高中英语语法填空常考点精讲精练

派生词部分语法填空中有些单词变形侧重于考查构词法，主要是派生构成法。派生法（derivation）是英语中重要的构词法，它借助在词干上加词缀的办法来构成新的单词。一个单词的基本部分称为词干（stem），加在词干前面的部分称为前缀（prefix），加在词干后面的部分成为后缀（suffix）。一般来说，前缀改变词义，后缀改变词性。如：在repayment（偿还）一词中，pay付钱，是词干；re-有“返还”之意，是前缀，改变词义；-ment是后缀，改变词性为名词。英语中派生词很多。这里我们只能把常考的派生词按词缀进行归类练习，以提高我们掌握、识记单词的能力。把课本生词表中的生词记牢才是备考的上策。常见前缀Thismaysound____(convenient),butEnglishpeopleareusedtodoingso.Meanwhile,theeditorwasgetting____(patience),forthemagazinewouldsoongotopress.Iftheystayinamuseumtoolong,afeelingofboredomwillbuildup,leadingeventuallyto____(patience)andfatigue.Mymottoalsomakesmebecomean____(depend)person.Faridabadisverypoorandmostpeopledon’thaveairconditionersorevenelectricfans.Besides,electricityisoftencutoff____(expect).Something____(believe)happenedontheplane.Donotcarrytoomuchmoneyor____(necessity)creditcards.Although____(able)topublishatthattime,hecirculated(使传阅)threephotocopiedcollectionsofhiswork.Thestudentoranyotherperson,maycomebacktohisworktiredand____(interested).Peoplewere____(familiar)withthisproductatthebeginning,andmademanyguessesathowitwasproduced.Staringoutofthewindow,mymothercomplainedaboutthe____(responsible)andcruelpersonwholefthisdogwithus.常见名词后缀Tomy____(amaze),LifeofFranceandItalyseemedmorepleasantandrelaxingthanthatofToronto.IloveJackalotbutwearegettingintoalotof____(argue)aboutourweddingplans.Similar____(arrange)alsoexistsinsomeBritishschools.【2016全国Ⅱ】Then,handlethemostimportanttasksfirstsoyou’llfeelarealsenseof______(achieve).【2016全国Ⅲ】SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius,wholivedfromroughly551to479B.C.,influencedthe______(develop)ofchopsticks.Whenyoustandin

frontofthemirror,itwillusethetechnologytomakeitsown

____

(judge)ofyourbodytype.In____(conclude),wisechoicesandfullpreparationsarereliablemeasurestoreachourgoals.Ithinkitnecessaryforustodiscussthisproblemwithourparentsbeforewemakeafinal____(decide).Ithinktheywereallbetterworthvisitingthanmanyother____(attract).【2016全国Ⅰ】Butfortouristslikeme,pandasareitstop______(attract).Therearetwonewhotelshereunder____(construct).Hehasmadegreat____(contribute)tothedevelopmentofourcompany.Sincenewsbroke,netizenshavepraisedTianforhis____(devote)toteachinghisstudentsandhisabilitytothinkoutofthebox.Researchersarguethatpeoplehavetoohigh____(expect)ofthepowerofsayingsorry.Hehasreceivedthreesimilar____(invite)sofar.Butthehardestpartlayinmyoral____(present)frommymemory—fortoreadfromthepaperwasnotallowed.Knowingthat,mymumandImadecareful____

(prepare)forthecelebration.However,thecollectorsaiditwasoneofhisvaluable_______(possess)andhecouldnotletitgo.possessionsNotonlyhavethefablesthemselveslivedfornearly1500years,but____(express)fromthemhaveenteredvariouslanguages.Icouldn’tseeasad____(express)onhisface.Somepeoplewhose____(intend)istomakebigmoneyappreciatebeinggivenanychancetomultiplytheirincomeNowletmegiveyouabrief____(describe)ofhisexperience.Thepressurehelpsuslearnthetruemeaningof____(compete)beforewestepintosociety.The____(explain)wassimplebutveryunusual.Thatsmileiswhatgiveshimthe____(determine)tolovehimself.Forexample,whenpeopleuseddogsforhunting,thedogswouldnoteatwhattheycaughtwithout____(permit).Onceyoureachthatpointinlife,happinessand____(satisfy)can’tbetoofaraway.____(honest)isthebestpolicy.Moreandmorestudentswoulddropoutofschooliftheirpersonal____(safe)couldnotbeguaranteed.Thereasonsforits____(popular)arethemusic’sfastpaceandrhythmicbeat.Iknowyour____(curious)isdrivingyoumad!Itgivesusastrongheartandteachesustostepforwardnomatterwhatthe____(real)is.Aftertwoearlier____(marry)，shemarriedVincentAstorin1953again.HelloKittyisallabout____(happy)andfriendshipandfun.Itisanoccasionwhichoffersallofusanopportunitytoremembernotonlythesick,aged,andorphaned,butalsofriends,relativesandneighborswhose____(friend)andhelpfulnesswehaveenjoyed.Asshemoreandmorestudiedthephoto,shebegantoseethesadnessand____(lonely)inhiseyes.Theseyoung____(employ),whoareenthusiasticaboutcars,knowthatqualitycomesfirst.Thelinehasa

____(long)of174km.Eventually,Iwenthomewithmycarfullofgroceriesandmyheartfullof____(warm)andkindness.Shawntriedtodecidewhethertoadmitthe____(true).OnTuesday,youbuildup____(strong)inyourlegsbydoingdeepkneebends.【2014陕西】OnJune27,2012,theJiaolongreacheda____（deep）of7,062metersinthePacificOcean.Cultureshockcanhappenimmediatelyuponyour____(arrive)inthecountry.Iftheystayinamuseumtoolong,afeelingof____(bore)willbuildupHelookedsohappywhenheenjoyedthe_____(free)ofrunningonthegrass.Whenpeoplepetanimals,theirblood(press)andheartratesgodown.常见形容词后缀Drawninsimpleblackandwhite,Tuzki（兔斯基）doesn’tseem____(impress)atfirstsight.KeepingadiaryinEnglishisan____(effect)waytoimproveourEnglishwritingability.Thereisno____(effect)vaccineortreatmentcurrentlyavailableforEbola.Forothers,workingina____(create)environmentwithotherpeoplemakesthemhappier.Humanbeingsare____(competition)animalsandwedecidetoevaluateeachother.Theygiveoff____(poison)gases.Myclassmatesattended____(vary)eventssuchasrunning,highjumpandlongjump.Somanypeopleareso____(anxiety)to“getin”ona“groundflooropportunity”,asiftheopportunitywilldoalltheworkthat’simpossible.Almostallthefableshewroteare____(humor)andentertaining,appealingtopeopleofallages.Unlikehisfather,hehadbetterluckinbusinessandshowedmore____(finance)sense.Londonisaworld____(culture)capitalandishometomanymuseums,galleries,banks,libraries,andsportingevents.【2008广东】Thisproverbissayingwehavetoletthingsgointheir______(nature)course.natural。【2015全国Ⅱ】As______(nature)architects,thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactlyhowthicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.____(tradition),waterwouldbecollectedandpouredonlyonfamilymembersasasymbolicwaytoensuregoodluckinthecomingyear.Theydonotwastepeople’stimewithconversationsorotheractivitiesthathavenovisible____(benefit)result.ThenameBigBen____(origin)referredtotheGreatBellwithinthetowerI’verealizedthattryingtogeteverythingdoneina____(limit)timemeansthatnothingcanbedoneproperly.Hewasborninapoorfamily,andonlyreceiveda____(limit)educationinhischildhood.Heisa____(talent)artist.WetriedourbesttoclimboutbutthenIsawoneofmysonswas____(miss)连变或成对词缀Later,actors,musicians,dancersandsingersfromallovertheworldcameovertogive____(perform).Unfortunately,manypeoplecanonlyseeacamel’soutstanding____(perform),butfewunderstanditspreparationsmadeforit.Thisfestivalisaholidayofgreat____(significant)andtheonewiththelongesthistory.Besidesanattractive____(appear),tinyhousescanalsoboastuniquepracticalfeatures.Whilemostmanagetocovertheshort____(distant),ahandfularestuckinsidetherailwaytracksthatliebetweentheoceanandpopularpark.Anoldwomanfelloveratthe____(enter)andhitherheadontheground.Whenwearefeelingstressedthereisatendencytoturntoothersforsome____(assist).NextdayIsawanadforasales____(assist)inalocalbookshopandputmyhouseonthemarket.The____(present)ofbothsuggestsatleastthepossibilityoflife.Someevenawardedprizesto____(participate)whocouldperformthisfeatinanaturalandeffortlessway.【2014陕西】Theadvertisementforengineersinthelocalpaperattractedmany____(apply).Hiscontinual____(present)oninstantmessagingplatformslikeQQandWeChathasmadehimatrueicon(偶像、标志)oftheinternetgeneration.Theexpertrefusedtoteachhimbecausehefearedthattheyouthwouldnothavethe____(patient)tolearn.Deepworrybegantodestroymy____(confident)..It’s____(evidence)thatitwilldogreatharmtosociety.【2014全国Ⅰ】Justbe______(patience).Nevertheless,apologiesmightbeanimportantsocialtoolastheyreaffirm（重新确认）the____(exist)ofrulesthatneedtobeobserved.Inconclusion,wisechoicesandfullpreparationsare____(rely)measurestoreachourgoals.Something____(believe)happenedontheplane.Stayinghealthywhentravelingcanhelptoensureyourtripisahappyand____(enjoy)one.Woodbecameveryexpensiveandhardtoget,sotheChinesehadtoeitherfindasubstitutefortheir____(value)wood,orlearnhowtouseitbetter.【2013广东】Thatwouldbeavery______(reason)thingtodoinabigcity,butitcoulddestroyasmallvillagelikeours.【2007广东】Butevenmore______(value)arethelessonslearnedinextra-curricularactivitiesinschool.【2015全国Ⅱ】Inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty,whatmakestheadobedwellings（土坯房）admirableistheir______(able)to“aircondition”ahousewithoutusingelectricequipment.Withanonlinestudyformat,thetestsandnotescanbe____(access)withjustamouseclickfromyourhomecomputer.Inconclusion,wisechoicesandfullpreparationsare____(rely)measurestoreachourgoals.DuringhiscareerHarrison’s____(responsible)istoapprovelargequantitiesofthesweeticecream.Theoldpeoplethereweretalkativeandtheytoldustheirpersonalstories____(cheer).Onthewaybackdown,myuncleaskedmeaquestion,whichleftme____(speech)forasecond.Withtheorderfromtheground,theplane____(success)landedatthenearestairport.Theresearcherssuggestthataftera____(stress)day,simplydoingsomethingassmallasholdingthedooropenforsomeoneelseandcarryingsomeone’sbagscangiveyoumoodaboost.Nobelhadneverbeentoschooloruniversity,buthadstudiedprivatelyandbecamea____(skill)chemistandexcellentlinguist.Tosomeadogisa____(faith)hunterandtoothersheismerelyadecoration.【2014辽宁】Icannotcontrolmybodywell.Mylegsbecome______(pain).Iplantofinishmyyearwitha____(joy)marriageandplanformyownfamilylife.____(need)tosay,hegotpoormarksinallsubjects.Ifeltextremelyupsetwhenthenewscamethattheearthquakehadledtoextensiveandseveredamageinyourcounty,causinglossoflivesandleavingmanypeople____(home).Theapplicantmaynotknowthatheactuallyhastherequired____(qualify).其他一些单词的其他词性形式并不是加词缀构成，而是改变了其中的字母或字母组合，或添加或去掉一些字母。这样的单词需要专门去记。Duringourvisit,thehomewasfilledwith____(laugh).This____(lose)wasverybadforthecountry,ofcourse,butitturnedouttobeverygoodforthefood.Actually,childrenlearnviolence____(behave)fromadultsorfromwhattheyseeontelevisionorontheInternet.【2009广东】ButJaneknewfrompastexperiencethather______(choose)oftieshardlyeverpleasedherfather.InSeniorOne,hewasan____(energy)boywhowantedtobecomeaplayerintheschoolbasketballteam.Smilingwith____(relieve),hesetoffagainonthedonkey'sback.Ihaveastrong____(believe)thatonedayChinesestudentscanbuythesetickets,too.Thecatisnotfor____(sell).Sheexpressedherdisgustattheprogrambywritingaletterof____(complain).Hewashardworkingand____(energy)energetic.Therehasbeenno____(respond)tohisremarksfromthegovernment.Theislandofferssuchawide____(vary)ofsceneryandwildlife.Inyour____(young),adolescencemayfillyouwithunrealizeddesiresandsendyouintodeeperpuzzlement.Theeditoratoncesentthejournalistatelegraminforminghimtofindouttheexactnumberofstepsandthe____(high)ofthewall.答案：常见前缀inconvenient。这可能听起来不方便，但是英国人习惯于这样做。impatient。get后面跟形容词。impatient没有耐心的。impatience。to后面跟名词。impatience没耐心，名词。independent。独立的，自力更生的。unexpectedly。出乎意料地，修饰动词cutoff，用副词。unbelievable。令人难以置信的事情发生在那个飞机上。unnecessary。没有必要的。creditcard信用卡。unable。不能够。uninterested。学生或者其他任何人可能回到工作上，疲惫不堪，毫无兴趣。unfamiliar。不熟悉的。irresponsible。不负责任的。cruel残暴的。常见名词后缀amazement。tomyamazement使我惊奇的是。argument。争吵，争论。去-e加-ment。链接：arguing，truly，valuable。arrangement。similar后面跟名词。achievement。asenseofachievement成就感。此处achievement是不可数名词。development。影响着筷子的发展。judgement/judgment。本词两种写法都正确。conclusion。inconclusion总之。decision。决定，是decide的名词。attractions。景点，是可数名词。attraction。虽然pandas用的复数，但是熊猫也只是一个方面。construction。underconstruction在建设中。contributions。contribution是可数名词。makeacontributionto或者makecontributionsto。devotion。忠诚。奉献。expectations。expectation作“期望”讲时常用复数。invitations。邀请信，请帖。presentation。呈现，介绍，演示。preparations。makepreparationsfor做准备，此时preparation要用复数。possessions。物品，所有物，同belongings相近。expressions。短语，习语。expression。表情。intention。目的，意图。description。描述，描写。competition。竞赛，比赛。explanation。explain变为名词时ai要变为a。determination。决心，决定。permission。允许。不要写成permition。satisfaction。满意，satisfy的名词。toone’ssatisfaction使某人满意的是。Honesty。作主语要用其名词形式。safety。是safe的名词形式。popularity。后面谓语是are，主语是reasons，所以不能把popularity写成复数。curiosity。好奇心。reality。现实。marriage。结婚，婚姻。happiness。幸福。friendship/friendliness。friendship友谊，friendliness友好。loneliness。孤独，寂寞。employees。employee雇员，employer雇主。length。alengthof一段长度。warmth。温暖。truth。事实，真相。strength。力量。depth。深度。arrival。on/uponarrival刚一到。boredom。烦闷，无聊。freedom。自由。pre