕴缪史乃.电机学第二版北京：机械工业出版社，2005.16.姚舜才付巍赵耀霞电机学与电力拖动技术北京：国防工业出版社，2006.1ReferenceBooksWhatisanElectric-MachineDrive?WhatisanElectric-MachineDr电机学英文版课件01TypeofElectricalMachinesEMMotorGeneratorDCMotorACMotorSeparatelyExcitedNon-SeparatelyExcitedSeriesShuntCompoundSynchronousAsynchronousSinglePhaseDoublePhaseThreePhaseDCGeneratorACGeneratorTypeofElectricalMachinesEMMAngularPositionAngularVelocityAngularAccelerationAngularPositionTorqueTT=(ForceApplied)(PerpendicularDistance)=(F)(rsin)Newton’sLawofRotationT=JWorkWPowerPTorqueTElectricDrivesAnelectricdriveisasystemthatconvertselectricalenergytomechanicalenergy•Parts:

–electricmotor(orseveral)–controlsystem(includingsoftware)•Constant-speeddrives

–onlyastart/stopandprotectionsystem

inadditiontotheelectricmotor•Variable-speeddrives(VSDs)–includeanelectronicpowerconverterElectricDrivesElectricDriveandtheSurroundingSystemElectricDriveandtheSurrounAccelerationofInertialMass•TorqueneededforacceleratingthemomentofinertiaJ:•Momentofinertiaofathin-walledcylinderAccelerationofInertialMass••MomentofinertiaofasolidcylinderEquationofMotion•Momentofinertiaofasolid

InertiaJisatheoreticalparameter.Inengineering,FlyWheelGD2isusedtoreplaceinertia.Thatis：InertiaJisatheoreticaCopyright©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.Permissionrequiredforreproductionordisplay.Simplemagneticcircuit.Figure1.11-15Copyright©TheMcGraw-HillCoCopyright©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.Permissionrequiredforreproductionordisplay.Magneticcircuitwithairgap.Figure1-31-16Copyright©TheMcGraw-HillCoProductionofaMagneticFieldAmpere’sLawH=magneticfieldintensity(Ampere-turnspermeter)

B=magneticfluxdensity/intensityofmagneticinduction=magneticpermeabilityProductionofaMagneticFieldMagneticfluxMagnetomotiveMagneticreluctanceMagneticfluxAnalogybetweenelectricandmagneticcircuits.

(a)Electriccircuit,(b)magneticcircuit.Figure1-4AnalogybetweenelectricandmKirchhoff'sLawinMagneticCircuitKirchhoff'sLawinMagneticCilδINlδINAir-gapfringingfields.Figure1-6Air-gapfringingfields.Simplesynchronousmachine.Figure1-9Simplesynchronousmachine.(a)Magneticcircuitand(b)equivalentcircuitforExample1.3.Figure1.6(a)Magneticcircuitand(b)eMATLABplotofinductancevs.relativepermeabilityforExample1.5.Figure1.7MATLABplotofinductancevs.Magneticcircuitwithtwowindings.Figure1.8MagneticcircuitwithtwowindB-HloopsforM-5grain-orientedelectricalsteel0.012inthick.Onlythetophalvesoftheloopsareshownhere.(ArmcoInc.)Figure1-10B-HloopsforM-5grain-orientDcmagnetizationcurveforM-5grain-orientedelectricalsteel0.012inthick.(ArmcoInc.)Figure1.10DcmagnetizationcurveforM-5Excitationphenomena.(a)Voltage,flux,andexcitingcurrent;(b)correspondinghysteresisloop.Figure1.11Excitationphenomena.(a)VoltExcitingrmsvoltamperesperkilogramat60HzforM-5

grain-orientedelectricalsteel0.012inthick.(ArmcoInc.)Figure1-10ExcitingrmsvoltamperesperkHysteresisloop;hysteresislossisproportionaltothelooparea(shaded).Figure1-11Hysteresisloop;hysteresisloCorelossat60HzinwattsperkilogramforM-5

grain-orientedelectricalsteel0.012inthick.(ArmcoInc.)Figure1.14Corelossat60HzinwattspeLaminatedsteelcorewithwindingforExample1.8.Figure1.15Laminatedsteelcorewithwind(a)SecondquadrantofhysteresisloopforAlnico5;

(b)secondquadrantofhysteresisloopforM-5electricalsteel;(c)hysteresisloopforM-5electricalsteelexpanded

forsmallB.(ArmcoInc.)Figure1.16(a)SecondquadrantofhystereMagneticcircuitforExample1.9.Figure1.17MagneticcircuitforExample1MagneticcircuitforExample1.10.Figure1.18MagneticcircuitforExample1Magnetizationcurvesforcommonpermanent-magnetmaterials.Figure1.19MagnetizationcurvesforcommoMagneticcircuitincludingbothapermanentmagnetandanexcitationwinding.Figure1.20MagneticcircuitincludingbotPortionofaB-Hcharacteristicshowingaminorloop

andarecoilline.Figure1.21PortionofaB-HcharacteristiMagneticcircuitforExample1.11.Figure1.22MagneticcircuitforExample1(a)MagnetizationcurveforAlnico5forExample1.11;

(b)seriesofloadlinesforAg=2cm2andvaryingofvalues

ofishowingthemagnetizationprocedureforExample1.11.

Figure1.23(a)(b)(a)MagnetizationcurveforAlMagneticcircuitforProblem1.1.Figure1.24MagneticcircuitforProblem1MagneticcircuitforProblem1.6.Figure1.25MagneticcircuitforProblem1MagneticcircuitforProblem1.9.Figure1.26MagneticcircuitforProblem1InductorforProblem1.12.Figure1.27InductorforProblem1.12.Pot-coreinductorforProblem1.15.Figure1.28Pot-coreinductorforProblemInductorforProblem1.17.Figure1.29InductorforProblem1.17.ToroidalwindingforProblem1.19.Figure1.30ToroidalwindingforProblem1Iron-coreinductorforProblem1.20.Figure1.31Iron-coreinductorforProblemMagneticcircuitforProblem1.22.Figure1.32MagneticcircuitforProblem1SymmetricmagneticcircuitforProblem1.23.Figure1.33SymmetricmagneticcircuitforReciprocatinggeneratorforProblem1.24.Figure1.34ReciprocatinggeneratorforPrConfigurationformeasurementofmagneticproperties

ofelectricalsteel.Figure1.35ConfigurationformeasurementMagneticcircuitforProblem1.28.Figure1.36MagneticcircuitforProblem1MagneticcircuitfortheloudspeakerofProblem1.34

(voicecoilnotshown).Figure1.37MagneticcircuitfortheloudsMagneticcircuitforProblem1.35.Figure1.38MagneticcircuitforProblem1ProductionofInducedForceOnaWirei=magnitudeofcurrentinthewireB=magneticfluxdensityvectorl=lengthofconductorinthemagneticfieldProductionofInducedForceOnInducedVoltageOnaConductorMovingInaMagneticFieldv=velocityofthewireB=magneticfluxdensityvectorl=lengthofconductorinthemagneticfieldInducedVoltageOnaConductorThreePhasePowerTheinstantaneoustotalpowerisconstant!ThreePhasePowerTheinstantanThreePhasePowerRealPowerperphaseis P=VpIp

cos()RealPowerforallthreephasesis P=3VpIp

cos()Sinceforabalancedloadthepowerisconstant P(t)=3VpIp

cos()alsoPowerinTermsofLineQuantities P=3VllIllcos()ThreePhasePowerRealPowerpeThreePhaseReactivePowerQTotalsupplyVoltAmpsproduct(VA)is VA=3VllIllReactivepowerQistheQuantitymakingupthedifferencebetweenVAandPower Q=3VllIllsin()ThusVA2=P2+Q2QisameasureoftheenergystoragecapabilityofthecircuitForthegreatestPowerperampofsupplythePowerFactorshouldbeUnityandQshouldbezeroThreePhaseReactivePowerQToElectricMachineryandDriveFallSemester2009Dept.ofElectricalEngineeringElectricMachineryandDriveDePowerPointSlidestoaccompanyElectricMachineryFourthEditionStephenJ.ChapmanChapter1IntroductiontoMachineryPrinciplesPowerPointSlidesChapter1Objectives•Toinstillanunderstandingoftheunderlyingelectromagneticeffectspermittingelectricmachineoperationandintroducebasicmachinetypes•Todescribetheconstructionofthesemachines•Toexaminethemaintypesofthesemachines•TobeskilledinanalyzingthecharacteristicofthesemachinesIntroductionandOverviewObjectivesIntroductionandOveReferenceBooks

1.TheodoreWildi.ElectricalMachines,Drives,andPowerSystems(FifthEdition)PearsonEducation.20022.A.E.Fitzgerald,CharlesKingsley,Jr.,StephenD.UmansElectricMachinery(SixthEdition)McGraw-Hill.20033.李发海王岩.电机与拖动基础北京：清华大学出版社，1994.4.顾绳谷.电机及拖动基础(上、下册)北京：机械工业出版社，19805.汤蕴缪史乃.电机学第二版北京：机械工业出版社，2005.16.姚舜才付巍赵耀霞电机学与电力拖动技术北京：国防工业出版社，2006.1ReferenceBooksWhatisanElectric-MachineDrive?WhatisanElectric-MachineDr电机学英文版课件01TypeofElectricalMachinesEMMotorGeneratorDCMotorACMotorSeparatelyExcitedNon-SeparatelyExcitedSeriesShuntCompoundSynchronousAsynchronousSinglePhaseDoublePhaseThreePhaseDCGeneratorACGeneratorTypeofElectricalMachinesEMMAngularPositionAngularVelocityAngularAccelerationAngularPositionTorqueTT=(ForceApplied)(PerpendicularDistance)=(F)(rsin)Newton’sLawofRotationT=JWorkWPowerPTorqueTElectricDrivesAnelectricdriveisasystemthatconvertselectricalenergytomechanicalenergy•Parts:

–electricmotor(orseveral)–controlsystem(includingsoftware)•Constant-speeddrives

–onlyastart/stopandprotectionsystem

inadditiontotheelectricmotor•Variable-speeddrives(VSDs)–includeanelectronicpowerconverterElectricDrivesElectricDriveandtheSurroundingSystemElectricDriveandtheSurrounAccelerationofInertialMass•TorqueneededforacceleratingthemomentofinertiaJ:•Momentofinertiaofathin-walledcylinderAccelerationofInertialMass••MomentofinertiaofasolidcylinderEquationofMotion•Momentofinertiaofasolid

InertiaJisatheoreticalparameter.Inengineering,FlyWheelGD2isusedtoreplaceinertia.Thatis：InertiaJisatheoreticaCopyright©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.Permissionrequiredforreproductionordisplay.Simplemagneticcircuit.Figure1.11-76Copyright©TheMcGraw-HillCoCopyright©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.Permissionrequiredforreproductionordisplay.Magneticcircuitwithairgap.Figure1-31-77Copyright©TheMcGraw-HillCoProductionofaMagneticFieldAmpere’sLawH=magneticfieldintensity(Ampere-turnspermeter)

B=magneticfluxdensity/intensityofmagneticinduction=magneticpermeabilityProductionofaMagneticFieldMagneticfluxMagnetomotiveMagneticreluctanceMagneticfluxAnalogybetweenelectricandmagneticcircuits.

(a)Electriccircuit,(b)magneticcircuit.Figure1-4AnalogybetweenelectricandmKirchhoff'sLawinMagneticCircuitKirchhoff'sLawinMagneticCilδINlδINAir-gapfringingfields.Figure1-6Air-gapfringingfields.Simplesynchronousmachine.Figure1-9Simplesynchronousmachine.(a)Magneticcircuitand(b)equivalentcircuitforExample1.3.Figure1.6(a)Magneticcircuitand(b)eMATLABplotofinductancevs.relativepermeabilityforExample1.5.Figure1.7MATLABplotofinductancevs.Magneticcircuitwithtwowindings.Figure1.8MagneticcircuitwithtwowindB-HloopsforM-5grain-orientedelectricalsteel0.012inthick.Onlythetophalvesoftheloopsareshownhere.(ArmcoInc.)Figure1-10B-HloopsforM-5grain-orientDcmagnetizationcurveforM-5grain-orientedelectricalsteel0.012inthick.(ArmcoInc.)Figure1.10DcmagnetizationcurveforM-5Excitationphenomena.(a)Voltage,flux,andexcitingcurrent;(b)correspondinghysteresisloop.Figure1.11Excitationphenomena.(a)VoltExcitingrmsvoltamperesperkilogramat60HzforM-5

grain-orientedelectricalsteel0.012inthick.(ArmcoInc.)Figure1-10ExcitingrmsvoltamperesperkHysteresisloop;hysteresislossisproportionaltothelooparea(shaded).Figure1-11Hysteresisloop;hysteresisloCorelossat60HzinwattsperkilogramforM-5

grain-orientedelectricalsteel0.012inthick.(ArmcoInc.)Figure1.14Corelossat60HzinwattspeLaminatedsteelcorewithwindingforExample1.8.Figure1.15Laminatedsteelcorewithwind(a)SecondquadrantofhysteresisloopforAlnico5;

(b)secondquadrantofhysteresisloopforM-5electricalsteel;(c)hysteresisloopforM-5electricalsteelexpanded

forsmallB.(ArmcoInc.)Figure1.16(a)SecondquadrantofhystereMagneticcircuitforExample1.9.Figure1.17MagneticcircuitforExample1MagneticcircuitforExample1.10.Figure1.18MagneticcircuitforExample1Magnetizationcurvesforcommonpermanent-magnetmaterials.Figure1.19MagnetizationcurvesforcommoMagneticcircuitincludingbothapermanentmagnetandanexcitationwinding.Figure1.20MagneticcircuitincludingbotPortionofaB-Hcharacteristicshowingaminorloop

andarecoilline.Figure1.21PortionofaB-HcharacteristiMagneticcircuitforExample1.11.Figure1.22MagneticcircuitforExample1(a)MagnetizationcurveforAlnico5forExample1.11;

(b)seriesofloadlinesforAg=2cm2andvaryingofvalues

ofishowingthemagnetizationprocedureforExample1.11.

Figure1.23(a)(b)(a)MagnetizationcurveforAlMagneticcircuitforProblem1.1.Figure1.24MagneticcircuitforProblem1MagneticcircuitforProblem1.6.Figure1.25MagneticcircuitforProblem1MagneticcircuitforProblem1.9.Figure1.26MagneticcircuitforProblem1InductorforProblem1.12.Figure1.27InductorforProblem1.12.Pot-coreinductorforProblem1.15.Figure1.28Pot-coreinductorforProblemInductorforProblem1.17.Figure1.29InductorforProblem1.17.ToroidalwindingforProblem1.19.Figure1.30ToroidalwindingforProblem1Iron-coreinductorforProblem1.20.Figure1.31Iron-coreinductorforProblemMagneticcircuitforProblem1.22.Figure1.32MagneticcircuitforProblem1SymmetricmagneticcircuitforProblem1.23.Figure1.33SymmetricmagneticcircuitforRe

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