英语六级阅读练习题及答案解析

英语六级阅读练习题及答案解析ToliveintheUnitedStatestodayistogainanappreciationforDahrendorf’sassertionthatsocialchangeexistseverywhere.Technology,theapplicationofknowledgeforpracticalends,isamajorsourceofsocialchange.Yetwewoulddowelltoremindourselvesthattechnologyisahumancreation;itdoesnotexistnaturally.Aspearorarobotisasmuchaculturalasaphysicalobject.Untilhumansuseaspeartohuntgameorarobottoproducemachineparts,neitherismuchmorethanasolidmassofmatter.Forabirdlookingforanobjectonwhichtorest,aspearorrobotservesthepurposeequallywell.TheexplosionoftheChallengerspaceshuttleandtheRussiannuclearaccidentatChernobyldrivehomethehumanqualityoftechnology;theyprovidecasesinwhichwell-plannedsystemssuddenlywenthaywire(变得混乱)andtherewasnoreadyhandtosetthemright.Sincetechnologyisahumancreation,weareresponsibleforwhatisdonewithit.Pessimistsworrythatwewilluseourtechnologyeventuallytoblowourworldandourselvestopieces.Buttheyhavebeensayingthisfordecades.andsofarwehavemanagedtosurviveandevenflourish.Whetherwewillcontinuetodosointheyearsaheadremainsuncertain.Clearly,theimpactoftechnologyonourlivesdeservesacloserexamination.Fewtechnologicaldevelopmentshavehadagreaterimpactonourlivesthanthecomputerrevolution.Scientistsandengineershavedesignedspecializedmachinesthatcandothetasksthatonceonlypeoplecoulddo.Therearethosewhoassertthattheswitchtoaninformation-basedeconomyisinthesamecampasothergreathistoricalmilestones,particularlytheIndustrialRevolution.YetwhenweaskwhytheIndustrialRevolutionwasarevolution,wefindthatitwasnotthemachines.Theprimaryreasonwhyitwasarevolutionaryisthatitledtogreatsocialchange.Itgaverisetomassproductionand,throughmassproduction,toasocietyinwhichwealthwasnotconfinedtothefew.Insomewhatsimilarfashion,computerspromisetorevolutionizethestruccureofAmericanfife,particularlyastheyfreethehumanmindandopennewpossibilitiesinknowledgeandcommunication.TheIndustrialRevolutionsupplementedandreplacedthemusclesofhumansandanimalsbymechanicalmethods.Thecomputerextendsthisdevelopmenttosupplementandreplacesomeaspectsofthemindofhumanbeingsbyelectronicmethods.nisthecapacityofthecomputerforsolvingproblemsandmakingdecisionsthatrepresentsitsgreatestpotentialandthatposesthegreatestdifficultiesinpredictingtheimpactonsociety.1.Aspearorarobothasthequalityoftechnologyonlywhenit_____________.A)isusedbothasaculturalandaphysicalobjectB)servesdifferentpurposesequallywellC)isutilizedbymanD)canbeofusecobothmanandanimal2.TheexamplesoftheChallengerandChernobylcitedbytheauthorservetoshowthat_________________.A)ifnotgivencloseexamination,technologycouldbeusedtodestroyourworldB)technologyisahumancreation,soweareresponsibleforitC)technologyusuallygoeswrong,ifnotcontrolledbymanD)beingahumancreation.technologyisliabletoerror3.Accordingtotheauthor.theintroductionofthecomputerisarevolutionmainlybecause__________________.A)thecomputerhasrevolutionizedtheworkingsofthehumanmindB)thecomputercandothetasksthatcouldonlybedonebypeoplebeforeC)ithashelpedtoswitchtoaninformationtechnologyD)ithasagreatpotentialimpactonsociety4.Byusingthephrase"thehumanqualityoftechnology"(Line7,Para.2),theauthorreferstothefactthattechnology_______________.A)hasagreatimpactonhumanlifeB)hassomecharacteristicsofhumannatureC)canreplacesomeaspectsofthehumanmindD)doesnotexistinthenaturalworld5.Thepassageisbasedontheauthor's_______________.A)keeninsightintothenatureoftechnologyB)prejudicedcriticismoftheroleoftheIndustrialRevolutionC)cautiousanalysisofthereplacementofthehumanmindbycomputersD)exaggerateddescriptionofthenegativeconsequencesoftechnology1.长矛和机器人只有在什么时候才有技术含量?A)它们被用作文化和物理实体的时候。B)它们能同样满足不同的需要的时候。C)它们被人类所利用的时候。D)它们可以被人类和动物所利用的时候。[C]第2段第3句提到，除非人们用矛去捕获猎物或用机器人去生产机器零件，否则二者都只不过是硬梆梆的物体而已。也就是说只有这些东西为人类所用的时候，它们才具有科技含量，C正确。其他选项利用原文个别信息，胡乱拼凑而成，不符题意。2.作者引述了挑战者和切诺比的例子是为了论证_________________。A)如果技术没有经过严密的检查，就告被用来摧毁我们的世界B)技术是人类创造出来的，所以我们应该对它们负责C)技术如果不受人类控制的'话通常会出问题D)技术是人类创造出来的，容易出错[D]根据题干关键词theChallengerandChernobyl查找到第2段第5句。该句提到，美国挑战者号航天飞机的爆炸以及俄罗斯切尔诺贝利核泄露事件彻底暴露了技术的人为性特征。也就是说技术是人为创造出来的，容易出问题,D正确。B虽然文中有所提及，却不是作者举例要说明的问题，A.C在原文中找不到依据。3.作者认为，电脑的引入是一种革命，主要的原因是____。A)电脑大大改变了人类的工作B)电脑现在可以做以前只能由人来做的工作C)电脑帮助促成了信息技术D)电脑对社会有很大的潜在影响力[D]第3段倒数第2句提到，工业革命之所以是一场革命，原因不在于机器的革新，主要原因是工业革命引发了巨大的社会变化，因此D正确。其他三个选项为这一变化的某一具体表现，不够全面，因此排除。4.作者使用了“技术的人为性”(第2段第7行)，指的是技术____。A)能对人类生活产生很大的影响B)有着一些人性的特点C)可以取代人类思维的某些方