初中英语陈述句讲解

概念：明一个事实是陈述话人的看法句子，末用句号。分类：陈句根据语法构，可体分为“主+谓语”和“主语连系动词表语”种；而从语的角度，又分为肯陈述句和否陈述句（1主语+谓”结构①肯定陈述句Ilikethatbook.我欢那本陈述一事实）Ireally我确实同意陈述一个点）②定陈述IdidnotbuytheTV.没有那个电陈述一个事）请注意们其中一个带有宾的，一个是带宾语。这两个例的共同点是都一个主语和个谓语都是陈述肯的事实观点（2）主+连系词+表语结①肯定陈述名Thefilmisboring.这部电影意思（述观点②否定陈述句Smokingisnotgoodforyourhealth.抽烟你的健没有好处。陈述一个事实）、述句的否定构：陈述句否定式主要两种结来表达：（1）句的谓语词为be,have或者谓语动词助动词、情动词时，其定结构为：主语+谓语词/动词/情动词+not+其他成Iamnotateacher.不是老。Wehavenot(haven`t)anybooksonanimals.我没有任有关动物方的书。Thechildrenarenot(aren`t)playingintheplayground.孩子们没在操上玩。Hewillnot(won`t)come.他不会来。Wemustnot(mustn`t)forgetthepast.我们不能忘记过。Itcouldnot(couldn`t)belost.不可能的。当句子谓语动词是do(即为动，而且没助动或情态词时，其否定构为：主语+(does,did)+not+动原形其他成分Youdonot(don`t)hereeveryday.你没有每天都来这里。doesnot(doesn`t)thisclass.他不这个班Theydidnot(didn`t)watchTVlastnight.昨晚他没看电视。注意：述句的语调般用降。但在表示问的语时，用升调在书面上要问号来表示YoureallywanttogotoHongKong?你真想去香吗？这句话示的是一种问，只过是通过陈的语序疑问的语气表达的疑句疑问句再分为一般问和特疑问两种。1.般疑：用be或助动或情态词置于句首并以Yes„，“，„”或相当yes/no答的句称为般疑句.1/2.含系动词be的一般疑问句的构具体地,am只能跟在第一称的单I后面,are搭配you,不管是单还是复数,is跟在第三人称数he,she后面be动的基本思：如：I'minClass2,1.→AreyouinClassGrade你是一年级二班吗(如第一人称，好将其换成第二人)It'samapofChina.→IsitamapofChina?这是一中国地图吗be或have（有）于句首来表疑问，：Isityourbicycle?（这辆行车是的吗？）Yes,itis.是的，我的Haveyoumoneywithyou?（你身上带钱了吗？）（=Doyouhavemoneywithyou?）Yes,I（Yes,Ido.（，我带钱了3.含情态动词的一般疑问句的构一般疑句面前人人等：情动词与am/is/are一样，可直接它们提至主语，所以问题刃而解。如：Icanspellit.→Canyouspellit?你会拼它吗？4.含实义动的一般问句的构成含实义词的一般疑句的构稍微有点讲，要在首加；如逢语为第三人单数谓语动词为般现在单数第三人形式"v-(e)s"时，does,并要将语动词变回形(如has→have，→like等)；有陈述句的还要变any等。如：ShelivesinBeijing.→DoessheliveinBeijing?她住在北京吗？IlikeEnglish.DoyoulikeEnglish?你喜欢英语？Therearesomebooksonmydesk.→Areanybooksonyourdesk?DoyouspeakJapanese?（你会说语吗）Yes,Ido.（是，我会）No,Idon’t.（不，不会说7.一般疑问句的应答用yes/no(或当于yes/no的词)回答，怎么问么答首为情态动/am/is/are还是do/does)如：①-IsMaryaJapanesegirl?丽是日女孩吗？-Yes,sheis./No,sheisn't.的，她。/，她不。②-CanLilyspeak莉莉会说国话吗-No,shecan't./Sorry,Idon'tknow.不她不会/对起，我知道。II.特殊疑问句定义以殊疑问词开，对陈句中的某一分提出问/进行发,回答时针对问中的代词和词来回，不用yes或的句子叫殊疑问句。特殊疑词what，wherewhich，what，whattime，whatnumber；who,whom,whose,how，howmany，howold，howmuch等。特成特殊"特殊疑词一般"成：What'sthisinEnglish?这个用英怎么讲5.对特殊疑问句答复小描疑代词用特殊疑问句，疑问词一般都放句首，在句中作为一句子成。如：Whatisthis?（what作表）这是么？whatcolorisit什么颜色?2/Whatareyoutalkingabout?你在说么？回答特疑问句不能用"/no"但可用"到什么山唱什么歌"形容对特殊问句的答--即问什么答什么(尤其是略回答明显)。如：-Howoldisyoursister?你妹今年多大了？-She'sonlyfive./Onlyfive.(她)才5岁。对指物词或谓语动提出疑，疑问词用what询问天How+be+theweather...？”“What+be+theweatherlike...？”意思相。例如：Howistheweathertoday?What'stheweatherliketoday?今天天气如何？对指人词或代词提用who对物主词和名词所格提问whose。eg.LiPing'scoat→Whosecoat,myfather→father对具体间提出疑问如inthemorning,lastSunday等，问词用when；具体几点问，疑问词用whattime。对具体点提出疑问疑问词用where。对表原的从句提问常见的引导的句，疑问词用why。对方式程度等提出问，用问词How。对数量出疑问，疑词为Howmany，要注howmany必须跟词的复形式。eg.twohundredsheep→Howmanysheep对价格出疑问疑问词用How。eg.Ipaidfiftyyuanforthesweater.much_didyoupayforthesweater?Howmuchisthecomputer?=Howmuchdoesthecomputercost?=What'sthepriceofthecomputer?这台电的价格多少？对时间度提出疑问疑问词用Howlong。对时间频率，如ayear,twiceaweek等提，疑问词用Howoften。Howoftendoyouvisityourgrandma?对具体数如once,twice,threetimes等提问疑问词Howmanytimes。15)对距离提出疑问，问词Howfar。16)另外，对日期、星、天等提出问，则分别What'sthedate?Whatdayisit果是过时间，用was代替is。What'stheweatherlike?3/年中考语单项择专练习《陈述和疑问》1.掌握陈述的概念及其定式否式和除no,not以外的表示否定义的词;2.掌握一疑问句、特疑问句选择疑问句反意疑句的结构及答语。()1.·盐)Watchout,PeterisalittleboyplayingaheadontheroadA.ItB.ThisC.ThatD.There()2.·东)—isyourfather?—He'sanengineerinabigfactory.A.WhoB.WhatC.WhichD.Where()3.·宿)—Thereisabeautifulparknearyourschool,—Yes.Ioftengowalkingthere.A.isthereB.isn'tthereC.arethereD.aren'tthere()4.·陕}—CouldyoutellmeittakestowalktotheDisneyland?—Aboutminutes.:A.howfarB.howlongC.howoftenD.howsoon()5.·昆:—Jim,areyourkeys?—.They'rehers.A.Yes,itisB.No,itisn'tC.Yes,theyare:D.No,theyaren't:()6.·大连)}—willthematchbetweenHASandBIGbeheld?—Inourschoolstadium.:A.WhenB.WhereC.WhyD.How:()7.·绵:—istheboywithapairofglasses?—Mybrother,John.A.HowB.WhoC.D.What()·长春):—doyouvolunteerinOldPeople's—Onceaweek.Wetohelptheoldmore.A.HowsoonB.HowmanyC.HowoftenD.Howlong()9.·厦)Theseshoeslookcool.arethey?—Theyareonsale,only$69.A.HowmuchB.HowlongC.Howmany()10.(2016·来宾)Thereabasketballmatchinourschooltomorrow.A.willhaveB.willbeC.areD.isgoingtohave()11.(2016·玉林、城港、左)—DoyouknowawonderfulfootballmatchandtwobasketballonJuly75th?—Yeah.Iamgoingtowatchthemonthatday.A.willbeB.therewillhaveC.thereareD.have4/()12.(2016·安)canhardlystayawakebecauseheissotired,A.isheB.isn'theC.can'theD.canhe()13.(2016·铜仁)Isthegirlinredyourfriend?—.SheislearningChinesenow.A.Yes,itisB.Yes,heisC.Yes,sheisD.Yes,shedoes()14.上)—DisneyamusementparksarethereinChina?—Two.A.HowmanyB.HowoftenC.HowsoonD.Howlong()15.(2016·宿迁)Thestructureofthesentence“studentsvisitedthe”is.A.S+VB.S+V+DOC.S+V+IO+DOD.S+()16.(2016·兰Iyoucanfinishtheexamintwohours.A.doesbelieveB.dobelieveC.didbelievedD.believed()17.(2016·郴州)—IfeelupsetbecauseIamtooheavy.—doexercisetolosesomeweight?A.Whydon'tB.WhynotC.Whynotto()18.(2016·州)—willMr.Brownbeback?—Inanhour.A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowsoonD.Howmuch()19.(2016·襄阳)—arethestudentsinyour—Mostofthemareonlyfourteen.A.HowlongB.HowoldC.HowmanyD.Howoften()20.(2016·威海)—willyoustayinEngland?—Morethanamonth.A.WhenB.HowsoonC.Howlong()21.(2016·武汉)—What'sthematter,Jenny?—somethingwrongwithmybike.A.ItisB.ThereisC.IhaveD.Ithas()22.(2016·菏泽)—willyoumissthemostafterjuniorhighschool,Lisa?—Ms.LeeandMr.Hunt.A.B.WhichC.What()23.(2016·南充)—Isthereawatermelonthetable?—.A.Yes,thereisB.Yes,itisC.No,thereisD.No,itisn't()24.(2016·黄石)—Hey,Jane.areyoufeelingnow?5/—better.Thanks.A.WhatB.C.HowD.When()25.永)Davidneverfightswithhisclassmates,A.doe;heB.doesn'theC.isn'the()26.(2016·天水)—Youdidn'tfindtheownerofthebooks,didyou?—.SoIgavethemtoourteacher.A.No,IdidB.Yes,didn'tC.No,Ididn'tD.Yes,1did()27.(·龙东五市)LetsgotoDisneylandi