小升初英语总复习 第四章 动词和时态 第一节 动词

第四章动词和时态第一节动词

编辑ppt知识梳理一、动词的概念与分类动词是句子中表示动作或者状态的词。根据动词的词义和在句中的作用，可以将动词划分为如下几类：编辑ppt二、动词的基本形式1.情态动词:没有人称和数的变化，后面接动词原形。如：Icanplaybasketballwell.MikecanspeakChinese.2.be动词:根据人称和时态的不同，呈现不同形式。如：现在时：Iamveryhappytoday.MikeisanAmericanboy.Theyareplayinginthesnow.过去时：HewasinGrade3lastyear.Wewereathomeyesterday.将来时：TherewillbeamatchbetweenClass1andClass2tomorrow.编辑ppt

3.助动词:不能单独在句中使用，在句中的作用是帮助构成否定、疑问等句式。如：Wedonot(don't)haveclassesonSaturdays.Myfatherdoesnot(doesn't)workinthehospital.Didyougoswimminglastweekend?编辑ppt

4.实义动词:小学阶段所学的实义动词有四种形式，即动词原形、第三人称单数形式、现在分词形式(动词的ing形式)和过去式形式。如:编辑ppt(1)动词第三人称单数形式的构成①一般情况下，在动词词尾加s。如：work—works，look—looks，want—wants②以ch,sh,s,x,o结尾的动词，在词尾加es。如：teach—teaches，wash—washes，dress(装扮)—dresses，fix(安装)—fixes，go—goes③以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，改y为i，再加es。如：fly—flies，cry—cries

【注】play—plays,buy—buys④不规则变化。如：have—has，be—is编辑ppt

(2)动词现在分词形式的构成①一般情况下，在动词词尾加ing。如：go—going，play—playing②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，去e再加ing。如：write—writing，come—coming③以重读闭音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写最后这个辅音字母再加ing。如：run—running，swim—swimming，shop—shopping④以ie结尾的动词，将ie改为y，再加ing。如：die—dying，lie—lying编辑ppt

(3)动词过去式的构成①一般情况下，在动词词尾加ed。如：work—worked，play—played等②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，在词尾加d。如：close—closed，arrive—arrived③以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，改y为i，再加ed。如：cry—cried，study—studied④以重读闭音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写最后这个辅音字母再加ed。如：stop—stopped，drop—dropped编辑ppt⑤动词的不规则变化(见下表)编辑ppt编辑ppt考点精析考点1考查动词的变化形式【例1】根据句意和单词首字母提示填写动词，并注意其动词的形式。1.CanyousEnglishsongs?2.Sheusuallygtoschoolat7:00.3.Look!AmyiswTV.4.Icmyroomlastnight.编辑ppt

解析:本题考查动词基本形式的写法和用法。在做此题时，不仅要考虑主语的人称，还要注意句子的时态，这样才能根据句意和首字母提示填写出动词的正确形式。第1小题应填写动词原形sing，因为情态动词can后要加动词原形。第2小题的主语是第三人称，句子又是陈述习惯性的动作。谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式goes。第3小题中的look一词提示了本题要用现在进行时，所以要用现在分词watching。第4题由lastnight这一时间状语可知本题要用一般过去时，所以谓语动词应填过去式cleaned。

答案：1.sing2.goes3.watching4.cleaned编辑ppt举一反三用所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Thecat_______(run)aroundthetree.2.Theyare

________(clean)theirclassroom.3.I_____(have)acoldlastweek.4.Don't_____(talk)loudlyinthelibrary.5.Mymother______(make)abigcakelastmonth.6.What______(do)shedolastnight?7.Myauntoften_______(go)shoppingonSundays.8.Sarah________(buy)aredbagyesterday.runscleaninghadtalkmadedidgoesbought编辑ppt考点2考查助动词、be动词的使用【例2】选择适当的助动词填空。1.He

notdohomeworkonFridayevening.2.

youhavecrayons?3.Tom

notreadEnglishthismorning.编辑ppt

解析:本题考查学生对助动词do的三种形式的正确运用。第1小题中onFridayevening是常态，用一般现在时，而主语he是三单形式，所以用一般现在时的三单形式does;第2小题you是非三单形式，用do；第3小题中thismorning表示过去的时间，且过去式不受人称影响，故用did。

答案：1.does2.Do3.did编辑ppt举一反三

1.用be动词的适当形式填空。

(1)I_____inGradeSixthisyear.Lastyear，I

_____

inGradeFive.(2)There_____

manytallbuildingsherenow.Twentyyearsago，there_______

somesmallhouses.(3)MikeandJack______

twinbrothers.Theylookthesame.(4)Iwantto_____

ateacherinthefuture.2.用所给单词的适当形式填空。(1)_______(will)youlikesometea？(2)_______

(do)hewatchTVlastnight？amwasarewerearebeWouldDid编辑ppt考点3考查情态动词的使用【例3】单项填空。()He_______readthebooknow.A.iscanB.cansC.can

解析:本题考查情态动词的正确使用。情态动词can的用法很容易混淆。can和be动词或其他的助动词不能同时出现在句中；can不受人称的影响，故不存在cans的形式；在本题中还要分析清楚，now不表示现在进行时。答案：C编辑ppt举一反三

1.选词填空。(1)_________Iuseyourpen？(2)What_________

Idothen？(3)You_________

beamiddleschoolstudent.(4)We_________

dosomethingforGrandpaLi.(5)_________

wegonow？Shall

May/Canshouldmustcan编辑ppt2.按要求完成下列各题。(1)IcanspeakChineseandEnglishwell.(改成否定句)______________________________________(2)当你想提醒朋友，让他周末要帮助妈妈做家务时，你可以说：____________________________________________________________________________(3)你想告诉想要闯红灯的人，红灯必须停，你应该说：______________________________________Youmuststopataredlight.Ican'tspeakChineseorEnglishwell.

Youshoulddosomehouseworkforyourmotheronweekends.编辑ppt考点4考查动词的综合运用【例4】用read的适当形式填空。1.Youcan

(read)thebookinthelibrary.2.She

(read)abooknow.3.CanI

(read)thisbooknow?4.Myfather

(read)newspaperseverymorning.5.—Didyou

（read）thecomicbook?—Yes,I

（read）ityesterday.编辑ppt

解析:本题围绕一个词read展开，考查了不同时态、不同人称情况下，实义动词的用法。第1小题中can+原形动词；第2小题now表示的是现在，体现现在进行时，she是三单形式，故而be+动词的ing形式是本小题需要的答案；第3小题不管后面出现什么，can+原形动词；第4小题everymorning体现一般现在时，而myfather是第三人称，故而动词要用三单形式；第5小题did之后加动词原形，答句中用过去式形式,read的过去式和原形同形。答案:1.read2.isreading3.read4.reads5.read;read编辑ppt举一反三1.用所给动词的适当形式填空。(1)We_______(like)music.Nowwe__________(sing).(2)Let's_______(go)tothecinema.(3)He______(is)illyesterday.(4)Canyou_______clean)thetablenow？(5)Doyou_______

(go)totheparkonSaturdays？likearesinginggowascleango编辑ppt

2.单项填空。()(1)Whatdidhe____yesterday?A.doB.doesC.did()(2)Heis____withhisfriend.A.talkedB.talkingC.talksAB编辑ppt

()(3)—Howishefeeling?—He____

better.A.feelsB.isfeelC.isfeeling()(4)—Whatareyoudoing?—I'm____dinner.A.cookB.cooksC.cooking()(5)Don't____TV.A.watchB.watchingC.watchesACA编辑ppt过关检测一、按要求改写下列单词。1.have（第三人称单数形式）_______2.do（现在分词）_______3.slept（动词原形）_______

4.take（动词过去式）_______

hasdoingsleeptook编辑ppt

5.come（反义词）_______

6.wash（第三人称单数形式）_______7.driver（动词形式）_______8.write（动词过去式）_______9.sit（动词过去式）_______

10.told（动词原形）_______gowashesdrivewrotesattell编辑ppt二、选词填空，将下列短文补充完整。MynameisSarah.I1.______anAmericangirlbutI2._______inGuangzhouwithmyparentsnow.Myfatherisateacher.He3._________English.Helikes4.________pictures.Usuallymyfather5._______toworkbycar,butyesterdayhe6._______bybus.Mymotherisanurse.She7._______inabighospital.Sheoften8._______towork.She9._______playingbaseballverymuch.Weoften10._______ittogether.am

liveteachesdrawinggoeswentworkswalkslikesplay编辑ppt三、用所给动词的适当形式填空。1._____(be)theseyourshoes?2.Ican_____(play)footballeveryday.3.Iwantto_____(buy)someflowersformymother.4.Listen!Whois_______(sing)overthere?5.He_____(do)morningexerciseseverymorning.6._____yourmother_____(wash)theclotheseveryday?7.He______________(notteach)Englishinourschool.8.He_____(leave)hishomeworkathomethismorning.AreplaybuysingingdoeswashDoesdoesn'tteachleft编辑ppt

9.Where_____(be)thetwinslastnight?10.CanI______(watch)TVnow?11.Myfatherlikes_________(collect)stamps.12.Joe'saunt________(work)inafactorylastyear.13.Weshould______(help)eachother.14.Thesun______(rise)intheeast.15.No_______(smoke)!16.______(have)thisorange,please.17.She______(stay)athometoday.18.Jackisgoodat________(run),andheis________(run)ontheplaygroundnow.werewatchcollectingworkedhelprisessmokingHavestaysrunningrunning编辑ppt四、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Lasttermwe_____(have)eightsubjects.Weall_______(study)veryhard.2.They_________________(go)totheparknextFriday.3.It's10:00inthemorning.Thepupils___________(have)lessonsintheclassroomsnow.hadstudiedwillgo/aregoingarehaving编辑ppt4.Mymother______(go)shoppinginthemorningand______(take)exerciseintheafternooneveryday.5.It______(be)alwaysrainyandfoggylastweekend,butthisweekit_____(be)much_______(good).6.Mybrotherandmysister________(benot)inChinalastyear.They_______(go)toEnglandto_______(study)English.goestakeswasisbetterweren'twentstudy编辑ppt

7.—Listen!Who___________(sing)?—Oh,thisisMissGreen.Shealways_______(sing)and________(dance)inthemusicroomafterschool.NextMondayshe___________________(sing)forusinclass.8.—______yourfriends______(come)toyourbirthdaypartyyesterday?—Yes,andthey_______(give)mealotofbirthdaypresents.issingingsingsdanceswill/isgoingtosingDidcomegave编辑ppt五、单项填空。()1.—CanI____yourbike?—Sure.A.rideB.ridingC.toride()2.Myfather____anewcar.He____itverymuch.A.have;likeB.has;likesC.has;likeAB编辑ppt()3.____heoften____hishomeworkatschool?A.Does;doB.Does;doesC.Do;does()4.—Whatisshedoing?—She____.A.singsB.willdanceC.istidyingherroom()5.Iwanttogo____.A.swimB.toswimmingC.swimmingACC编辑ppt()6.Thesun____downinthewest.A.goB.isgoingtoC.goes()7.Maryoftenhelpshermum____thedishes.A.doesB.doC.doing()8.Ienjoy____tomusic.A.listenB.listeningC.listenedCBB编辑ppt()9.Father____onhiscoatandwentout.A.putsB.putC.putting()10.I____totheteacher,butIdidn't____him.A.listen;heardB.listened;heardC.listened;hear()11.He____afterhefinisheshishomework.A.playsB.isgoingtoplayC.playedBCB编辑ppt()12.What____you____lastweekend?A.will;doB.does;doC.did;do()13.Tony____toschoolbybikelastyear.A.goesB.wentC.willgo()14.MrSmith____toseeyouinanhour.A.cameB.comesC.willcomeCBC编辑ppt()15.Howsoon____they____backfromwork?A.do;comeB.did;comeC.will;come()16.We____TVathomethistimeyesterdayafternoon.A.werewatchingB.watchC.wouldwatch()17.—Where____youthismorning?—I____atameeting.A.were;wasB.are;amC.do;amCAA编辑ppt()18.MyfriendPeter____verywell.A.swimB.runningC.sings()19.LiLei____likefish,buthissister____.A.don't;doB.doesn't;doesC.isn't;is()20.Don't____inclass.Let's____totheteacher.A.talking;listeningB.talks;listensC.talk;listenCBC编辑ppt六、按要求完成下列句子。1.Jennywillbeadoctorinthefuture.（改为一般疑问句）___________________________________________2.Hedidhishomeworklastnight.（改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答）—_________________________________________—_________________________________________WillJennybeadoctorinthefuture?Didhedohishomeworklastnight?Yes,hedid.编辑ppt3.Heis_______________.（就画线部分提问）____________________________________________4.Sarahcanswim.（改为否定句）____________________________________________5.MyfriendandIaregoingtoplaybaseballnextweek.（用lastweek改写）_____________________________________________Whatishedoing?listeningtomusicSarahcan'tswim.MyfriendandIplayedbaseballlastweek.编辑ppt编辑ppt9、静夜四无邻，荒居旧业贫。。2022/12/202022/12/20Tuesday,December20,202210、雨中黄叶树，灯下白头人。。2022/12/202022/12/202022/12/2012/20/20226:52:21PM11、以我独沈久，愧君相见频。。2022/12/202022/12/202022/12/20Dec-2220-Dec-2212、故人江海别，几度隔山川。。2022/12/202022/12/202022/12/20Tuesday,December20,202213、乍见翻疑梦，相悲各问年。。2022/12/202022/12/202022/12/202022/12/2012/20/202214、他乡生白发，旧国见青山。。20十二月20222022/12/202022/12/202022/12/2015、比不了得就不比，得不到的就不要。。。十二月222022/12/202022/12/202022/12/2012/20/202216、行动出成果，工作出财富。。2022/12/202022/12/2020December202217、做前，能够环视四周；做时，你只能或者最好沿着以脚为起点的射线向前。。2022/12/202022/12/202022/12/202022/12/209、没有失败，只有暂时停止成功！。2022/1